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(完整word版)中考英语专题讲练：被动语态(含解析)

被动语态

知识精讲

一、被动语态

语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语

态两种。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是谓语动

词所表示的动作的承受者。

被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语

态。汉语往往用“被、受、给”等被动词来表示被动意义。其结构是由“助动词be+及物

动词的过去分词done”构成的。be本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化，其变化与时

态中的变化一致。

各种时态的被动语态结构表（以动词do为例）：

时态被动语态例句

The classroom is cleaned by us.

一般现在时am/is/are+ done

教室被我们打扫。

The kite was made by him yesterday.

一般过去时was/were+ done

昨天，风筝被他制作。

Flowers are being watered by her.

现在进行时am/is/are+ being+ done

花儿现在正在被她浇。

The work has been finished by Jim.

现在完成时have/has +been+ done

工作已经被做完。

二、被动语态的用法

1. 不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。例：

The bridge was built last year. 这座桥是去年建造的。

He was elected chairman. 他被选为主席。

2. 当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需

要时可以省略。例：

The room hasn’t been cleaned yet. 房间还没有打扫。

The tiger was killed by him. 老虎被他杀死了。

3. 当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。例：

The window was blown by wind. 窗户被风吹开了。

The whole village has been washed away by the flood. 整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。

三点剖析

一、考点：被动语态的句子结构和用法。

二、重难点：谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义：

1. 英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，

wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物。

例：This kind of cloth washes well.

这种布料很好洗。

2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break

out, come out, come true, run out, give out, turn out 等，以主动形式表示

被动意义。

例：How do the newspapers come out?

这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？

3. 系动词没有被动形式，但感官系动词feel, sound, taste, look, smell在主系表

结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。

例：Your reason sounds reasonable.

你的理由听起来很合理。

三、易错点：

1. 在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear等后面不定

式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加上介词to。

例：The great news made her feel happy. 可改为

She was made to feel happy by the great news.

Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为

A stranger was seen to walk into the building.

2. 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用

于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

例：The meeting is to be put off till Friday.

这场会议将会推迟到周五。

3. “动词+宾语+宾补”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余

不动。

例：Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为

The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.

4. 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为

主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

例：His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为

He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.

题模精选

题模一：主动语态变为被动语态

例1.1.1主动语态变为被动语态：

I have bought a ten-speed bicycle.

____________________________________________

例1.1.2主动语态变为被动语态：

The old man is watering flowers in the garden.

____________________________________________

例1.1.3主动语态变为被动语态：

The boy always plays the computer games at night.

____________________________________________

题模二：基本用法

例1.2.1The boy _________ to get supper ready after school.

A．were told B．is telling

C．was told D．tells

例1.2.2This dictionary mustn’t_________ from the library.

A．take away B．taken away

C．are taken away D．be taken away

随堂练习

随练1.1将下列句子变成被动语态。

1. They threw away the old book yesterday

____________________________________________

2. He had written a letter to his mother.

____________________________________________

3. People have seen the bear in this village.

____________________________________________

4. The workers are repairing the bridge.

___________________________________________

5. You shouldn’t bring dictionary to the English exam.

___________________________________________

随练1.2This kind of books sells well. They_________ already.

A．sold out

B．have sold out

C．are sold out

D．have been sold out

随练1.3---Your coat looks nice. Is it _________ wool?

---Yes. It is_________ Australia.

A．made of, make by

B．made of, made in

C．made for, made in

D．made from, made by

随练1.4The pizza _________ by my mother. Would you like to have some? A．makes B．was making

C．made D．was made

随练1.5The classroom must _________ every day.

A．be kept clean

B．be kept cleaning

C．keep cleaned

D．keeps clean

随练1.6A．talk on Chinese history_________ in the school hall next week. A．is given B．has been given

C．will be given D．gives

随练1.7Our house_________ now.

A．is paint

B．is being painted

C．is got painted

D．has got to paint

自我总结

课后作业

作业1将下列句子变成被动语态。

1. Have you posted the letters yet?

___________________________________________

2. I must do all the exercise in time.

___________________________________________

3. We are discussing the project at the meeting.

___________________________________________

4. Every year our office holds a flower show in the park in April.

___________________________________________

5. He had finished the work by the end of last term.

___________________________________________

作业2Mary_________ show me her new dictionary yesterday.

A．was asked to B．has asked to

C．is asked D．asks to

作业3The People’s Republic of China _________ on October 1, 1949.

A．found B．was founded

C．is founded D．was found

作业4This English song _________ by the girls after class.

A．often sings B．often sang

C．is often sang D．is often sung

作业5Waste paper shouldn’t _________ here.

A．throw B．be thrown

C．to be thrown D．to throw

作业6 A new house _________ at the corner of the road now. A．is being built B．is building

C．been built D．be build

作业7His new book_________ next month.

A．is being published

B．is publishing

C．will be published

D．has been published

答案解析

被动语态

题模精选

题模一：主动语态变为被动语态

例1.1.1

【答案】A．ten-speed bicycle has been bought by me.

【解析】考查被动语态。现在完成时被动语态的结构是has/have been done。例1.1.2

【答案】The flowers are being watered in the garden by the old man.

【解析】考查被动语态。现在进行时被动语态的结构是is/are/am+ being done。

例1.1.3

【答案】The computer games are played by the boy at night.

【解析】考查被动语态。一般现在时被动语态的结构是am/is/are + done。

题模二：基本用法

例1.2.1

【答案】C

【解析】考查被动语态。再由句意可知是男孩被告知去做某事，was +done。故选C。例1.2.2

【答案】D

【解析】考查被动语态。再由句意可知是字典禁止从图书馆被带走。含有情态动词的被动语态mustn’t +be+ done。故选D。

随堂练习

随练1.1

【答案】 1. The old book was thrown by them yesterday.

2. A．letter had been written to his father by him.

3. The bear has been seen by the people on this village.

4. The bridge is being repaired by the workers.

5. The dictionary shouldn’t be brought to the English exam.

【解析】 1. 考查被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态was/were+ done。

2. 考查被动语态。过去完成时的被动语态had been+ done。

3. 考查被动语态。现在完成时的被动语态has/have been+ done。

4. 考查被动语态。现在进时的被动语态is/am/are +being +done。

5. 考查被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态shouldn’t+ be done。

随练1.2

【答案】D

【解析】考查被动语态。already是现在完成时的时间状语，并且books与sell out 是被动关系。再由句意“这种书卖的很好。他们已经被卖光了。”可知，故选D。

随练1.3

【答案】B

【解析】考查被动语态。be made of由…制成，be made in在…国家被做。再由句意“—你的外套看起来很漂亮，它是由毛制成的吗？—是的，它被产于澳大利亚。”可知，故选B。

随练1.4

【答案】D

【解析】考查被动语态。pizza与make是被动关系。再由句意“披萨被妈妈做（过去的时间），您想要吃一些吗？可知，故选D。

随练1.5

【答案】A

【解析】考查被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态must be done。再由句意“教室每天必须保持清洁。”可知，故选A。

随练1.6

【答案】C

【解析】考查被动语态。next week 是一般将来时的时间状语。Chinese history与give是被动关系。故选C。

随练1.7

【答案】B

【解析】考查被动语态。now是现在进行时的时间状语。house与paint是被动关系。故选B。

作业1

【答案】 1. Have the letter been posted yet?

2. All the exercises must be done in time.

3. The project is being discussed by them at the meeting.

4. Every year a flower show is held by our office in the park in April.

5. The work had been finished by the end of last term.

【解析】 1. 考查被动语态。现在完成时的被动语态has/have been+ done。

2. 考查被动语态。带有情态动词的被动语态must be+ done。

3. 考查被动语态。现在进行时的被动语态is/am/are being+ done。

4. 考查被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态is/am/are+ done。

5. 考查被动语态。过去完成时的被动语态had been+ done。

作业2

【答案】A

【解析】考查被动语态。yesterday是一般过去时的时间状语。由句意可知，主语“玛丽”与ask之间是被动关系，was asked to do sth. 故选A。

作业3

【答案】B

【解析】考查被动语态。on October1, 1949是一般过去时的时间状语。The People’s Republic of China 与found(建立)是被动关系。was+ done。故选B。

作业4

【答案】D

【解析】考查被动语态。often是一般现在是的时间状语。song与sing 是被动关系。sing的过去分词是sung。is often+ done。故选D。

作业5

【答案】B

【解析】考查被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态shouldn’t be +done。Waste paper 与throw是被动关系。故选B。

作业6

【答案】A

【解析】考查被动语态。now是现在进行时的时间状语。new house与build是被动关系。build的过去分词是built。is being+ done。故选A。

作业7

【答案】C

【解析】考查被动语态。next month是一般将来时的时间状语。book与public是被动关系。wiil be+ done。故选C。

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Your work must be finished today.你们的工作必须今天完成。常见时态（含情态动词）的被动语态被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。常见时态（含情态动词）的被动语态的构成如下：

现在兀成时动词情态动will be+过去分词 The sports meeting will be held tomorrow. 运动会将于明天举行。 have/has been+ The bank has been built.银行已经建成过去分词了。 +be+过去分词 The bike can't be put here.这辆自行车不能被放在这里。

【考点训练1】 l.Today Chinese(teach) in many schools around the world. 2.Some famous paintings(show) in the hall next week. 3.A new school(set up) in my hometown last year. 4,一How often do I need to feed the dog? ——It food every day,or it will be hungry. ( ) A.may give B.may be given C.must give D.must be given 答案：is taught will be shown was set up D 【被动语态的特殊结构】种类构成例句

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The bookhad been borrowedwhen I got to the library.我到了图书馆时,那本书已经借出去了。 2.主动语态与被动语态的转换（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词），根据被动语态句子里主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。如：All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory. He cut down a tree. →A tree was cut down by him. 3.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 We can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. →It should be done at once. 4.含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态主动语态:主语+谓语动词+间接、直接宾语+其他

【2019年备考】中考英语语法专题复习—被动语态专题

被动语态学习目标:掌握被动语态结构以及时态变换预习导学：举例把字句和被字句知识梳理一．被动语态的句法功能 1. 当不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 e.g.: Japanese is taught in that school. (类似warming up中的“饭吃过了”，英汉说话习惯的相似性) 2. 当需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。 e.g.: Her book will be brought tomorrow morning. 看图学知识，来发挥你的潜力吧，找到主动变被动语态的小技巧！！ He can carry the basket.

The basket can be carried by him. They can sing some beautiful songs. Some beautiful songs can be sung by them. 总结：上面例句的小规律： △主动语态变为被动语态的方法：主动语态：主语+ 谓语动词+ 宾语（执行者）（承受者）被动语态：主语+ be + 过去分词（+ by + 执行者）（承受者）一般省略【例题精讲】例1.Children (not allow) to play frightening games. 例2.The Great Wall (know) by people all over the world. 例3.All the buildings (turn) into hospitals recently. 例4.How long can these magazines (keep)? Keys:1.aren’t allowed 2.is known 3.have been turned 4.be kept 【课堂练习】提高题： 1. The vegetables (plant) in the fields next week. 2. The soldier was very ill when he (operate) on by Dr. Bethune. 3. The password of your email box should (memorize). . 4. Liquids can (turn) into gases if their temperatures (make) hot enough. 5. The next morning they (find) that some trees (blow) down during the night.

初中被动语态详细讲解

语法专练---被动语态一、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many p eople speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了）四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people. They make t he bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made b y them in the factory.

初中英语被动语态的讲解

初中英语被动语态的讲解定义：英语中有两重语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态中的主语是动作的执行者，被动语态中的主语是动作的承受者，即主动语态中的宾语。所以只有及物动词才有被动语态。规则：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。第一，助动词be 要随着人称和数的变化而变化，第二，助动词be 要随着时态的变化而变化。一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化以do 为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2）was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 3）shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 4）am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here． 5）was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there. 6）should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 7）has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 8）had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July. 2．被动语态句型变化肯定句主语+be+过去分词，否定句主语+be not+过去分词，一般疑问句Be+主语+过去分词，特殊疑问句疑问词+be+主语+过去分词。 3.被动语态的特殊形式 1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 双宾语结构。主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍

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初中被动语态语法讲解 (一)语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如: Tｈey ｗill ｂuild a neｗｂｒidgｅoｖeｒthe rivｅr. (主动） A nｅw bｒｉdge will be buｉlt over the river.（被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用: 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在ｂｅ的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态,列表如下：一般现在时:am ／is/ arｅ＋donｅ一般过去时：ｗａs／wｅrｅ＋ｄonｅ一般将来时：ｓhａll/ wｉｌl +ｂe ｄｏne 一般过去将来时:sｈould ／woulｄ+ beｄoｎe 现在进行时:am / iｓ／are+ beinｇ+ done 过去进行时:wａs / were +ｂeiｎｇ+ done 现在完成时:have ／ｈａｓ+been+ ｄｏne 过去完成时：hａd + beｅn + done 将来完成时：sｈall /will+ ｈave bｅeｎ＋done 过去将来完成时:shouｌd / would +ｈａve been +doｎe [注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。（三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)Ｐeople gｒow rice iｎｔｈe south of tｈｅcountry. Rｉce is grown iｎthe ｓouth ｏf tｈe cｏuntｒy. （2)Theｓcｈｏoｌdoesn't alloｗus to entｅr the ｃhｅmistry lab wiｔhout a teaｃher. Wｅarｅｎoｔａllｏwed ｔo enter ｔｈe chemistry laｂwithｏuｔa teacｈer. 2．一般过去时： (1)They agrｅｅd on the ｂuiｌdｉｎg of a nｅw car facｔoryｌasｔmoｎtｈ. Ｔhｅbuildingｏf ａnew car ｆactory ｗaｓagreｅd on last moｎth. (2)Tｈｅstｕdenｔs diｄn't ｆorｇet hiｓｌeｓsoｎs easily． Hｉｓlessoｎs wｅｒeｎｏt easiｌy forｇotｔen 3.一般将来时： (1）Tｈeｙwill sｅｎｄcａrs ａbrｏａd by sea． Caｒｓwｉll ｂｅsenｔａbroａd ｂy sea．（2)Theｙｗillｇｉve plｅnty of jｏｂs ｔｏschｏoｌ-lｅavers． Plentyｏf jobs wｉll be giveｎtｏschoｏl-leavｅrs． 4．过去将来时:

初中英语被动语态的教案

被动语态授课人：授课时间：一、语态概述英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 判断：你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？ We call the doctor. People don’t play football here. The truck was cleaned yesterday. Mr Chen teaches us English. The classroom was cleaned. 二、被动语态的构成：be+动词的过去分词+by sb（be+done) 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught 含有情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must/should... +be done

歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。三、主动变被动的方法口诀：主变宾，宾变主，By 句尾跟 Be 字变，Vpp跟后面一、选择题（2×15=30分）一、选择题（2×15=30分） ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton（棉花）____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees ____ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.

新初中英语语法知识—被动语态的图文解析(2)

一、选择题 1．—When can we go to watch the football match? —Not until the work________tomorrow. A．will be done B．has done C．is done D．does 2．Nick a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didn't take it. A．is offered B．offered C．was offered D．has offered 3．His plays by millions of people. A．read B．will read C．are read D．is read 4．It's said that petrol(石油) _____________ in less than 100 years. So we should try to walk more instead of driving cars. A．used for B．will be used up C．used up D．will be used for 5．The Wandering Earth wins high praise from the public. I think the movie is well worth _____. A．watch B．to watch C．watching D．watched 6．Last year, the first made-in-China ballpoint pen tips（圆珠笔笔头）were _________ by Taiyuan Iron（铁）&Steel. A．divided B．required C．produced 7．When Tim ________ why he was late for school, he just kept silent. A．was asked B．asked C．was asking D．is asked 8．This special pen _________ for writing large size words. A．use B．uses C．is using D．is uesd 9．A new zoo in our town center next month. I think it will be a good place for the teenagers to see the animals. A．build B．will build C．will be built 10．—Zheng Yuan, why did you go on a vacation to Weifang? — You know I'm a fan of kites. The international kite festival _____there in April every year. A．is held B．was held C．will be held 11．The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________. A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented 12．May to the party. She enjoyed herself with us. A．invites B．is invited C．was invited D．has invited 13．Too much water________ every day in the world. We should save it. A．wasted B．are wasted C．is wasted D．was wasted 14．We hope that more trees________in our city next year. A．plant B．were planted C．planted D．will be planted 15．All the kids here .

2019年中考英语被动语态专题

2019年中考英语被动语态专题 (详细语法讲解+真题实战练习) 一、课程介绍知识点： ①一般现在时被动语态 ②一般过去时被动语态 ③一般将来时被动语态 ④含情态动词的被动语态 ⑤主动语态变被动语态几种特殊情况教学重点： ①一般现在时被动语态 ②一般过去时被动语态 ③一般将来时被动语态教学难点： ①主动和被动情况的判定 ②被动语态某些特殊情况二、知识精要语态概述:英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 ①主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 e.g. Many people speak Chinese. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 ②被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。 e.g. Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现

出来的。 e.g. Many trees are planted by people every year. ③主动语态和被动语态的转换 a. 将主语句的宾语变为被动句的主语，若主动句的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变为主格。 b. 谓语动词变为被动形式，即be+及物动词的过去分词形式，注意时态保持一致 c. 将主动句的主语与变为被动句的宾语，主格变为宾格，并由by引导主语为动作的承受者时，表示被动语态。 Tom eats an apple. (主动语态） An apple is eaten by Tom. (被动语态) 1、一般现在时被动语态一般现在时被动语态结构：am／is／are＋done e.g. We’re influenced by his ideas. 我们仍然被他的思想所影响 e.g. It is still read and loved by people all over the world. 它仍然被全世界的人们所读和喜爱。 2、一般过去时被动语态一般过去时被动语态结构：was／were＋done e.g. In those days, books were only produced one at a time by hand. 在那个年代，书是靠手工制作的，一次只能制作一本 3、一般将来时被动语态一般将来时被动语态结构：will be＋done e.g. Their photos will be put up on the school website. 他们的照片将被公布在学校的网站上书将会被网络取代吗？ e.g. Will books be replaced by the internet? 4、情态动词被动语态情态动词被动语态结构：情态动词（can\must\should等）+ done

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