创新大学英语unit1-3

graduate['gr?djueit; 'gr?d?u.eit,'gr?d?uit] graduator graduated graduated graduating graduates

n. 毕业生

He is a graduate in medicine.

他是医科毕业生。

He is a graduate of Tokyo University.

他是东京大学的毕业生。

vt. 毕业，标以刻度，定等级

They graduate 30,000 engineers every year.

每年有3万名工程师从学校毕业。

This ruler is graduated in centimeters.

这把尺的刻度是厘米。

The salary scale is graduated so that you get more money each year.

工资划分成各个等级，因此职工逐年获得加薪。

vi. 毕业，获学位，逐渐变得

He will graduate from the school in May.

他将要在五月份毕业。

He eventually graduated from clerical work to his present role.

最终他从普通文员逐渐发展到现在的职位。

adj. 毕业的，获得学位的

prepare[pri'p??]

词形变化: preparedly preparer prepared prepared preparing prepares

v. 预备，准备

Older women were more likely to prepare more than one egg per menstrual cycle.

在每次月经周期中，大龄女性可能预备了更多的卵子。

Early experiments with military rockets prepared the ground for space travel.

早年对军用火箭进行的实验为发展航天技术奠定了基础。

He is preparing his speech for the meeting tomorrow.

他正准备明天集会的演说。

Prepare to alight,for we are almost there.

我们马上就要到了，准备下车吧.

Peel the pineapples and I will prepare the pineapple pie.

你把菠萝皮削了，我来准备菠萝派。

【词语用法】

1.prepare后可接双宾语。

His wife is preparing him a meal.

他老婆正在给他准备一顿饭。

2.prepare to do表示“因要……而作准备”，prepared to do表示“原意且有能力做什么”。

I am preparing to undertake the task.

我正为要担任这个工作作准备。

I am prepared to undertake the task.

我愿意且能够担任这工作。

同will not和cannot相比，be not prepared to的语气要来的更加婉转，常出现在公文中错句举例与错句分析

错句：I was busy, preparing my examination.

纠正：I was busy, preparing for my examination.

翻译：我忙于准备我的考试。

分析：prepare one's lesson可表示“预备功课”，但是“准备考试”只能在prepare后加介词for 表示“为……作准备

share[???]

词形变化: shareable sharer shared shared sharing shares

vt. 分享，分配，共有

Children should be taught to share their toys.

应该教育孩子们分享玩具。

Keep your fears to yourself but share your courage with others.

把恐惧留给自己，和他人分享勇气。

Share the fruit among your friends.

把水果分给你的朋友们。

I share a bedroom with my sister.

我和我姐姐合住一间卧室。

vi. 分享

There is only one bedroom, so we'll have to share

只有一间卧室，所以我们得合着用。

n. 一份，股份，分担，犁头

Your share of the cost is 10 pounds.

你这一份费用是10英镑。

She's got all her money in stocks and shares.

她所有的钱都投放到股票里去了。

You have to do your fair share of the work.

你必须做好你该分担的那一份工作。

share with

分享

I have very happy news to share with you.

我有很高兴的消息要告诉你。

Real estate, such as a unit in an apartment complex or a parking space in a garage, that combines fee simple title to the unit and joint ownership in the common elements shared with other unit owners.

共同管辖权不动产，如公寓中的某个房间或车库中的车位，在与其他地产单位的所有人共享时所有人要按各自的份额收取费用

My secret is an old one, which I cannot share with anyone.

我的秘密己藏了很久，我不能告诉任何人。

The number of electron pairs an atom can share with other atoms.

共用电子对数，共价一个原子与其他原子共用的电子的对数

relate[ri'leit]

词形变化: relatable relater related related relating relates

v. 叙述，使有联系，有关联

To what events did your remarks relate?

你的话指的是什么事?

It is difficult to relate cause and effect in this case.

这个案件中的动机与结果很难联系起来。

These two events were related to each other.

这两个事件相互有联系。

In what way does it relate to your current career?

这跟您目前的职业有何关联呢?。

Some adults can't relate to children.

有些成年人不理解儿童的想法。

concern[k?n's?:n]

词形变化: concerned concerned concerning concerns

n. 关心，关心的事，忧虑

Hardly a whisper of concern has been voiced.

没有人表示过一点点的关心。

Provision of shelter was their main concern for the disaster victims.

为灾民提供避难处是他们最关切的事。

I am not insensible of your concern.

我不是没察觉到你的忧虑。

vt. 涉及，影响，关心

The theory of relativity is concerned with two seemingly opposite ideas.

相对论涉及两个似乎对应的概念。

As a rule this concerns only part of the whole terminator

通常这只是影响地界线的一部分。

Local industry should concern itself with local needs .

地方工业应关心本地的需要。

n. 公司，企业

Rarely would a single concern have the entire facilities required for a complete testing program.

很少有一个公司能拥有为完成整个试验大纲所需要的全部设备。

TCL is a large concern in our country.

是我们国家的一个大企业。

【词语用法】

1.so far as ... is/are concerned，as far as ... is/are concerned，so far as concerns和as concerns 都是“就...而言”的意思。注意后两种表达中concerns用复数不用单数；

2.concern to后加不同动词有不同目的。

He was concerned to hear of her ill health.

to hear表示原因

He was concerned to improve her health.

to improve表示目的

3.concern后加不同介词时，表示不同意思。

He was concerned about the matter.

他为了这件事关心或担心。

He was concerned in the matter.

他参与了这件事。

He was concerned with the matter.

他跟这件事有关。

be concerned with常与concern意思相同，concerned with常与concerning意思相同。下面两句子意思一样：The story is concerned with a national hero.

The story concerns a national hero.

这个故事牵涉到一个民族英雄。

concerned等于that is concerned或who are concerned，如everybody concerned (每个有关的人)，all concerned (有关各方) 和the department concerned (有关部门）。注意that is不可写出；your concern for me意为“你对于我的关怀”，your concern over me 意为“你对于我的担心”；To whom it may concern或To Whom It May Concern用在不指明收信者是谁的信里，当作称呼语。这种信通常没有Yours，turely等信尾客套语。

错句举例与错句分析

错句：We are all concerned with his health.

纠正：We are all concerned for his health.

翻译：我们都很担心他的身体健康。

分析：be concerned with意为“与……有关”，be concerned for/about意为“为……担心”。

expect[iks'pekt; ik'spekt]

词形变化: expectable expectably expectedness expected expected expecting expects

v. 预期，期待，盼望

This is what we expect to happen.

这就是我们所预期将会发生的。

He is expected to get through to the finals.

我们期待他进入决赛。

At last they got the telegram they had been expecting.

最后他们收到了他们盼望的电报。

handle['h?ndl; 'h?nd?l]

词形变化: han-dleless handled handled handling handles

v. 处理，对待，操作，触，买卖

I was impressed by her handling of the affair.

我觉得她对此事的处理很了不起。

The speaker was roughly handled by the mob.

演说者受到暴民的粗暴对待。

He's not a very good teacher---he doesn't know how to handle children.

他不是一个好的老师---他不懂得如何对待孩子。

He knows how to handle the machine.

他会操作这台机器。

Customers are asked not to handle the goods in the shop.

请顾客不要触摸商店里的货物。

We don't handle that sort of book.

我们不经销那一类书。

n. 把手，柄

I turned the handle and opened the door.

我转了转拉手，把门打开。

With a violent twist,he wrenched off the handle.

他猛力一拧，将那把手拧了下来。

adjust[?'d??st]

词形变化: adjustable adjustably adjuster adjusted adjusted adjusting adjusts v. 调整，校准，调节，使适应

Could you teach me how to adjust the iris of the camera?

你能教我怎么调照相机的光圈吗？

My watch is running faster, I need to adjust it to the correct time.

我的表走快了，我得把它校准。

This kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need.

这种书桌的高低可以按照你的需要调节。

He can't adjust himself to the whirl of modern life in this big city.

他无法适应这个大都市的现代生活的忙碌。

Over the years, we all learned to adjust, to become more comfortable with each other, and to adapt to our new family arrangement.

年复一年，我们都学会了调整自己，学会了彼此宽容，学会了适应我们新的家庭规则。He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.

他很快使自己适应了这个国家炎热的天气。

【词语用法】

1.用adjust时，剧中的反身代词可以省去。

He adjusts (himself) to circumstances readily.

他把自己调整到了圣诞节的状态。

dispel[di'spel]

词形变化: dispelled dispelled dispelling dispels

v. 驱散，消除

It is the task of a fighter to dispel darkness.

驱散黑暗，这是战士的任务。

Nothing could dispel the torpidity of the indifferent audience.

任何东西都无法驱散那些冷漠观众的困倦。

I thought,if I had caused the cloud,it was my duty to make an effort to dispel it.

我想，如果是我引起了这块乌云，那我就该负责努力驱散它。

The wind soon dispelled the fog.

风很快就把雾吹散了。

We are trying to dispel his doubts.

我们正试图消除他的疑虑。

learn[l?:n]

词形变化: learnable learner learned/learnt learned/learnt learning learns

v. 学会，学习，得知

Write out this word ten times so that you learn how to spell it.

把这个字抄写十遍就能记住怎麽拼写了。

It's more useful to learn modern languages, such as English and German, than Latin.

学习英语和德语等现代语言比学习拉丁语更为有用。

I'm trying to learn English.

我正在尽力学英语。

I learned this news from the newspaper.

我从报纸上得知这个消息。

persist[p?'sist]

词形变化: persister persisted persisted persisting persists

v. 坚持，执意，继续，持续

I hope you'll persist in your efforts.

我希望你们再接再励。

He will persist in riding that dreadful bicycle.

他执意要骑那辆破自行车。

If you persist, you will annoy them even more.

你若固执，他们就更恼火了。

If you persist in breaking the law you will go to prison.

如果你再继续违法的话，你会坐牢的。

They persist with the agricultural reform, despite opposition from the farmers.

他们不顾农民反对，仍继续进行农业改革。

The cold weather will persist for the rest of the week.

这种寒冷的天气将持续到本周末。

persist in 坚持,坚决做...persist doing something 坚持做某事persist in something 坚持做某事persist with 继续努力,坚持不懈

come with

伴随... 发生

`I don't want to come with you today. ' `Oh, please yourself then!'

｀我今天不想和你一起去.＇｀哦，请便吧!＇

The boy begged that he might be allowed/begged to be allowed to come with us.

这男孩子恳求允许他和我们一道来。

In the ordinary way he would have come with us, but he's not feeling well.

在一般情况下他都和我们一起来，只是他现在身体不太好。

Won't you come with me?

你不同我来吗。

The policeman said to him, "You'd better come with me and tell me all about the accident."

警察对他说：“你最好跟我来，并告诉我这次事故的经过。＂

I'd love you to come with me.

我想要你同我来。

Please come with me.

请跟我来。

The radio says a cold front is coming, with strong winds from the northwest. The highest temperature during the day will be two degrees centigrade.

收音机说有一个寒潮要来了。它会从西北带来一阵强风。白天最高气温将只有零上二度。

lie in

在于，睡懒觉

May he rest (ie lie in his grave) in peace.

愿他安息。

It's a holiday tomorrow, so you can lie in.

明天是假日，你可以睡懒觉了。

We're going to lie in the sun and roast for two weeks.

我们打算躺著晒太阳，晒上两个星期。

Does our only hope of survival lie in disarmament?

我们求生的唯一希望就在於裁军吗?

All their hopes lie in him.

他们所有的希望都在他身上。

I caught a flu and had to lie in the bed.

我得了流感，不得不卧床休息。

The chief proof of a man's real greatness lie in his perception of his own smallness.

一个人真正伟大的主要证明在于认识到自己的渺小。

figure out

vt. 算出，想出，解决

The boy can't figure out the algebra problems.

这个男孩做不出这道代数题。

It didn't take the children long to figure out the correct answer.

孩子们没有花很多时间就算出了正确的答案。

I can't figure out why he is absent.

我弄不明白他为什么缺席。

I can't figure out why he quit his job.

我琢磨不透他为什么要辞掉工作。

He's trying to figure out a way to solve the problem.

他正在努力想办法解决这个问题。

involve[in'v?lv]

词形变化: involvement involved involved involving involves

vt. 包含，使忙于，牵涉，使卷入，使陷入

A letter of credit will involve unnecessary extra charges.

信用证包含有不必要的额外开支。

The Genius is a lovable physicist who is deeply involved in defining the workings of the universe.

老天才是一位可爱的学者，他整天忙于解释天地间的各种现象。.

Don't involve other people in your trouble.

别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。

I got involved in a quarrel about the price.

我被卷入了一场有关价格的争吵。

One foolish mistake involved him in a good deal of trouble.

一个愚蠢的错误使他陷入一大堆麻烦。

allow[?'lau]

词形变化: allowable allowably allowed allowed allowing allows

vt. 允许，让某人得到，留出，同意（法律）

You are not allowed to smoke here.

这里不许吸烟。

How much holiday are you allowed?

你有多少天假?

I should allow an hour to get to London.

到伦敦去我得留出一小时来。

vi. (for)考虑到，允许

It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays.

把路上的耽搁算进去，你要用半小时才能到车站。

The patient was allowed up (ie permitted to get out of bed) after 10 days.

病人十天以后才允许起来(准予离床下地).

allow, let,

allow: 重在“允许”或“容许”，也可表示客气的请求，常用于allow sb．to do sth．或allow doing sth．结构中。

He allowed me to take his dictionary.

他允许我拿走他的词典。

Will you allow me to use your bike？

我可以用你的自行车吗？

let: 作“允许”或“让”解，主要用于口语，一般可与allow互换。作“允许”解时，常暗含“听任”、“默许”之意；作“让”解时，常含“祈使”或“建议”之意。注意：let之后作宾补的不定式不带to，且不可用于被动语态，而allow则相反。

Please let me walk with you（＝Please allow me to walk with you．）

我（请允许我）跟你一起走。

【词语用法】

1.allow有“给”的意思，后可以加双宾语。

He allows his son ￥10 a week.

2.permit和allow两词的用法和意思相近。

两者可以通用，均指“允许”，且后面都可加宾语加不定式。

Allow/Permit me to congratulate you on your success.

当不存在宾语的时候，两词后加动名词。

We do not allow/permit smoking in the kitchen.

allow和permit还常用于被动语态。

Smoking is not allowed/permitted in the kitchen.

但allow可与副词搭配使用，而permit不行。

She wouldn't allow me in.

此外，allow有“容许，并不禁止”的意思，而permit指“准许”，比allow更正式化。Nothing is permitted, everything is allowed.

一切都不准许，但也并不禁止。

3.allow of同admit of一样，指“有…的余地”。

The question allows of no dispute

lead[led,li:d]

词形变化: led led leading leads

v. 引导，领先，带领，过... (的生活)，导致

She led the way downstairs for us.

她引着我们下楼。

Our football team leads them by two goals.

我们的足球队比他们领先两分。

It's up to you to lead us through the difficulties.

就靠你来带领我们度过难关了。

They lead a busy and colourful life on the campus.

他们在大学里过着忙碌而又丰富多彩的生活。

The quarrel led to a complete estrangement between her and her family.

这一争吵使她同家人完全疏远了。

n. 领头位置，主角，榜样，引言，铅

She always takes the lead when we plan to do something.

我们不管打算做什么事的时候总由她来领头。

He's playing the lead in the new play.

他在新戏中担任主角。

All the children followed his lead.

所有的孩子都学习他的榜样。

He told an amusing story as a lead-in to the serious part of his speech.

他讲了一个有趣的故事作他演说中重要内容的引子。

Lead fuses at a low temperature.

铅在低温下就熔化。

【词语用法】

1.lead做动词使用，可以解释为“引导”，“领导”，如lead him there或者lead somebody to his home；

2.短语lead to,解释为“导致”。

Where does this lead to?

这会导致什么后果?