大学英语翻译期末考试复习

期末复习

现给大家厘清一下复习思路：

考试卷面分：60 分

考试题型：五种

I 选择更好的译文（10×1’）

（备课组长说有可能是两选一，也可能是三选一）

例如讲义上的第1页

It may be safely assumed that, two thousand years ago, before Caesar set foot in Southern Britain, the whole country-side visible from the windows of room, in which I write, was in what is called “the state of nature.”

A.我们可以有把握地设想，二千年前，在凯撒到达不列颠南

部之前，从我正在写作的这间屋子的窗口，可以看到整个原野都是处于所谓“自然状态”之中。

B.赫胥黎独处一室之中，在英伦之南，背山而面野，槛外诸

境，历历如在几下。乃悬想二千年前，当罗马大将恺彻未到时，此间有何景物。

II翻译评析（15分）

翻译评析评分标准：从翻译的标准（5分）、翻译的方法和策略（5分），以及翻译的技巧（5分）三方面谈。

请复习讲义pp2-4、pp14-29

翻译的标准有传统的：信达（忠实和通顺），有现代奈达的：

从形式对等—到动态对等—最后到功能对等

翻译的基本方法：直译与意译

翻译的基本策略（这是组长这样分的，其实都是翻译的方法）：归化与异化

翻译的技巧：词的技巧—词义的确立、词类转换译法、增加、省略、延伸、正反反正译法

句子的技巧—三大从句的译法

III 长句的翻译（3×5’）

两个英语句子，一个汉语句子。

例如1：

Ther e is nothing more disappointing to a hostess who has gone to a lot of trouble or expense than to have her guest so interested in talking politics or business with her husband that he fails to notice the flavor of the coffee, the lightness of the cake, or the attractiveness of the house, which may be her chief interest and pride.

最令女主人失望的是，她花了许多心思或费用来招待客人，可是这位客人只顾津津有味地与她的丈夫谈政治、谈生意，却没注意到香喷喷的咖啡，松软的糕点，或房间内讲究的陈设，而这些却可能是她感到兴趣并引以自豪的主要所在。

例如2：

He had flown in just the day before from Georgia ①where he had spent his vacation basking in the Caucasian sun after the completion of the construction job ②he had been engaged in in the South③.

他本来在南方从事一项建筑工程；③任务完成之后，他就上格鲁吉亚度假，享受高加索的阳光，②昨天才做飞机回来。①

原文“在南方从事一项建筑工程”放在句子的最后部分，但是事情发生的时间却在最先；在格鲁吉亚度假也是回来以前的事情，但是叙述中却放在回来这一事件之后。而在汉语译文中则几项事情都是按发生时间的先后顺序安排。

组长说一个汉译英的长句可能来自讲义的pp55-58

IV 段落英译汉

是否来自各章后面的佳译描红呢？不知道啊。

不过英译汉的段落个人认为无非就是将在词的层面：确定词的意义，在将词放在上下文中，看能否直译，不能直译就意译，在词的文化意象处理上：无非就是归化和异化，归化就是更照顾译入语的文化，异化就是更保持源语的文化形象，更富有异国情调；在句子层面：无非就是将长句拆译成短句，按照时间、空间、原因、转折、让步各种逻辑顺序来译。

例如：

Altogether Autumn

It’s time to plant bulbs. But I put it off as long as possible because planting bulbs means, marking space in borders which are still flowering. Pulling out all the annuals which nature has allowed to erupt in overpowering purple, orange and pink, a final cry of joy. That would almost be murder, and so I’ll wait until the first night frost anaesthetizes all the flowers with a cold, creaky crust that causes them to whither; very gentle death. Now I wonder through my garden indecisively, trying to hold on to the last days of late summer.

试看你们同学译的，还不错

又到了种植百合的季节，但我想尽可能把这事放一放，因为这意味着占用仍在开着花的花坛，拔掉所有盛开的各色植物，阻碍她们绽放最后的美丽，那简直就是谋杀。我宁愿等到一夜寒风令她枯萎，冻得吱吱作响，然后轻柔的凋零。我在花园中彳亍，尽力去品味夏天的尾巴。

下面一段你们自己译看看

The trees are plump with leafy splendor. The birch is so soft rustling gold, which is now fluttering down like an unending stream of confetti. Soon November will approaching with its autumn storms and leaden clouds, hanging above your head like soaking wet rags. Just let it stay like this, I think, gazing at the huge mysterious shadows the trees conjure up on the

shining green meadows, the cows languidly flicking their tails. Everything breathes an air if stillness, the silence rent by the exuberant colors of asters, dahlias, sunflowers and roses

The morning begin chilly. The evenings give you shivers and cold feet in bed. But in the middle of the day, the sun breaks through, evaporating the mist in the grass, butterflies and wasps appear and cobwebs glisten against windows like silver lace. The harvest of whole year’s hard work is on the trees and bushes; berries, beech mast, chestnuts, acorns.

V For this part, you are asked to translate a passage from Chinese into English.（10分）

已经做过很多汉译英的训练了，汉译英的关键是确立主语和谓语，其它宾语、定语、状语、非谓语动词就往句子里塞好了；在词的层面要注意用词准确，汉译英的关键是整合句子，别忘了英语很多情况下是形合啊

例如：

农历七月初七，即“七夕节”（the Qixi Festival），也叫“双七节”（the Double Seventh Day）或“乞巧节”（the Qiqiao Festival），是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日。QiXi Festival, the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, also called the Double Seventh Day or the Qiqiao Festival is one of

the most romantic traditional festivals.

此节源于我国民间传说------牛郎（the Cowherd）织女（the Weaver Maid）的爱情故事。

This festival originated from Chinese folklore legend—the love story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Maid.

因为关乎爱情，故现在城里的年青人也把“七夕节”称为中国的“情人节”。

Because it is related to love, the urban youths also call it Chinese Valentine’s Day.

七夕节普遍的习俗是妇女们，特别是未结婚的姑娘们在当晚举行各种乞巧活动。

The common practices for QiXi Festival are that women, especially maidens hold various skill-pleading activities.

她们穿针引线验巧，做些小物品赛巧，摆上些瓜果乞巧。They do the needling work to test skills, make some handcraft articles to compete in skills for the winner and offer fruits on an altar to plead skills.

通过这些活动，姑娘们表达了希望自己跟织女一样有着灵巧双手的美好愿望。

With these activities, the maidens express their wishes that they can have the same dexterous hands as those of the Weaver Maid.

【注释】“乞巧”活动为“七夕节”的传统节目，指的是姑娘们摆放出各种水果，向神仙祈求赐教各种做手工艺技巧的方法，故乞巧可译为“skill-pleading”。文中凡是涉及到“巧”的均可理解成“技巧”。

大学英语翻译训练

1. 我已经戒掉睡前吸烟的坏习惯，再也不用听妻子不断地发牢骚了。(give up) Having given up the bad habit of smoking before bedtime, I no longer have to hear my wife complaining all the time. 2. 与其他同龄人不同的是，他迷恋京剧。(set apart from; be addicted to) What sets him apart from other people of his age is that he is addicted to Beijing Opera. 3. 她对他用情至深，愿意克服任何障碍与他结婚。(so that; obstacle) She is so much in love with him that she’s ready to overcome any obstacle to marry him. 4. 只是在考试成绩出来之后，我才意识到必须更加刻苦才能不落后。(only; keep up with) Only after the result of the exam came out did I realize I would have to work harder to keep up with the others. 5. 作为主要谈判人，她在打破双方之间的障碍上创造了奇迹。(miracle) As chief negotiator she has performed miracles in breaking down barriers between the two sides. 6. 您无需担心，男士是不允许进入这个房间的。(need; allow sb. to do sth.) You don’t need to worry. Men are not allowed to get into this room. 7. 如果要我在上大学还是去工作两者间选择，我会选择前者而非后者。(instead of) If I had to make a choice between going to college and finding a job, I would choose the former instead of the latter. 8. 尽管说明书上说“一次吃一片”，他还是一下子吃了三片。(in spite of; at a time) In spite of the instruction of taking one pill at a time, he took three all at once. II. Translate the following sentences into English. 1. 我们将让班长来制定野餐计划的具体细节。 We will leave it to the monitor to work out the details of the picnic plan. 2. 基于我们销售情况的预测，我们明年将开始盈利。 On the basis of our sales forecasts, we may begin to make a profit next year. 3. 无论情况多么复杂，他都能应付自如。 No matter how complicated the situation was, he could coupe with it successfully. 4. 归结起来有两条出路：你或者改进工作，或者辞职。 It comes down to two choices; you either improve your work, or you leave. 5. 有尽管她父亲在公司，但她那份工作却是靠自己得到的。 Although her father is in the firm, she got the job on her own. 6. 他的口音太重，很难听出他在说什么。 With his strong accent, it is hard to figure out what he is trying to say. 7.我正在做心理准备，打算向我的老板要求加薪。 I am psyching myself up to ask my boss for a rise. 8. 我得把他们的电话号码赶快记下来，以免忘了。 I will just jot down their phone number lest I should forget it. 9. 他把整整几页的信息压缩成论文中的一段。 He has boiled whole pages of information down to one paragraph in the paper. 10. 看来她已经很快适应了她的新公司。 It seems that she has settled in very quickly at her new company. 1. 似乎总是这样的——你赚得越多，你花得就越多。(the more…, the more…) It always seems the more you earn, the more you spend. 2. 革命运动对他们的利益造成了直接的威胁。(pose) The revolutionary movement poses a direct threat to their interests.

新视野大学英语翻译答案

汉译英 Unit1 1.无论你是多么富有经验的演说家，无论你做了多么充足的准备，你都很难在这样嘈杂的招待会上发表演讲。（no matter how） No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech ，you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception. 2.就像吉米妹妹的朋友都关系吉米一样，吉米也关系他们（just as） Just as all his sister ’ s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them 3.汽车生产商在新车的几处都印有汽车识别号码，以便帮助找回被盗的车辆。（track down）Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles. 4.老师回来时你敢告我状的话，我就不再和你说话了。（tell on） If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more. 5.有些老年人愿意独自过日子，但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活。（on one’s own） Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children. 6.现在需要面对的事情是：如何筹集创建公司所需的资金。（reckon with） Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company. Unit2 1.被告是位年仅30岁的女子，她坚持称自己无罪 The defendant, a woman of only 30, kept insisting on her own innocence. 2.总体看来，枣、豆类以及一些多叶的绿色蔬菜是最好的铁质来源。 All tings considered, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of iron . 3正餐时不供应饮料，饮料会影响消化。 No beverages are served with meals because they interfere with digestion. 4.考虑到那个地区受欢迎的程度，提前订旅馆是明智的。 Taking the popularity of the region into consideration, it is advisable to book hotels in advance. 5.服药后若有呕吐感，请立即停止服用并立刻咨询医生。 If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug, stop taking it immediately and consult your doctors as soon as possible. 6.总结这次讨论时，他说双方都要好好考虑怎样以最有效的方法来解决这一问题。 Summing up the discussion, he said both parties should consider the most effective way to solve the problem. Unit3 1.在思维方面，与他的行为一样，他是非常传统的。 In his thinking, as in his behavior, he is very traditional. 2..教师一旦同意接受新的教学计划，他们就得面对新计划所带给他们的压力。 Once the teachers agree to accept the new teaching program, they have to face the strain it puts on them. 3.从长远看，大学毕业后继续深造而不是直接参加工作是值得的。 In the long run, it is worthwhile to pursue one ’ s study after graduatin g from university instead of going to work directly. 4.由于这所学校的办学宗旨是品德第一，所以道德观和学习成绩受到同样的重视。 As the school operates on the Character First principle, moral values and academic achievements are stressed equally. 5.据说，原定于这个月召开的会议将推迟到下个月召开。

大学英语翻译练习题

1．现在各行各业的人越来越多地依靠计算机来解决各种难题. Now people in different walks of life depend more and more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems 2．他已做出计划,每月留出一些钱准备明年去北京旅行. He has made a plan to set aside some money every month for a trip to Beijing next year. 3．现代科学技术的发展使社会发生了巨大的变化. The development of modern science and technology has brought about great social changes. 4．直到会议结束之后,他才放弃自己的想法. It was not until after the meeting that he gave up his idea. 5．我们不要怕别人指出我们的缺点。 We should not be afraid of having our shortcomings pointed out. 6．雨下的太大了，我们出不了门. It rained so hard that we couldn’t go out. 7．请务必在离开营地前把所有的火都熄灭掉。 Please make sure to put out all the fires before leaving the camping ground. 8．我们不能排除天气有变坏的可能性. We can not rule out there possibility that the weather may turn out to be bad. 9．要么做好失败的准备,要么干脆别做 .Either prepare yourself for failure or don’t do it at all . 10. 一看到多年未见的老友,她突然哭了起来. At the sight of the old friend she hadn’t seen for years, she burst into tears. 11. 他自失业以来减少了他的日常开支. He has cut down on his daily expenses since he lost his job. 12. 当被问及为何不愿与姐姐同在一屋时, 她只是一声不吭. When asked why she didn’t want to share the room with her sister, she just kept silent. 13. 请务必安排最好的摄影师在结婚典礼上照相. Be sure to arrange for the best photographer to take pictures at the wedding ceremony. 14. 他是否受过正规训练与成为一名优秀的演员并不相干. Whether he has received formal training or not is not relevant to being a fine actor. 15. 诸如空气污染和交通拥堵之类的问题早已引起政府的关注. Such problems as air pollution and heavy traffic have already attracted the government’s attention. 16. 那部新电影是根据真实故事而制作的,我认为它值得一看. I think it worthwhile to see the newly-released film which is based on a true story. 17. 那项新技术可能使他们的产量翻一番. This new technique may enable them to double their production. 18. 即使面前有许多困难,我们也决心要进行这项实验. We are determined to carry out the experiment even if there are a lot of difficulties before us. 19. 请提前一周把申请表寄至人事部门. Please send your application form to the personnel department a week in advance. 20. 他没有把录音机送回到商店,而是决定自己修理. Rather than take it back to the shop, he decided to repair the recorder himself. 21. 在市长的帮助下，我们最终获准接触这起交通事故的受害者。 With the mayor’s help, we were finally allowed access to the victime of the traffic accident. 22. 这是一次冒险的行动，请务必让他知道。

大学英语四级翻译练习题 篇汇总

2017年6月大学练习题13篇汇总 1.中国菜 请将下面这段话翻译成英文： 中国菜(cuisine)是中国各地区、各民族各种菜肴的统称，也指发源于中国的烹饪方式。中国菜历史悠久, 流派(genre)众多，主要代表菜系有“八大菜系”。每一菜系因气候、地理、历史、烹饪技巧和生活方式的差异而风格各异。中国菜的调料(seasoning)丰富多样，调料的不同是形成地方特色菜的主要原因之一。中国菜强调色、香、味俱佳，味是菜肴的灵魂。中国饮食文化博大精深，作为世界三大菜系之一的中国菜，在海内外享有盛誉。 参考翻译: Chinese cuisine is a general term for the various foods from diverse regions and ethnic groups of China. It also refers to cooking styles originating from China. With a long history, Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, the main representatives of which are "Eight Cuisines". Every cuisine is distinctive from one another due to the differences in climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle. Chinese cuisine contains a rich variety of seasonings, which is one of main factors contributing to different local special dishes. Chinese cuisine lays emphasis on

大学英语翻译练习

Translation Exercises 1. 电子书E-book 现在人们习惯于使用智能手机、平板电脑或者专门的电子阅读器来阅读。电子书越来越为人们所接受。电子书史一种数字形式的书，它可以包含文字、图片或者两者兼有。从传统意义上讲，电子书纸质书的电子化，但其实许多电子书并没有纸质的对应物，电子书已成为一种新型书籍。电子书已数字形式存储，因此人们随时都可以阅读。 ●Nowadays people are used to reading on smart phones, tablet PCs, or specialized e-readers. E-book, a kind of book in digital form that may contain texts and images or both, is increasingly gaining ground. Traditionally, it refers to the electronic version of a printed book. However, many e-books actually do not have printed equivalents and have become a new kind of books. With e-books being stored digitally, people can read them at anytime. 2. 自驾游Self-driving 自驾游属于自助旅游的一种，是近年来我国新兴的旅游方式。自驾游在选择目的地、参与程序和体验自由等方面给旅游者提供了伸缩自如的空间，与传统的参团旅游相比具有本身的特点和魅力。随着自驾车旅游者的增多，自驾游市场已具规模，越来越多的旅行社、汽车俱乐部、汽车租赁公司看好并涉足这一市场的开发。 ●Self-driving tour, a sort of self-help travel, is an emerging mode of travel in China in recent years. It provides travelers with great flexibility in selecting destinations, participating procedures and experiencing freedom, which endow it with differentiating characteristics and charms from the traditional group tour. As the self-driving tourists increases, the self-driving tour market has begun to take shape; more and more travel agencies, car clubs and car rentals are optimistic about it and engage in market development. 3. 秋千Swing 秋千的起源可以追溯到上古时代。爬树或跨越溪流的工具就是秋千的雏形。从汉朝开始，荡秋千逐渐成为一种在清明节和其它一些节日进行的民间活动。秋千是一种游戏用具，而荡秋千是一种运动。荡秋千的人可以坐在或站在由一个架子的两条长绳子吊起来的，类似一块踏板之类的东西上来回摆动。荡秋千有很多形式，比如说单人荡、双人荡等。 ●The origin of swing can be traced back to the antiquity. Those tools for climbing trees or crossing streams are the embryonic forms of swing. Since the Han Dynasty, swinging has gradually become a folk activity performed on the Tomb-sweeping Day and some other festivals. Swing is a kind of game utensil while swinging is a sport. The player may sit or stand on something like a pedal which is hung by two long ropes on a frame and swing back and forth. Swinging can be categorized into many forms, such as the single swing, double swing and so on.

新视野大学英语第三版第一册课后翻译答案.doc

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