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新视野大学英语三课后答案及课文翻译Unit 5

新视野大学英语三课后答案及课文翻译Unit 5
新视野大学英语三课后答案及课文翻译Unit 5

Unit 5

Section A

Language focus

Words in use

1gauged 2dedicate 3commonplace 4suffice 5revenue 6simultaneous 7incentive 8prone 9innovations 10fostered

Word building

Words learned New words formed

-ism

Real Realism

Imperial Imperialism

Commercial Commercialism

Human Humanism

Terror Terrorism

-ment

Recruit Recruitment

Resent Resentment

Enroll Enrollment

Refresh Refreshment

Ship Shipment

Enforce Enforcement

1refreshment 2shipment 3enforcement 4commercialism 5realism 6recruitment

7enrollment(s) 8imperialism 9resentment 10Terrorism 11humanism

Banked cloze

1O 2F 3L 4C 5K 6H 7I 8N 9E 10M

Expression in use

1correlate with 2refrain with 3count down 4slaving away 5coincided with

6contended with 7be designated as 8conformed to

Translation

英式下午茶的仪式可以追溯到19世纪40年代,该传统是由之前英国的茶饮仪式和习惯发展而来的。茶最初在17世纪50年代晚期被引入英国,但由于价格昂贵,所以很长一段时间里,只有皇家和贵族才能享用。直到将近200多年之后,英国人才养成吃下午茶的习惯。在当时,英国人一日两餐:快接近中午时分的丰盛早餐和晚上八点左右的晚餐。据说第七代贝德福德公爵夫人安娜开创了下午茶的传统,以此来缓解晚餐前的饥饿感。她邀请朋友和她一起在下午四五点钟吃下午茶。下午茶中包括茶和一些点心,比如精致的蛋糕及三明治。这些小巧的美食用精美的瓷器盛装。下午茶很快就流行开来,现在已经成为优雅英国生活方式的一个象征。正如小说家亨利·詹姆斯写道的那样:“人生鲜有比全心全意享用下午茶这一仪式更惬意的时刻了。”

China is the hometown of tea and the birthplace of tea culture. Since ancient times, tea has been known as the “national drink “of China. In both the Chinese scholars’ seven daily necessities, namely music, chess, calligraphy, painting, poetry, wine and tea and common people's seven ones, namely firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar and tea, tea is listed as one of the necessities. Meanwhile, China is a country with ancient civilization and a land of courtesy. The practice of making and serving tea is essential whenever there are guests or friends. With the development of cultural exchange, commerce and trade between China and other countries, Chinese tea and tea culture spread to the world. Today, a number of countries across the five continents grow tea plants, and many countries import tea from China. Chinese tea, like Chinese silk and chinaware, has become synonymous with China in the world. Section B

Reading comprehension

Understanding the text

1C 2B 3D 4A 5B 6D 7B 8A

Language focus

Word in use

1Rush 2specialty 3ponder 4utilize 5pierce 6bias 7ensue 8impart 9infectious 10hospitality

Expression in use

1out 2on 3away 4to 5to 6in 7away 8up

Sentence structure

1 Although I am already tall, I wear high heels all of the time, be it day or night.

2 A lower euro will actually help European exports become more affordable and more competitive around the world, be they German automobiles or Italian leathers.

3 Every time there is a major news event, be it a natural disaster or a historic moment, we take it for granted that there will be pictures and videos.

1 In a new country, he may find himself eating foods he never heard of before, prepared in ways he knows nothing about.

2 Charlene, a 16-year-old student at a high school, found herself faced with a math test to whose questions she knew none of the answers.

3 On her way home, she was thinking about how to solve the problem, when she suddenly found herself standing in front of Tim's company.

Collocation

Warm-up

1prideful 2high 3special 4trivial 5sole 6friendly 7cheerful 8instant 9charitable

1unhappy 2personally 3optimum 4truly 5monetary 6sole 7personal 8trivial 9special

10high 11friendly 12cheerful

课文翻译

Text A

你想做工作者还是劳役者?

1一个人要想真正快乐,必须觉得自己既自由又重要。如果觉得自己是受社会逼迫而做自己不喜欢的工作,或者自己喜欢的工作被认为没价值或不重要而遭社会忽视,那他绝不会快乐。在一个奴隶制度严格说来已经被废除的社会里,工作的社会含义、工作的价值和薪水,已经把许多劳役者降格为现代奴隶——“薪奴”。

2如果人们的工作对自己有负面的影响,但为了遵从社会的期望或者挣钱养家糊口而被迫必须继续工作,那么他们就被认为是劳役者。劳役的对立面是玩乐。当我们玩游戏时,我们很享受正在做的事情,但这仅仅是个人娱乐。社会对我们何时玩乐或者是否玩乐并不关心

3处于劳役和玩乐之间的就是工作。如果人们的个人兴趣跟社会付酬让他们做的工作相吻合,他们就被称为工作者。社会上看来一定是苦工的事情对个人来说却是自在的玩乐活动。一份活到底应定为工作还是劳役并不取决于其本身,而是承担这份活的个人感受。比如,二者的区别与是体力活还是脑力活或尊严的高低没有关联。温室里满身尘土的园丁可能是工作者,而衣冠楚楚的市长则可能是一个不开心的劳役者!

4人们对自己工作的态度决定了一切。对工作者而言,闲暇只是为了更有效地工作而需要放松休息的时间。因此,工作者更倾向于投入更多的时间工作,而花在休闲上的时间并非很多,而是很少。而对劳役者而言,休闲意味着从被迫状态中得到自主。因此,他们自然会想,花在劳作上的时间越少,自在玩乐的时间越多,则越好。

5除了花在闲暇上的时间不同,工作者和劳役者的区别还在于他们从工作中获得的个人满足感不同。工作者喜欢自己的工作,感觉更快乐,更轻松,通常对自己的生活更满意。他们工作起来也会更勤奋弘更精细,因为他们对自己的工作已经产生了一种自豪感。相反,由于劳役者的唯一动力是挣生活费,他们觉得每天花在苦差上的时间是一种浪费,不会让自己快乐。他们不把每天的24小时都当作愉快有用的时光,认为只有花在休闲娱乐上的时间才是有意义的。不幸的是,劳役者太常见了,只有一小部分人能有幸成为工作者。

6近几十年,技术创新和劳动分工使许多领域不再镐头专长或特殊技能,导致了重大经济变革,把许多可以通过开心工作来挣钱的职业变成了枯燥的劳役。随着自动化机器如机器人的使用,日益提高的生产力减少了必要的劳作时间。可以想象,在即将到来的社会中,大多数人会拥有同早期中世纪贵族一样多的闲暇时间。中世纪贵族有大量的闲暇时间,但却往往耗费在玩游戏和对时尚的无聊追求上。同样,有太多闲暇时间的现代劳役者们会觉得很难摆脱那些无聊又易上瘾的追求,像名人八卦、奢华时尚、过度电子游戏和电视等诸如此类浪费宝贵时间的坏习惯。7不过,没必要对休闲这种正面的事情采取如此否定的态度。事实上,目前在很多国家,人们利用闲暇时间去提高认识,改善工作环境,以创造更快乐安逸的生活。终身学习对做一个乏味不开心的劳役者,还是成为一个从职业和生活中发现意义和乐趣的工作者有重要的影响。“继续教育”或“体验学习”补能提供一系列课程,略举几例,如从运动、艺术或音乐等休闲娱乐课程到领导力拓展、高级

会计或CAD(计算机辅助设计)等。

8不管是什么工作,喜欢自己工作的人总发现时间过得飞快。不管是铁匠的体力活,还是像科学家或艺术家从事的偏脑力的活,他们在工作中部会投入激情。即便是纯脑力活也足以让他们挥洒激情,恰如短语表达的那样,“全身心投入问题中”。

9最终,每个人都得找一份工作谋生口劳役者仅为了一点金钱报酬,像奴隶一样做自己并不喜欢的工作,一天到晚等着回家玩乐。但是当劳役者倒数着时间之时,工作者则干劲十足,全神贯注,从手头的任务中享受到最大的快乐。他们通过选择一份有益社会、成就自我的工作,怀揣着一种使命感和热情,提升了自己的整个生活,因此到头来,不管你选择什么工作,都必须面对这个根本问题:“你想做一名劳役者还是工作者?”

Text B

光荣传统带来的快乐

1第一次见他是在1965年,当时我匆匆进入他的小店去修我的鞋跟。他露出开心的笑容,马上热情地招呼我,“你刚搬到这附近,是吗?”

2“的确,一周前我才刚搬进街道尽头的那栋房子。”“这一带挺好的,”他说,“你生活在这儿会开心的。”

4我脱了鞋坐在那儿,看着他准备动手缝补我交给他的鞋。他惋惜地看着包鞋跟底的皮革。一个月前鞋就该补了,现在那块皮已经磨穿了。因为还要急着去见位朋友,我有点不耐烦了。“请快点儿,。我请求道。”

5他从眼镜上方看了看我。“别急,要不了多久的。这手艺是我最拿手的,我想做好点。”他沉默了一会儿。“你知道,我得遵守传统。”

6传统?就这家和华盛顿住宅区那么多街边修鞋店没什么区别的简陋小铺子?这想法好像有点荒唐。

7他准是觉察到了我的不屑,因为他两眼闪烁着光芒,微笑着继续说道:“是的,我继承了一个传统。我父亲总对我说'儿子,每只拿到店里的鞋都要修到最好,并且为自己的细活骄傲。如果你尽心工作,就总会拥有快乐和金钱。”

8把修好的鞋递给我时,他说:“这鞋能穿很长时间,我用的是好皮料。”

9我急匆匆地离开了,但觉得既温暖又感激。回家途中我又经过那家小店,他坐在工具中间,还在工作。看见我,他热诚友好地挥手微笑致意。从此我们的友谊就开始了,这是一段随着时间流逝对我越来越重要的交情。

10从那以后,我每天经过他的店的时候,我们都友好地彼此挥手问好。刚开始我只是在有东西要修的时候才进去,后来我发现自己呆在他的店里或隔几天去拜访

一下完全是为了和他聊天,享受他带来的快乐。

11他身材高大,多年工作弄得有点驼背,不多的头发已经灰白,脸上皱纹纵横。他个性鲜明,但从不严苛。此外,我尤其记得他那双动人的黑眼睛,洋溢着和善、快乐与幽默。

12他是我见过的最快乐的人。经常,他站在店门口,朝着大街,一边修理鞋子,一边高声清晰地唱着动听的曲子。街坊们戏称他为“鞋匠歌手”。周边的孩子都喜欢他,他时不时会停下工作去调解争吵或者分发糖果。他不能容忍欺凌弱小,坚持让孩子们在他店前面公平游戏。

13有一天,因为几个油漆匠把我的房子弄得不像样子,我怒气冲冲地从家里出

来。路过他的小店时,已是朋友的他冲我招手,我便走进他的店里发泄郁闷。听我气愤地诉说现今工人工作糟糕,粗心马虎。“他们对自己的工作没有荣誉感,”我说,“他们只想挣钱却不想做事。如今这种不负责的态度简直就是一种罪过。”14他安慰我说:“身边有许多那样的人,不过我们或许不要太急于怪罪他们。可能他们的父母就对自己的工作没有自豪感。这对孩子来说很不好,让他们没法知道什么东西才是重要的。”

15“对此我们能做什么呢?”我问。

16回答之前他想了一会儿,然后认真地看着我,“只有一个办法。一个人如果没有光荣传统可以继承,那他/她就必须开始去建立一个。在这个国家,我们每个人都能为社会建设做出自己的贡献,我们必须努力把它做好。不管一个人做什么样的工作,只要我们每天都把它做到最好,我们就在为自己的孩子建立一个可遵循

的传统。当一个人修正自己的方式并学会以自己的工作为荣时,快乐的一生就会随之而来。”

17我在外出差了几个月,一回来就上街,期望再见到我的朋友。可是我到那儿时却发现门关着,一张小告示上写着“取鞋请到隔壁店”。

18我走进隔壁店里,听到的消息让我心如刀绞。是的,这位老人已经过世了。两周前他突然患了传染病,两天后就去世了。

19离开时,我心里空落落的,痛苦不已。我会很怀念他,非常地怀念。不过他已给我留下了一些东西——一句我将永远牢记的隽语:“如果你继承了一个光荣传统,就必须把它传承下去;如果你没有,那现在就开始建立一个。”

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如今,很多年轻人不再选择“稳定”的工作,他们更愿意自主创业,依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。青年创业(young entrepreneurship)是未来国家经济活力的来源,创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活。从长远来看,对于国家更是一件好事,创业者正是让中国经济升级换代的力量。尤其是在当前,国家鼓励大众创业,万众创新,在政策上给予中小企业支持,这更加激发了年轻人的创业激情。 Nowadays, many young people no longer choose “stable” jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people’s life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China’s economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people’s enthusiasm to start their own businesses.

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NNCE Book3课后翻译参考答案 Unit1 英译中原文:Global citizen is someone who identifies with being part of an emerging world community and whose actions contribute to building this community's values and practices. Global citizenship believes that humankind is essentially on and each individual has the power to change things. In our interdependent world, global citizenship encourages us to recognize our responsibilities toward each other and learn from each other. Global citizens care about education, disease, poverty, and environmental issues around the world. Today, the forces of global engagement are helping some people identify themselves as global citizens who have a sense of belonging to a world community. This growing global identity in large part is made possible by the forces of modern information, communications and transportation technologies. Global citizenship aims to empower people to lead their own action. Along with the knowledge and values that they have gained from learning about global issues, people need to be equipped with the necessary skills to give themselves the ability and confidence to be pro-active in making a positive difference in the world. Keys:世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子,而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体,任何个人都有改变事物的能力。在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中,世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任,并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。在当今,全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识,让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲,要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量,让他们付诸行动,世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观,还要拥有必需的技能,使他们拥有能力和自信,积极推动世界的发展。 汉译英原文:如今,很多年轻人不再选择" 稳定" 的工作,他们更愿意自主创业,依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。青年创业(young entrepreneurship)是未来国家经济活力的来源,创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活,从长远来看,对于国家更是一件好事,创业者正是让中国经济升级换代的力量。尤其是在当前,国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新,在政策上给予中小企业支持,这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。 Keys:Nowadays, many young people no longer choose "stable" jobs. they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people's life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China's economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people's enthusiasm to start their own businesses.

新视野大学英语3第三版课文翻译

新视野大学英语3第三版课文翻译 Unit 1 The Way to Success 课文A Never, ever give up! 永不言弃! As a young boy, Britain's great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill, attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a good student, and had he not been from a famous family, he probably would have been removed from the school for deviating from the rules. Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not preclude him from going on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career whereby he was later elected prime minister. He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage in his refusal to surrender during the miserable dark days of World War II. His amazing determination helped motivate his entire nation and was an inspiration worldwide. Toward the end of his period as prime minister, he was invited to address the patriotic young boys at his old school, Harrow. The headmaster said, "Young gentlemen, the greatest speaker of our time, will be here in a few days to address you, and you should obey whatever sound advice he may give you." The great day arrived. Sir Winston stood up, all five feet, five inches and 107 kilos of him, and gave this short, clear-cut speech: "Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! Never, never, never, never!" 英国的伟大首相温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士,小时候在哈罗公学上学。当时他可不是个好学生,要不是出身名门,他可能早就因为违反纪律被开除了。谢天谢地,他总算从哈罗毕业了,在那里犯下的错误并没影响到他上大学。后来,他凭着军旅生涯中的杰出表现当选为英国首相。他的才思、智慧、公民责任感以及在二战痛苦而黑暗的时期拒绝投降的无畏勇气,为他赢得了美名。他非凡的决心,不仅激励了整个民族,还鼓舞了全世界。 在他首相任期即将结束时,他应邀前往母校哈罗公学,为满怀报国之志的同学们作演讲。校长说:“年轻的先生们,当代最伟大的演说家过几天就会来为你们演讲,他提出的任何中肯的建议,你们都要听从。”那个激动人心的日子终于到了。温斯顿爵士站了起来——他只有5 英尺5 英寸高,体重却有107 公斤。他作了言简意赅的讲话:“年轻人,要永不放弃。永不放弃!永不放弃!永不,永不,永不,永不!” Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas - none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success. No task is too hard. No amount of preparation is too long or too difficult. Take the example of two of the most scholarly scientists of our age, Albert Einstein and Thomas Edison. Both faced immense obstacles and extreme criticism. Both were called "slow to learn" and written off as idiots by their teachers. Thomas Edison ran away from school because his teacher whipped him repeatedly for asking too many questions. Einstein didn't speak fluently until he was almost nine years old and was such a poor student that some thought he was unable to learn. Yet both boys' parents believed in them. They worked intensely each day with their sons, and the boys learned to never bypass the long hours of hard work that they needed to succeed. In the end, both Einstein and Edison overcame their childhood persecution and went on to achieve magnificent discoveries that benefit the entire world today. Consider also the heroic example of Abraham Lincoln, who faced substantial hardships,

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