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翻译课第二周课件笔记

翻译课第二周课件笔记
翻译课第二周课件笔记

WEEK 2 TRANSLATION PROCESS Literal & Liberal Translation

I Warm-up Practice

?Most automobile engines are internal combustion(内燃), reciprocating往复式

4-stroke四冲程gasoline汽油engines, but other types have been used, including the diesel煤油and the 2-stroke.

?Homer sometimes nods.

荷马有时也打盹

智者千虑必有一失/人非圣贤孰能无过/人无完人

?Selling refrigerators to the Eskimos is like carrying coals to Newcastle.

carry coal to Newcastle 画蛇添足

向爱斯基摩人推销电冰箱简直是白费力气。

?Chief Executive Donald Tsang曾荫权

Edmund Ho何厚铧

Bruce Lee 李小龙

Jackie Chan成龙

Andy Lau 刘德华

?Any person who in any manner, makes use of or accepts the use of any apparatus,

appliance, facility, privilege, or service whatsoever owned, leased, or operated by the Club, or who engages in any contest, game, function, exercise, competition,

or other activity operated, organized, arranged, or sponsored by the Club, either on or off the club premises, shall do so at his or her own risk, and shall release and hold the Club, CITIC Shanqin Bay Golf Club, their affiliates, operators, governors, Executive Committee, officers, employees, representatives, and agents harmless from any and all loss, cost, claim, injury, damage or liability sustained or incurred by him or her, resulting from encounters with snakes and/or other native wildlife while on Club property.

炒牛河Wet/ Dry-fried rice noodles with sliced beef

芒果冰沙Mango shake

II Translation Process

翻译过程四步走

1. 译前准备

2. 原文理解

3. 译语表达

4. 校对定稿

2.1 译前准备

背景知识准备

翻译目的、译文功能、翻译对象、客户要求……

Translation brief (翻译要求)

Target reader

Translation policy

Internet, books, papers,references……

2.1.1 背景知识准备

杨苡Wuthering Heights《咆哮山庄》《呼啸山庄》

2.1.2 《红楼梦》翻译

杨宪益、戴乃迭(A Dream of Red Mansions )

戴维.霍克斯David Hawkes (The Story of the Stone)

2.1.3 Internet search

有道

绍兴文理学院数据库

香港律政司数据库

北大法宝

人大法律数据库

Google ENGLISH WEBSITES

Taiwan

UK

HK

2.2 理解阶段

2.2.1 Understand the context

?I never had much in seeing you. There was no love lost between us at any time. 我向来不大想看到你,咱们俩人之间大概什么时候都不曾有过好感。(没有爱可失去)

We grumble a little now and then, to be sure. But there’s no love lost between us.

当然喽,我们有时也免不了争论几句,但是我们还是相亲相爱。(没有失去爱)?Career officers complain about our educational system that presents them with

school-leavers without ideas for employment.

下文(Employers deplore the fact that teenagers are unable to spell and write and calculate. )

译文一:负责就业的官员抱怨,我们现在的教育制度在向社会提供毕业生时根本

没有就业观念。

译文二:负责就业的官员抱怨,我们现在的教育制度向社会提供的毕业生根本没有就业观念。

2.2.2 Understand words in the context

?The old man informed us that his wife had had thirteen children, one in every

month of the year and one over besides.

老人风趣地(煞有介事地)告诉我们,他的妻子生了13个孩子,如果用一年十二个月一个月一个的话,还多出一个来。

?“死”in Chinese

死、亡、故、卒、逝、殺、毙、殒、崩、薨

亡故、身故、谢世、作古、归天、丧命、暴卒、夭折、羽化、就木、大行、殉情、挺腿、完蛋

回老家、玩儿完、填沟壑、山陵崩

溘然长逝、驾鹤西游、死于非命、玉殒香消、寿终正寝、一命呜呼、粉身碎骨、见马克思……

“死”in Engli sh

Die, expire,

Pass away,

Kick the bucket

Rest in peace

Breathe one’s last

Return to dust

Join the choir invisible

Go to one’s last home

Go to glory

Drop dead

?Sonnet 18 W. Shakespeare

?Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?

?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:

?Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,

?And summer's lease hath all too short a date:

?Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,

?And often is his gold complexion dimmed,

And every fair from fair sometime declines,

?By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:

?But thy eternal summer shall not fade,

?Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,

?Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,

?When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,

So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,

?So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

?He was the late president’s alter ego and he is a close and influential friend of the

president to be in office.

昨晚我听到他把猪赶到市场上去了

昨晚我听到他鼾声如雷,(声音就像把猪赶到市场上去一样)。

?and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish

from the earth.

民有、民治、民享之政府当免于凋零(Abraham Lincoln, the Gettysburg Address)

2.2.3 Understand the logic

?…When he was a young f ellow in the sixties.

?There is a definite link between smoking and lung cancer. But this doesn’t make

you too uncomfortable because you are in good company.

2.3 To Express/reproduce

定义:

1.. Literal translation takes sentences as its basic units and the whole text into consideration at the same time in the course of translating.

2. Literal translation strives to reproduce both the ideological content and style of the entire literary work and retain as much as possible the figures of speech and main sentence structures or patterns.

直译是指在尽量保持原文语言形式不变的基础上,用地道的译入语准确再现原作

的内容与风格。即在确切表达原文的基础上,注重原文的句子结构。

意译是指按照原文的句子结构翻译,所的译文不符合汉语习惯的情况下,重新组织句子结构,即舍形式而取内容,用贴切的译入语准确传达原作的意义。

直译不等于rigid translation(硬译、死译)

意译不等于over/under translation(翻译过度、翻译不足)

?When I want your opinion, I’ll ask for i t.

直译:当我需要你的意见时,我会问你的。

意译:(因此)请你不要插嘴。

?在《城市之光》这部电影里,卓别林扮演一个工人,经常迟到,一天中午他

上工晚了,工头对他说:You are late for the last time.

直译:这是你最后一次迟到了。

意译:(因为)你被解雇了。

?Consequently Mr. Micawber was soon so overcome that he mingled his tears with

hers and mine. (Dickens: David Copperfield)

董秋斯译: 结果密考伯先生不久就伤感得把他的眼泪和她的和我的混合起来。

张谷若译: 结果是,一会儿米考伯先生也受不了,和她和我,眼泪对流起来了。

?This film is a dramatic treatment of a threatening stoppage in a factory.

硬译:这部影片是个戏剧性的处理,关于一场有威胁性的罢工,在一家工厂里。这部影片是对一家工厂里一次有威胁性的罢工的戏剧性处理

这部影片用戏剧性的手法,表现了一家工厂里的一次罢工。

本片用戏剧性手法,表现了一家工厂面临罢工威胁的情况。

?Among the blind the one-eyed man is king.

山中无老虎,猴子充霸王。vs. 蜀国无大将,廖化充先锋。

?“I bet you can’t spell my name,” says I (George Jaxon)

“I bet you, what you dare I can,” says he.

“All right,” says I, “go ahead.”

“G-e-o-r-g-e J-a-x-o-n——Then now,” says he.

译文:“荞麦的荞,自治的治,清洁的洁,克服的克,孙子的孙——怎麽样,”他说。(张友松,张振先译《哈克贝利.费恩历险记》P.116)

2.4 Finalizing

2.4.1Checking

是否漏译、内容、排版、格式

2.4.2Polishing

Editor, polisher 中式英语之鉴

III Translation Practice

?white elephant无用且累赘之物

Fond dream黄粱美梦

Happy medium中庸之道、折中

Narrow escape九死一生

Proud flesh伤后愈合凸出的疤

?This novel was the beginning of his fame.

这部小说是他的成名作。

?These early cars were slow, clumsy, and inefficient. 早期汽车速度缓慢、身形笨重、且效率低下。

?This wine is nothing more than water.

这哪是酒,分明是水。

?He looks at everything through clouded spectacles.

他带着有色眼镜看事物

?He is a wolf in sheep’s clothes.

他是一只披着羊皮的狼

?天净沙秋思

枯藤老树昏鸦

小桥流水人家

古道西风瘦马

夕阳西下

断肠人在天涯

“Clear Sky Over the Sand” Autumn Thoughts

O'er old trees wreathed with rotten vine fly evening crows ;

'Neath tiny bridge beside a cot a clear stream flows ;

On ancient road in western breeze a lean horse goes.

Westward declines the sun ;

Far, far from home is the heartbroken one.

(元朝马致远,许渊冲译)

?It’s getting more tempting to infringe on copyright when creating

presentations, thanks to many new scanning and duplicating technologies as well as proliferating Web content.

由于新的扫描和复制技术的应用,以及网络内容的传播,在准备报告演示时,人们很难避免对他人著作权的侵害。

?Clouds float like works of art;

Stars shoot with grief at heart.

Across the Milky Way the Cowherd meets the Maid.

When Autumn’s Golden wind embraces Dew of Jades,

All the love scenes on earth,however many,fade.

Their tender love flows like a stream;

This happy date seems but a dream.

Can they bear a separate homeward way?

If love between both sides can last for aye,

Why need they stay together night and day?

鹊桥仙秦观

纤云弄巧,飞星传恨,银汉迢迢暗度。

金风玉露一相逢,便胜却人间无数。

柔情似水,佳期如梦,忍顾鹊桥归路。

两情若是久长时,又岂在朝朝暮暮。

Jay Chow’s Interview—Green Hornet

IV For your Reference

全国翻译资格水平考试网:https://www.sodocs.net/doc/357015417.html,/

大家论坛:https://www.sodocs.net/doc/357015417.html,/

中国日报:https://www.sodocs.net/doc/357015417.html,/

Washington Post: https://www.sodocs.net/doc/357015417.html,/

上海市口译证书考试网:https://www.sodocs.net/doc/357015417.html,/

北京周报英文版https://www.sodocs.net/doc/357015417.html,/

中国国际广播电台https://www.sodocs.net/doc/357015417.html,/

人民日报英文版https://www.sodocs.net/doc/357015417.html,/home.html

英语精读第二册课文翻译

UNIT 2-1 一场关于男人是否比女人勇敢的激烈的讨论以一个意外的方式。晚宴我最初听到这个故事是在印度,那儿的人们今天讲起它来仍好像实有其事似的——尽管任何一位博物学家都知道这不可能是真的。后来有人告诉我,在第一次世界大战之后不久就出现在一本杂志上。但登在杂志上的那篇故事, 以及写那篇故事的人,我却一直未能找到。故事发生在印度。某殖民官员和他的夫人举行盛行的晚宴。跟他们一起就座的客人有——军官和他人的夫人,另外还有一位来访的美国博物学家——筵席设在他们家宽敞的餐室里,室内大理石地板上没有铺地毯;屋顶明椽裸露;宽大的玻璃门外便是阳台。席间,一位年轻的女士同一位少校展开了热烈的讨论。年轻的女士认为,妇女已经有所进步,不再像过去那样一见到老鼠就吓得跳到椅子上;少校则不以为然。“女人一遇到危急情况,”少校说,反应便是尖叫。而男人虽然也可能想叫,但比起女人来,自制力却略胜一筹。这多出来的一点自制力正是真正起作用的东西。”那个美国人没有参加这场争论,他只是注视着在座的其他客人。在他这样观察时,他发现女主人的脸上显出一种奇异的表情。她两眼盯着正前方,脸部肌肉在微微抽搐。她向站在座椅后面的印度男仆做了个手势,对他耳语了几句。男仆两眼睁得大大的,迅速地离开了餐室。在座的客人中,除了那位美国人以外论证也没有注意到这一幕,也没有看到那个男仆把一碗牛奶放在紧靠门边的阳台上。那个美国人突然醒悟过来。在印度,碗中的牛奶只有一个意思——引蛇的诱饵。他意识到餐室里一定有条眼镜蛇。他意识到餐室里一定有条眼镜蛇。他抬头看了看屋顶上的椽子——那是最可能有蛇藏身的地方——但那上面空荡荡的。室内的三个角落里也是空的,而在第四个角落里,仆人们正在等着下一道菜。这样,剩下的就只有一个地方了餐桌下面。他首先想到的是往后一跳,并向其他人发警告。但他知道这样会引起骚乱,致使眼镜索受惊咬人。于是他很快讲了一通话,其语气非常威严,竟使所有的人安静了下来。我想了解一下在座的诸位到底有多大的克制能力,我数三百下——也就五分钟——你们谁都不许动一动。动者将罚款五十卢比。准备好!”在他数数的过程中,那2 0 个人像一尊尊石雕一样端坐在那儿。当他数到“……280……”时,突然从眼然处看到那条眼镜蛇钻了出来,向那碗牛奶爬去。在他跳起来把通往阳台的门全都砰砰地牢牢关上时,室内响起了一片尖叫声。“你刚才说得很对,少校!”男主人大声说。一个男子刚刚为我们显示了从容不迫、镇定自若的范例。”“且慢”,那位美国人一边说着一边转向女主人。温兹太太,你怎么知道那条眼镜蛇是在屋子里呢?”女主人的脸上闪现出一丝淡淡的微笑,回答说:“因为它当时正从我的脚背上爬过去。” UNIT2 杰斐逊很久以前就死了,但是我们仍然对他的一些思想很感兴趣,杰斐逊的箴言, 布鲁斯.布利文、托马斯.杰斐逊美国第三任总统,也许不像乔治.华盛顿和亚伯拉罕.林肯那样著名,但大多数人至少记得有关他的一件事实:《独立宣言》是他起草的。虽然杰斐逊生活在二百多年以前,但我们今天仍可以从他身上学到很多东西。他的许多思想对当代青年特别有意义。下面就是他讲过和写到过的一些观点:自己去看。杰斐逊认为,一个自由的人除了从书本中获取知识外,还可以从许多别的来源获得知识;亲自做调查是很重要的。当他还年轻的时候,他就被任命为一个委员会的成员,去调查詹姆斯河南部支流的水深是否可以通行大型船只。委员会的其他成员都坐在州议会大厦内,研究有关这一问题的文件,而杰斐逊却跳进一只独木舟去做现场观测。你可以向任何人学习。按出身及其所受的教育,杰斐逊均属于最高的社会阶层。然而很少跟出身卑贱的人说话的年代,在那个贵人们除了发号施令以外。杰斐逊却想尽办法跟园丁、仆人和侍者交谈。有一次杰斐逊曾这样对法国贵族拉斐特说:你必须像我那样到平民百性的家里去,看看他们的烧饭锅,吃吃他们的面包。只要你肯这样做,你就会发现老百姓为什么会不满意,你就会理解正在威胁着法国的革命。”自已作判断。未经过认真的思考,杰斐逊绝不接受别人的意见。“不要相信它或拒绝它。

新概念第二册课文翻译及学习笔记【Lesson52、53、54】

新概念第二册课文翻译及学习笔记【Lesson52、53、 54】 【课文】 We have just moved into a new house and I have been working hard all morning. I have been trying to get my new room in order. This has not been easy because I own over a thousand books. To make matters worse, the room is rather small, so I have temporarily put my books on the floor. At the moment,they cover every inch of floor space and I actually have to walk on them to get in or out of the room. A short while ago,my sister helped me to carry one of my old bookcases up the stairs. She went into my room and got a big surprise when she saw all those books on the floor. 'This is the prettiest carpet I have ever seen,' she said. She gazed at it for some time thenadded, 'You don't need bookcases at all. You can sit here in your spare time and read the carpet!' 【课文翻译】 我们刚刚搬进一所新房子,我辛辛苦苦地干了整整一个上午。我试图 把我的新房间收拾整齐,但这并不容易,因为我有1,000多本书。更 糟糕的是房间还非常小,所以我暂时把书放在了地板上。这会儿,书 把地板的每一点空隙都占据了,我实际上是踩着这些书进出房间的。 几分钟前,我妹妹帮我把一个旧书橱抬上了楼。她走进我的房间,当 她看到地板上的那些书时,大吃一惊。“这是我见过的最漂亮的地毯,”她说。她盯着“地毯”看了一会儿,又说:“你根本用不着书橱,空闲时你能够坐在这儿读地毯!” 【生词汇总】

十二天突破英汉翻译笔记

一天突破英文中定语从句的翻译(一) 4 英文中的介词可以翻成中文里的方位副词的动词 There is a book on the desk. 桌上有本书。 The teacher came into the classroom with a book and a dog.老师带着一本书和一只狗…… 6 一般8个单词以下定语从句前置,多于8个单词后置。定语从句翻译后置方法中,需要译出关系词。 63 非限制性定语从句需要后置译法,且翻译关系词。 7 循环套用1: 中心词+定语1+定语1的定语2+定语2的定语3+…… 翻译方法看长度: 定语1+2=3 前两者放在一起翻译 定语1=2+3 后两者放在一起翻译 14 循环套用2: 中心词+定语1+定语1的定语2 翻译时:2+1+含有中心词的句子 注: 10 which有时指前面整个句子; 14 有时定语从句远离先行词; where“在那里” 11 prior to(主张多用)=before 11 “其”是中文专门用来表示第三人称的词。 13 定语从句一般不可放在句首 13 被动语态:用“为”代替“被” 英汉差异: 13 英文中多用代词;中文多用名词,不怕重复 15 英文多用长句,不注重标定符号的使用;中文多用断句且多用标点 23 英文多用名词;中文多用动词(动词的过渡) 英译汉: 9 适时断句,避免长句 12 重要的句子在后面翻译,不重要的先翻译 15 适时增加表示逻辑关系的词,使句子更具逻辑性 第二天突破英文中定语从句的翻译(二) 18 并列套用:多个并列定语修饰一个中心词 后置译法,关系词只需译一次 18 本位词&外位词

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