21世纪大学实用英语综合教程课文翻译及课后习题答案unit1

Unit 1

误会

佚名

他头发蓬乱，衣着肮脏，口袋里只有35美分。在马里兰州的巴尔的摩，他登上一辆公共汽车并径直走向了洗手间。他想如果他躲在洗手间里，便可以不付钱就乘车去纽约。但是坐在公共汽车后面的一位乘客看见了他。她拍了拍她前面那位乘客的肩膀说：“洗手间里有个流浪汉。告诉公共汽车司机。”那位乘客轻轻地拍了一下坐在他前面的人，说道：“告诉公共汽车司机，洗手间里有个流浪汉。

这口信通过一个又一个的乘客传到了公共汽车的前边。但在这一过程的某个环节，口信变了。当它传到公共汽车司机那儿时，已经不是“洗手间里有个流浪汉”，而是“洗手间里有颗炸弹”。司机马上在公路边停下车来并用无线电通知了警察。当警察到达时，他们让乘客下车并且远离汽车。然后他们关闭了那条公路。那很快就造成了15英里长的交通堵塞。警察在警犬的帮助下，在公共汽车上搜查了两个小时。当然，他们没有发现什么炸弹。

两个发音相似的英语单词给一个想从洛杉矶飞往加利福尼亚州奥克兰的人也造成了麻烦。他的问题始于洛杉矶机场。他以为听到广播中宣布了他的航班，所以他走向登机门，出示了机票并登上了飞机。起飞20分钟后，这人开始担心起来。奥克兰在洛杉矶的北边，但是飞机似乎正在向西飞，而当他向窗外望去时，他所能看到的全是大海。“这架飞机是去奥克兰吗”他问航班服务员。航班服务员倒抽了一口冷气，“不，”她说。“我们去奥克兰——新西兰的奥克兰。”

因为有这么多英文单词发音相似，讲英语者之间的误会并不罕见。并非所有的误会都会导致公路关闭或乘客飞错大陆。大多数误会远没有这么严重。每天讲英语的人会相互问这样的问题:“你是说七十还是十七”“你是说你能来还是不能来”发音相似的单词对把英语作为第二语言的人来说，特别容易让人混淆。

一天早晨，一位生活在美国的韩国妇女到上班地点时，她的老板问她：“你拿到盘子了吗” “没有……”她回答说，心里却在纳闷，不知道他到底是什么意思。她在办公室工作。老板为什么问她盘子的事呢一整天她都对老板的怪问题感到纳闷，但又不好意思开口问他。到了5点，当她准备回家时，她的老板说:“明天请准时上班。你今天早晨迟到了15分钟” “对不起，”她说。“我的车发动不起来，而且……” 突然她停止了讲话并开始微笑起来。她这时才明白老板并没有问她“你拿到盘子了吗”他问的是“你是不是起来晚了”

Auckland 和Oakland。“一个盘子”和“起晚”。当发音相似的单词引起误会时，也许最好的处理方式就是一笑了之并从错误中吸取教训。当然，有时候很难笑得出来。那个没到Oakland却去了Auckland的人是不会想笑的。但即使是那场误会，最终的结局也还不错。那家航空公司支付了那人在新西兰的旅馆住房和用餐的费用，还支付了他飞回加利福尼亚的费用。“ 哦，还好，”那人后来说，“我一直就想要看看新西兰的。”

答案

5

1. passengers

2. immediately

3. similar

4. wonder

5. continent

6. traffic

7. misunderstandings

8. embarrassed

9. flights

10. common

11. serious 12. searched

6

1. got on

2. head for

3. tapped on the shoulder

4. pull over

5. resulted in

6. feel like

7. By the time

8. turn out all right

9. in the end 10. instead of

7

1. By the time I got home, I was too tired to do anything active.

2. The two girls look too similar for people outside the family to tell them apart from each other.

3. What in the world does mm stand for The abbreviations that people use on the BBS are too confusing for me to understand.

4. Because of TV, most people have become too lazy to make the effort to go to the cinema.

5. Anne made a serious mistake yesterday because the test gave her too little time to decide on the correct choice.

8

1. until I have really learnt the basics of the language.

2. until the end of the book

3. until they have finished their speeches

4. until my teacher explained them in class with several examples

5. until I saw Sam Ward leave the building

6. until he got on a city bus

9

1. Because of the heavy snow, the passengers had to wait at the airport until midnight when the snow stopped.

2. Twenty minutes after the train started, the two boys found that they had got on

a train heading for Hangzhou instead of their hometown, Suzhoul.

3. Similar-sounding English words often result in misunderstandings among English-speaking people.

4. The driver heard an unusual sound from the car engine, so he pulled over immediately to check, but it turned out all right in the end.

5. Mr. Lee felt very embarrassed when he realized that he had made a very common mistake among speakers of English as a second language.

6. Mary felt like learning English and hoped she could learn it quickly, but soon found it was too difficult for her to learn in a short period of time.

10

1. giving us heat and light

2. ranging in age from 4 to 16

3. Being invited to speak here

4. your encouraging words

5. sitting between Mary and Tom

6. leaving today’s work for Tomorrow

7. playing in the playground

8. taking a break

9. leaving me alone

10. taking mechanical things apart

英语之奥秘

凯利?亨西克

英语有何奥秘之处让我们来瞧瞧。

为什么我们有这么多发音相同，但是拼写不同、意义也不同的词

如: way（路）— weigh （称…的重量),

hear(听见) — here (这里),

stair(梯级) — stare(凝视),

do(做）— dew（露水),

red(红的）— read（读过),

ate（吃过）— eight(八）。

为什么我们有拼写相同但发音不同、意义也不同的词看看这些词中你能读对几个

1. 比利将把自己的礼物赠送给汤姆。

2. 我反对把那样东西留在这里。

3. 我估计这一估计数会太高。

4. 那只鸽子很快地从空中俯冲而下。

5. 法官今天将宣判那名囚犯有罪。

6. 既然你靠得那么近，那就请你关上门吧。

在第一次尝试中你读对了多少让我们来看看拼写相同、读音相同但意义不同的词。

1. 我走过那块跳板登上船。

2. 我试图用我的球拍把那只蝙蝠赶走。

3. 我因为天气寒冷而感冒了。

4. 这一只虫子真的开始烦扰我了。

5. 一些城镇实际上跟边界接界。

明白了吗下面这个又怎么样呢“ough”至少有七种发音方法：

dough(生面团), cough (咳嗽), hiccough (打嗝儿),

plough (犁), through (通过), rough (不平滑的),

thorough (彻底的）。

还有一些完全没有道理的词，如：

1. “corned beef”（咸牛肉）中的“corn”（“玉米”）在哪里

2. “eggplant”（“茄子”）中的“egg” （“蛋”）在哪里

3. 为什么“grapefruit”(“柚子”)不是“fruit from the grape”(“葡萄的果实”)

4. 为什么“boxing ring”(“拳击台”)是“square”(“方的”)

5. 某人怎么会“beside himself”（“神志失常”）

一旦你学到了英语的基础的东西，你可能认为英语就是这样了，但是大多数美国人讲的又是另一种语言。

下面是一个外国交换留学生抵达他将住宿的家时的一个小故事。在学过基础英语之后，想象一下他的困惑吧。

“欢迎来到大苹果城。希望你在这里不会如鱼离水感到不自在。我们一直在急切地盼着你来。我们以为你也许会感到胆怯或什么的。哦,别介意我的小弟弟贾森；他今天只是有点坐立不安。妈妈本来会打发他出去玩的，但又认为他能够帮助打破冷场。他有时候会非常有趣。这是你的房间；它干干净净，一尘不染。我本来为咱们今天作了许多安排，但后来我突然想到，你可能需要一些时间来恢复精力。”

你是否仍然认为英语没什么奥秘英语之奥秘就在于任何人都能学会这种语言！你能想出多少此类“单词之谜”呢

14

1. mysteries

2. mysterious

3. meanings

4. stared

5. estimate

6. imagined

7. figured 8. board 9. pronounce 10. weighed 11. presented 12. object

15

1. Take a look

2. get right

3. objected to

4. at least

5. makes no sense

6. beside himself

7. dawn on

8. think of

大学英语Unit 1 课文翻译

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新视野大学英语第四册Unit 1课文翻译 艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。 成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。 对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢！”他们的担心不无道理。追求出人头地，最乐观地说也困难重重，许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。 尽管如此，希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。 享受成功的无上光荣，这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。 成名者之所以成名，大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长，并能形成自己的风格。 为了能迅速走红，代理人会极力吹捧他们这种风格。他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。 他们究竟是怎么成功的，大多数人也都说不上来。 尽管如此，艺术家仍然不能闲下来。 若表演者、画家或作家感到无聊，他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力，也就难以保持公众的注意力。 公众的热情消磨以后，就会去追捧下一个走红的人。 有些艺术家为了不落伍，会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动，但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。 公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。 知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来，如田纳西·威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特·海明威的情节安排、罗伯特·弗罗斯特或 T.S.艾略特的诗歌等。 同样，像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家，希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。 他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革，这让他们名利双收， 但也让他们付出了代价，那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。 名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。骗局很快会被揭穿，过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以承受。 它让你失去自我。你必须是公众认可的那个你，而不是真实的你或是可能的你。 艺人，就像政客一样，必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众。 一滴名气之水有可能玷污人的心灵这一整口井，因此一个艺术家若能保持真我，会格外让人惊叹。 你可能答不上来哪些人没有妥协，却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜。 一个例子就是爱尔兰著名作家奥斯卡·王尔德，他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对，却依然故我，他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。 在一次宴会上，他一位密友的母亲当着他的朋友和崇拜者的面，指责他在性方面影响了她的儿子。 他听了她的话以后大为光火，起诉了这个年轻人的母亲，声称她毁了自己的“好”名声。 但是，他真该请一个更好的律师。 结果是，法官不仅不支持他提出的让这个女人赔偿他名声损失费的请求，反而对他本人进行了罚款。 他由于拒交罚款最终还被送进了监狱。更糟糕的是，他再也无法获得更多公众的宠爱。 在最糟糕的时候，他发现没有一个人愿意拿自己的名声冒险来替他说话。 为保持真我，他付出的代价是，在最需要崇拜者时，谁也不理他。 奇怪的是，收获最大的恰恰是失败者。他们收获了自由！ 他们可以自由地表达，独辟蹊径，不落窠臼，不用担心失去崇拜者的支持。 失败的艺术家寻求安慰时，可以想想许多伟大的艺术家都是过世多年以后才成名，或是他们没有出卖自己。

大学英语一翻译

1. 1) As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 那是个正规宴会，我照妈妈对我讲的那样穿着礼服去了。 2) His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.他的女友劝他趁抽烟的恶习尚未根深蒂固把它改掉。 3) Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.他们预料到下几个月电的需求量很大，决定增加生产。 4) It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.据说比尔因一再违反公司的安全章程而被解雇。 5) It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a -severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.据报道地方政府已采取适当措施避免严重缺水。 1、Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home. 半小时过去，末班车仍未来，我们只好走着去。 2、Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by heart. 玛丽看上去对汉语考试很担心，因为她还没有背熟课文。 3、Since the basketball match has been postponed, we might as well visit the museum.既然篮球赛一推迟，我们不妨去参观博物馆。 4、He stayed in Australia with his parents all the way through World War II.整个二战期间，他和他父母一直住在澳大利亚。 5、Since I graduated from Nanjing University in 1985, I have kind of lost touch with my classmates.自从1985年从南大毕业后，我可以说和大学同学失去联系。 1) As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with. 正如科学家所语言的那样，全球污染成了人类面对的最大的问题。 2) Competition for these jobs is very tough –we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year/ there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year. 谋求这些职位的竞争很激烈，今年的求职者是去年的五倍。 3) As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economical development. 正如事实表明的那样，教育大纲应符合国家的经济发展状况。 4) The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay. 这辆汽车太费油，而且价格是我想付的两倍。 5) To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it要了解一起重大的国际事件，我们首先要考虑其历史与政治背景。 1) It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to both sides. 据报道，联合国调节者们制定出他们希望双方都能接受的方案。 2) Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes. 多丽丝小心翼翼的在森林里走，怕遇到大蛇。 3) Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disaters cannot be prevented, but action can be taken to protect life and property. 地震台风和其他自然灾害无法防止，但可以采取行动保护生命财产。 4) I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxious to amuse myself reading it.我买了一期新的我最喜欢的体育杂志就赶紧回家，急着想读之自娱。 5) Helen lacks confidence. I’ve never known anyone so unsure of herself.海伦缺乏信心，我从未见过像他那样缺乏信心的人。