超全面英汉翻译笔记_2

产的化学药品
4、heavy sea 波涛汹涌的海面
5、heavy sleep：熟睡
6、heavy smoker：烟瘾大的人
7、heavy current：强电流
8、heavy eater：食量大的人
9、heavy task：繁重的任务
10、heavy food：油腻而难消化的食物
11、heavy traffic:拥挤的交通
12、heavy weather：恶劣的天气
13、heavy road：泥泞的路
14、heavy rain：大雨
15、heavy clouds：厚云
16、heavy crops：丰收
17、heavy frost：浓霜
18、heavy wine：烈酒
19、heavy news：悲痛的消息
20、heavy heart：忧愁的心
21、heavy fire：猛烈的炮火
22、heavy bread：没有发酵好的面包
23、heavy wire：粗线
24、heavy load：重载
25、heavy storm：暴风雨
26、heavy reader:沉闷冗长的读物


“强度”怎么说？
1、intensity:指强烈的程度，多用于磁、电、热、光、声、火、劳动等抽象或非（易于触摸到的）实体。
例：colour intensity intensity of light

2、strength:指坚强的程度，用于可触摸到的具体实物抗拒能力的大小。
strength of cement(水泥标号) engine strength
working strength


你打牢“基础”了吗？

1、base：指有形、具体的基础、基地。
base line 基线 base plate 底座
cotton base 产棉区 data base 数据库
paint base 底漆 raw material base 原料基地

2、basic：基本的，碱性的
basic Bessemer steel 底吹碱性转炉钢
basic hole 基孔 basic industry 基础工业
basic material 碱性材料

3、basis：无形、抽象的基础、根据
econimic basis 经济基础
hole basis 基孔制
scientific basis 科学根据

4、foundation：指大厦建筑物的地基，引申为“根据”
foundation bolt 地脚螺栓
material foundation of society社会物质基础
reinforced concrete foundation钢筋混凝土基础
The rumour has no foundation这传闻毫无根据


你了解这些“组织”吗？

1、construction：指“构造”（将零部件装配，组合在一起成为整体的方式）；“结构”（各组成部分的搭配和排列，建筑物上承担重力部分的构造）
aircraft construction飞机构造
welded construction焊接结构
This machine is simple in construction这种机器构造简单
body construction车身（机身、弹体）构造
capital construction基本建设
physical construction机械构造
prefabricated construction预制构造
ships of similiar construction结构类似的船

2、structure：“结构、组织”
age structure年龄构成
atomic structure原子结构
steel stucture钢结构
shell stucture薄层结构
brick stucture砖建筑物
geological stucture地质构造
market stucture市场结构
microscopic stucture显微组织
The human body is a wonderful stucture人体是个奇妙的构造物
the stucture of a plant一种植物的构造



"charge"涵义知多少？

1、费用：service charge服务费；
2、责任：in charge of 负责；
3、

装料：furnace charge炉料；
4、电荷：induced charge感应电荷；
5、装药：shaped charge锥孔炸药


再解“develop”

1、发展：
agriculture develpopment
social development
industrial develpopment
development in foreign affairs

2、开发
water-power development
oil-field development
development of natural resouerces
interllectual development

3、研制
advanced development远景产品研制，样机试制
under development
engineering development
operatinal development产品改进性研制
exploratory development探索性研制

4、开拓
ore development
lateral development水平开拓

5、展开（用于数学）
series development级数展开
development of function函数的展开

6、显影
chemical development化学显影
over development显影过度
time development定时显影


The shade meaning of "power":

【数学】乘方、幂
The sixth power of two is sixty-four.
【力学】
力：horse power
功率：rated power额定功率
【电学】
电力：power network
电源：power switch
功率：power export
【化学】
能：chemical power
本领：catalytic power催化本领
化合价：Aluminium has a conmbining power of three.
【机械】
动力：power shaft传动轴
力：brake power
【社会】
力量：knowlege is power
权力：politica power
强国：superpower



The shade meaning of "system":

【机电】
系统：electric light system电照明系统
lubricating system润滑系统
电力网：system fault电力网故障
装置：tierod-crank system连杆曲柄装置
top charging system炉顶装料装置
设备：loading system转载设备
制：basic hole(shaft) system基孔（轴）制
【数学】组：system of equations
【力学】系：system of forces
【化学】法：acid system酸法
【社会】
体系：industrial system
制度：social system
方法：a new system of teaching foreign language
The shade meaning of "work":
工作：work experience
工件：stamp work模锻工件
工厂： NO.1 Motor Vehical Works
工事：defence works
著作：new works on acupuncture针刺疗法新书
功：mechanical work
运转：The machine works well.
加工：The wood works easily.
起作用：The medicine works.
造成：work wonders(miracles)创造奇迹
The shade meaning of "sound":
【声音】sound wave
【听起来】The plan sounds reasonable.
【发音】sound every syllable!每个音节都要发音。
The ship moved slowly forward sounding as she went.航船慢速前进，一路锤测水深。
【完好的】sound metal优质金属
【牢固的】sound casting 坚实的铸件
The sahde meaning of "sound":
【圆的】round plate
【整的】a round ton
【环形】a round trip往还一次
【圆角】fillet and round内圆角和外圆角
【弹】guided round (missile)导弹
【围绕】The moon moves round the earth.
【到处】show sb round
【使圆】round the corners

【舍入】3.14159 rounded to four decimals becomes 3.1416
废物"之说：
1、litter：并不是真正意义上的废物，而是用后散置的“杂物”，相当于odds and ends，或索性说是残余物（leavings）
Always pick up your litter after a picnic.
2、waste：真正的废物，美国人常用trash,此字还有“残屑”、或“垃圾”之意。
垃圾篓美国人用trash can；英国用dustbin.美国人把南方的穷苦白人叫the (poor) white trash;可见，此词又可作“无价值的人或物”解释。
That book is mere trash.
3、rubbish：范围广，真正的废物。也可表惊叹“Rubbish(胡说！)”
英国人常说：That book is all rubbish.
4、厨房残屑:kitchen refuse或refuse：此词做废物或无用之物讲，但一般指固体废物，不指可排泄的垃圾。
5、到垃圾的地方：a dumping ground; a dumping-place for rubbish; a rubbish dump.
6、junk:垃圾、废物。原意是“破烂货”。
His writing is all junk.
7、废人、社会渣滓：human waste; debris; dregs of population; off-scourings of humanity; dross of mankind; hobo
He is now a "has-been"(他现成了废物)＝He outlived his usefulness.
Commitment译法:
动词commit在字典中涵义：
1、 犯、行、作：commit a crime; commit a blunder; commit murder; commit suicide
2、 委托、付诸：commit some funds to the care of trustees(委托资金与保管委员会)；commit a bill(议会将议案交付委员审查)；commit thoughts to writing(将想法写出来)；commit something to memory(暗记某事)；
3、 承担：If you agreed to give a number of lectures, help to pay your brother’s school expenses, and give $ 500 a year for clothes, you have quite a lot of commitments.
4、 (束缚身体之意转为)牵累，陷入，献身：Do not commit yourself(勿自限累)；commit oneself to a promise;
例析：
1、 In the last decade, however, we have sought to fulfill the goal with greater zeal, greater commitment, and greater success than at any period in our history.
在过去十年中，我们比历史上任何时期都力求更加热心地、更加献身地、更加成功地来达到这个目标(献身)。
2、（李光耀对新加坡人的定义）A Singaporean is a person who feels committed to upholding society as it is—multi-racial, tolerant, accommodating, forward-looking---and who is prepared to stake his life for the community.
一个新加坡人就是一个对现存的多元种族、容忍互助而又高瞻远瞩的社会，以献身精神来支持它，并装备为它付出生命的人（献身的）。
3、I believe that both candidates should make it absolutely clear that they share a basic commitment to the success of the negotiations now taking place in Paris.
我相信两党的总统候选人，都应绝对明确地表示，他们对于促成现在巴黎举行的商谈成功，具有基本的言语约束（言约）。
4、 he second imperative of our policy

for peace is that we must meet our commitment and keep our promises to use our strength to oppose aggression.
我们和平政策的第二条诫命，就是我们必须尽我们的义务，守住我们的诺言，竭尽所能，反抗侵略(诺言)。
5、 Vietnam may be a bitter hoax or it may be a major commitment in the defense of freedom, but it will go away because we yell “foul”; it will not fade because we blow retreat.
越南可能是一种痛苦的玩笑，也可能是在保卫自由中的一个大的牵累，它不会因为我们大叫讨厌而走开，也不会因为我们鸣金收兵而消失（牵累）
6、 The report said that new commitments of US$50.7 million during fiscal year 1968 raised total investments of the International Finance Corporation in private enterprises in its member countries to US$271.8 million in 39 countries.
1968年会计年度新的投资计有5070万美元，使得国际金融公司在其他会员国的私人企业总投资，39个国家共达27180万美元（投资）。
7、 The Japanese have faithfully observed their commitments.日本人忠实地遵守了投降条件（条件）。
其他：
an all-around commitment（全面的约束）
to give a precipitate commitment(给以轻率的

保险种种：

accident insurance意外保险
accident death insurance意外死亡保险
accounts receivable insurance应收帐款保险
additional insurance加保
agricultural insurance农业保险
air transport insurance空运保险
air transportation cargo insurance空运货物保险
aircraft hull insurance飞机机身保险
aircraft passenger insurance飞机乘客保险
all risks insurance综合保险
annuity insurance年金保险
automobile insurance汽车保险
aviation insurance航空保险
aviation liability insurance航空责任保险
aviation personal accident insurance航空人身意外保险
bad debt insurance坏帐保险
baggage insurance行李保险
bailee's customers insurance受托人代客保险
basic insurance基本保险
blanket insurance总括保险
block insurance船舶保险
boiler explosion insurance锅炉爆炸保险
bond insurance债券保险
bonding insurance保证保险
broker insurance保险掮客
building insurance建筑物保险
burglary insurance盗窃保险
business interruption insurance业务中断保险
business liability insurance营业责任保险
capital insurance资本保险
cargo insurance货物保险
cargo marine insurance海洋货运保险
cargo transportation insurance货物运输保险
carrier's liability insurance承运人责任保险
cash messenger insurance现金运送保险
casualty insurance不幸事故保险, 灾害保险
cattle insurance家畜保险
cede insurance分保
child's insurance儿童保险
civilliability insurance民事责任保险
civil responsibility insurance责任保险
collective insurance集体保险
collective accident insurance集体灾害保险
collision insurance碰撞保险
commercial cre

dit insurance商业信用保险
commission insurance佣金保险
compensation insurance职工赔偿保险
comprehensive insurance综合保险, 全程保险
compulsory insurance强制保险
concurrent insurance同时保险
consequential damage insurance间接损害保险
consequential loss insurance间接损失保险
consignment export insurance寄售输出保险
consignment sale export insurance寄销出口保险
consignment stock insurance寄销货物保险
continued insurance继续保险
convertible insurance转换保险
cost and insurance成本加 保险价
credit insurance信用保险
credit life insurance信用人寿保险(借款人死亡时, 应将赔偿金付给放款人)
crop insurance作物保险
damage insurance损失保险
death insurance死亡保险
deferred insurance
搁置保险
deposit insurance
存款保险
disability insurance
残废保险
disbursements insurance
船舶费用保险
domestic insurance
家计保险
domestic animal transportation insurance
家畜运输保险
double insurance
双重保险
duty insurance
关税保险
earthquake insurance
地震保险
economic policy insurance
经济政策保险
education insurance
教育保险
elevator liability insurance
电梯责任保险
employee's pension insurance
职工退休养老保险
employer's liability insurance
雇主责任保险; 职工伤害保险
employment insurance
就业保险
endowment insurance人寿定期保险, 养老保险, 储蓄保险
endowment life insurance人寿定期保险
engineering insurance工程保险
erection insurance机器安装保险
excess insurance超额保险
exchange risk insurance外汇风险保险
exhibition insurance展览保险
expected profit insurance预期利润保险
explosion insurance爆炸保险
export insurance出口保险, 输出保险
extended terms insurance延期保险
external investment principal insurance国外投资本金保险
facultative insurance临时保险
family income insurance家庭收入保险
farm insurance农业保险
fermentation insurance发酵保险
fidelity insurance职工忠诚保险
fire insurance火灾保险, 火险
fiscal insurance租税保险
fixed term insurance定期保险
flood insurance洪水保险
forced insurance强制保险
foreign exchange fluctuation insurance外汇波动保险
fraternal insurance互助救济保险
freight insurance运费保险
frost insurance霜害保险
full value insurance全值保险
general average disbursement insurance共同海损费用保险
general export insurance普通输出保险
government employee insurance公务人员保险
group insurance团体保险
group life insurance团体人身保险
guarantee insurance保证保险, 盗窃意外保险
hail insurance雹害保险
harvest insurance收获保险
hazardous insurance危险物品保险
health insurance健康保险
hire purchase credit insurance租赁信用保险
homeowner's insurance房主保险
hospitalization insurance医疗

保险
hull insurance船舶保险, 运输工具保险
hypothecation insurance抵押保险
imaginary profit insurance预期利益保险
immovable insurance不动产保险
inconvertibility insurance国外投资本利不能兑换汇回保险
increased value insurance增值保险
individual accident insurance个人伤害保险
industrial insurance工业保险
inland marine insurance内陆水运保险
invalid insurance伤残保险
jewellery insurance珠宝保险
jobless insurance失业保险
joint insurance合伙保险, 联合保险
joint stock insurance合股保险业
label insurance标签保险
labour insurance劳动保险

land transit insurance
陆运保险
leasehold interest insurance
租赁权益保险
liability insurance
责任保险
life insurance
人寿保险
lighter insurance
驳运保险
livestock transit insurance
活牲畜运输保险

long life insurance
长寿保险
luggage insurance
行李保险
machinery insurance
机器保险
machinery breakdown insurance
机器损坏保险
marine insurance
海洋运输保险, 海上保险, 水险
marine cargo insurance
海运货物保险
marine hull insurance
船舶保险
maritime insurance
海洋运输保险
maternity insurance
生育保险
medical expense insurance
医疗费保险
mixed insurance
混合保险

more specific insurance最特定保险
mortality insurance死亡保险
mortgage insurance不动产抵押借款保险
motor car insurance汽车保险
motor cycle insurance摩托车保险
motor vehicle passenger insurance汽车乘客保险
movable insurance动产保险
multiple-line insurance多种类保险业务
mutual insurance相互保险
national insurance国民保险, 国家保险
national health insurance
国民健康保险
no-fault insurance
无过失保险
non-concurrent insurance
不同时保险
non-life insurance
损害保险
obligatory insurance
强制保险
ocean marine cargo insurance
海洋运输货物保险
old age insurance
老年保险
open cover cargo insurance
预约货物保险单
open policy insurance
预约保险
ordinary life insurance
普通终身寿险
overlapping insurance
重复保险
overseas insurance
海外保险
overseas travel sickness insurance
海外旅行疾病保险
own insurance
自己保险, 本身保险
paid-up insurance
保费已付足的人寿保险单
parcel post insurance
邮包保险
partial insurance
部份保险
participating insurance
由相互保险公司所出的分单保险, 其利润将来仍退给投保人
passenger insurance
旅客保险
pensions insurance
抚恤金保险
perpetual insurance
终身保险
personal insurance
人身保险
petty insurance
小额保险
plate glass insurance
玻璃保险
pluvious insurance
雨水保险, 雨淋保险
postal insurance
简易保险
power interruption insurance
电流中断保险
preliminary term insurance
初期保险, 持续保险
premium insurance
保险费
prepaid insurance
预

付保险费保险
primary insurance
优先保险
product liability insurance
产品责任保险
professional liability insurance
职业责任保险
profit insurance
利润保险
property insurance
财产保险
proprietary insurance
营业保险
provisional insurance
暂时保险
public liability insurance
公众损害保险, 公共责任保险
pure endowment insurance
生存保险, 养老保险
rain insurance
雨害保险
reduced paid-up insurance
减额支付保险
registered mail insurance
挂号邮件保险
rent insurance
房租保险
replacement insurance
重置或修复保险
residence insurance
住家保险
retirement income insurance
退休收入保险
river hull insurance
内河船舶保险
river transportation insurance
内河运输保险
robbery insurance
盗劫保险
shipping insurance
船运保险
sickness insurance
疾病保险
social insurance
社会保险
specific insurance
特定保险
state insurance
国家保险
storm and tempest insurance
暴风雨保险
straight life insurance
终身保险
strike expenses insurance
罢工追加费用保险
subsidiary insurance
附属保险
supplementary insurance
追加保险
survivorship insurance
共有财产中归后死者所得的联合保险
term insurance
定期保险
theft insurance
盗窃保险
time insurance
定期保险
time hull insurance
船舶定期保险
title insurance
产权保证保险
tourist luggage insurance
旅客行李保险
transit insurance
内陆运输保险
traveller's accident insurance
旅客意外保险
trust insurance
信托保险
unemployment insurance
失业保险
unexpired insurance
未到期保险
use and occupancy insurance
固定开支保险
voluntary insurance
自愿保险
voyage insurance
航次保险
waiting insurance
停止保险
war risk insurance
战争险, 兵险
water pipe insurance
水管保险
whole life insurance
终身保险
windstorm insurance
风暴险
workmen's insurance
工人保险
workmen's compensation insurance
劳工保险
yacht insurance
游艇保险
insurance for adult
成人保险
insurance for medical care
医疗保险
insurance of export-import goods
进出口货物保险
insurance of valuables
贵重物品保险
insurance or guarantee of private loans
私人贷款保险或担保
替代词one, ones, that, those在比较结构中的用法辨析
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在比较结构中，为了避免重复，常用替代词替代名词词组或它的中心词。可以这样用的替代词常用的且较难掌握的有one， ones，that和those。
I．替代词one和ones的用法：
1．one只能替代单数名词，one的复数形式ones只能替代复数名词。例如：
My child doesn't like this book．Show her a more interesting one．
2．替代词one或ones必须带有一个限定或修饰词，它们和所替代的名词中心词所指不一定

是同一对象，这是替代词one或 ones在用法上的一个重要特征。例如：
I don't like this book．I'd like a more interesting one．
3．当替代词one或ones带有后置修饰语时，它们前面总有定冠词。例如：
Our new cassette is more expensive than the one we had before．
4．当替代词one或ones在形容词比较级、最高级以及某些限定词如this，that， which和序数词等之后，可以省略。例如：
This book is much better than that（one）．
5．替代词one或ones通常不用在物主代词和名词所有格之后。如不可说my one（s），your one（s），Peter's one（s）等等。one或 ones也不能用在own之后。
但是，如果有了形容词，one（s）可以和物主代词及名词所有格连用。如：
My cheap camera seems to be just as good as John's expensive one．
6．one作替代词时，在of前面不能用 the one来表示所属关系和类似概念。如不可说：
＊He put down his gun and picked up the one of Henry．
该用一个所有格来表示 He picked up Henry's．

7．当两个形容词表示对照的意思时，不能使用替代词 one。仅在其中一个形容词后加上名词即可。例如：
Don't praise the younger child in the presence of the elder．
8．替代词 one如果不带任何前置修饰语，即它的前面既没有限定词，又没有形容词时，便不是替代名词词组的中心词，而是替代整个名词词组。这时，one＝a＋单数名词。例如：
A cake made of wheat costs less than one made of rice．（one ＝a cake）
one的这种用法是泛指同类事物中的任何一个，相当一个不定冠词，因此它没有复数形式。要泛指复数事物，只能用some。例如：
Here are a few apples．Would you like some（＝some of them）？
II．替代词that和those的用法：
1．that和those通常用作指使代词，也可用作替代词。它们总是伴随着限定性的后置修饰语，分别等于the one和 the ones。例如：
The houses of the rich are generally larger than those of the poor．
2．that也可替代不可数名词，但是 the one则不能。例如：
The resistance of a thicker wire is less than that of a thin one．
以上两例中的that都不能换成the one。
3．that作替代词，只能指物，不能指人。those作替代词，既可指物，也可指人。例如：
The blonde girl I saw was older than the one you were dancing with．
该句中的the one不能换成that。
4．that用作替代词和它所替代的名词词组的中心词的“数”可以不一致。替代单数名词时，只替代“the ＋单数名词”，不可替代“a＋单数名词”。例如：
The song by Schubert is more tuneful than that by Britain．（that＝the song。song为可数名词。）
请注意，这里说的that只替代“the ＋单数名词”，不可替代“a＋单数名词，系指that在句子

中实际的作用，并非要求它在句子中所代表的前面出现的词组必须是“the ＋单数名词。例如：
In those days they lived a life worse than that of a beast of burden．
在该句中，前面出现的词组为a life，但that替代的却是the life。
that作为替代词，它不能用于零关系分句（即没有关系代词的定语从句）之前。例如：

The problem confronting us today is not dissimilar from that which the nation confronted in the 1930s．
流落到美语里的汉语
现代社会各国语言相互渗透，美语中外来语也很多。长期以来，笔者的兴趣之一就是注意日常美语里的中文。本篇搜集了其他方面的一些词汇，按字母排序如下：
Cheong-sam——长衫。原特指女性节庆时穿的红色旗袍，后泛指袍装。
Confucius——孔子。显然是从“孔夫子”音译而来。
Dingho——顶好，最佳。一家著名的东方杂货连锁店就以此命名。不过虽然此词被收入部分辞书，但一般美国人似乎不懂这个词的意思。
Fengshui——风水。现在看风水在美国已是很时髦的事了，各种相关书籍充斥市场。
Ginseng——人参。主要指北美一带出产的“花旗参”，又称“西洋参”。
Gung-ho——热情高涨，极感兴趣。这个词在美语里用的频率特高，人们常挂在嘴边，比如：At first everyone is gung-ho about this idea.But now no-body even talks about it.（刚开始大家对这个想法都抱有极大的兴趣和热情。而现在谁也不提它了）。但对于这个词的原意却说法不一。有人认为是从“干活”这个词派生而来，也有人认为是从公共合作社的缩写“公合”而来，还有人认为是从“更好”这个词转化来的。笔者倾向于此词派生于“干活”的说法。
IChing——《易经》。
Kowtow——极其卑顺的态度。来自中文的“磕头”。
Kungfu——中国武术。中文原词为“功夫”。
Lao-tzu——老子。
Mah-jong——麻将。
Sampan——指单帆或需用桨划的小船。来自“舢板”。
Silk——丝绸。源于中文的“丝”。
Tai-chi（chuan）——太极或太极拳。
Tao——道。道教。
TaoTeChing——《道德经》。
Tofu——豆腐。
Tong——秘密组织，帮会。从汉语“堂”派生而来。
Typhoon——台风。
YinandYang——阴阳。这些词的拼法大多延用韦氏（Wade Giles）音标。
另外，有一句常用话，虽然里面没有一个中文字，但公认是从中国话里搬来的，这句话就是“Long time no see”———很久不见。
“群”的表达
观众a crowd of spectators
一群人a crowd of people
一群人a throng of people
一群影迷a throng of film fans
一群女学生a group of girl students
一群旁观

者a group of onlookers
一群欢迎者a troop of welcomers
一群示威者a troop of demonstrators
注：
CROWD：无组织或者无秩序的人群；
THRONG： 为数众多的挤在一处或向前涌去的群；
GROUP：有一定组织的；
TROOP：正常行进中的群
一群才子a galaxy of talents
一群美女a galaxy of beauties
一群匪徒a band of gangsters
一群劫匪a gang of robbers
一群建筑物a cluster of buildings
一群海岛a cluster of islands
注：
GALAXY：出色或著名的人物群；
BAND/GANG：有明显在轻蔑色彩，强盗、匪徒等的群（帮、伙）；
CLUSTER：集结物体的群（簇、堆）。

一群羊a flock of sheep
一群鸭a flock of ducks
一群牛a herd of cattle
一群马a herd of horses
一群豺狼a pack of wolves
一群猎犬a pack of hounds
一群猴子a host of monkeys
一群蜜蜂a swarm of bees

注：
FLOCK： 飞鸟家禽、牲畜等的群，尤指羊群；
HERD：大动物的群；
PACK：野兽、猎犬等的群


自己收录一些句子（英汉翻译），大家看看吧：

1．As they grow old, people also accumulate belongings for two other reasons: lack of physical and mental energy—both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away—and sentiment.
分析：该句包含了并列结构被分割的情况。lack of physical and mental energy和sentiment 是并列结构，作two other reasons的同位语。但是被非限定性定语从句both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away分割。
译文：人们随着日趋年迈，积存物品还有其它两个原因：一是缺乏体力和精神，两者在清理和扔掉无用之物时不可或缺，二是感情上的原因。
2．Old Henry and his wife Phoebe were as fond of each other as it is possible for two old people to be who have nothing else in this life to be fond of.
分析：连词as 引导的比较状语从句中，it 代替for two old people to be。to be 后省略了fond of each other。to be 做分割成分。
译文：象两位老人一生中没有其它什幺东西可爱而彼此相爱一样，老亨利和他的妻子芬比也互相爱慕。
3．It is the insistence, as a first consideration, upon the interdependence of the various elements in, and parts of, the United States—a recognition of the old and permanently important manifestation of the American spirit of the pioneer.
分析：insistence 后接upon the interdependence of the various elements in, and parts of, the United States, 中间被插入语as a first consideration 分割，做进一步说明。该句选自美国前总统罗斯福在1933年的就职演说。汉语中动词用得较多，翻译时可把名词转译为动词。
译文：我们首先应考虑的是，坚持美国国内各种因素之间、各个部分之间的相互依赖关系——即承认体现传统的和永远重要的美国开拓精神。
4．A better knowledge of China’s

civilization would lay open to us an empire of learning, hitherto fabulously described.
分析：lay open 和 an empire of learning 被介词短语 to us 分割。本句选自英国前首相撒切尔夫人1982年在中国欢迎宴会上的讲话。翻译时要注意转译的应用。如把“better”译为副词“更好地”。
译文：更好地了解中国的文明，将为我们打开一个知识的王国，对这个王国迄今只有神话般的描述。
5．In the last eight years there were difficult, almost non-stop negotiations and reported threats of failure, ultimately overcome by a combination of creative compromise and stubborn determination—indeed, some call it unprecedented determination—to succeed.
分析：本句的主干结构是：…there were negotiations and…threats of failure。“overcome by…”是过去分词短语，修饰 threats of failure。stubborn determination 和其定语动词不定式“to succeed”被“indeed, some call it unprecedented determination”分割。
译文：在最后的八年里，进行了艰苦卓绝的、几乎是不间断的谈判，其间屡经失败之虞，但最终通过创造性的协调和要取得成功的顽强决心——确实有人称之为前所未有的决心——而渡过难关，取得了胜利。
6．Abraham Lincoln is the most famous instance of the claim that Americans often made that in their country a man may rise from the lowest to the highest position.
分析：the claim 和其同位语 that in their country a man may rise from the lowest to the highest position 被 the claim 的定语从句that Americans often made 分割。同位语从句在翻译时可按照顺序翻译，将其翻译为分句。
译文：美国人常认为，在他们国家，一个人的地位可以从社会最底层上升到社会最上层，亚伯拉罕·林肯就是极好的例子。
7．To such length did she go in rehearsal that two actors walked out.
分析：such…that 结构可将such或含有such 的词组放在句首，使全句采用部分倒装。与此用法类似的还有so…that结构。
译文：她在排演中搞得太过分，以致两名男演员退出不干了。
8．Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West.
译文：1980年那里的人口普查统计资料也不如远西地区的更能生动地说明美国人对宽敞的生活环境的追求。
9．Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday’s “baby boom” generation reached its child-bearing years.
译文：不间断的移民浪潮也起了作用——而且随着昔日在“生育高峰期”出生的一代人达到生育年龄，婴儿的出生数量增加了，这同样起了作用。
10．Tapping the new spirit, there can be no nobler nor more ambitious task for America to undertake on this day of a new beginning than to hel

p shape a just and peaceful world that is truly humane.
分析：no nobler nor more ambitious 中的 nor 是连词，常与 neither 或 nor 连用，有时也与 no, never 等表示否定的词连用。主句是含有 no more…than 的普通比较句型。分词短语tapping the new spirit 是表示目的的状语。本句选自美国前总统卡特在1977年的就职演说。
译文：为了发扬这种新的精神，在这一新的开端开始之际，对美国来说，最崇高和最有雄心勃勃的任务是帮助建立一个真正人道、正义、和平的世界。
11．Marriage has never been more popular and desirable than it is now——so appealing in fact, that even those who are in the process of divorce can scarcely wait for the law to allow them to marry again.
译文：婚姻从未像现在这样受大众欢迎，为大众所渴望。事实上，婚姻是如此地吸引人，以至那些正在办理离婚手续的人，几乎等不到法律的判决，就想再度结婚了。
12．There was something original，independent and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them ．这个方案有创造性，而且别出心裁，又有魅力，所以深得他们的喜欢。
13．Temperature plays the same part in the flow of heat that pres- sure does in the flow of fluids．温度在热的传导中所起的作用和压力在液体的流动中所起的作用相同。(注意使用该句式)
14．When the lights came on again, hardly a person in the city can have turned on a switch without reflecting how great a servant he had at his fingertips.
分析：在这句话中，“hardly…without”构成了“双重否定”（double negation）。虽然只有without在词形上具有明显的否定特征，但是hardly（以及scarcely, barely, few, little等）虽然没有明显的否定特征，却有否定的词义。实际上，双重否定表达的是肯定的意思，因此在翻译成汉语时，既可以将原句按照两个否定的形式表述出来，也可按照否定的语气译出。
译文：电灯又亮了，该城的人们打开开关的时候，想必几乎人人都会想到，电灯是随时可供他们使用的多幺有用的东西呀
15．There was the growing realization that for all their vastness, the resources to be found in the oceans and seas were not inexhaustible. One could not hunt whales at will without risking their extermination or catch herring limitlessly without threatening survival of the stock. There was the growing realization that for all their vastness, the resources to be found in the oceans and seas were not inexhaustible. One could not hunt whales at will without risking their extermination or catch herring limitlessly without threatening survival of the stock.
译文：人们越来越认识到，尽管海洋无边无垠，但其资源并不是取之不尽用之不竭的。人们不可能随心所欲地捕鲸而不使其遭致灭绝的危险，或无限制地捕

捞鲱鱼而不威胁到该物种的繁衍生息。
16. Anything from cosmic rays to radiation to diet may activate a dormant oncogene, but how remains unknown.
译文：任何东西，从宇宙射线到辐射，以至日常饮食，都可能激活潜伏的致癌基因，但如何激活的，仍然