常见制冷剂热力性质表

附录：

附表1：R12饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

附表2：R13饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

附表3：R22饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

附表4：R134a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

附表5：R152a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

附表6：R600a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

附表7：R407c饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

附表8：R123饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

附表9：R410a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

附表1：R12饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

R12饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -1000.00118851679.10.099959113.32306.090.60771 1.721 -990.00130441676.50.10908114.14306.540.61242 1.7172 -980.00142981673.90.1189114.96306.980.61711 1.7135 -970.00156531671.30.12945115.78307.430.62178 1.7098 -960.00171171668.60.14077116.6307.880.62642 1.7062 -950.001869616660.15291117.42308.320.63105 1.7026 -940.00203971663.40.16592118.24308.770.63564 1.6992 -930.00222281660.70.17983119.06309.230.64022 1.6958 -920.00241971658.10.19471119.88309.680.64477 1.6925 -910.00263111655.50.21059120.71310.130.6493 1.6892 -900.0028581652.80.22754121.53310.590.65381 1.6861 -890.00310131650.20.24561122.36311.040.6583 1.6829 -880.00336171647.50.26485123.18311.50.66277 1.6799 -870.00364041644.90.28532124.01311.960.66722 1.6769 -860.00393831642.20.30708124.83312.410.67164 1.6739 -850.00425651639.60.33019125.66312.870.67605 1.6711 -840.00459591636.90.35471126.49313.340.68044 1.6683 -830.00495781634.30.38072127.32313.80.68481 1.6655 -820.00534321631.60.40827128.15314.260.68916 1.6628 -810.005753416290.43743128.98314.720.69349 1.6602 -800.00618961626.30.46827129.81315.190.6978 1.6576 -790.00665291623.60.50087130.64315.650.7021 1.655 -780.007144916210.53531131.47316.120.70637 1.6525 -770.00766671618.30.57164132.31316.580.71063 1.6501 -760.00821981615.60.60996133.14317.050.71487 1.6477 -750.00880561612.90.65034133.98317.520.7191 1.6454 -740.00942561610.30.69286134.81317.990.7233 1.6431 -730.010*******.60.73761135.65318.460.72749 1.6409 -720.010*******.90.78466136.49318.930.73167 1.6387 -710.0115061602.20.83411137.33319.40.73583 1.6365 -700.0122781599.50.88605138.17319.870.73997 1.6344 -690.0130921596.80.94056139.01320.340.74409 1.6323 -680.013951594.10.99774139.85320.820.7482 1.6303 -670.0148541591.4 1.0577140.69321.290.7523 1.6283 -660.0158051588.7 1.1205141.54321.760.75638 1.6264

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -650.0168061586 1.1862142.38322.240.76044 1.6245 -640.0178581583.3 1.255143.23322.710.76449 1.6227 -630.0189621580.5 1.3269144.07323.190.76853 1.6208 -620.020*******.8 1.4021144.92323.660.77255 1.6191 -610.021*******.1 1.4807145.77324.140.77656 1.6173 -600.022*******.3 1.5627146.62324.610.78055 1.6156 -590.023*******.6 1.6483147.47325.090.78453 1.614 -580.025*******.9 1.7375148.32325.570.78849 1.6123 -570.0268191564.1 1.8306149.17326.050.79245 1.6107 -560.028*******.4 1.9276150.03326.520.79639 1.6092 -550.029*******.6 2.0285150.883270.80031 1.6076 -540.0316331555.8 2.1336151.74327.480.80422 1.6061 -530.0333841553.1 2.243152.6327.960.80812 1.6047 -520.0352131550.3 2.3567153.46328.440.81201 1.6032 -510.037121547.5 2.4749154.32328.910.81588 1.6018 -500.039111544.7 2.5978155.18329.390.81974 1.6004 -490.0411841541.9 2.7254156.04329.870.82359 1.5991 -480.0433451539.1 2.8578156.9330.350.82743 1.5978 -470.0455961536.3 2.9952157.77330.830.83126 1.5965 -460.0479391533.5 3.1378158.63331.310.83507 1.5952 -450.0503771530.7 3.2856159.5331.790.83887 1.594 -440.0529131527.9 3.4388160.37332.260.84266 1.5928 -430.0555491525.1 3.5975161.24332.740.84644 1.5916 -420.0582881522.2 3.7619162.11333.220.85021 1.5905 -410.0611331519.4 3.9321162.98333.70.85397 1.5893 -400.0640871516.5 4.1082163.86334.180.85772 1.5882 -390.0671531513.7 4.2904164.73334.650.86145 1.5872 -380.0703331510.8 4.4788165.61335.130.86518 1.5861 -370.0736311508 4.6736166.49335.610.86889 1.5851 -360.0770491505.1 4.8748167.36336.090.87259 1.5841 -350.0805911502.2 5.0828168.24336.560.87629 1.5831 -340.0842591499.3 5.2976169.13337.040.87997 1.5821 -330.0880571496.4 5.5193170.01337.520.88364 1.5812 -320.0919881493.5 5.7482170.89337.990.88731 1.5802 -310.0960551490.6 5.9843171.78338.470.89096 1.5793 -300.100261487.7 6.2279172.67338.940.89461 1.5784

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -290.104611484.8 6.4791173.55339.410.89824 1.5776 -280.10911481.9 6.7381174.44339.890.90187 1.5767 -270.113751478.97.0049175.34340.360.90548 1.5759 -260.1185414767.2799176.23340.830.90909 1.5751 -250.1234914737.5631177.12341.30.91269 1.5743 -240.12861470.17.8548178.02341.780.91627 1.5735 -230.133881467.18.1551178.92342.250.91985 1.5728 -220.139311464.18.4641179.81342.720.92343 1.572 -210.144921461.18.7821180.71343.190.92699 1.5713 -200.15071458.19.1093181.62343.650.93054 1.5706 -190.156661455.19.4457182.52344.120.93409 1.5699 -180.162791452.19.7917183.42344.590.93763 1.5693 -170.169111449.110.147184.33345.050.94115 1.5686 -160.175621446.110.513185.24345.520.94468 1.568 -150.182********.889186.15345.980.94819 1.5673 -140.1892144011.274187.06346.440.95169 1.5667 -130.196291436.911.671187.97346.910.95519 1.5661 -120.203581433.812.078188.89347.370.95868 1.5655 -110.211081430.712.496189.81347.830.96216 1.565 -100.218781427.612.925190.72348.290.96564 1.5644 -90.22671424.513.365191.64348.740.96911 1.5638 -80.234831421.413.817192.56349.20.97257 1.5633 -70.243181418.314.281193.49349.660.97602 1.5628 -60.251761415.114.756194.41350.110.97947 1.5623 -50.26057141215.244195.34350.560.9829 1.5618 -40.26961408.815.744196.27351.010.98634 1.5613 -30.278881405.716.257197.2351.460.98976 1.5608 -20.288391402.516.782198.13351.910.99318 1.5603 -10.298141399.317.321199.06352.360.99659 1.5599 00.308151396.117.873200352.811 1.5594 10.31841392.818.438200.94353.25 1.0034 1.559 20.328911389.619.018201.88353.69 1.0068 1.5586 30.339681386.419.611202.82354.13 1.0102 1.5581 40.350711383.120.219203.76354.57 1.0136 1.5577 50.362011379.820.842204.71355.01 1.0169 1.5573 60.373581376.521.479205.65355.45 1.0203 1.5569

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K 70.385431373.222.132206.6355.88 1.0237 1.5565 80.397561369.922.8207.56356.32 1.027 1.5561 90.409971366.623.484208.51356.75 1.0304 1.5558 100.422671363.224.184209.46357.18 1.0337 1.5554 110.435661359.924.9210.42357.61 1.0371 1.555 120.448951356.525.633211.38358.03 1.0404 1.5547 130.462531353.126.383212.34358.45 1.0437 1.5544 140.476431349.727.15213.31358.88 1.0471 1.554 150.490631346.327.935214.27359.3 1.0504 1.5537 160.505141342.828.737215.24359.71 1.0537 1.5533 170.519971339.429.558216.21360.13 1.057 1.553 180.535131335.930.398217.18360.54 1.0603 1.5527 190.550611332.431.257218.16360.95 1.0636 1.5524 200.566421328.932.135219.14361.36 1.0669 1.5521 210.582561325.333.032220.12361.77 1.0702 1.5518 220.599051321.833.95221.1362.17 1.0735 1.5515 230.615871318.234.888222.08362.57 1.0768 1.5512 240.633051314.635.848223.07362.97 1.0801 1.5509 250.65057131136.828224.06363.37 1.0834 1.5506 260.668461307.437.83225.05363.76 1.0866 1.5503 270.68671303.838.855226.05364.15 1.0899 1.55 280.705311300.139.902227.04364.54 1.0932 1.5498 290.72431296.440.972228.04364.93 1.0964 1.5495 300.743651292.742.066229.04365.31 1.0997 1.5492 310.76339128943.184230.05365.69 1.103 1.5489 320.78351285.244.326231.06366.07 1.1062 1.5487 330.804011281.445.494232.07366.44 1.1095 1.5484 340.824911277.646.687233.08366.81 1.1127 1.5481 350.846211273.847.906234.1367.18 1.116 1.5478 360.867911269.949.152235.12367.54 1.1192 1.5476 370.890021266.150.426236.14367.9 1.1225 1.5473 380.912531262.251.727237.16368.26 1.1257 1.547 390.935471258.253.057238.19368.61 1.1289 1.5468 400.958821254.354.416239.22368.96 1.1322 1.5465 410.98261250.355.805240.25369.31 1.1354 1.5462 42 1.00681246.357.224241.29369.65 1.1387 1.5459

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K

43 1.03151242.258.675242.33369.99 1.1419 1.5457

44 1.05661238.160.158243.38370.33 1.1451 1.5454

45 1.0821123461.673244.42370.66 1.1484 1.5451

46 1.10811229.963.222245.47370.98 1.1516 1.5448

47 1.13451225.764.806246.53371.3 1.1548 1.5446

48 1.16141221.566.424247.59371.62 1.158 1.5443

49 1.18881217.368.079248.65371.94 1.1613 1.544

50 1.2166121369.771249.71372.24 1.1645 1.5437

51 1.24491208.771.501250.78372.55 1.1677 1.5434

52 1.27371204.473.27251.85372.85 1.171 1.5431

53 1.303120075.08252.93373.14 1.1742 1.5428

54 1.33271195.676.93254.01373.43 1.1774 1.5425

55 1.3631191.178.823255.1373.72 1.1807 1.5421

56 1.39381186.680.759256.18373.99 1.1839 1.5418

57 1.4251182.182.741257.28374.27 1.1871 1.5415

58 1.45681177.584.768258.38374.53 1.1904 1.5411

59 1.48911172.886.843259.48374.79 1.1936 1.5408

60 1.52191168.188.966260.58375.05 1.1969 1.5404

61 1.55531163.491.141261.7375.3 1.2001 1.5401

62 1.58921158.693.367262.81375.54 1.2033 1.5397

63 1.62361153.895.647263.93375.78 1.2066 1.5393

64 1.65861148.997.982265.06376 1.2099 1.5389

65 1.69411144100.37266.19376.23 1.2131 1.5385

66 1.73021139102.83267.33376.44 1.2164 1.5381

67 1.76681133.9105.34268.47376.65 1.2197 1.5377

68 1.80411128.8107.92269.62376.84 1.2229 1.5372

69 1.84191123.6110.56270.78377.04 1.2262 1.5368

70 1.88021118.3113.27271.94377.22 1.2295 1.5363

71 1.91921113116.05273.11377.39 1.2328 1.5358

72 1.95871107.6118.91274.28377.55 1.2361 1.5353

73 1.99891102.1121.84275.46377.71 1.2394 1.5348

74 2.03971096.6124.86276.65377.85 1.2427 1.5343

75 2.08111090.9127.95277.84377.99 1.2461 1.5337

76 2.12311085.2131.14279.05378.11 1.2494 1.5331

77 2.16571079.4134.41280.26378.22 1.2527 1.5325

78 2.2091073.5137.78281.48378.32 1.2561 1.5319

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K

79 2.25291067.5141.25282.7378.41 1.2595 1.5313

80 2.29751061.4144.82283.94378.48 1.2629 1.5306

81 2.34271055.2148.51285.19378.55 1.2663 1.5299

82 2.38861048.8152.3286.44378.59 1.2697 1.5292

83 2.43521042.4156.23287.71378.63 1.2731 1.5284

84 2.48241035.8160.28288.99378.64 1.2766 1.5276

85 2.53041029.1164.46290.27378.64 1.2801 1.5268

86 2.5791022.2168.8291.58378.62 1.2835 1.5259

87 2.62841015.2173.28292.89378.59 1.2871 1.525

88 2.67841008177.93294.21378.53 1.2906 1.5241

89 2.72931000.7182.75295.55378.45 1.2942 1.5231

90 2.7808993.15187.77296.91378.35 1.2978 1.522

91 2.8331985.42192.98298.28378.23 1.3014 1.5209

92 2.8862977.48198.41299.67378.08 1.305 1.5198

93 2.94969.31204.08301.08377.9 1.3087 1.5186

94 2.9947960.89210302.5377.69 1.3125 1.5173

95 3.0501952.2216.21303.95377.45 1.3163 1.5159

96 3.1064943.23222.72305.42377.17 1.3201 1.5144

97 3.1634933.93229.57306.92376.85 1.324 1.5129

98 3.2214924.29236.8308.44376.48 1.3279 1.5112

99 3.2802914.25244.45309.99376.07 1.3319 1.5095 100 3.3399903.78252.58311.58375.6 1.336 1.5076

附表2：R13饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

R13饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵

t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″

℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -1000.033241590.7 2.4603100.77258.710.55984 1.472 -990.035551587.1 2.6186101.64259.130.5648 1.4691 -980.0379861583.4 2.7848102.5259.540.56973 1.4664 -970.0405541579.7 2.9591103.36259.960.57465 1.4636 -960.0432591576.1 3.1419104.23260.370.57954 1.4609 -950.0461051572.4 3.3334105.1260.790.58441 1.4583 -940.0490991568.7 3.5339105.97261.20.58926 1.4558 -930.0522451565 3.7437106.84261.610.59409 1.4532 -920.0555491561.2 3.9631107.71262.020.5989 1.4508 -910.0590161557.5 4.1923108.58262.430.60369 1.4484 -900.0626521553.8 4.4318109.45262.850.60846 1.446 -890.0664631550 4.6817110.33263.260.61322 1.4437 -880.0704541546.3 4.9424111.21263.670.61796 1.4414 -870.0746311542.5 5.2142112.08264.080.62268 1.4392 -860.0789991538.7 5.4975112.97264.480.62738 1.437 -850.0835661534.9 5.7925113.85264.890.63206 1.4348 -840.0883371531.1 6.0996114.73265.30.63673 1.4328 -830.0933181527.3 6.4191115.62265.70.64138 1.4307 -820.0985151523.4 6.7514116.5266.110.64602 1.4287 -810.103941519.67.0968117.39266.510.65064 1.4267 -800.109581515.77.4557118.28266.920.65525 1.4248 -790.115471511.97.8283119.18267.320.65984 1.4229 -780.121615088.2151120.07267.720.66441 1.421 -770.127971504.18.6165120.97268.120.66897 1.4192 -760.13461500.19.0327121.87268.520.67352 1.4174 -750.141491496.29.4643122.77268.920.67805 1.4156 -740.148651492.39.9115123.67269.320.68257 1.4139 -730.156091488.310.375124.57269.710.68708 1.4122 -720.163811484.310.854125.48270.110.69157 1.4106 -710.171821480.311.351126.39270.50.69605 1.409 -700.180121476.311.865127.3270.90.70052 1.4074 -690.188731472.312.396128.22271.290.70498 1.4058 -680.197641468.312.946129.13271.680.70942 1.4043 -670.206881464.213.514130.05272.060.71386 1.4027 -660.216441460.114.101130.97272.450.71828 1.4013 -650.226331456.114.708131.89272.840.72269 1.3998 -640.23656145215.334132.82273.220.72709 1.3984 -630.247141447.815.981133.74273.60.73148 1.397 -620.258071443.716.648134.68273.980.73586 1.3956 -610.269371439.517.337135.61274.360.74023 1.3943 -600.281031435.318.047136.54274.740.74459 1.3929 -590.293071431.118.78137.48275.110.74894 1.3916 -580.305491426.919.536138.42275.490.75328 1.3903

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″

℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -570.318311422.720.315139.37275.860.75762 1.3891 -560.331521418.421.117140.31276.230.76194 1.3878 -550.345151414.121.945141.26276.590.76626 1.3866 -540.359181409.822.797142.21276.960.77056 1.3854 -530.373641405.523.674143.17277.320.77486 1.3842 -520.388531401.124.578144.12277.680.77916 1.3831 -510.403861396.725.509145.09278.040.78344 1.3819 -500.419641392.326.466146.05278.40.78772 1.3808 -490.435871387.927.452147.02278.750.79199 1.3797 -480.452561383.428.467147.99279.10.79626 1.3786 -470.46972137929.51148.96279.450.80052 1.3775 -460.487361374.430.584149.94279.80.80477 1.3765 -450.505491369.931.689150.92280.140.80902 1.3754 -440.524111365.332.825151.9280.480.81326 1.3744 -430.543241360.833.993152.89280.820.8175 1.3733 -420.562871356.135.194153.88281.150.82173 1.3723 -410.583031351.536.429154.87281.480.82596 1.3713 -400.603711346.837.698155.87281.810.83018 1.3703 -390.624931342.139.003156.87282.140.8344 1.3694 -380.646691337.340.345157.88282.460.83862 1.3684 -370.669011332.541.723158.89282.780.84283 1.3674 -360.691891327.743.14159.9283.090.84704 1.3665 -350.715341322.944.596160.92283.40.85124 1.3656 -340.73936131846.093161.94283.710.85545 1.3646 -330.76398131347.631162.97284.010.85965 1.3637 -320.789191308.149.211164284.310.86385 1.3628 -310.81501130350.835165.03284.60.86805 1.3618 -300.84144129852.504166.07284.890.87225 1.3609 -290.868491292.954.218167.11285.180.87645 1.36 -280.896171287.855.98168.16285.460.88064 1.3591 -270.92451282.657.791169.21285.740.88484 1.3582 -260.953471277.359.652170.27286.010.88904 1.3573 -250.98311272.161.565171.33286.270.89323 1.3564 -24 1.01341266.763.53172.4286.530.89743 1.3555 -23 1.04441261.465.551173.48286.790.90163 1.3546 -22 1.07611255.967.628174.55287.040.90584 1.3537 -21 1.10841250.469.763175.64287.280.91004 1.3528 -20 1.14151244.971.959176.73287.520.91425 1.3519 -19 1.17531239.374.217177.82287.750.91846 1.351 -18 1.20981233.676.539178.93287.980.92268 1.3501 -17 1.2451227.978.928180.03288.190.9269 1.3492 -16 1.2811222.181.385181.15288.40.93112 1.3482 -15 1.31781216.283.914182.27288.610.93536 1.3473 -14 1.35531210.386.517183.39288.80.93959 1.3463

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″

℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -13 1.39361204.389.196184.53288.990.94384 1.3454 -12 1.43261198.291.955185.67289.170.94809 1.3444 -11 1.4725119294.797186.82289.340.95235 1.3434 -10 1.51321185.897.725187.97289.50.95662 1.3424 -9 1.55471179.5100.74189.13289.650.9609 1.3414 -8 1.5971173.1103.85190.31289.790.96518 1.3404 -7 1.64021166.6107.06191.49289.930.96949 1.3394 -6 1.68421159.9110.37192.67290.050.9738 1.3383 -5 1.72911153.2113.79193.87290.160.97812 1.3372 -4 1.77491146.4117.32195.08290.250.98247 1.3361 -3 1.82161139.5120.96196.29290.340.98682 1.335 -2 1.86911132.4124.73197.52290.410.9912 1.3338 -1 1.91761125.3128.63198.75290.470.99559 1.3326

0 1.9671118132.66200290.511 1.3314

1 2.01741110.5136.84201.26290.54 1.0044 1.3301

2 2.06871102.9141.17202.53290.55 1.0089 1.3288

3 2.1211095.2145.66203.81290.55 1.013

4 1.3275

4 2.17421087.3150.32205.11290.52 1.0179 1.3261

5 2.22851079.2155.16206.42290.48 1.0224 1.3246

6 2.28381070.9160.2207.74290.42 1.02

7 1.3232

7 2.34011062.5165.44209.08290.33 1.0316 1.3216

8 2.39741053.8170.92210.44290.22 1.0362 1.32

9 2.45591044.9176.63211.82290.09 1.0409 1.3183

10 2.51541035.7182.6213.21289.92 1.0457 1.3166

11 2.5761026.2188.85214.63289.73 1.0504 1.3147

12 2.63771016.5195.42216.07289.5 1.0553 1.3128

13 2.70061006.4202.33217.53289.24 1.0602 1.3108

14 2.7646995.94209.61219.02288.94 1.0652 1.3087

15 2.8299985.08217.3220.54288.59 1.0702 1.3064

16 2.8963973.76225.47222.09288.2 1.0754 1.304

17 2.9641961.92234.16223.69287.75 1.0806 1.3014

18 3.033949.49243.46225.32287.24 1.086 1.2987

19 3.1033936.36253.46227286.66 1.0915 1.2957

20 3.175922.43264.28228.75285.99 1.0972 1.2925

21 3.248907.52276.08230.56285.22 1.1031 1.2889

22 3.3225891.41289.09232.45284.33 1.1092 1.285

23 3.3984873.79303.61234.45283.29 1.1157 1.2806

24 3.476854.2320.13236.59282.06 1.1226 1.2756

25 3.5552831.86339.42238.92280.55 1.1301 1.2698

26 3.6361805.41362.87241.54278.64 1.1386 1.2626

附表3：R22饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

R22饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -1000.00201021571.30.1209890.705358.970.50502 2.0543 -990.00220531568.70.1319891.767359.450.51113 2.0482 -980.002416315660.143892.828359.940.5172 2.0422 -970.00264431563.40.156593.889360.430.52324 2.0364 -960.00289031560.80.1701394.95360.910.52925 2.0306 -950.00315561558.10.1847396.011361.40.53522 2.0249 -940.00344121555.50.2003797.073361.890.54116 2.0194 -930.00374841552.80.2170998.134362.380.54707 2.0139 -920.00407861550.20.2349699.195362.870.55294 2.0085 -910.0044331547.50.25403100.26363.360.55878 2.0032 -900.0048131544.90.27437101.32363.850.56459 1.998 -890.00522021542.20.29603102.38364.340.57037 1.9929 -880.0056561539.60.3191103.44364.830.57612 1.9879 -870.00612191536.90.34362104.5365.330.58183 1.983 -860.00661971534.30.36968105.56365.820.58752 1.9781 -850.00715091531.60.39734106.63366.310.59318 1.9734 -840.00771741528.90.42669107.69366.80.5988 1.9687 -830.00832091526.20.45778108.75367.30.6044 1.9641 -820.00896321523.60.49071109.81367.790.60997 1.9596 -810.00964651520.90.52555110.87368.280.61551 1.9551 -800.010*******.20.56238111.94368.770.62102 1.9508 -790.0111431515.50.60129113369.270.62651 1.9465 -780.0119611512.80.64237114.06369.760.63197 1.9422 -770.0128281510.10.6857115.13370.250.6374 1.9381 -760.0137461507.40.73138116.19370.750.64281 1.934 -750.0147191504.70.77949117.25371.240.64819 1.93 -740.01574715020.83013118.32371.730.65354 1.926 -730.0168331499.30.8834119.38372.220.65887 1.9221 -720.0179811496.60.93939120.45372.720.66417 1.9183 -710.0191921493.90.99822121.51373.210.66945 1.9145 -700.020*******.2 1.06122.58373.70.67471 1.9108 -690.021*******.4 1.1248123.64374.190.67994 1.9072 -680.023*******.7 1.1927124.71374.680.68515 1.9036 -670.024******* 1.2639125.78375.170.69033 1.9001 -660.0262941480.2 1.3384126.85375.660.69549 1.8966 -650.027*******.5 1.4165127.91376.150.70063 1.8932 -640.029*******.7 1.4981128.98376.640.70575 1.8899 -630.0314971472 1.5834130.05377.130.71084 1.8866 -620.0334051469.2 1.6726131.12377.620.71592 1.8833 -610.0354071466.4 1.7657132.19378.110.72097 1.8801 -600.0375051463.7 1.8629133.27378.590.726 1.877 -590.0397021460.9 1.9643134.34379.080.73101 1.8739 -580.0420021458.1 2.07135.41379.560.73601 1.8708

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″

℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -570.0444081455.3 2.1802136.48380.050.74098 1.8678 -560.0469241452.5 2.295137.56380.530.74593 1.8649 -550.0495531449.7 2.4145138.63381.020.75086 1.8619 -540.0522991446.9 2.5389139.71381.50.75578 1.8591 -530.0551671444.1 2.6683140.79381.980.76067 1.8562 -520.0581581441.3 2.8028141.87382.460.76555 1.8535 -510.0612781438.4 2.9426142.95382.940.77041 1.8507 -500.064531435.6 3.0879144.03383.420.77525 1.848 -490.0679191432.8 3.2387145.11383.890.78007 1.8454 -480.0714481429.9 3.3953146.19384.370.78488 1.8428 -470.0751211427 3.5578147.27384.840.78967 1.8402 -460.0789431424.2 3.7262148.36385.320.79444 1.8376 -450.0829171421.3 3.9009149.44385.790.79919 1.8351 -440.0870491418.4 4.082150.53386.260.80393 1.8327 -430.0913411415.5 4.2696151.62386.730.80866 1.8302 -420.09581412.6 4.4638152.7387.20.81336 1.8278 -410.100431409.7 4.6649153.8387.660.81806 1.8255 -400.105231406.8 4.873154.89388.130.82274 1.8231 -390.110211403.9 5.0883155.98388.590.8274 1.8208 -380.115381401 5.3109157.07389.060.83205 1.8186 -370.120731398 5.5411158.17389.520.83668 1.8163 -360.126281395.1 5.779159.27389.970.8413 1.8141 -350.132031392.1 6.0247160.37390.430.84591 1.812 -340.137971389.1 6.2786161.47390.890.8505 1.8098 -330.144131386.2 6.5407162.57391.340.85508 1.8077 -320.15051383.2 6.8113163.67391.790.85964 1.8056 -310.157081380.27.0905164.78392.240.86419 1.8036 -300.163891377.27.3785165.88392.690.86873 1.8015 -290.170921374.27.6756166.99393.140.87326 1.7995 -280.178191371.17.9819168.1393.580.87777 1.7975 -270.185691368.18.2976169.21394.030.88228 1.7956 -260.1934413658.623170.33394.470.88677 1.7937 -250.2014313628.9582171.44394.90.89125 1.7918 -240.209681358.99.3035172.56395.340.89571 1.7899 -230.218191355.89.6591173.68395.770.90017 1.788 -220.226961352.710.025174.8396.210.90462 1.7862 -210.2361349.610.402175.92396.640.90905 1.7844 -200.245311346.510.79177.04397.060.91347 1.7826 -190.254911343.411.189178.17397.490.91789 1.7808 -180.264791340.311.599179.3397.910.92229 1.7791 -170.274961337.112.021180.43398.330.92668 1.7774 -160.28543133412.455181.56398.750.93107 1.7757 -150.29621330.812.901182.7399.160.93544 1.774 -140.307281327.613.359183.83399.570.9398 1.7723

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″

℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -130.318671324.413.83184.97399.980.94416 1.7706 -120.330381321.214.314186.11400.390.9485 1.769 -110.34242131814.811187.26400.80.95284 1.7674 -100.354791314.715.322188.4401.20.95717 1.7658 -90.367491311.515.846189.55401.60.96149 1.7642 -80.380541308.216.384190.7401.990.9658 1.7627 -70.393941304.916.937191.86402.380.9701 1.7611 -60.407691301.617.504193.01402.770.97439 1.7596 -50.42181298.318.086194.17403.160.97868 1.7581 -40.43628129518.683195.33403.550.98296 1.7566 -30.451131291.619.296196.49403.930.98723 1.7551 -20.466361288.319.924197.66404.30.99149 1.7536 -10.481981284.920.569198.83404.680.99575 1.7521

00.497991281.521.229200405.051 1.7507

10.514391278.121.907201.17405.42 1.0042 1.7492

20.53121274.722.602202.35405.78 1.0085 1.7478

30.548421271.323.314203.53406.14 1.0127 1.7464

40.566051267.824.044204.71406.5 1.0169 1.745

50.584111264.324.792205.9406.85 1.0212 1.7436

60.602591260.825.559207.09407.2 1.0254 1.7422

70.621511257.326.345208.28407.54 1.0296 1.7409

80.640881253.827.15209.47407.89 1.0338 1.7395

90.660681250.327.975210.67408.22 1.038 1.7381

100.680951246.728.82211.87408.56 1.0422 1.7368 110.701671243.129.685213.07408.89 1.0463 1.7355 120.722861239.530.572214.28409.21 1.0505 1.7341 130.744531235.931.48215.49409.53 1.0547 1.7328 140.766681232.232.41216.7409.85 1.0589 1.7315 150.789311228.633.362217.92410.16 1.063 1.7302 160.812441224.934.337219.14410.47 1.0672 1.7289 170.836071221.235.336220.36410.78 1.0714 1.7276 180.86021217.436.358221.59411.07 1.0755 1.7263 190.884851213.737.405222.82411.37 1.0797 1.725 200.910021209.938.477224.06411.66 1.0838 1.7238 210.935721206.139.575225.3411.94 1.088 1.7225 220.961951202.340.698226.54412.22 1.0921 1.7212 230.988721198.441.849227.78412.5 1.0962 1.7199

24 1.0161194.643.027229.04412.77 1.1004 1.7187

25 1.04391190.744.232230.29413.03 1.1045 1.7174

26 1.07241186.745.467231.55413.29 1.1086 1.7162

27 1.10141182.846.73232.81413.54 1.1128 1.7149

28 1.13091178.848.024234.08413.79 1.1169 1.7136

29 1.16111174.849.349235.35414.03 1.121 1.7124

30 1.19191170.750.705236.62414.26 1.1252 1.7111

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″

℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K

31 1.22321166.752.093237.9414.49 1.1293 1.7099

32 1.25521162.653.515239.19414.71 1.1334 1.7086

33 1.28781158.454.971240.48414.93 1.1375 1.7074

34 1.3211154.356.461241.77415.14 1.1417 1.7061

35 1.35481150.157.988243.07415.34 1.1458 1.7048

36 1.38921145.859.551244.38415.54 1.1499 1.7036

37 1.42431141.661.152245.69415.72 1.1541 1.7023

38 1.46011137.362.792247415.91 1.1582 1.701

39 1.49651132.964.472248.32416.08 1.1623 1.6998

40 1.53361128.566.193249.65416.25 1.1665 1.6985

41 1.57131124.167.956250.98416.4 1.1706 1.6972

42 1.60981119.669.762252.32416.55 1.1747 1.6959

43 1.64891115.171.614253.66416.7 1.1789 1.6946

44 1.68871110.673.511255.01416.83 1.183 1.6933

45 1.7292110675.457256.36416.95 1.1872 1.6919

46 1.77041101.477.451257.73417.07 1.1913 1.6906

47 1.81241096.779.496259.1417.18 1.1955 1.6893

48 1.85511091.981.593260.47417.27 1.1997 1.6879

49 1.89851087.183.745261.85417.36 1.2038 1.6866

50 1.94271082.385.952263.25417.44 1.208 1.6852

51 1.98761077.488.217264.64417.5 1.2122 1.6838

52 2.03331072.490.542266.05417.56 1.2164 1.6824

53 2.07981067.492.929267.46417.6 1.2206 1.681

54 2.1271062.395.381268.89417.63 1.2248 1.6795

55 2.17511057.297.899270.32417.65 1.2291 1.6781

56 2.22391052100.49271.76417.66 1.2333 1.6766

57 2.27361046.7103.15273.21417.65 1.2376 1.6751

58 2.3241041.3105.88274.66417.63 1.2418 1.6736

59 2.37531035.9108.7276.13417.6 1.2461 1.672

60 2.42751030.4111.59277.61417.55 1.2504 1.6705

61 2.48051024.8114.57279.1417.49 1.2547 1.6689

62 2.53431019.1117.64280.6417.41 1.2591 1.6672

63 2.58911013.3120.81282.12417.31 1.2634 1.6656

64 2.64471007.4124.07283.64417.2 1.2678 1.6639

65 2.70121001.4127.43285.18417.06 1.2722 1.6622

66 2.7586995.34130.9286.74416.91 1.2766 1.6604

67 2.8169989.13134.49288.3416.74 1.281 1.6586

68 2.8761982.8138.19289.88416.55 1.2855 1.6568

69 2.9363976.34142.02291.48416.33 1.29 1.6549

70 2.9974969.74145.99293.1416.09 1.2945 1.6529

71 3.0595962.99150.1294.73415.83 1.2991 1.651

72 3.1225956.1154.36296.38415.54 1.3037 1.6489

73 3.1866949.03158.78298.05415.22 1.3083 1.6468

74 3.2516941.79163.38299.74414.87 1.313 1.6446

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″

℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K

75 3.3177934.36168.16301.46414.49 1.3177 1.6424

76 3.3848926.72173.14303.2414.08 1.3225 1.6401

77 3.4529918.86178.33304.96413.62 1.3273 1.6377

78 3.5222910.76183.76306.76413.13 1.3322 1.6352

79 3.5924902.39189.44308.58412.6 1.3372 1.6326

80 3.6638893.74195.4310.44412.01 1.3423 1.6299

81 3.7363884.76201.67312.34411.38 1.3474 1.627

82 3.8099875.43208.28314.27410.68 1.3526 1.6241

83 3.8847865.7215.26316.25409.93 1.3579 1.621

84 3.9606855.52222.67318.29409.1 1.3634 1.6177

85 4.0378844.83230.56320.38408.19 1.369 1.6142

86 4.1161833.55239322.54407.18 1.3747 1.6104

87 4.1957821.59248.09324.77406.07 1.3807 1.6064

88 4.2766808.81257.94327.09404.83 1.3869 1.6021

89 4.3588795.06268.72329.52403.45 1.3933 1.5974

90 4.4423780.11280.63332.09401.87 1.4001 1.5922

91 4.5272763.63294334.82400.05 1.4073 1.5864

92 4.6136745.11309.33337.77397.92 1.4151 1.5798

93 4.7015723.72327.48341.04395.33 1.4237 1.572

94 4.7911697.78350.19344.8392.02 1.4336 1.5622

附表4：R134a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

R134a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -1000.00055941582.40.03969475.362336.850.4354 1.9456 -990.000622221579.70.04390176.547337.440.44222 1.9403 -980.000691091577.10.04848777.731338.020.449 1.9351 -970.00076651574.50.05347778.916338.610.45575 1.93 -960.000848951571.80.05890280.102339.190.46246 1.925 -950.000938991569.10.0647981.288339.780.46913 1.9201 -940.00103721566.50.07117482.474340.380.47578 1.9154 -930.00114411563.80.07808783.661340.970.48238 1.9107 -920.00126051561.20.08556384.849341.560.48896 1.9061 -910.00138691558.50.0936486.037342.160.4955 1.9016 -900.00152411555.80.1023687.226342.760.50201 1.8972 -890.00167281553.20.1117588.415343.360.50848 1.8929 -880.00183381550.50.1218689.606343.960.51493 1.8887 -870.00200791547.80.1327490.797344.560.52134 1.8846 -860.0021961545.10.1444391.989345.170.52773 1.8805 -850.0023991542.50.1569793.182345.770.53409 1.8766 -840.00261781539.80.1704294.376346.380.54041 1.8727 -830.00285351537.10.1848295.57346.990.54671 1.8689 -820.0031071534.40.2002396.766347.60.55298 1.8652 -810.00337941531.70.216797.963348.210.55923 1.8616 -800.003671915290.2342999.161348.830.56544 1.858 -790.00398561526.30.25306100.36349.440.57163 1.8546 -780.00432171523.60.27307101.56350.060.5778 1.8512 -770.00468161520.90.29438102.76350.670.58393 1.8478 -760.00506651518.20.31705103.96351.290.59004 1.8446 -750.00547771515.50.34116105.17351.910.59613 1.8414 -740.00591681512.80.36677106.37352.530.60219 1.8382 -730.00638511510.10.39395107.58353.150.60823 1.8352 -720.00688431507.30.42278108.78353.770.61424 1.8322 -710.00741581504.60.45333109.99354.40.62023 1.8293 -700.00798141501.90.48568111.2355.020.62619 1.8264 -690.00858261499.10.51991112.41355.650.63214 1.8236 -680.00922131496.40.5561113.62356.270.63806 1.8209 -670.00989921493.70.59433114.83356.90.64395 1.8182 -660.010*******.90.6347116.05357.530.64983 1.8155 -650.011381488.20.67728117.26358.160.65568 1.813 -640.0121871485.40.72218118.48358.790.66151 1.8105 -630.0130411482.60.76947119.7359.420.66732 1.808 -620.0139441479.90.81927120.92360.050.67311 1.8056 -610.0148991477.10.87167122.14360.680.67887 1.8033 -600.0159061474.30.92676123.36361.310.68462 1.801 -590.016971471.60.98465124.59361.940.69035 1.7987 -580.0180911468.8 1.0454125.81362.580.69605 1.7965

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″

℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -570.0192731466 1.1092127.04363.210.70174 1.7944 -560.020*******.2 1.1762128.27363.840.70741 1.7922 -550.021*******.4 1.2463129.5364.480.71305 1.7902 -540.023*******.6 1.3198130.73365.110.71868 1.7882 -530.024*******.8 1.3968131.96365.750.72429 1.7862 -520.0261761452 1.4773133.2366.380.72988 1.7843 -510.027*******.1 1.5616134.44367.020.73546 1.7824 -500.029*******.3 1.6496135.67367.650.74101 1.7806 -490.0312091443.5 1.7416136.91368.290.74655 1.7788 -480.0330511440.6 1.8377138.15368.920.75207 1.777 -470.0349821437.8 1.938139.4369.560.75757 1.7753 -460.0370031434.9 2.0427140.64370.190.76305 1.7736 -450.0391171432.1 2.1518141.89370.830.76852 1.772 -440.0413291429.2 2.2655143.14371.460.77397 1.7704 -430.043641426.4 2.384144.39372.10.77941 1.7688 -420.0460551423.5 2.5074145.64372.730.78482 1.7673 -410.0485771420.6 2.6359146.89373.370.79023 1.7658 -400.0512091417.7 2.7695148.143740.79561 1.7643 -390.0539551414.8 2.9085149.4374.640.80098 1.7629 -380.0568171411.9 3.0529150.66375.270.80633 1.7615 -370.0598011409 3.2031151.92375.90.81167 1.7602 -360.0629081406.1 3.359153.18376.540.817 1.7588 -350.0661441403.1 3.5209154.44377.170.8223 1.7575 -340.0695121400.2 3.689155.71377.80.8276 1.7563 -330.0730151397.3 3.8633156.98378.430.83288 1.755 -320.0766581394.3 4.0441158.25379.060.83814 1.7538 -310.0804441391.4 4.2316159.52379.690.84339 1.7526 -300.0843781388.4 4.4259160.79380.320.84863 1.7515 -290.0884631385.4 4.6271162.07380.950.85385 1.7503 -280.0927031382.4 4.8356163.34381.570.85906 1.7492 -270.0971041379.5 5.0514164.62382.20.86425 1.7482 -260.101671376.5 5.2748165.9382.820.86943 1.7471 -250.10641373.4 5.5059167.19383.450.8746 1.7461 -240.11131370.4 5.745168.47384.070.87975 1.7451 -230.116391367.4 5.9922169.76384.690.8849 1.7441 -220.121651364.4 6.2477171.05385.320.89002 1.7432 -210.12711361.3 6.5117172.34385.940.89514 1.7422 -200.132731358.3 6.7845173.64386.550.90025 1.7413 -190.138571355.27.0662174.93387.170.90534 1.7404 -180.14461352.17.3571176.23387.790.91042 1.7396 -170.1508413497.6574177.53388.40.91549 1.7387 -160.157281345.97.9673178.83389.020.92054 1.7379 -150.163941342.88.287180.14389.630.92559 1.7371 -140.170821339.78.6168181.44390.240.93062 1.7363

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″

℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -130.177921336.68.9568182.75390.850.93564 1.7355 -120.185241333.49.3074184.07391.460.94066 1.7348 -110.19281330.39.6688185.38392.060.94566 1.7341 -100.20061327.110.041186.7392.660.95065 1.7334 -90.208641323.910.425188.02393.270.95563 1.7327 -80.216931320.810.82189.34393.870.9606 1.732 -70.225481317.611.227190.66394.470.96556 1.7313 -60.234281314.311.646191.99395.060.97051 1.7307 -50.243341311.112.077193.32395.660.97544 1.73 -40.252681307.912.521194.65396.250.98037 1.7294 -30.262281304.612.978195.98396.840.98529 1.7288 -20.272171301.413.448197.32397.430.99021 1.7282 -10.282341298.113.931198.66398.020.99511 1.7276

00.29281294.814.428200398.61 1.7271

10.303561291.514.939201.34399.19 1.0049 1.7265

20.314621288.115.465202.69399.77 1.0098 1.726

30.325981284.816.005204.04400.34 1.0146 1.7255

40.337661281.416.56205.4400.92 1.0195 1.725

50.349661278.117.131206.75401.49 1.0243 1.7245

60.361981274.717.717208.11402.06 1.0292 1.724

70.374631271.318.319209.47402.63 1.034 1.7235

80.387611267.918.938210.84403.2 1.0388 1.723

90.400941264.419.573212.21403.76 1.0437 1.7226

100.41461126120.226213.58404.32 1.0485 1.7221 110.428631257.520.896214.95404.88 1.0533 1.7217 120.44301125421.584216.33405.43 1.0581 1.7212 130.457761250.522.29217.71405.98 1.0629 1.7208 140.472881246.923.015219.09406.53 1.0677 1.7204 150.488371243.423.758220.48407.07 1.0724 1.72 160.504251239.824.522221.87407.61 1.0772 1.7196 170.520521236.225.305223.26408.15 1.082 1.7192 180.537181232.626.109224.66408.69 1.0867 1.7188 190.55424122926.934226.06409.22 1.0915 1.7184 200.571711225.327.78227.47409.75 1.0962 1.718 210.589591221.728.648228.88410.27 1.101 1.7177 220.60789121829.539230.29410.79 1.1057 1.7173 230.626621214.230.452231.7411.31 1.1105 1.7169 240.645781210.531.389233.12411.82 1.1152 1.7166 250.665381206.732.35234.55412.33 1.1199 1.7162 260.685431202.933.335235.97412.84 1.1246 1.7159 270.705921199.134.346237.4413.34 1.1294 1.7155 280.726881195.235.382238.84413.84 1.1341 1.7152 290.74831191.436.445240.28414.33 1.1388 1.7148 300.77021187.537.535241.72414.82 1.1435 1.7145

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″

℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K 310.792571183.538.653243.17415.3 1.1482 1.7142 320.815431179.639.799244.62415.78 1.1529 1.7138 330.838781175.640.974246.08416.26 1.1576 1.7135 340.862631171.642.18247.54416.72 1.1623 1.7131 350.886981167.543.416249.01417.19 1.167 1.7128 360.911851163.444.683250.48417.65 1.1717 1.7124 370.937241159.345.983251.95418.1 1.1764 1.7121 380.963151155.147.316253.43418.55 1.1811 1.7118 390.9896115148.683254.92418.99 1.1858 1.7114

40 1.01661146.750.085256.41419.43 1.1905 1.7111

41 1.04411142.551.523257.91419.86 1.1952 1.7107

42 1.07221138.252.998259.41420.28 1.1999 1.7103

43 1.10091133.854.512260.91420.7 1.2046 1.71

44 1.13011129.556.064262.43421.11 1.2092 1.7096

45 1.15991125.157.657263.94421.52 1.2139 1.7092

46 1.19031120.659.292265.47421.92 1.2186 1.7089

47 1.22131116.160.969267422.31 1.2233 1.7085

48 1.25291111.562.69268.53422.69 1.228 1.7081

49 1.28511106.964.458270.07423.07 1.2327 1.7077

50 1.31791102.366.272271.62423.44 1.2375 1.7072

51 1.35131097.668.134273.18423.8 1.2422 1.7068

52 1.38541092.970.047274.74424.15 1.2469 1.7064

53 1.42011088.172.012276.31424.49 1.2516 1.7059

54 1.45551083.274.03277.89424.83 1.2563 1.7055

55 1.49151078.376.104279.47425.15 1.2611 1.705

56 1.52821073.478.235281.06425.47 1.2658 1.7045

57 1.56561068.380.426282.66425.77 1.2705 1.704

58 1.60361063.282.679284.27426.07 1.2753 1.7035

59 1.64231058.184.996285.88426.36 1.2801 1.703

60 1.68181052.987.379287.5426.63 1.2848 1.7024

61 1.72191047.689.832289.14426.89 1.2896 1.7019

62 1.76281042.292.358290.78427.14 1.2944 1.7013

63 1.80441036.894.958292.43427.38 1.2992 1.7006

64 1.84671031.297.637294.09427.61 1.304 1.7

65 1.88981025.6100.4295.76427.82 1.3088 1.6993

66 1.93371020103.24297.44428.02 1.3137 1.6987

67 1.97831014.2106.18299.14428.2 1.3185 1.6979

68 2.02371008.3109.21300.84428.36 1.3234 1.6972

69 2.06981002.3112.34302.55428.52 1.3283 1.6964

70 2.1168996.25115.57304.28428.65 1.3332 1.6956

71 2.1646990.06118.91306.02428.77 1.3381 1.6948

72 2.2132983.76122.37307.78428.86 1.343 1.6939

73 2.2627977.33125.95309.55428.94 1.348 1.6929

74 2.313970.78129.65311.33429 1.353 1.692

温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″

℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K

75 2.3641964.09133.49313.13429.03 1.358 1.6909

76 2.4161957.25137.48314.94429.04 1.3631 1.6899

77 2.469950.26141.62316.78429.03 1.3682 1.6887

78 2.5228943.1145.93318.63428.98 1.3733 1.6876

79 2.5776935.77150.41320.5428.91 1.3784 1.6863

80 2.6332928.24155.08322.39428.81 1.3836 1.685

81 2.6898920.51159.95324.3428.68 1.3889 1.6836

82 2.7473912.56165.05326.24428.51 1.3942 1.6821

83 2.8058904.37170.38328.21428.3 1.3995 1.6806

84 2.8653895.91175.97330.2428.05 1.4049 1.6789

85 2.9258887.16181.85332.22427.76 1.4104 1.6771

86 2.9874878.1188.05334.28427.42 1.4159 1.6752

87 3.0499868.68194.59336.38427.02 1.4215 1.6732

88 3.1136858.86201.52338.51426.55 1.4273 1.671

89 3.1783848.6208.89340.69426.02 1.4331 1.6687

90 3.2442837.83216.76342.93425.42 1.439 1.6662

91 3.3112826.47225.2345.22424.72 1.4451 1.6634

92 3.3793814.43234.31347.59423.92 1.4514 1.6604

93 3.4487801.58244.22350.03422.99 1.4578 1.6571

94 3.5193787.75255.08352.58421.92 1.4645 1.6534

95 3.5912772.7267.14355.25420.67 1.4715 1.6492

96 3.6645756.09280.73358.07419.18 1.4789 1.6445

97 3.7391737.34296.41361.12417.39 1.4869 1.6389

98 3.8152715.51315.13364.47415.14 1.4957 1.6322

99 3.8929688.6338.85368.34412.16 1.5058 1.6235 100 3.9724651.18373.01373.3407.68 1.5188 1.6109

制冷剂R a热力性质表 压熵焓粘密比热

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-630.0131482.6430.7695119.7002359.41620.6673 1.8080.810.597 1.21880.68450.12230.0063 4.72E-07 1.09E-05 -620.01391479.8780.8193120.9201360.0470.6731 1.80560.81090.5993 1.22020.68710.12180.0064 4.64E-07 1.03E-05 -610.01491477.1080.8717122.1414360.67840.6789 1.80330.81180.6017 1.22160.68970.12120.0065 4.56E-079.73E-06 -600.01591474.3340.9268123.3641361.31040.6846 1.8010.81270.604 1.2230.69240.12070.0066 4.48E-079.19E-06 -590.0171471.5540.9846124.5883361.94290.6903 1.79870.81370.6064 1.22450.6950.12020.0066 4.4E-078.69E-06 -580.01811468.77 1.0454125.8139362.57590.6961 1.79650.81460.6088 1.22590.69770.11970.0067 4.33E-078.22E-06 -570.01931465.981 1.1092127.041363.20930.7017 1.79440.81560.6112 1.22740.70040.11910.0068 4.26E-077.78E-06 -560.02051463.187 1.1762128.2696363.84310.7074 1.79220.81650.6135 1.22890.70310.11860.0069 4.19E-077.37E-06 -550.02181460.387 1.2463129.4998364.47730.7131 1.79020.81750.6159 1.23040.70580.11810.007 4.12E-07 6.99E-06 -540.02321457.582 1.3198130.7314365.11180.7187 1.78820.81850.6183 1.23190.70860.11760.007 4.06E-07 6.63E-06 -530.02471454.772 1.3968131.9646365.74660.7243 1.78620.81950.6207 1.23340.71130.11710.0071 3.99E-07 6.29E-06 -520.02621451.957 1.4773133.1994366.38160.7299 1.78430.82040.6231 1.23490.71410.11660.0072 3.93E-07 5.97E-06 -510.02781449.135 1.5616134.4357367.01670.7355 1.78240.82140.6255 1.23650.71690.11610.0073 3.87E-07 5.67E-06 -500.02951446.309 1.6496135.6736367.65210.741 1.78060.82240.628 1.23810.71970.11560.0074 3.81E-07 5.39E-06 -490.03121443.476 1.7416136.9132368.28750.7465 1.77880.82350.6304 1.23960.72250.11510.0074 3.75E-07 5.13E-06 -480.03311440.637 1.8377138.1543368.92290.7521 1.7770.82450.6328 1.24130.72540.11460.0075 3.7E-07 4.88E-06 -470.0351437.793 1.938139.3971369.55840.7576 1.77530.82550.6353 1.24290.72820.11410.0076 3.64E-07 4.65E-06 -460.0371434.942 2.0427140.6416370.19380.7631 1.77360.82650.6377 1.24450.73110.11360.0077 3.59E-07 4.43E-06 -450.03911432.085 2.1518141.8877370.82910.7685 1.7720.82760.6402 1.24620.73410.11310.0078 3.54E-07 4.22E-06 -440.04131429.222 2.2655143.1355371.46430.774 1.77040.82860.6426 1.24780.7370.11260.0078 3.48E-07 4.03E-06 -430.04361426.352 2.384144.3851372.09940.7794 1.76880.82970.6451 1.24950.740.11210.0079 3.44E-07 3.84E-06 -420.04611423.476 2.5074145.6363372.73420.7848 1.76730.83070.6476 1.25120.7430.11160.008 3.39E-07 3.67E-06 -410.04861420.593 2.6359146.8893373.36870.7902 1.76580.83180.6501 1.25290.7460.11110.0081 3.34E-07 3.5E-06 -400.05121417.703 2.7695148.1441374.0030.7956 1.76430.83280.6526 1.25460.7490.11060.0082 3.29E-07 3.35E-06 -390.0541414.807 2.9085149.4006374.63680.801 1.76290.83390.6551 1.25640.75210.11010.0083 3.25E-07 3.2E-06 -380.05681411.903 3.0529150.6589375.27030.8063 1.76150.8350.6576 1.25810.75520.10960.0083 3.21E-07 3.06E-06 -370.05981408.992 3.2031151.919375.90340.8117 1.76020.83610.6601 1.25990.75830.10910.0084 3.16E-07 2.93E-06 -360.06291406.073 3.359153.181376.53590.817 1.75880.83710.6627 1.26170.76140.10860.0085 3.12E-07 2.8E-06 -350.06611403.148 3.5209154.4447377.1680.8223 1.75750.83820.6652 1.26350.76460.10820.0086 3.08E-07 2.68E-06 -340.06951400.214 3.689155.7104377.79940.8276 1.75630.83930.6678 1.26540.76780.10770.0087 3.04E-07 2.57E-06 -330.0731397.273 3.8633156.9779378.43030.8329 1.7550.84040.6703 1.26720.7710.10720.00873E-07 2.47E-06 -320.07671394.324 4.0441158.2474379.06040.8381 1.75380.84150.6729 1.26910.77430.10670.0088 2.96E-07 2.36E-06 -310.08041391.367 4.2316159.5187379.68990.8434 1.75260.84260.6755 1.2710.77760.10620.0089 2.92E-07 2.27E-06 -300.08441388.402 4.4259160.792380.31860.8486 1.75150.84380.6781 1.27290.78090.10580.009 2.89E-07 2.18E-06 -290.08851385.428 4.6271162.0672380.94650.8538 1.75030.84490.6807 1.27480.78420.10530.0091 2.85E-07 2.09E-06 -280.09271382.446 4.8356163.3444381.57350.8591 1.74920.8460.6833 1.27670.78760.10480.0092 2.82E-07 2.01E-06 -270.09711379.456 5.0514164.6237382.19970.8642 1.74820.84710.686 1.27870.7910.10430.0092 2.78E-07 1.93E-06 -260.10171376.456 5.2748165.9049382.8250.8694 1.74710.84820.6886 1.28070.79440.10390.0093 2.75E-07 1.85E-06 -250.10641373.448 5.5059167.1881383.44920.8746 1.74610.84940.6912 1.28270.79790.10340.0094 2.72E-07 1.78E-06 -240.11131370.43 5.745168.4735384.07250.8798 1.74510.85050.6939 1.28470.80140.10290.0095 2.68E-07 1.72E-06 2/6

制冷剂的种类及特性

氨（R717）的特性 氨（R717、NH3）是中温制冷剂之一，其蒸发温度ts为-33.4℃，使用范围是+5℃到-70℃，当冷却水温度高达30℃时，冷凝器中的工作压力一般不超过1.5MPa。 氨的临界温度较高（tkr=132℃）。氨是汽化潜热大，在大气压力下为1164KJ/Kg，单位容积制冷量也大，氨压缩机之尺寸可以较小。 纯氨对润滑油无不良影响，但有水分时，会降低冷冻油的润滑作用。 纯氨对钢铁无腐蚀作用，但当氨中含有水分时将腐蚀铜和铜合金（磷青铜除外），故在氨制冷系统中对管道及阀件均不采用铜和铜合金。 氨的蒸气无色，有强烈的刺激臭味。氨对人体有较大的毒性，当氨液飞溅到皮肤上时会引起冻伤。当空气中氨蒸气的容积达到0.5-0.6%时可引起爆炸。故机房内空气中氨的浓度不得超过0.02mg/L。 氨在常温下不易燃烧，但加热至350℃时，则分解为氮和氢气，氢气于空气中的氧气混合后会发生爆炸。 氟哩昂的特性 氟哩昂是一种透明、无味、无毒、不易燃烧、爆炸和化学性稳定的制冷剂。不同的化学组成和结构的氟里昂制冷剂热力性质相差很大，可适用于高温、中温和低温制冷机，以适应不同制冷温度的要求。 氟里昂对水的溶解度小，制冷装置中进入水分后会产生酸性物质，并容易造成低温系统的“冰堵”，堵塞节流阀或管道。另外避免氟里昂与天然橡胶起作用，其装置应采用丁晴橡胶作垫片或密封圈。 常用的氟里昂制冷剂有R12、R22、R502及R1341a，由于其他型号的制冷剂现在已经停用或禁用。在此不做说明。 氟里昂12（CF2CL2，R12）：是氟里昂制冷剂中应用较多的一种，主要以中、小型食品库、家用电冰箱以及水、路冷藏运输等制冷装置中被广泛采用。R12具有较好的热力学性能，冷藏压力较低，采用风冷或自然冷凝压力约0.8-1.2KPa。R12的标准蒸发温度为-29℃，属中温制冷剂，用于中、小型活塞式压缩机可获得-70℃的低温。而对大型离心式压缩机可获得-80℃的低温。近年来电冰箱的代替冷媒为R134a。 氟里昂22（CHF2CL，R22）：是氟里昂制冷剂中应用较多的一种，主要以家用空调和低温冰箱中采用。R22的热力学性能与氨相近。标准气化温度为-40.8℃，通常冷凝压力不超过1.6MPa。R22不燃、不爆，使用中比氨安全可靠。R22的单位容积比R12约高60%，其低温时单位容积制冷量和饱和压力均高于R12和氨。近年来对大型空调冷水机组的冷媒大都采用 R134a来代替。 氟里昂502（R502）：R502是由R12、R22以51.2%和48.8%的百分比混合而成的共沸溶液。R502与R115、R22相比具有更好的热力学性能，更适用于低温。R502的标准蒸发温度为-45.6℃，正常工作压力与R22相近。在相同的工况下的单位容积制冷量比R22大，但排气温度却比R22低。R502用于全封闭、半封闭或某些中、小制冷装置，其蒸发温度可低达-55℃。R502在冷藏柜中使用较多。 氟里昂134a（C2H2F4，R134a）：是一种较新型的制冷剂，其蒸发温度为-26.5℃。它的主要热力学性质与R12相似，不会破坏空气中的臭氧层，

新型制冷剂热力性质的快速计算及其特性研究

文章编号：1671-6612（2009）02-029-03 新型制冷剂热力性质的快速计算及其特性研究 陈锦华 敖永安 沈 琳 王聪民 高兴全 （沈阳建筑大学市政与环境学院 辽宁 110168） 【摘 要】 提出了新型制冷剂R407C 、R410A 及R227热力性质的快速计算方法，并对其特性分析比较。借 鉴Cleland 制冷剂热力性质简化计算公式，拟合出热力性质快速计算方程的系数，并从运行效率、经济性和安全性等角度来研究新型制冷剂的特性。结果在制冷空调的常用温度范围内，检验拟合系数的计算精度与Cleland 给出的其他制冷剂拟合精度相仿，在某些性能上新型制冷剂要优于被替代物。此快速计算方法可应用于装置的仿真和优化计算及装置或过程的实时控制。R407C 、R410A 能很好作为R22的替代物，R227是一种很有前途的制冷剂，很有可能作为混合物的一种阻燃组份用于HCFC 的混合替代物中，或作为热泵中CFC 的纯质替代物使用。 【关键词】 制冷剂；热力性质；计算；特性研究 中图分类号 TQ025 文献标识码 A The Comparison of Characteristics of Thermal Performance and Optimization and Simulation Calculation Method of Several New Refrigerant Chen Jinhua Ao Yong’an Shen Lin Wang Congmin Gao Xingquan （Institute of Urban Services and Environment , Architecture University , Liaoning, 110168） 【Abstract 】 Through comparing the thermodynamic properties of new refrigerant of R407C, R410A and R227,propose an optimization and simulation method. By using the simplified calculation formula of refrigerant of Cleland,draw the coefficient of quick calculation equation of thermodynamic properties,and study the characteristics of the new refrigerant from various angles such as operating efficiency, economy and security.result in the commonly used temperature range of refrigerating air-conditioning, the calculation accuracy of fitting coefficient is similar to fitting precision of other refrigerants which Cleland gives. In some performance,the new refrigerant is superior to the alternatives.conclusion This quick calculation method can be applied to simulation and optimization calculation of the device and the device or process real-time control. R407C, R410A can replace R22 very well, R227 is a promising refrigerant,it is possiblily used in the mixed HCFC alternatives as one flame-retardant component of the mixture,or as pure alternative of the CFC in the heat pump. 【Keywords 】 refrigerant ; thermodynamic properties ; calculation ; characteristics study 基金项目：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划重大项目（2006BAJ03B01） 作者简介：陈锦华（1981-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事建筑节能研究。 收稿日期：2008-11-06 0 引言 制冷工质的热力学性质和热物理性质数据是制冷系统流动、传热计算的基础。传统的查图表方法因效率低且精度不够，不满足系统仿真、优化计算及实时控制的要求，而被具有较高精度的简单快速计算公式所取代。许多研究者致力于这方面的工作，并提出了繁简不一的理论公式和经验方程。考虑到在装置的仿真和优化计算时，对制冷剂热力性质计算的速度和稳定性有较高的要求及在装置或过程的实时控制时，不可能在控制模块中附加很复杂的计算程序，因此笔者提出了简化快速计算方法。 第23卷第2期 2009年4月 制冷与空调 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning V ol.23 No.2 Apr. 2009.29～31

常用制冷剂简介

常用制冷剂简介 制冷剂又称制冷工质，是制冷循环的工作介质，利用制冷剂的相变来传递热量，既制冷剂在蒸发器中汽化时吸热，在冷凝器中凝结时放热。当前能用作制冷剂的物质有80多种，最常用的是氨、氟里昂类、水和少数碳氢化合物等。 1987年9月在加拿大的蒙特利尔室召开了专门性的国际会议，并签署了《关于消耗臭氧层的蒙特利尔协议书》，于1989年1月1日起生效，对氟里昂在的R11、R12、R113、R114、R115、R502及R22等CFC类的生产进行限制。1990年6月在伦敦召开了该议定书缔约国的第二次会议，增加了对全部CFC、四氯化碳（CCL4）和甲基氯仿（C2H3CL3）生产的限制，要求缔约国中的发达国家在2000年完全停止生产以上物质，发展中国家可推迟到2010年。另外对过渡性物质HCFC提出了2020年后的控制日程表。 HCFC中的R123和R134a是R12和R22的替代品。 热力学的要求 1 在大气压力下，制冷剂的蒸发温度(沸点)ts要低。这是一个很重要的性能指标。ts愈低，则不仅可以制取较低的温度，而且还可以在一定的蒸发温度to下，使其蒸发压力Po高于大气压力。以避免空气进入制冷系统，发生泄漏时较容易发现。 2 要求制冷剂在常温下的冷凝压力Pc应尽量低些，以免处于高压下工作的压缩机、冷凝器及排气管道等设备的强度要求过高。并且，冷凝压力过高也有导致制冷剂向外渗漏的可能和引起消耗功的增大。 3 对于大型活塞式压缩机来说，制冷剂的单位容积制冷量qv要求尽可能大，这样可以缩小压缩机尺寸和减少制冷工质的循环量；而对于小型或微型压缩机，单位容积制冷量可小一些；对于小型离心式压缩机亦要求制冷剂qv要小，以扩大离心式压缩机的使用范围，并避免小尺寸叶轮制造之困难。 4 制冷剂的临界温度要高些、冷凝温度要低些。临界温度的高低确定了制冷剂在常温或普通低温范围内能否液化。 5 凝固温度是制冷剂使用范围的下限，冷凝温度越低制冷剂的适用范围愈大。 制冷剂分子式分子量u 正常蒸发温度ts(℃) 凝固点tf(℃) 临界温度tkp(℃) 临界压力PKP绝对压力绝热指数K 水（R718） H2O 18.02 +100 ±0 +374.1 225.6 1.33 氨（R717） NH3 17.03 -33.4 -77.7 +132.4 115.2 1.31 R11 CFCL3 137.39 +23.7 -111 +198 44.6 1.17 R12 CF2CL2 120.92 -29.8 -155 +111.5 40.86 1.15 R13 CF3CL 104.47 -81.5 -180 +28.8 39.4 -

常见制冷剂热力性质表

附录： 附表1：R12饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表 附表2：R13饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表 附表3：R22饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表 附表4：R134a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表 附表5：R152a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表 附表6：R600a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表 附表7：R407c饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表 附表8：R123饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表 附表9：R410a饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表

附表1：R12饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表 R12饱和液体及蒸汽热力性质表 温度绝对压力密度密度比焓比焓比熵比熵t pρ′ρ″h′h″s′s″℃MPa kg/m3kg/m3kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg·K kJ/kg·K -1000.00118851679.10.099959113.32306.090.60771 1.721 -990.00130441676.50.10908114.14306.540.61242 1.7172 -980.00142981673.90.1189114.96306.980.61711 1.7135 -970.00156531671.30.12945115.78307.430.62178 1.7098 -960.00171171668.60.14077116.6307.880.62642 1.7062 -950.001869616660.15291117.42308.320.63105 1.7026 -940.00203971663.40.16592118.24308.770.63564 1.6992 -930.00222281660.70.17983119.06309.230.64022 1.6958 -920.00241971658.10.19471119.88309.680.64477 1.6925 -910.00263111655.50.21059120.71310.130.6493 1.6892 -900.0028581652.80.22754121.53310.590.65381 1.6861 -890.00310131650.20.24561122.36311.040.6583 1.6829 -880.00336171647.50.26485123.18311.50.66277 1.6799 -870.00364041644.90.28532124.01311.960.66722 1.6769 -860.00393831642.20.30708124.83312.410.67164 1.6739 -850.00425651639.60.33019125.66312.870.67605 1.6711 -840.00459591636.90.35471126.49313.340.68044 1.6683 -830.00495781634.30.38072127.32313.80.68481 1.6655 -820.00534321631.60.40827128.15314.260.68916 1.6628 -810.005753416290.43743128.98314.720.69349 1.6602 -800.00618961626.30.46827129.81315.190.6978 1.6576 -790.00665291623.60.50087130.64315.650.7021 1.655 -780.007144916210.53531131.47316.120.70637 1.6525 -770.00766671618.30.57164132.31316.580.71063 1.6501 -760.00821981615.60.60996133.14317.050.71487 1.6477 -750.00880561612.90.65034133.98317.520.7191 1.6454 -740.00942561610.30.69286134.81317.990.7233 1.6431 -730.010*******.60.73761135.65318.460.72749 1.6409 -720.010*******.90.78466136.49318.930.73167 1.6387 -710.0115061602.20.83411137.33319.40.73583 1.6365 -700.0122781599.50.88605138.17319.870.73997 1.6344 -690.0130921596.80.94056139.01320.340.74409 1.6323 -680.013951594.10.99774139.85320.820.7482 1.6303 -670.0148541591.4 1.0577140.69321.290.7523 1.6283 -660.0158051588.7 1.1205141.54321.760.75638 1.6264

常用制冷剂种类及特性

说明 制冷剂又称制冷工质， 1987 HCFC 制冷剂的要求 热力学的要求 在大气压力下， 要求制冷剂在常温下的冷凝压力 对于大型活塞式压缩机来说，制冷剂的单位容积制冷量 制冷剂的临界温度要高些、冷凝温度要低些。临界温度的高低确定了制冷剂在

凝固温度是制冷剂使用范围的下限，冷凝温度越低制冷剂的适用范围愈大。 物理化学的要求 制冷剂的粘度应尽可能小，以减少管道流动阻力、提换热设备的传热强度。制冷剂的导热系数应当高，以提高换热设备的效率，减少传热面积。 制冷剂与油的互溶性质：制冷剂溶解于润滑油的性质应从两个方面来分析。如 应具有一定的吸水性， 应具有化学稳定性：不燃烧、不爆炸，使用中不分解，不变质。同时制冷剂本

安全性的要求 由于制冷剂在运行中可能泄漏，故要求工质对人身健康无损害、无毒性、无刺激作用。 制冷剂的分类 在压缩式制冷剂中广泛使用的制冷剂是氨、 无机化合物制冷剂：这类制冷剂使用得比较早，如氨（ 氟里昂（卤碳化合物制冷剂）：氟里昂是饱和碳氢化合物中全部或部分氢元素饱和碳氢化合物：这类制冷剂中主要有甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、丁烷和环状有机化不饱和碳氢化合物制冷剂：这类制冷剂中主要是乙烯（ 共沸混合物制冷剂：这类制冷剂是由两种以上不同制冷剂以一定比例混合而成高温、中温及低温制冷剂：是按制冷剂的标准蒸发温度和常温下冷凝压力来分

氨（ 氨（ 氨的临界温度较高 纯氨对润滑油无不良影响，但有水分时，会降低冷冻油的润滑作用。 纯氨对钢铁无腐蚀作用，但当氨中含有水分时将腐蚀铜和铜合金（磷青铜除氨的蒸气无色，有强烈的刺激臭味。氨对人体有较大的毒性，当氨液飞溅到皮氨在常温下不易燃烧，但加热至 氟哩昂的特性 氟哩昂是一种透明、无味、无毒、不易燃烧、爆炸和化学性稳定的制冷剂。不同的化学组氟里昂对水的溶解度小，

常用制冷剂R134a的特性

常用制冷剂R134a的特性 时间：2010-02-22 来源：互联网发布评论进入论坛 R134a（SUVA 134a），化学名：1,1,1,2-- 四氟乙烷，分子组成：CH2FCF3，CAS注册号：811-97-2，分子量：102.0，HFC型制冷剂，ODP值为零。R134a 的热力和物理性质，以及其低毒性，使之成为一种非常有效和安全的替代品。HFC-134a可用在目前使用CFC-12（二氯二氟甲烷）的许多领域，包括：汽车空调、家用电器、小型固定制冷设备、超级市场的中温制冷、工商业的制冷机，聚合物发泡，气雾剂产品，以及镁合金保护气体等。 R134a 作为新一代的环保制冷剂，用于替代R12（二氯二氟甲烷），R22，主要应用于汽车空调，冰箱，冷柜，饮水机，除湿机，中央空调(冷水机组)等制冷空调设备中。 用作保护气体：用于镁合金加工上的保护气体。 用于聚合物发泡：聚合物发泡。 用于气雾剂：HFC-134a也可用于那些对毒性和可燃性要求严格的气雾剂中；由于HFC-134a 的低毒和不易燃性，它被研制用于药物吸入剂的载体（即医用气雾剂）。 压缩机生产商通常建议使用多元醇酯POE（Polyol Ester）和聚二醇PAG（Polyalkylene Glycol）（汽车空调）冷冻机油。 HFC-134a的主要物化性质

中温制冷情况下CFC-12和HFC-134a理论性能的对照 膨胀阀的结构和工作原理 1热力膨胀阀的作用： 热力膨胀阀安装在蒸发器入口，常称为膨胀阀，主要作用有两个：1）节流做用：高温高压的液态制冷剂经过膨胀阀的节流孔节流后，成为低温低压的雾状的液压制冷 剂，为制冷剂的蒸发创造条件； 2）控制制冷剂的流量：进入蒸发器的液态制冷剂，经过蒸发器后，制冷剂由液态蒸发为气态，吸收热量，降低车内的温度。膨胀阀控制制冷剂的流量，保证蒸发器的出口完全为气态制冷剂，若流量过大，出口含有液态制冷剂，可能进入压缩机产生液击；若制冷剂流量过小，提前蒸发完毕，造成制冷不足；

制冷剂的类型与参数

制冷剂的类型与参数 按制冷剂包含的成份可分为： 1、单一制冷剂 2、混合制冷剂。 单一制冷剂只含有一种化学物质，其热物理性能参数恒定不变，如，R134a、R152a等制冷剂都具有较高的能量效率。 混合制冷剂是由两种或两种以上制冷剂组成的混合物。 根据它在气液相平衡时气相和液相的组成是否相等又分为： 1、共沸混合制冷剂：气液相平衡时气液两相组成相等的属于共沸混合制冷剂(包括相平衡时气液两相组成近似相等的近共沸混合制冷剂)， 2、非共沸混合制冷剂。组成不相等的属于非共沸混合制冷剂。 共沸混合制冷剂的选用与节能 共沸混合制冷剂在一定的压力下蒸发和冷凝时，气相和液相的组成不变，且能保持恒定的温度。它和单一制冷剂具有近似的热物理性能。这类制冷制是研究和应用最早、最成熟的制冷剂，现将已研究的共沸混合制冷剂列入表1中。 对于非共沸混合制冷剂，其在蒸发器中的蒸发过程及在冷凝器中的冷凝过程都是非理想混合过程。这两种非理想混合过程使得混合制冷剂在制冷系统中冷凝压力降低，蒸发压力升高，压缩机的排气温度降低。这就使得制冷机的压比降低，制冷系数提高，从而提高了制冷系统的能量效率。

不同种类的混合制冷剂具有不同的热物理性质，这就会为制冷剂的优选提供了较大的余地。对于某一固定的制冷系统，在其最佳运行工况下，要求制冷剂必须具有特定的热物理性质。合理选用不同的共沸混合制冷剂使其满足这种特定的热物理性质，就可以提高制冷系统的热力学效率，从而达到节能的效果。 由于共沸混合制冷剂可使冷凝压力降低，而同时蒸发压力升高，这样在冷凝温度和蒸发温度不变的情况下，压缩机的压比就会减小，从而使压缩机的功耗降低。因此获得同样的制冷量时就只需较少的功。同时蒸发压力的升高会减小蒸发器的真空度，使蒸发器更稳定地工作，而冷凝压力的降低会使冷凝器在更安全的状态下远行。印度的制冷专家C.P.A RORA在第十五届国际制冷学会上发表的论文中，以共沸混合制冷剂R22/R12(85/15)为例肯定了这个效果。由于压比的降低，压缩机的容积效率得到改进，制冷量增加，性能系数提高，同时压缩机的电机温度也从87.5℃降低到70.3℃，电机启动线圈的温度从97.3℃降到58.3℃，对空调器的安全运转起了重要的作用。 采用共沸混合制冷剂能够使压缩机的排气温度降低，它与制冷剂的性质密切相关。研究证明制冷剂的热容越大或绝热指数越小，则压缩机的排气温度就越低。制冷剂R115、R114、RC318的热容都很大，它们作为混合制冷剂的组分都有降低压缩机排气温度的能力。如共沸混合制冷剂R22/R115(48.8/51.2)在冷凝温度44℃、蒸发温度-12℃的情况下，其排气温度为108℃，而采用单一制冷剂R22，其排气温度为133℃；采用R12时排气温度为112℃。 非共沸混合制冷剂的应用与节能非共沸混合制冷剂在蒸发和冷凝时，温度及气液相组成是不断变化的，正是由于它在蒸发器和冷凝器中的温度变化，在蒸发器和冷凝器中实现了非等温换热，表现出它自己独特的节能特点。现将正在使用和研究的非共沸混合制冷剂列入表2中。 非共沸混合制冷剂在相变过程中出现各组分的混合与分离现象。冷凝过程是

制冷剂压-焓图 介绍

制冷剂压-焓图(lgP-h图)介绍 制冷剂的热力学性质可通过热力参数之间的关系来描述，而制冷剂的热力参数之间的关系是通过实验方法测定出来的，一般用热力学性质图、表来表示。 制冷剂的lgP—h图：(又称莫里尔图(Molliev Diagram)） 图中： K ——临界点 P ——等压线 h ——等焓线 t ——等温度线 s ——等熵线 v ——等比容线 x ——等干度线 在lgP—h图上任意一点都能表示制冷剂的一种热力状态，在一个状态点上，制冷剂具有确定的压力、温度、比容、焓和熵，以及蒸气所占的比例，即干度值X。X = 制冷剂蒸气质量 / 制冷剂总质量 饱和液体线（X=0）： 在lgP—h图上，将不同温度下的饱和液体的各点连接起来的曲线叫做饱和液体线。在饱和液体线上的各点所表示的是制冷剂饱和液体在此点压力下的饱和温度。 干饱和蒸气线（X=1）： 在lgP—h图上，将不同温度下的干饱和蒸气的各点连接起来的曲线叫做干饱和

蒸气线。在干饱和蒸气线上的各点所表示的是制冷剂干饱和蒸气在此点压力下的饱和温度。 饱和液体线和干饱和蒸气线均为粗实线，相交于临界点，这两条线将lgP—h图分成三个区域。饱和液体线左边是过冷液体区，干饱和蒸气线右边是过热蒸气区，两条曲线中间的区域为饱和区，也就是湿蒸气区，在这个区域内的制冷剂为饱和状态，区域内各点上的饱和蒸气均为湿蒸气。 等温线（t）： 将表示温度相同的各点用点划线连接起来成一条折线，这条折线就是等温线。 等温线在过冷液体区为竖直线，与等焓线重合；在湿蒸气区为水平直线，与等压线重合；在过热蒸气区为向右下方向的曲线。 等比容线（v）： 将比容相同的各点用虚线连接起来的曲线叫做等比容线。 等熵线（h）： 将熵值相同的各点用细实线连接起来的曲线叫做等熵线。 等干度线（x）： 在饱和区内将干度相同的点连接而成的曲线叫做等干度线。 在lgP—h图中，箭头所指的方向表示各参数数值增加的方向。另外，可以根据任意两个状态参数就能确定其在lgP—h图上的状态点，通过这个点，就可以查出其它几个状态参数。 在使用制冷剂的lgP—h图时，一定要首先确定该图所选取的焓和熵的基准值。在图上一般都注明温度为0℃时制冷剂饱和液体的焓和熵的基准值。不同的图中由于基准值选取不同，同一温度和压力下制冷剂的焓和熵的标值也不同，在几个图联用时，尤其需要加以注意，将读取的参数用基准值的差予以修正。

超临界区制冷剂热力性质快速计算方法

超临界区制冷剂热力性质快速计算方法1 赵丹，吴志刚，丁国良 上海交通大学制冷与低温工程研究所，上海 (200240) E-mail：glding@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/32893024.html, 摘要：提出超临界区制冷剂热力性质的隐式拟合模型,给出了超临界区制冷剂热力性质的隐式拟合、显式计算方法。该方法能够保证超临界区热力性质计算的可逆性、高速性和绝对稳定性。以REFPROP 7 的计算结果作为数据源，以CO2为例对该模型作了验证。对CO2超临界区热力性质在温度为304.15K～393.15 K，压力在7.3773MPa～12.0MPa 的数据范围内作了隐式拟合，给出了各个热力性质对应的显式快速计算公式，其计算速度比REFPROP 7 程序的计算速度平均提高了2个数量级，并且平均误差在1.8%以内。 关键词：制冷剂；超临界CO2；快速计算；基准线 中图分类号：TB 65 1．引言 超临界区制冷剂主要应用于热泵、汽车空调、复叠式制冷系统中，为了更好地研究其热泵和制冷循环过程，超临界区制冷剂的热力性质的计算必不可少。 传统的基于制冷剂状态方程的制冷剂热力性质计算模型与软件[1-2]能在较广的范围内较准确地计算制冷剂的热力性质，但在制冷空调装置的仿真计算中，制冷剂热力性质的计算模块被成千上万次地调用，由于以上方法在计算某些热力性质时需要进行迭代，使得计算速度很慢、稳定性较差(有时得不到收敛解) ，不能很好地满足制冷装置仿真的要求。为此，文献[3-4]提出了纯工质和混合工质制冷剂在亚临界区和临界区的热力性质隐式拟合、显式计算方法，很好地满足了制冷装置仿真的要求，具有开创性的意义。但文献[3-4]中并没有阐述超临界区制冷剂热力性质的计算方法，而直接应用文献[3-4]中的计算方法对超临界区制冷剂热力性质进行计算，误差会在100%以上，不满足精度要求。所以有必要在超临界区提出新的制冷剂热力计算方法。 本文在文献[3-4]的基础上，开发出超临界区制冷剂的热力性质隐式拟合模型及显式快速计算方法，并以CO2为例对该方法做了验证。 2．隐式拟合模型 仿真计算中，针对超临界区热力性质的计算，一般有2 种情况： 1)已知压力p 和温度T ，求其他的热力性质(如焓h 、熵s 、密度ρ等) ；即为：h=f(p,T)、s=f(p,T)、ρ= f(p,T)、λ=f(p,T)、μ=f(p,T)和c p=f(p,T)。 2)已知压力p和其他的热力性质(如焓h、熵s、密度ρ等) ，求温度T；即为：T=f(p,h)、T=f(p,s)、T=f(p,ρ)、T=f(p,λ) 、T=f(p,μ) 和T=f(p, c p)。 但对于c p在临界区附近的数值是无穷大，很难通过拟合办法得出其隐式拟合公式，同时由于c p=dh/dT，所以可以通过以上公式间接求出c p的值。又因为在仿真计算中，T=f(p,λ) 、T=f(p,μ) 和T=f(p, cp)几乎没有应用，故略去对这些公式的计算。综上所述，需要求出的计算公式为：h=f(p,T)、s=f(p,T)、ρ= f(p,T)、λ=f(p,T)、μ=f(p,T)、T=f(p,h)、T=f(p,s)、T=f(p,ρ)。 通过观察分析发现，随温度的变化，各条等温线上的物性参数与某一温度T0(T0表示高 1本课题得到高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助课题（项目编号：20050248019）和国家自然科学基金（项目编号：50576053）的资助。

1.2常用制冷剂的性质

教案 授课教师：审阅签名：提交日期：审阅日期：

教学引入（3分钟） 新课讲授（30分钟） 讲授 提问 常见制冷剂性质 （一）对于常见制冷剂性质请同学们自行对照教材了解，主要注意以下几个方面： 1.气味 2.毒性 3.燃烧、爆炸性、腐蚀性 4.跟润滑油、水的溶解性 5.热力性能 6.来源、成本 （二）氨（R717）的特性 （三）氨（R717）的特性 （四）氟里昂的特性 （五）制冷剂对环境的影响 一、臭氧层破坏： 制冷剂总是会泄露，当氟利昂分子在高空受到紫外线照射后产生下列反应： CF2Cl2——CF2Cl+Cl Cl+O3——ClO+O2 ClO+O3——Cl+2O2 一个Cl原子可以破坏数百万个臭氧分子，最终导致臭氧层破坏。 二、温室效应 载冷剂选择要求 )载冷剂在工作温度下应处于液体状态；其凝固温度应低于工作温度，沸点应高于工作温度。 2)比热要大，在传递一定冷量时，可使载冷剂的循环量小。使输送载冷剂的泵耗功减少，管道的耗材量也将减少，从而提高循环的经济性 3)导热系数要大，可增加传热效果，减少换热设备的传热面积。 4)粘度小，密度也要小，以减少流动阻力和输送泵的功率。 5)化学稳定性好，载冷剂应在工作温度下不分解，不与空气中的氧气起化学反应，不发生物理化学性质的变化。不燃烧、不爆炸，挥发性要小。6)要求对人体和食品、环境无毒、无害，不会引起其他物质的变色、变味、变质。 7)不腐蚀设备和管道。 8)价格低廉，便于获得。 在实际工程中使用的载冷剂有：水、氯化钠水溶液、氯化钙水溶液、乙二醇水溶液、甲醇、乙醇、三氯乙烯、二氯甲烷和三氯氟甲烷等。 对于5℃以上的系统一般直接采用水作为载冷剂，对于0℃~-50℃的系统一般采用盐水作为载冷剂。在食品加工和药品加工中一般采用酒精水作为载冷剂。一些特殊场合会用到三氯乙烯、二氯甲烷和三氯氟甲烷等。 常用载冷剂的特性 用的载冷剂有空气、水、盐水和有机物。 1、空气： 空气作为载冷剂在冷库及空调中多有采用。空气比热容较小，所需传热面积大。 2、水： 水是一种比较理想的载冷剂，它比热容大，密度小、对设备和管

气体热力学性质表

一、制冷用图形符号(JB/T7965-95) 1 主题内容与适用范围 本标准规定了制冷用阀门及管路附件、制冷机组、辅助设备、控制元件等的图形符号。 本标准适用于绘制制冷系统的流程图、示意图和编制相应的技术文件。 2 引用标准 GB4270 热工图形符号和文字代号 GB4457.4 机械制图图线 GB4458.5 机械制图尺寸注法 GB1114 采暖、通风与空气调节制图标准 3 一般规定 3.1 本标准中的图形符号一般用粗实线绘制，线宽b应符号GB4457.4的规定，对管路、管件、阀及控制元件等，允许用细实线(线宽为b/3)绘制。在同一图样上，图形符号的各类线型宽度应分别保持一致。 3.2 文字代号应按直体书写，笔划宽度约为文字高度的1/10。 3.3 图形符号允许由一基本符号与其他符号组合，图形符号的位置允许转动。 3.4 绘制图形符号时，可按本标准所示图例，按比例适当放大或缩小。 3.5 在不违反本标准的前提下，各单位可作出补充规定。 4 介质代号 介质代号见表1。 表 1 5 图形符号 5.1 管道 管道的图形符号见表2。 5.2 管接头 管接头的图形符号见表4。 5.3 管路弯头及三通 管路弯头及三通的图形符号见表5。 表 2 表 3 表 4 表 5 (续表) 5.4 阀门 阀门的图形符号见表6。 5.5 控制元件和测量用表

控制零件和测量用表的图形符号见表7。 5.6 管路附件 管路附件的图形符号见表8。 5.7 动力机械 动力机械的图形符号见表9。 5.8 辅助设备 辅助设备的图形符号见表10。 5.9 制冷机组 制冷机组的图形符号见表11。 5.10 空调系统 空调系统的符号应符合GBJ 114的规定。 表 6 (续表) 表 7 (续表) 表 8 (续表) 表 9 (续表) 表 10 (续表) 表 11 二、制冷空调电气技术资料 表2-1 电气技术中项目种类的字母代码表 (续表) 注:因为一个项目可能有几种名称,故可能有几个字母代码,使用时应选较确切的代码。表2-2 我国电气设备常用文字符号新旧对照表 (续表)