张培基《英汉翻译教程》(修订本)配套题库(英汉常用的方法和技巧(中))【圣才出品】
第5章英汉常用的方法和技巧（中）
5.1 分句、合句法
一、试译下列各句，将斜体的单词或短语译成一个汉语句子
1. At present, people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply.
【译文】现在的人们都倾向于采取不偏不倚的态度来回答问题，因为它安全，不招风险。
2. George nodded, thankful that his wife was not the talkative kind.
【译文】乔治点点头，他妻子不是那种絮絮叨叨的人，对此他心存感激。
3. The intent to make an immediate gift must be clear and unmistakable, and the transfer must take immediate and permanent effect.
【译文】直接赠予的意图必须明白无误，转让行为必须立即产生效力，且该效力应具有永久性。
4. Several blocks from the park, running parallel to it, Clement Street bustles like a second Chinatown with dozens of ethnic restaurants.
【译文】离公园几个街区便是与公园平行的克莱门特街。那儿有十几家民族餐馆，热闹得如
同第二个唐人街。
5. That region was the most identifiable trouble spot.
【译文】那地区是个麻烦的地方，这是大家都容易看出来的。
6. The depth of some of those changes is , to me at least, pleasingly remarkable and extraordinary.
【译文】其中一些变化有深度，至少在我看来是非常了不起的，不同凡响，令我由衷地高兴。
7. The number of the young people in the United States who can’t read is incredible about one in four.
【译文】大约有1/4的美国青年人没有阅读能力，这简直令人难以置信。
8. A cold that rapidly grew worse caused his unlamented return to Paris.
【译文】他得了感冒，而且越来越严重，只好回巴黎去了。但是，对他的离去，谁也没有感到遗憾。
9. There is also distressing possibility that Alunni isn’t quite the catch the police thought.
【译文】还存在这样一种可能性：被抓住的那位阿鲁尼不见得就是警察当局所设想的那位头号人物。当然，这种可能性说出来叫人泄气。
10. They were understandably reluctant to join the battle.
【译文】他们不愿意参战，这是可以理解的。
【解析】译文原句中的副词“understandably”单独拎出来进行翻译，修饰整个句子。
11. Some men have been virtuous blindly, others have speculated fantastically, and others have been shrewd to bad purpose.
【译文】有些人品行端正，但却不去推究为什么要这样做；有些人深思熟虑，但却流于脱离现实；有些人非常精明，但却把精明用于邪道。
12. Let us admit, and regret, that he honestly believes it impossible to differ from him.
【译文】我们不得不承认，他真地相信凡与他抱不同见解的人不可能是一个正人君子，这是令人遗憾的事。
13. They were at home in the home of the people, moving confidently without fear. 【译文】他们在群众家里感到自在，行动时心里踏实，无忧无虑。
14. The military is forbidden to ‘kill’ the vessel, a relatively easy task.
【译文】（政府）禁止军方“击毁”这艘潜艇，虽然要击毁该艇并不怎么费事。
15. A schoolmaster, finding such errors in a schoolboy’s essay, would be justly indignant.
【译文】小学老师要是在学生的作文里发现那样的错误也一定会生气，而生气是完全应该的。
16. Characteristically, T edder concealed his feelings and watched and learned. 【译文】特德没有表露自己的感情，只是察言观色，心领神会。这是他的特点。
17. With the fear of, largely imaginary, plots against his leadership, his
self-confidence seemed totally to desert him.
【译文】由于害怕有人阴谋推翻他的领导地位，他似乎完全丧失了自信，但是所谓的阴谋在很大程度上是他自己凭空想象出来的。
18. Increased cooperation with China is in the interests of the United States.
【译文】同中国加强合作，符合美国的利益。
19. The mayor has to flatter Mr. White, the director of the supervision committee. 【译文】市长不得不吹捧怀特先生，他是督导委员会的主任。
20. Being summer, the rivers were open and navigable.
【译文】夏天已到，河流开冻，可以通航。
21. A fire broke out in a women’s tent at a Kuwaiti wedding party on Saturday
killing at least 41 people, Kuwaiti media reported.
【译文】科威特媒体报道，星期六在科威特的一个婚礼上，女宾专用的帐篷发生大火，至少
41人死亡。
22. Next door, a larger-than-expected audience of 300 attended the Fifteenth
International Conference on Environment Protection.
【译文】隔壁大厅里，参加“第十五届国际环境保护大会”的人数竟达300名之多，这真是出乎意料。
23. The answer had been there all of the time just out of reach.
【译文】答案一直摆在那里，可（他）就是没有拿到手。
【解析】译文将原文中的介词短语out of reach单独拿出来进行翻译，作为一个并列部分。
24. The skin-tight skirt and orange sweater displayed to enviable advantage a soft and slender body.
【译文】那条紧身裙和橘黄色毛衣把她柔软苗条的身材衬得恰到好处，真令人羡慕。
【解析】译文将原文中的enviable与原来的句子分开翻译，将其置于句末，强调了其重要性。
25. Yet it is painfully apparent that millions of Americans, who would never think of
themselves as law-breakers, let alone criminals, are taking increasing liberties with the legal codes that are designed to protect and nourish their society. 【译文】显然，数百万美国人从来没有想过自己会违法，更不用说犯罪了，而就是他们正在越来越肆意歪曲旨在保护和培育这个社会的法律条文，这真令人痛心。
【解析】原文中painfully apparent如照字面译成“痛心地明显的”，不合汉语表达习惯，将painfully单译成句，既突出了重点，表明作者对这一现象感到痛心的心情，又使语言自然流畅。
二、试译下列各句，将句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子
1. The shark swung over and the old man saw his eye was not alive and then he swung over once again, wrapping himself in two loops of the rope.
【译文】鲨鱼在海里翻滚过来。老头儿看见它的眼珠已经没有生气了，但是它又翻滚了一下，结果被绳子缠绕了两圈。
2. Tardiness in rising is punished by haste in eating breakfast or in running to catch the bus and may even mean the loss of a job or of advancement in business in the long run.
【译文】爱赖床的人得到的惩罚就是他们得赶着吃早餐，跑着去赶公车。而且从长远来看，还可能意味着失去工作或升职的机会。
3. It is very easy to bring some books from the bookstores and libraries, but to learn the knowledge in the books and put the knowledge into practice is by no means an easy job.
【译文】从书店和图书馆带些书回来是轻而易举的。然而，从书中学得知识，并把这些知识运用到实践中，就不是那么简单的事情了。