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[高中英语语法填空的解题技巧] 高中英语语法填空解题技巧

[高中英语语法填空的解题技巧] 高中英语语法填空解题技巧
[高中英语语法填空的解题技巧] 高中英语语法填空解题技巧

[高中英语语法填空的解题技巧] 高中英语语法填空解题技巧

英语语法填空被认为是一种障碍性阅读理解题型,那么你知道怎样做好英语语法填空吗?下面是小编为你整理的做英语语法填空的方法,希望大家喜欢!

高中英语语法填空解题技巧

技巧一:名词形式变化。

名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。

例:There are many students living at school,the (child) houses are all far

from schoo1.由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数,且作为houses的定语,所以应用其所有格形式,故答案为child的复合变化形式

复数的所有格children’s。

技巧二:动词形式变化。

动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气),有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。

例:A talk (give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.句中的is

written是整句的谓语,所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出,报告是将来作的,故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者,故可以判断出横线所在处用give 的不定式被动式to

be given。

技巧三:代词形式变化。

代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类,即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化,如no

one/none、other/another等。

例:The king decided to see the painter by

(he).由介词by可以看出,横线处应填反身代词himself。

技巧四:形容词、副词比较级变化。

英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式,或通过加后缀一er和.est,或在词前Imore/less和most/least,且形容词的最高级还要冠以the。

例:I am (tall)than Liu Wen.He is the tallest students in my

class.此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生,那我肯定比他矮,所以不能用taller,只能用表示程度不如的less tall。

技巧五:数词形式变化。

数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词,或加后缀一teen、ty的变化,甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式,以及one/two的特殊变化形式

once/twice

例:To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses.My eldest son shall take a

half,my second son shall take a (three).从上下文连续起来理解,这是一个分马的计划,大儿子分得a

half,也就是一半或二分之一,那么二儿子应该得三分之一,所以要填入作分母的序数词third才能命中目标。

技巧六:词的派生。

词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的,派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。

例:Lious lost his wallet yesterday,SO he was

very____(happiness).在这道题中,学生很容易判断出该用形容词;钱包丢了,人应该是不开心的,所以要再加个前缀un,就成了unhappy。

二、未给单词提示题型的技巧此类题难度较大,但也是有方法对付的。

技巧七:固定短语结构。

根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语,但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词视而不见才能命中答案。

例1:The children were playing on the ground,enjoying____,dirty but

happy.从句中的happy可以猜出孩子们是开心的,所以应用enj0y oneself短语,故其答案为themselves。

例2:His boss was____angry as to fire

him.如果跳过横线后面的angry,就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语so...as to...,所以,so是正解。

技巧八:从句引导词。

从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向,主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。

例1:He did not done_____his father had asked him to

do.审题可知,横线所在为宾语从句的引导词,此引导词在从旬中充当宾语,且指物,所以是what。

例2:Those_____want to go to the village must sign

here.经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词,进一步观察可知先行词为those,且指人,所以只能填入who,在定语从句中做主语。

技巧九:短语动词结构。

短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语,此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。

例1:The us consists____fifty

states.根据常识可知,美国由50个州组成,故横线处与前一词组合,表示由......组成,所以答案是of。

例2:Mrs Baker was ill,so her daughter had to ask forleave to take_____of

her.生病需要人照顾,所以答案是care,与前后词构成take care of。

技巧十:短语介词结构。

短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语,如:except for,due to等。

例1:Mr Smith took a plane to London____of taking a

train.此题中说到两种交通工具,所以可以理解此句有坐而不是坐的意思,故答案为instead,以构成介词短语instead of。

例2:Just then,he saw a blackboard in_____of him.细心观察,可以看出填人fr0nt即可构成in front

of,此题得解。

技巧十一:连词、关联短语结构。

常用的连词有and,or,but,so,for,while等,常用的关联短语有bothand...,eitheror...,neithernor...,not

onlybut also...等。

例1:Little Wang Jun could not go to school,_____his family was too

poor.此处表示原因,引导的分句其实是一种解释说明,不是必然的因果关系,且前面有逗号隔开,所以填for。

例2:____Marrie and Jannie like going to the

theatre.横线处的词与后面可以构成both?and,故答案为Both。

技巧十二:冠词、介词和常用的副词。

冠词只能是在a,an,the之间判断;常用的介词有in,at,on,before,during等,通常考查固定搭配;副词的量还是比较多,如:however,never,yet,much等。

例1:Jackie likes to drive at____ high speed.这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法,答案为a,构成at a high

speed,以高速开车。

例2:Old Tom’s granddaughter used to visit him_____Saturday

afternoon.Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午,所以不用介词in,而用on才是正解。

例3:Though Liu Qiang did the same work____Zhang Wen did,he got a lower

pay______Zhang Wen.第一条横线可由前面的the same断出用as,第二条横线则可由lower断出比较意义,故答案为than。

例4:It was only one day left,_____,his father had no idea to answer

him.观察上下句,可以看出是转折关系,且横线与前后用逗号隔开,排除but,所以答案是however。

技巧十三:上下文中出现的相关词。

这一招是最为灵活的,但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识,填入某个已出现的词,或其反义词,或其同类的某个词。

答案的线索可能在本句,可能出现在上下相连的一句,还可能出现在比较远的地方上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句,则线索可能在上下段的首句;如果横线出现在某段的末句,则线索可能在上下段的末句,以此类推。

例:Tony____travelling abroad,but dislikes staying home watching

TV.由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断,此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。

英语语法填空的考查范围:

1语境(上下文);

2语法:动词(时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式)、名词、代词、冠词、介词、连词固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级最高级及构词法、倒装等。

语法填空的能力要求:

1.阅读/理解语篇的能力

2.分析句子结构的能力

3.熟练运用语法的能力

4.单词拼写能力和逻辑推理能力等,对中下层考生来说,难度较大。

英语语法填空解题技巧

1.充分利用首句信息

完形填空题首句往往不设空,往往是全文的关键句,或者称为主导句,要充分利用完形填空题首句的提示作用,利用它为解题找到一个突破口,从而展开思维。

2.多角度的逻辑推理

完形填空题的解题过程首先是一个阅读的过程,必须把握作者的思路,通过联想、推测

等方法,多换角度去思考问题,使自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合。

3.从上下文寻找线索

通读全文,理顺大意,根据上下文找出信息词是做好完形填空题的关键。近年高考试题逐渐摈弃单纯的语言分析考查,而越来越侧重逻辑推理判断。就空格而言,体现了以实词为主、虚词为辅的特点,而且几乎不暴露明显的语言错误,词语在特定的语境中所表达的陷含信息大都无法只凭字面或单从个别句子甚至若干句子的表面理解获知。因此,只有借助于上下文乃至全文语境的启示或限定才能够准确作出判断。

4.利用语法分析解题

对语法、词法等基础知识的考查也是完形填空题的命题角度之一。对于这种题,要针对地对语法结构、句式特点、对短文中所设空格中需填的词在句子里作什么成份、哪类词适合、应采取什么形式等等进行必要的分析思考,从而迅速解决问题。比如,选用动词就要考虑各种时态、语态、语气、主谓搭配以及其如何与其他词类使用等一系列问题。

5.利用文化背景和生活常识解题

做题时,若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识,注意中西方文化方面存在的差异,将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,顺理成章地选出正确的答案。

6.习惯用法和词语辨析

对词汇知识的考查主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两个方面。习惯用法是英语中某些固定的结构形态,不能随意变动。而在众多的习语当中,介词往往扮演最活跃的角色,其次是副词。词义辨析题的比重有加大的趋势,多为常用词、词组。

7.语篇标志的利用

语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语,如:表示结果层次的语篇标志firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally等;表示逻辑关系的有thus,therefore,so等;表示改变话题的有bytheway等;表示时间关系的有before,sofar,yet,now,later等。如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语,就可以迅速理清文章的脉络,弄清上下文的关系。

完形填空四句话口决:

把握全文明主线;

固定搭配记心间;

原词再现莫错过;

上下求索是关键。

感谢您的阅读!

高一英语语法填空专题练习

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高中英语语法填空专题训练和答案

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