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英汉翻译教程

英汉翻译教程
英汉翻译教程

英汉翻译教程

——上海外语教育出版社1、John can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game.

约翰为人可靠,他既忠诚又正直。

2、He who would eat the nut must first crack the shell.(前置)

要吃核果,必先敲壳。(要享受果实,必先劳动。)

3、They fought so bravely that the invasion was crushed in

seventy-two hours.(后置)

他们打得勇敢,七十二小时内就粉碎了敌人的入侵。(后置)

We worked fast and well, so that we overfulfilled our production plan. (后置)

我们工作得又快又好,超额完成了生产计划。(后置)

4、He is the last man to come.

他是最后来的。

He is the last man to do it.

他是绝不会干那件事。

He is the last person for such a job.

他最不配干这个工作。

He should be the last (man) to blame.

怎么也不该怪他。

He is the last man to consult.

根本不宜找他商量。

This is the last place where I expected to meet you.

我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你。

5、He was a man of integrity, but unfortunately he had a certain

reputation. I believe the reputation was not deserved.

他是一个正直诚实的人,但不幸有某种坏名声。我相信他这个坏名声是不该有的。

6、He had lied to me and made me the tool of his wicked deeds.

他欺骗了我,使我成了进行罪恶勾当的工具。

7、As a demanding boss, he expected total loyalty and dedication

from his employees.

他是个苛刻的老板,要求手下的人对他中心耿耿,鞠躬尽瘁。

8、Those who do not remember the past are condemned to relive it.

凡是忘掉过去的人注定要重蹈覆辙。

9、I am afraid I can’t teach you swimming. I think my little brother is

a better teacher than I.

我未必会教你游泳。我想我的小弟弟比我教得好。

Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of young man’s past wrong doing.

在和儿子谈话时,老人宽恕了年青人过去所干的坏事。

10、“Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the

step, across the veranda, and into the porch.

“来啦!”她转身蹦着跳着地跑了,越过草地,跑上小径,跨上

台阶,穿过阳台,进了门廊。

11、As he ran out, he forgot to have his shoes on.

他跑出去时,忘记了穿鞋子。

She opened the window to let fresh air in.

她把窗子打开,让新鲜空气进来。

12、We took brief, restless naps, struggled to understand the

intermittent broadcasting of Radio Prague,…

我们短短地、不安地睡了几次,竭尽想听懂布拉格电台断断续

续的广播······

13、He is physically weak but mentally sound.

他身体虽弱,但思想健康。

14、This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine.

这部打字机真是价廉物美。

A new kind of aircraft---small, cheap, pilotless---is attracting

increasing attention.

一种新型的飞机正在越来越引起人们的注意---这种飞机体积不大,价钱便宜,无人驾驶。

He is a complicated man---moody ,mercurial, with a melancholy streak.

他是一个性格复杂的人---喜怒无常,反复多变,有些忧郁寡欢。

15、Don’t take it seriously. I’m just making fun of you.

不要认真嘛!我不过开开玩笑罢了。

As for me, I did n’t agree from the very beginning.

我呢,从一开始就不赞成。

16、Into the dim clouds was swimming a crescent moon.

一钩新月渐渐隐没在朦胧的云彩里去了。

17、Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own.

从别人的失败中吸取教训比自己从失败中吸取教训更好。18、The blow hurt not only his hands but his shoulder too.

这一下不仅震痛了他的手,也震痛了他的肩膀。

For a good ten minutes, he cursed me and my brother,

足足有十分钟之久,他既骂我,又骂我兄弟。

19、But his wife kept dinning in his ears about his idleness, his

carelessness, and the ruin he was bringing on his family.

可是他老婆不断地在他耳朵边唠叨个没完,说他懒惰,说他粗心,并且说他一家人都要毁在他的身上。

20、Come to my office and have a talk with me whenever you are free.

你什么时候有空,就什么时候到我办公室来谈一谈。

21、He wanted to send them more aid, more weapons and a few more

men

他想给他们增加些援助,增加些武器,增派些人员。.

22、He was proficient both as a flyer and as a navigator

他既精于飞行,有善于导航。.

23、Every change of season, every change of weather, every hour of the

day produces some change in the magical hues and shape of these mountains; and they are regarded by all good wives, far and near, as perfect barometers.

季节的每一更迭,气候的每一转变,乃至一天中的每一个小时都给这些山峦的奇幻色彩和形态带来变化,远近的主妇都把这些看作是准确的晴雨表。

24、But there had been too much publicity about my case.

但我的事先在已经搞得满城风雨,人人皆知了。

25、I had been completely honest in my replies, withholding nothing.

我的回答完全是坦坦荡荡,直言无隐。

25、Only a very slight and very scattering ripples of half hearted

hand-clapping greeted him.

欢迎他的只有几下轻轻地、零零落落、冷冷淡淡的掌声。26、With his tardiness, carelessness and appalling good humor, we

were sore perplexed.

他老是磨磨蹭蹭,马马虎虎,脾气又好得惊人,我们都对他毫无办法。

27、I was admittedly shy.

我是以腼腆胆怯著称的。

28、It was a bright September afternoon, and the streers of New York

were brilliant with moving men.

这是九月的一个晴朗的下午,纽约的大街上,人来人往,五光

十色。

29、If this was a time of triumph for the many, it was a painful period

for the few.

多数人兴高采烈之日,确实少数人伤心失意之时。

30、He sat there and watched them, so changelessly changing, so bright

and dark, so grave and gay.

他坐在那注视着,觉得眼前的景象,既是始终如一,又是变化多端,既是光彩夺目,又是朦胧黑暗,既是庄严肃穆,又是轻松愉快。

31、She went, with her neat figure, and her sober womanly step, down

the dark street.

她顺着黑暗的街道走去,显出(·······)利落匀称的身材,迈着(·······)端庄的女人的步子。

32、If winter comes, can spring be far behind?

冬天来了,春天还会远吗?

33、The horse is a useful animal.

马是有益的动物。(省略表示类别的定冠词the)

34、He went into the insecure building.(反面表达)

他走进那所危楼。(正面表达)

他走进那所不安全的大楼。(反面表达)

35、He knew he was mortally ill.(副词)

他不知道他得的事不治之症。(形容词)

36、This would cover my absence from the base.(名词)

这就为我不在基地地提供了合法外衣。(动词)

37、Without reasoning one is apt to be beyond control.(前置词)

没有理智容易变成不受约束。(动词)

38、Such a chance was denied me.

我没有得到这样一个机会。

39、The subversion attempts proved predictably futile.

不出所料,颠覆活动证明毫无效果。

40、It was beyond his power to sign such a contract.

他无权签订这种合同。

41、The guerrillas would fight to death before they surrendered.

游击队员宁愿战斗到死,而决不投降。

42、Both sides thought that the peace proposal was they could accept

with dignity.

双方认为,那和平建议是一个他们可以接受而不失体面地建议。

43、It was said that someone had sown discord among them.

据说有人在他们中间搞挑拨离间。

44、Don’t lose time in posting this letter.

赶快把这封信寄出去。

45、The examination left no doubt that the patient had died of cancer.

调查结果清清楚楚说明病人死于癌症

46、Students, with no exception, are to hand in their papers this

afternoon.

今天下午学生统统要交书面作业。

47、The significance of these incidents wasn’t lost on us.

这些事件一起了我们的重视。

48、Such flights couldn’t long escape notice.

这类飞行迟早会被人发觉的。

49、Ashurst saw at once that Phil was not all right.

爱舍斯特马上看到菲尔出了毛病。

50、He shook his head and his eyes were wide, then narrowed in

indignation.

他摇了摇头,两目睁得圆圆的,接着又眯成一条线,脸上露出了愤怒的神色。

51、Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, a universally accepted

law.

能量既不能被创造也不能被消灭,这是一条普遍公认的规律。

52、I wrote four books in the first three years, a record never touched

before.

我头三年写了四本书,打破了以往的记录。

53、It was on the early morning of April 2, 1971.The pilots were

briefed in the ready room.

一九七一年四月二日清晨,飞机驾驶员都在待命室接受飞机任务。

54、His father had a small business in the city of Pisa. This city is in the

north of Italy near the sea.

他的父亲在意大利北部近海的比萨开小铺。

55、In 1844 Engels met Marx,and they became friends.

一八四四年恩格斯于马克思相遇并成了朋友。

56、The time was 10:30,and traffic on the street was light.

十点三十分的时候,街上来往的车辆稀少了。

57、On their domestic stations events in the Middle East were

dismissed briefly.

在他们国内电台的广播中,中东事件只轻描淡写地报道了一下。

58、It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or

not.

他参加不参加会议没有多大关系。

59、It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the

crash.

驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后,竟然还能活着,这看来是不可想象的。

60、It was obvious that I had become the pawn in some sort of top level

power play。

真奇怪,她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。

61、That was how a small nation won the victory over a big power.

就这样,小国战胜了大国。

62、I was, to borrow from John Le Carre, the spy who was to stay out in

the cold.

借用约翰·勒卡雷的话来说,我成了一个被打入冷宫的间谍了。

62、If she did not speak with Rebecca on the tender subject, she

compensated herself with long and intimate conversation with Mrs.

Blenkinsop, the house keeper, who dropped some hints to the lady’s-maid, who may have cursorily mentioned the matter to the cook, who carried the news ,I have news, I have no doubt,to all the tradesmen.

她不好和丽贝卡谈这个难于出口的问题,只好和管家娘子白兰

金索泊太太亲密地谈了好几回。这个管家娘子露了些口风给上

房女佣人。上房女佣人也许略微对厨娘说了几句。厨娘一定又

去告诉了所有那些做买卖的。

63、It was an old woman, tall and shapely still, though withered by

time, on whom his eyes fell when stopped and turned.

他站住,转过身来,定眼一看,是个年迈的妇女,她身材很高,仍然一副好模样,虽然受了时间的折磨而有点憔悴。

64、We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of

light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night.

我们知道由于猫的眼睛比我们人的眼睛能吸收更多的光线,说

以猫在黑夜页能看得清楚。

65、There was something original, independent, and heroic about the

plan that pleased all of them.

这个方案富于创造性,独处心裁,很有魄力,所以使他们都很喜欢。

66、He insisted on building another house, which he had no use for.

他坚持要再造一幢房子,尽管他并无此需要。

67、Men become desperate for work, any work, which will help them

to keep alive their families.

人们极其迫切地要求工作,不管什么工作,只要它能坚持一家人的生活就行。

68、If she had long lost the blue-eyed, flower-like charm, the cool slim

had purity of face and form, the apple-blossom colouring which had so swiftly and oddly affected Ashurst twenty-six years ago, she was still at forty-three a comely and faithful companion, whose cheeks were faintly mottled, and whose grey-blue eyes had acquired a certain fullness.

如果说他早已失掉了那蔚蓝色的眼睛的、花儿般的魅力,也失掉了她脸儿和身段的那种玉洁冰清、苗条多姿的气质和那苹果花似的颜色---二十六年前这种花容月貌曾那样迅速而奇妙地影响过艾舍斯特---那么在四十三岁的今天,她依旧是给好看而忠实的伴侣,不过两颊淡淡地有点儿斑驳,而灰蓝的眼睛也已经有点饱满了。

69、A gentleman’s agreement 君子协定

An olive branch 橄榄树枝

The sword of Damocles 悬挂在达摩克里斯头顶上的剑

The open-door policy 门户开放政策

The most-favored-nation clause 最惠国条款

The position-of-strength policy 实力地位政策

Shuttle diplomacy 穿梭外交

Blood is thicker than water 血浓于水

A rolling stone gathers no mess 滚石不生苔

70、To praise to the skies 捧上天去

To fish in troubled waters 浑水摸鱼

To add fuel to the fire 火上加油

To be on thin ice 如履薄冰

Walls have ears 隔墙有耳

Strike while the iron is hot 趁热打铁

A drop in the ocean 沧海一粟

To laugh off one’s head 笑掉牙齿

To shed crocodile tears 猫哭老鼠

To be out an elbows 捉襟见肘

To spend money like water 挥金如土

At sixes and sevens 七颠八倒;乱七八糟

Six of one and half a dozen of the other 半斤八两

One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. 一个和尚挑水吃,两个和尚抬水吃,三个和尚没水吃。

71、the teenagers don’t invite Bob to their parties because he is a wet

blanket.

青少年们不邀请鲍勃参加他们的聚会因为他是一个令人扫兴的人。

72、Among so many well-dressed and cultured people, the country

girl felt like a fish out of water.

同这么多穿着体面而又有教养的人在一起,这位乡下姑娘感到很不自在。

73、To break the ice, Ted spoke of his interest in mountain climbing,

and they soon had a conversation going.

为了打破沉默,特德说自己对爬山有兴趣,这样他们很快就交谈起来。

74、She was born with a silver spoon in her mouth; she thinks she

can do what she likes.

她生长在富贵之家,认为凡是都可随心所欲。

75、But the die was cast, he could not go back.

但事已决定,不容翻悔。

76、When he dined with his sister that evening, Madeline helped

herself to a cigarette from his pack on the table, and lit and smoke it inexpertly. He defiant, self-satisfied, somewhat pathetic air made Warren laugh. “When the cat’s away, hey?”

he said.

他跟他妹妹那天一起吃晚饭的时候,梅德林从桌上他的烟盒里取了支香烟,点了火,不太在行地抽了起来。她那种倔强的、自满的、有点惹人爱怜的神气引得华伦哈哈大笑。“猫不在了,嘿!”他说。

77、The mere thought of appearing before a crowd frightened me.

只要一想到要在大庭广众之前露面就使我胆战心惊。

78、When they met again, each had already been married to anther.

原译:他们重新见面时,一个已是“使君有妇”,一个已是“罗敷有夫”了。

改译:他们重新见面时,一个已是“有妇之夫”,一个已是“有夫之妇”了。

79、But as the door banged, she seemed to some to life again.

可是当门砰地关上的时候,她好像又清醒过来了。

(动词附加语)All was quiet and still except for the distant tinkling of a piano.

除了远处一架钢琴的叮当叮当声外,万籁俱寂。

(名词附加语)“Hold him by the nose, dearie, then he’ll splutter and wake

up.”

“捏住他的鼻子,阿妹,他就会呼噜呼噜地醒过来啦。”

(动词附加语)

80、The train puffed towards Tokyo from Sendai.

火车从仙台开向东京。

81、The train whistle tooted.

火车汽笛响了。

The screeching of the brakes got on my nerves.

煞车声刺激了我的神经。。

The underground train was humming.

地铁在响。

82、The frogs in the fields outside the town were croaking cheerfully.

请外在城郊田野里起劲地叫着。

The cock in the yard crowed its first round.

院子里的雄鸡已经叫头遍了。

The moment he rushed in, the hens chucked and the dogs barked.

他一进门,鸡也叫,狗也咬。

83、Zigurd fell asleep almost immediately.

祖格德几乎到头就呼呼睡了。

The kids are crying loudly.

孩子们哇哇大哭。

There were no sounds but that of tread of the men and the footsteps of the two shaggy ponies which drew the van.

那时候,只听见沙沙的脚步声以及拉车的那两匹鬃毛蓬松的小马得得的马蹄声,除此之外,再也听不到别的声音了。

汉英翻译教程

汉英翻译教程

第一章 汉英语言对比 相关参考: 翻译教学和研究的经验表明:翻译理论和技巧必须建立在不同语言和文化的对比分析基础上。英汉互译的几项基本原则和技巧,如选词(Diction)、转换(Conversion)、增补(Amplification)、省略(Omission)、重复(Repetition)、替代(Substitution)、变换(Variation)、倒臵(Inversion)、拆离(Division)、缀合(Combination)、阐释(Annotation)、浓缩(Condensation)、重组(Reconstruction),以及时态、语态、语气、习语、术语等的译法,都集中地体现了英汉的不同特点。机器翻译是让计算机按照人们所制定的程序和指令进行不同语言的对比转换,也离不开对比分析。翻译之所以困难,归根结底是因为语言差异和文化差异。因此,对比、分析和归纳这些差异,便是翻译学的重要任务。 不同语言的对比分析不仅有利于教学和翻译,也有助于语言交际。通过对比分析,人们可以进一步认识外语和母语的特性,在进行交际时,能够有意识地注意不同语言各自的表现方法,以顺应这些差异,防止表达错误,避免运用失当,从而达到交际的目的。 ——连淑能,《英汉对比研究》 纪德是最理解莎士比亚的法国作家之一。在他看来,“没有任何作家比莎士比亚更值得翻译”,但同时,“也没有任何作家比他更难翻译,译文更容易走样”。纪德对莎士比亚的理解是双重的,既是精神的,也是语言的。他在与莎士比亚的相遇与相识中,经历了一系列的考验。对他在翻译中经历的这番历史奇遇,他曾在为七星文库出版的《莎士比亚戏剧集》撰写的前言中作了详尽的描述:描述了两种文化与两种语言之间的遭遇,也揭示了翻译中译者所面临的种种障碍。 纪德首先看到的,是语言与文化层面的逻辑性,这涉及到不同语言的思维方法。他说:“莎士比亚很少考虑逻辑性,而我们拉丁文化缺了逻辑性就踉踉跄跄。莎士比亚笔下的形象相互重现,相互推倒。面对如此丰富的形象,我们可怜的译者目瞪口呆。他不愿意对这种绚丽多彩有丝毫遗漏,因此不得不将英文原本中用仅仅一个词表示的暗喻译成一个句子。原来像蛇一样紧紧盘成一团的诗意,如今成了松开的弹簧。翻译成了解释。逻辑倒是很满意,但魅力不再起作用。莎士比亚的诗句飞跃而过的空间,迟缓的熊虫一瘸一拐才能走完。”在紧密的逻辑与丰富的形象之间,英语与法语的天平有所侧重,在两者的遭遇中,译者的无奈与局限源于文化与语言的巨大差异。 头脑清醒的纪德没有丝毫责备英语或莎士比亚的语言的意思,相反,在翻译莎士比亚的戏剧中,他充分意识到了母语的缺陷。他说:“只有在接触外语时,我们才意识到本国语言的缺陷,因此,只会法语的法国人是看不到缺陷的。”他的这一观点与德国作家歌德的观点几乎是一致的。异之于我,可作一明镜,从异中更清楚地照清自身。在这个意义上,与异语文化的接触,有助于认识母语与母语文化的不足。看清了自身的不足,便有可能从异语异文化中去摄取营养,弥补自身,丰富自身。 在艰难的翻译中,纪德亲历了种种障碍,他结合翻译中的具体例证,作了某

郭著章《英汉互译实用教程》(第4版)教材配套题库-第5章 翻译常用的八种技巧【圣才出品】

第5章翻译常用的八种技巧 5.1 重译法 一、英译汉 1. It may seem strange to put into the same packet an industrial revolution and two political revolutions. But the fact is that they were all social revolutions. 【译文】把一场工业革命同两次政治革命归作一类似乎有点奇怪,但事实上这三次革命都是社会革命。 2. Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals, and they characterise all the Industrial Revolution. 【译文】在修建英国的运河网的过程中,有两点是非常突出的,而这两点也正是整个工业革命的特点。 3. The canals were arteries of communication: they were not made to carry pleasure boats, but barges. 【译文】运河是交通的动脉,开运河不是为了走游艇,而是为了通行驳船。 4. James Brindley was a pioneer in the art of building canals or, as it was then called, ‘navigation’. 【译文】布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者,当时人们把开凿运河叫做navigation。

5. Several factors accounted for this extraordinary achievement. One was the expansion into the west. Another was the application of machinery to farming. 【译文】取得这一特殊成就有几方面的原因:第一个原因是向西部的扩展,第二个原因是机器在农业上的应用。 6. …for the establishment of agricultural and industrial colleges. These were to serve both as educational institutions and as centers for research in scientific farming. 【译文】……以便建立农业和工业学院。这些学校一方面是教育机关,另一方面,也是农业科学的研究中心。 7. …This is nothing li ke back home in Colorado. We have rains there, too. Thunderstorms in spring and summer... 【译文】……这跟家乡科罗拉多的情况迥然不同。科罗拉多也下雨。春夏两季雷雨交加……【解析】原文第二句用there代替in Colorado,而译文重复“科罗拉多”。 8. The world watches. The world listens. The world waits to see what we will do. 【译文】全世界在注视着。全世界在倾听着。全世界在等待着看我们将做些什么。 9. As you said in your toast, the Chinese people are a great people, the American people are a great people.

英汉翻译教程试题

高等教育自学考试冲刺模拟试卷一 (英语专业) 英汉翻译教程(三) Part One I.Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1.For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home. A.对英国来说,我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份把这带到了家。 B.对英国来说,我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织把我们送到了家。 C.对我们英国来说,我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们对这一点深有感触。 D.对我们英国来说,我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份使我们如鱼得水。 2.So now he contrived an eager, ingratiating smile, which he bestowed on Mr. Squires. A.因此他就装出急切的、迷人的笑,并投向史奎尔先生。 B.因此他就装出殷切的、拍马的笑,并把这笑赠予史奎尔先生。 C.因此他就对史奎尔先生装出一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 D.因此他就给史奎尔先生设计了一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 3. People disappear in that river every year, one of the policemen said to me that afternoon, half in dismay, half in frustration. A. 这条河里年年都有人消失,”当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 B. 这条河里年年都要死人,”当天下午一个警察半是沮丧,半是失意地对我说。 C. 这条河里年年都要死人,”当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 D. 年年都有人消失在这条河里,”当天下午警察中的一个半是沮丧,半是失意地对我说。 4. As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase environmental law ” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from many lawyers.

大学汉英翻译教程-Note

Chapter one 2012-3-27 ?翻译可分为口译interpretation和笔译translation。 ?Interpretation can be divided into two types: one is consecutive interpretation, another is simultaneous interpretation. ?翻译三原则(George Washington Campbell,Alexander Fraser Tytler) 1.原作的意义、意思 2.原作的思想、精神 3.流畅、通顺 ?翻译方法1.直译literal translation 2.意译free translation 3.音译transliteration ?山雨欲来风满楼The coming events cast their shadows before. 才学最差,叫喊最多The worst wheel of a cart creaks most. 与……狼狈为奸hand in glove with… 乱七八糟at sixes and sevens 千载难逢once in a blue moon 路必有弯,势必有转机It is a long lane that has no turning. 家丑不可外扬It is an ill bird that fouls its own nest. ?The main principles of TRANSLITERA TION 1.准确读音 2.正确拼写姓名拼写中姓与名要空一格首字母要大写eg. Pu Songling 地名拼写中首字母大写不空格eg. Fujian Guangdong Xi’an 一般来说除地名人名之外其他专有名词英译时首字母要大写如汉Han; 一般名词要小写 3.弄清词源有些词需要追溯到最初发音以利于音译eg.菩萨Bodhisattva 4.约定俗成eg. 孙中山Sun Y at-sen 宋庆龄Soong Ching Ling 陈嘉庚Tan Kah Kee 5.准确回译eg. 纽约New Y ork 6.缩略语复原eg. 闽Fujian 武大Wuhan University Chapter two 2012-3-28 ?The classification of CULTURE 1.物质文化material culture 2.制度文化institutional culture 3.心理文化mental culture ?中英思维方式对比 1.中国人注重伦理,英美人注重认知 2.中国人注重整体、偏重综合性思维;英美人注重个体、偏重分析性思维 3.中国人重直觉,英美人重实证 4.中国人重形象思维,英美人重逻辑思维 Chapter three 2012-3-31 ?词语的指称意义与蕴含意义的对比 1.指称意义是词语在交际过程中所表达的字面的最基本的意义,相当于一种约定俗 成的认知 2.蕴含意义的理解与表达eg:His wife was unfaithful to him, and he became a cuckold. 他老婆红杏出墙,给他戴了顶绿帽子。此处注意红和绿。?词语英译与语言语境 1.根据语言语境确定原文词义:“醉心于……”be engrossed in褒be infatuated with 贬 2.根据语言环境选择译文用词:①Mum gave a book as my birthday present .

(完整版)大学英语翻译全教程(完美版)练习与作业

翻译理论与实践课作业 天津科技大学外语学院 作业一:字词的翻译 一、词的理解 1.一词多义: wet She had a wet nurse for the infant Elliot. If you think I am for him, you are all wet. She wet her pants at the news. State state and revolution, state of the union the united states. 3.词义引申:抽象化、具体化 Every life has its roses and thorns. She stood there chewing over the strange thing. The engine sounds good. At 23, he had first learned what it is to be a Negro. 4.词的褒贬:comment Alice was excited as a child, delighted to be once more the center of the comment. But what a comment, she could not help reflecting, on her own charms. He walked around the room. He then stopped and looked around, “comment” ? 5.词的轻重:看词类、看场合、看句型、看习惯等等。Through;free He slept the night through. There is a through train to Beijing. Through this way, they finished the task. She is free with her money. I made her free of my library. 二、词义的表达 1.直译法 dark horse Hot dog Forbidden fruit 暴发户半边天红卫兵 2意译法 blue jacket the yellow leaf Wet blanket 炒鱿鱼下海白拿 3.直译意译结合法 the apple of one’s eye as dull as a goose Once in a blue moon as cool as a cucumber Black sheep as timid as a rabbit 4.音译法

实用英汉翻译教程答案

实用英汉翻译教程答案 【篇一:大学英语实用翻译教程练习答案】 s=txt>第二章第一节 练习一:p10 一、 1.保护人类基因健康是个比较严峻的问题,但这不过是问题的一 个方面而已。 2.这些是科学家和技术专家研制的机器和产品。 3.科学已成为力量的一种源泉,不只是适宜于幻想的题材了。 4.建造和装饰宫殿、教堂和寺院的款项都由经商的富户承担支付。 5.查理一世和下议院的争吵已到了紧要关头,后来内战爆发,并 在白厅把斯图尔特王朝的君主送上了断头台。 6.在开辟第二战场之前,美国步兵精神饱满,营养充足,还没有 在战斗中受过创伤。 练习二:p16 一、 1.已经拟就一张至今已教过的所有动词的表。 2.每天从全国各地传来各行各业取得伟大成就的消息。 3.城乡之间的差别依然存在。 4.那一年,建立了旨在促进研究和试验的英国航空学会。 5.这里出版的报纸谴责侵略者屠杀大批无辜人民。 6.凡是成功的科学家常常把注意力集中在他发现尚未得到满意解 答的问题上。 练习三:p19 1.所有植物组织和动物组织主要由碳化合物、水和少量的矿物质组成。 2.他们并不认为有必要提供学生经常使用的名词化规则和构造使役句的规则。 3.各种族集团的文化特性、民间传说、神话和信仰都是根据文化进化规律起源于每一个集团的内部。 4.个别国家的科学努力可能将由跨国机构来进行统一和协调。 5.解放前,这个城市的垃圾和苍蝇一向无人过问,结果经常发生地方性病疫。

6.他是美国印第安人作家、演讲家和争取印第安人权利运动的活动家。 第二章第二节 练习一:p26 一、 1.我原先以为这部机器不过是一种没有什么价值的玩具。 2.第二天一早,饱饱地吃了一顿早餐之后,他们便动身了。 3.你愿意别人如何待你,你就应该如何待别人。 4.这部打印机真是物美价廉。 5.我七岁时就会织毛衣。 6.钢铁制品常常涂上油漆以免生锈。 二、 1.he who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. 2.before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved. 3.the ear is the organ which is used for hearing. the nose is used for smelling. and the tongue is used for tasting. 4. modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 5.as it was getting quite dark, we decided to stop at that temple for the night. 6.internet is so convenient that we can find any information with the click of the mouse. 练习二:p30 一、 1.勇敢过度,即成蛮勇;感情过度,即成溺爱;俭约过度,即成贪婪。 2.她苏醒过来,看见周围一张张笑脸。 3.柯达321a型微胶片阅读器操作简便,功能齐全,结构紧凑,造型美观。 4.海洋与其说是分隔了世界,不如说是连接了整个世界。 5.他这次旅行既有军事上的目的,又有政治上的目的。 6.我希望这次会议不要开得太久,太久了只会浪费时间。 二、

实用汉英翻译教程 参考答案

Beidaihe Seaside Resort The Beidaihe Seaside Resort, a famous summer resort in China, lies 15 kilometers southwest of Qinghuangdao. With the Bohai Sea to its south and the Lianfeng Mountains to its north, the resort enjoys a long coastline, fine beaches and a calm sea, ideal for bathing. Moreover, the weather at the seaside is mild all the year round with the temperature in the hottest month averaging only 23°C. The sea wind by day and the land breeze by night make the place a best summer vacationland. The natural charm of Beidaihe is breathtaking. The East and West Lianfeng Mountains with their luxurious pines and cypresses and grotesque rocks extend far into the distance. In front of the mountains lies a vast expense of ocean stretching to the horizon while beautiful villas and buildings dot the green landscape. On the East Lianfeng Mountain, a rock looks just like a lotus flower, and two other rocks on the West Lianfeng Mountain, standing face to face, resemble two persons having a conversation. Meng Jiangnu Temple Meng Jiangnu Temple, 6.5 kilometers to the east of Shanhaiguan Pass, was first built in 1594, the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli of the Ming Dynasty. Legend has it that the husband of a women named Meng Jiangnu was sent to work on the Great Wall. To bring him winter clothes, Meng Jiangnu came to Shanghaiguan Pass from thousands of miles away. When she was told that her husband had died at work, she cried her heart out. Her tears of anguish bust the Great Wall and she jumped into the sea and died. Later, a temple was built in memory of her. It stands on the top of a hill, with stone steps leading to it. There are two halls in the temple. In the front hall stands the clay statue of Meng Jiangnu in plain white clothes, facing the sea with a sorrow look. In the rear hall is the statue of the Goddess of Mercy. Behind the hall is the “Rock of Waiting for the Husband”, the marks on which are said to be Meng Jiangnu’s footp rints. Nearby stands her Dressing Pavilion. Beijing-Toronto Hotel/Jinglun Hotel Beijing-Toronto is located on Jiangguomenwai Avenue, downtown Beijing, in the vicinity of the embassy quarters, Friendship Store and a number of major commercial buildings, with the world-famous Tian An Men Square only ten minutes away. Beijing-Toronto has 659 spacious rooms and suites, with wide comfortable beds. They are all equipped with modern facilities such as central air-conditioning, color TV with satellite transmitted programs, IDD and DDD calls and mini-bars, meeting international standards. In our room, one cannot help but feel cozy, comfortable and satisfied.

英汉互译教程要略

英汉互译教程总复习 1.Joint military exercises have increased in the region, to the detriment of trust between countries. 联合军事演习在本地区有增无减,不利于国家间建立信任。 2.This old man gets up and goes to bed with the sun everyday. 这位老翁每天黎明即起,日落而息。 3.A nearby object falling into a black hole is never heard of again. 附近的天体一旦落入黑洞,就会销声匿迹。 4.我们应该抢时间赶任务。 We should work against the clock. 5.These hospital expenses made inroads on my savings. 这些住院费耗掉了我大部分积蓄。 6.They killed a bottle of Kaoliang between them. 他们二人对酌,把一瓶高粱酒喝得一干二净。 7.When it came to reading, they were as good as blind. 一拿起书本,他们可都成了睁眼瞎了。 8.Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。 9.人们笑贫不笑娼。 People ridicule poverty but not prostitutes. 10. Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷。 11.They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them. 他们拼着命地逃跑。 12.People were born survivors. 人的生存能力是与生俱来的。 13.这个环境工程是个“民心工程”。 The environment-friendly project is a “popularity-winning” project. 14. 语言这东西不是随便可以学好的,非下苦功夫不可。 The mastery of a language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. 15. 会议开得冷冷清清,有时甚至开不下去了。 The meetings were marked by such absence of living discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up. 16. They pay lip-service to education but don’t work for better schools. 他们口惠而实不至,口口声声支持教育,却又不肯为改善学校条件做一些实际工作。 17.Unemployment has stubbornly refused to contract for more than a decade. 失业人数高居不下,已经十多个年头了。 18.有些厕所似乎仍是这次卫生大扫除活动的死角。 Some toilets seem immune to the clean-up campaign. 19. 这个摊贩叫卖道:“快来买呀,过了这村可没这个店啦。” The street peddler hawked, “Now or never!” 20. Why carry coals to Newcastle? 何必多此一举? 21.You’re just teaching your grandmother how to suck eggs. 你这是在班门弄斧。 22.His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness. 主人对他的冷淡使他更加不自在。 23.I could have laughed to hear him talk like this.

王治奎《大学英汉翻译教程》【笔记课后习题及翻译示例汇总考研真题详解】(文学翻译)

第18章文学翻译 18.1 复习笔记 一、文学翻译的标准 对于文学翻译的要求是,“用另一种语言,把原作的艺术意境传达出来,使读者在读译文的时候能够像读原作时一样得到启发、感动和美的感受”。 钱钟书把文学翻译的最高标准概括为一个“化”字。 二、文学翻译的过程 借鉴茅盾的有关解释,把文学翻译过程分为三个阶段: (1) 理解阶段; (2) 印证阶段; (3) 表达阶段。 在表达阶段强调的内容是: (1) 必须使用文学语言; (2) 尽量保持原作风格; (3) 力求内容和形式的辩证统一。 三、文学翻译须使用文学语言 这里仅介绍英文小说翻译的几个侧面:

1. 文学语言具有准确、形象、生动、自然等特征,译者应根据原作的艺术意境和语言特色,在译文里寻找适当的语言形式,使之文情并茂。 Daffodils all along the hedgerow swung like yellow, ruffled birds on their perches. 清风徐徐,沿灌木篱笆旁的水仙花轻轻地摇摆着,颇似栖息的鸟儿掀动着金黄色羽毛。 2. 运用娴熟的汉语,再现人物语言的形象化和个性化,使译文产生“如闻其声,如见其人”的艺术效果。 “Say, some tenderness, that!” This is reference to a smile or a melting glance on the part of a female. “唷,瞧那样多温存!”这说的是一位女性的嫣然一笑,或者回眸传情。 3. 凭借自己的审美体验,深刻理解原作的艺术美,进而形神兼备地再现这种艺术美。 四、加强文学翻译的基本功训练 有兴趣于或有志于从事文学翻译的青年,可在课内外分门别类地选做一些练习,以集中提高某些方面的表述能力。 18.2 课后习题详解 将下列英文译成汉语: 1. One morning, in the fall of 1880, a middle-aged woman, accompanied by a young girl of inquiry as to whether there was anything a- bout the place that she could do. She was of a helpless, fleshy build, with a frank, open countenance and

英汉翻译基础教程练习答案

汉英翻译基础教程 第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2) 第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4) 第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9) 第四章动词的翻译 (11) 第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12) 第六章成语的英译 (13) 第七章修辞格的翻译 (17) 笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19) 第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20) 第十章换序和转态译法 (23) 笫十一章断句合句译法 (25) 笫十二章长句的翻译 (27) 第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29) 第十五章风格与翻译 (30) 第十六章语用与翻译 (32)

第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 第一节翻译中的选义 一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a 二、译出下列词语,注意词语的不同搭配 1. a swarm of bees a brood of chickens a litter of pups 2. a bevy of beautiful ladies a pack of hounds a team of ducks a herd of antelopes 3. unfailing support proactive fiscal policy make effective use of overseas resources 4. make a phone call take a taxi knit a woolen sweater fetch water play basketball spray insecticide 5. basic wage capital construction essential commodity primary industry fundamental interest 三、翻译下列句子,注意画线词语的理解 1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern 2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public. 3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan. 4. Everyone complained against such a practice. 5. They had a dispute at the meeting. 6. You should follow the doctor's advice. 7. They reached a consensus on this issue. 8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.

英汉翻译教程张培基【完整版】

《英汉翻译教程》 第一章总论 翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确完整地重新表达出来的语言活动。 (张培基等1983) 我国早期典籍《周礼·秋官司寇》篇里就有―象胥‖(谓通言语之官)这一名目,唐朝贾公彦所作的《义疏》里提到―译即易,谓换易言语使相解也。‖这条注疏,关于翻译的定义,足以给人不少启发。用现代文艺理论和语言理论,也许可以诠释为:翻译是把一种语言文字换易成另一种语言文字,而并不变更所蕴含的意义,——或用近年流行的术语说,并不变更所传递的信息,——以达到彼此沟通,互相了解的目的。 (罗新璋1984) 一、关于翻译 何谓翻译?关于翻译的定义很多。根据《现代汉语词典》,翻译是―把一种语言文字的意义用另一种语言文字表达出来‖。根据《剑桥语言百科全书》,―翻译‖这个中性术语是指将一种语言(―原语‖)里的词句的意思转变为另一种语言(―目的语‖)的意思所做的一切,不论其手段是说话、写字还是做手势。美国著名翻译理论家奈达认为,所谓翻译,是指从语义到语体在译语中用最切近而又最自然的对等语再现原语的信息。(《奈达论翻译》,1984)有人把翻译看作是一门科学(science),因为它有自身的规律可循;有人看作是一门艺术(art),因为它是译者对原文再创造的过程;也有人看作是一门手艺(craft),因为原语的信息需要用地道恰当的目的语再现。在自动化数据处理中,翻译又被定义为:―将计算机信息从一种语言转换成另一种语言,或将字符从一种表示转换成另一种表示。‖(《现代科学技术词典》上海科学技术出版社1980)凡此种种,不一而足。但是,在经济和文化日益全球化的今天,翻译的重要性是有目共睹的。 翻译是国际间理解的钥匙,据说西欧的文明归功于翻译者(据L·G·凯里1979)。季羡林教授也说,翻译是永葆中华文明青春的万应灵药。前中国驻联合国代表凌青先生说,从中国来讲,没有翻译工作,就没有中国***和中国近代的革命运动,就没有中国成功的对外开放和四个现代化;从世界范围来讲,没有翻译,就没有世界和平,就没有各种国际交往,就没有一个共同繁荣的美好世界的未来。中国加入WTO后,翻译的重要作用就更是不可忽视。经济竞争是在交际中进行,而没有翻译在场,交际就很难进行,交际不成,生意就做不成。因此,翻译的作用,再怎么强调也不过分。 关于翻译的种类可以从下面几个角度来划分: (1)从原语和目的语的角度来看,翻译可分为本族语译为外语,外语译为本族语两大类。 (2)从翻译的手段来看,可分为口译、笔译、手势翻译和机器翻译。

英汉翻译教程(英语易)

《英汉翻译教程》翻译理论·固定短语·单元小结一卷通Unit 1 Stories 译学点滴:翻译的标准 译学点滴:怎样读懂原文 Unit 2 History 译学点滴:把握全篇而后译 译学点滴:“Readability” Unit 3 Geography 译学点滴:提高文字水平无止境 译学点滴:用知识武装自己

Unit 4 Economy 翻译理论简介:佛经翻译鸠摩罗什1对佛经贡献 2 翻译倾向 玄奘1对佛经贡献 2主张 翻译理论简介:严复与“信、达、雅”严复1翻译标准 2 《天演论》及其他译作 翻译理论简介:林纾1《巴黎茶花女遗事》及其他译作 2在中国文学发展史上的作用 3钱中书对林译的评论 Unit 5 Culture 翻译理论简介:鲁迅与1译作概述 2对翻译工作的态度 3主张宁信而不顺,凡是翻译,必须兼顾2面 一当二当瞿秋白与鲁迅关于翻译的通信 翻译理论简介:郭沫若与1关于理想翻译的论述 2 主张“翻译工作者必须有” 茅盾1主张“直译,同时保留” 2 1954年关于文学翻译的论述

Unit 6 Literature (1) 翻译理论简介:傅雷1对于翻译工作的态度 2主张“重神思不重形似” 翻译理论简介:关于风格1 周洵良关于风格的论述 2 周洵良对“雅”的解释“”翻译理论简介:王佐良1关于直译与意译的论述 Unit 7 Literature (2) 翻译理论选读:(1) Cicero西塞罗《论演说术》 (2) Saint Jerome 哲罗姆《论最优秀的翻译》 翻译理念选读:Tytler’s Three Principles泰特勒《论翻译的原则》我国对泰特勒三原则的介绍和评论 Unit 8 Popular Science 翻译理论选读:不应该这样翻译马克思的著作恩格斯 翻译理论选读:确切翻译的原则费道罗夫《语言和翻译》

大学英语翻译全教程第一讲(完美版)

翻译理论与实践 (以《英语翻译教程》南开大学出版社为基础) 第一讲翻译概述 一、翻译的概念 1.广义的翻译指语言与语言、语言与非语言等代码转换和基本信息的传达。它包括不同语言间的翻译(如英汉互译)语言变体间的翻译(如古今语言、不同方言的互译)、语言与其他交际符号的转换(如把交通规则画成交通标志)。他对翻译的内容只强调“基本信息”,不强调“完全的忠实”。也有翻译家提出“理解也是翻译”的理论,这就把语言与思维也包括在广义的翻译里了。 2.狭义的翻译指语言活动,是把一种语言所表达的内容中式地用另一种远表达出来。这个定义强调“是一种语言活动”,表明它是人类多种交际方式中语言交际的沟通;强调“一种语言到另一种语言”,排除了同一语言间各变体的互译;强调“忠实地”,避免了翻译与释义或改写的混淆。 奈达(Eugene Nida)“Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and second in terms of style.”(Nida & Taber: The Theory and Practice of Translation) 我们的翻译课讲的就是狭义的翻译,并专指“书面表达内容”,以区别于有独特之处的口译(interpretation)。 二、翻译的分类 1.从所涉及的代码性质看,可分为语内翻译(intralingual translation)、语际翻译(interlingual translation)和语符翻译(intersemiotic translation)。语内翻译是同一种语言见不同语言变体的翻译,如把古汉语译成现代汉语,把黑话译成一般语言(雷子,一方);语际翻译是不同语言间的翻译,是狭义翻译研究的对象;语符翻译是用非文字符号解释文字符号,如图画、手势、音乐符号等。 2.从方向上看,我国的翻译可分为外译汉、汉译外。 3.从手段上看,翻译可分为口译、笔译和机器翻译。 4.从题材,即所译资料的性质上看,可分为文学翻译(literary translation),如小说、诗歌、戏剧等,和实用翻译(pragmatic translation),科技资料、法律文件、新闻、公文等。当然两者都可以进一步再分。如小说翻译、新闻翻译等。 5从翻译的模式上看,可分为全译、编译、缩译(节译)、摘译、改译。 a)编译是翻译与编订的结合,是指把所需材料选编、翻译过来,一般不加如译者的观点,所据材料 可以是一种也可以是多种,常用于实用性资料的翻译中,如说明书,介绍。 b)缩译也叫节译,是翻译与缩写的结合,近似于编译,但一般要求原材料是一种。(如金教授《尤利 西斯》的节译与选译之争) c)摘译是翻译与摘录的结合,是比缩译更简约的一种获取资料的方法。 d) 改译,是翻译和创作的结合,如文学作品可以增删一些情节(迦因小传),体裁也可有所改动,如 原文是戏剧可改译成小说(如朱生豪把莎士比亚的诗体译成散文体)。 补充资料:口译 口译依进行的方式,可分为同声传译以及交替传译两大类。 ●同声传译 所谓同声传译(Simultaneous Interpreting),是指译员以几乎与讲者同时的方式,做口语翻译,也就是在讲者仍在说话时,同声传译员便“同时”进行翻译。由于同声传译员必须一边接收来自讲者的讯息,一边将讯息尽快传递给听者,因此“一心多用”这样的分神能力(Multi-tasking),是译员的训练重点。 同声传译经常应用于一般的正式国际会议中,通常口译员会坐在位于后方的“口译室”(Booth)中,透过耳机以及视线或视讯接收讲者的讯息,然后对著麦克风进行翻译,而坐于会场中的听众,

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