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新世纪大学英语(第二版)综合教程1之1-6单元新单词汇总

新世纪大学英语(第二版)综合教程1之1-6单元新单词汇总
新世纪大学英语(第二版)综合教程1之1-6单元新单词汇总

UNIT 1

conduct 进行;实施

reveal 揭示,透露

innate (素质)天生的,天赋的

attain〖正式〗(长期努力后)获得,达成

academic (大专院校)教学(上)的,学术性的excellence 优秀,卓越

principle原则,原理

priority优先考虑(或照顾)的事

compromise做出妥协,折衷解决

snack(正餐以外的)小吃,点心

recreation 娱乐,消遣

addition 增加

athlete(田径)运动员

memorise记住,记下

biology 生物学

interview 对(某人)进行面谈(面试)

thrive兴旺,茁壮成长

consistency一致性,连贯性

factor因素

perform履行,实行,完成

involve使卷入,牵涉

band(尤指流行音乐的)乐队,乐团

rugby 橄榄球

association协会,社团.

debate辩论,辩论会

disclose 公开,揭露

file 把(文件、信件)汇存起来,把…归档

colour-coded用颜色标记的

folder文件夹,硬纸夹

available可获得的,可用的,可看见的

technique(尤指艺术,音乐,文学等方面的)技巧,手法advocate 提倡,主张

effectively 有效地

retention 记忆(力),保持,保留

schedule排定,把…安排在

pace(为避免过于操劳)调整生活节奏和工作进度assignment(分配,指派的)工作,任务

project(需费时费力的)项目,规划

overwhelm使受不了,使不知所措

Polish (通过练习)改进,改善,擦亮

procrastinate〖正式〗耽搁,拖延

revision(功课的)温习,复习

jot 匆匆记下

principal〖较正式〗最重要的,主要的,首要的

scan 粗略地快看,浏览

refresh 使恢复,使振作

formula 方法,计划,原则

promote提倡,促进,助长

score. 得(分),进(球)

context (事情发生的)场合,环境

clarify 澄清,讲清楚,阐明

participation 参加,参与

demonstrate(以推理或举例等)论证,证明,证实

intellectual智力的,需用智力的

curiosity 好奇心

concisely 简明地,简要地

approach 方法,步骤

solution解决,解答

illuminate阐明,解释

hypothetical (基于)假设的,假定的

frame 拟定,制定

tentative试验性质的,

confirm 证实,

devise策划,设计

employ 使用

assign分派,分配,指派

undertake承担,接受(责任,工作等)

crucial 决定性的,紧要关头的

contribution 贡献,捐助

infancy 婴儿期,幼年

latter 后者

pressure 压力

motivate 激发,激励,使…产生动机

impress 使感动,使钦佩

deliver 履行(诺言),实现(希望)

economic .经济学的;经济(上)的;实用的

victim 牺牲者,受害者,遭难者(of); 受骗者

sum 总数,总计,总额;【数学】和

tough 强韧的,弯折不断的;胶黏的。

web 蜘蛛网;蛛网状东西,网状组织;【纺织;印染】棉[毛]网;〔the W-〕【计算机】万维网(=World Wide Web)。

classics 最优秀的,(艺术作品等)第一流的;高尚的,优雅的;模范的,

specific .特殊的;特有的;特定的,专门的。

obligate 使负(法律上或道义上的)义务,强迫,强制

dawn 黎明,拂晓;曙光.开端,发端,端绪,萌芽。

oversleep (使)睡过头;(使)睡得过久

psychologically 心理学(上)的;精神(现象)的。peer

economy 经济。节约。

accumulate 积累,存储,蓄积(财产等),堆积。

determination 决心,决意。

steer 掌(舵);驾驶(船、车) (for towards) 〔主口、诗〕(使)向(某方)行进practical实地的,事实上的,实际上的

profession.职业,(特指)知识性专门职业

fulfill .履行(条约、义务),遵守,执行(命令等)

tension拉紧;伸张。 (精神、局势等)紧张。

multiply增殖;繁殖;(成倍)增加;【数学】乘。

ultimately .最后的,最终的,极限的,结局的。

self-induced 【电学】自感应

tuition 教诲。.学费

loan .出借,借出,贷

lab 实验室,研究室

secure 安心的;不必担心的;有把握的。

faculty 能力,才能;官能,机能;〔美国〕技能,手腕。.特权;特许severe 面孔等)严肃的;严正的;(训练等)严格的;(批评家等)苛刻的。、expectation .期待,期望;所希望的东西。前程,(发迹,继承遗产的)希望。approach 向…接近,走近;使接近。

deliberately考虑,商议。

trap 捕动物的)捕兽机,夹子,陷阱;圈套,诡计。

charge .填;装(子弹);充(电);使饱和;使充满;堆积,装载。

fee 报酬;薪水;公费;手续费;税;会费,学费,报名费,入场费financial 财政(上)的,财务(上)的,金融(上)的

dentist 牙科医生

major .较大的;较多的;较优的;主要的;第一流的;较大范围的。creative 有创造力的,创造的;造成的。

truly 精确地,正确地。

dean 【宗教】副主教;地方主教。

due (债款等)当付的,应该付给的;(票据等)到期(的),

perceive.察觉,发觉。领会,领悟,了解;看出,抓住(意义、

unique唯一的;无双的;无比的;独特的。

UNIT2

personal 个人的,私人的

advertisement 广告

claim (尤指面对反对意见)断言,声张,主张

fluently 熟练地,流畅地

reference 谈到,提及

qualified 有资格的,能胜任的

ridiculous〖贬〗可笑的,荒谬的

natural 自然的,天然的,非人力所为的

effectively 效率高的

argue 提出理由(企图)证明,(坚决)主张,认为

individual个人,个体

personality .人的存在;个性,【心理学】性格;人格,品格,做人,extent 程度,限度

helpful 提供帮助的,有用的

advantage 有利条件,优势

extreme极限,极端

assume 假设,假定

precise 精确的,准确的

equivalent 对等词,等同物

translation 翻译,翻译作品,转化

intonation(尤术语)语调,音调

behaviorist 行为主义者

psychology心理学

continually连续不断地,反复不断地

parrot 鹦鹉

chimpanzee 黑猩猩

theorist 理论家

unlike 不像…和…不同

relate 〖正式〗有关联,把…联系起来

means 方法,手段

communication 交往,交际,通讯,联络

formula 〖术语〗公式,方程式

relevant 有关的,有关主题的particularly

intelligent 智能的;聪明的;理解力强的

confusion 混淆,混乱;困惑

illustration 说明;插图;例证;图解

rid 使摆脱;使去掉

steadily 稳定地;稳固地;有规则地

semester 学期;半年

edition 版本,版次,集

character 性格,品质;特性;角色;[计] 字符

solemnly 庄严地;严肃地

astonish 使惊讶

adventure 冒险;冒险精神;投机活动;大胆说出

furthermore 此外;而且

apparently 显然地;似乎,表面上

glimpse . 一瞥,一看. 瞥见

dive .潜水.猛冲,突然隐去;【拳击】假装被击倒。专心研究,探究。Unit 3

Pine 松树

Gathering 集会,聚会

Spot 地点,场所

Recall回想,回忆起

Turn out 结果是,原来是,证明是

Senior 最高年级的学生毕业班的学生

Prom 高中生成大学生的正式舞会,班级舞会

Occur发生

Turn into 转变

Scent 气味,香味

Mow 割

Take sb. by suprise 使某人惊奇,使某人没有准备

Arch 使成弓形

Eyebrow 眉毛

Inquiry 查询,请求

Disturbing 烦扰的,担心的,令人不安的

Blade 草叶,叶片,刀刃,刀锋

Shred 切成碎片,撕成,细条

Fingernail 指甲

Acquaint 把…通知某人,使某人了解

Be/become acquainted with (sth)对…熟悉,读过,见过或经历过…Indicate 表示,标示

Have…on one‘s mind 心事重重,烦恼

Gather one‘s thoughts 反省,集思冥想,使思想集中

Squawk 发出尖响的叫声

Overhead 在头顶上,在空中

Ease 减轻,舒缓

Awkward 尴尬的,为难的

Alarmingly 使人惊恐的,使人不安的

Surgery 外科手术

Keep sth from sb 不把…告诉某人,防止某人听到某事

Option 可选择的办法

Sturdy 坚实的,强健的,壮实的

Behavior 举止,行为

Accomplishment 才艺,才能

Create 创造,创建,创作

Hem and haw 表示犹豫支吾其词,吞吞吐吐

Rare 稀少的,罕有的

Treat难得的乐事

Soak 渗透,渗入

Soak up 接受,吸收,沉湎于

Come/go full circle 一个圈回到原位

Giant 特大的,巨大的

Sway 摇动,摇摆

Breeze 威风,和风

Text B

Summons 唤出,召集

Static 静电

Release 发射

Pregnant 怀孕的,富有意义的

Click 单击,滴答声

Scatter 使散开,使分散

Cab 出租车,驾驶室

Dial 给…拨打电话

Panicky 恐慌的,没理由的

Desperate 令人绝望的,不顾一切的,极度渴望的Panic 恐慌

Moisture 湿度,降雨量

Seek 搜索

Preach 说教,宣扬

Wrap 包,缠绕,隐藏,掩护

Grab 霸占,将…深深吸引

Squeeze挤,紧握,勒索

Desperation 绝望的境地

Mouth 装腔作势说话

Swallow 忍受,吞没

Relief 救济,减轻,解除,安慰

Chin 下巴,聊天,引体向上动作

Grip 紧握,夹紧

Shallow 浅的,肤浅的

Pause 暂停,停顿,终止,踌躇

Portable 手提的,轻便的

Lump 肿块,瘤,很多,笨人

Snap 咬,厉声说

Wipe 擦,消除,涂上

Unit 4

Infant 婴儿

Soft-spoken 声音温柔的,说话斯文的

Settle into sth 习惯于

Local 当地的,本地的,地方性的

Anything like 多少有点像

Beam 笑,眉开眼笑

Midst 中部,中央,当中

In the midst of 在…中间

Honourable 增光的,应享有荣誉的,值得尊敬的Industrious 勤劳的,勤奋的

Groan 呻吟,发哼哼声

Compliment 恭维话,赞词,赞扬

Fit in with 符合,适合,适应

Emphatically 强调地,坚决地

Rebellion 造反,反叛,反抗

Stubborn 固执的,顽固的,倔强的

argument 争论,争辩,争吵

Survive 经历…之后还存在

Enroll 吸收某人为成员,使入会(或入学,入伍),登记,注册

Attend 参加,出席,到场

Dormitory 学生宿舍楼

Childhood 童年,儿童时代

Compare with 与…做比较,与…对照

Frown 皱眉,蹙额

Would give a lot /anything/the world (to do sth)would very much like (to do or have sth)非常愿意(做或拥有某事物),原付出一切(做或拥有)

In one’s own right 根据自己的能力或合法权利(而不依赖其他因素)

Topic 题目,论题,话题

Glare 怒目而视

Be sick of 感到厌倦,对…厌烦

Hop 跳上,跳下车辆

Savor 品尝,欣赏

Wander 走神,开小差

Intersection 道路交叉点,十字路口

Before one knows it 瞬间,很快

Idiot 笨蛋,白痴

Survey 纵览,审视

Sustain 蒙受,遭受

Dent 凹痕,凹坑

Guilty 有罪的,犯罪的

Complain 投诉,抱怨,发牢骚,诉苦

Protest 抗议,反对

Choke 使窒息,使呼吸困难

Choke back 抑制,强忍住

Insurance 保险

Panic 感到惊慌,惊慌失措

Recognition 认出,认识,识别

Batter 毁损,打坏,打烂

Trudge 步履沉重的走,艰难的走

Hold one’s head up 抬起头来,挺胸做人

Eve 前夜

Celebrate庆祝,举行

Rarely 不常见,很少,难得

Hug 拥抱某人

Text B

Peacefullly 平静地

Instance 实例,情况,建议

Enormously 巨大地,庞大地,非常的

Ambitious 有雄心的,热望的,炫耀的

Restless 焦躁不安的,不安的,得不到满足的

Whereas 然而,鉴于,反之

Likely 或许,合适的,很可能的,有希望的,Primitive 原始的,简单的,粗糙的

Figure 价格,数字,体形人物

Annoyed 恼怒的,烦闷的

Drag 拖累,拖拉

Protective 防护的,关切保护的,保护贸易的Apart 相距,分离着

Adapt 改编,使适应

Shelter 保护,遮盖物,避难所

Frustrated 失意的,挫败的,泄气

Scare 惊吓,把…吓跑

Independent 单独,独立的

Civilized 启发,教化,有礼貌的,文明的Physically 身体上地

Terrify 使害怕,使恐怖,恐吓

Possessive 占有的,所有的,占有欲强的

Unit 5

Distinctive a. 有特色的:与众不同的Combination n. 联合:合作:结合Characteristic n.(常与of连用)特征,特性,特色Aggression n.(贬)好争吵的,好斗的

Outgoing a. 好交际的,外向的

Complex a. 复杂的:费解的

Compose vt. 由…组成

Element n. 部件,组成部分

Emotional a. 感情的,情绪的

Social a. 社交的,交际的

Anxiety n. 焦虑,不安,担心

Respond vi. 响应,有反应

Sorrow n. 悲哀, 悲伤

Reflective a. 沉思的, 深思熟虑的

Observe vt. 观察,见识,观测

Handle vt. 对付,控制

Variation n.变化,变更,变动

Company n. 陪伴:交往

Sociable a. 随和的,好交际的

Trait n. 特性,品质,性格

Influence vt. n. 影响,作用

Humor n. 幽默的事情

Entertainment a. 娱乐的,认识愉快的

Heredity n. 遗传

Environment n. 自然环境

Ancestor n. 祖先,祖宗

Resemblance n. 相似,类似

Evidently ad. 明显地:显然

Opportunity n. 机会

Aspect n. (事态,想法,计划等的某个)方面

Circumstance n. (一般用复数)情形:条件:状况

Surround vt. 环绕,围绕,围住

Impact n. (常与on连用)(由思想,发明,事件等所造成的)影响,作用Complicated a. 复杂的,费解的,:棘手的

Affect vt. 影响

Positive a.积极的:有助益的:建设性的

Divorce n.(尤指经法院宣判的)离婚(案)

Harmful a. 有害的:致伤的

Exert vt. 运用,发挥(力量,技巧等以达到某预期的结果) Negative a.消极的:非建设性的

Growth n. 生长:发育:长成:发展

Boring a. 无趣的,无聊的

Satisfied a. 满意的:满足的

Adjustment n. 调整

Adolescence n. 青春期

Determined a. 坚定的,坚决的:决意的

Favorite a. 最喜爱的

Expand vt. 花费:消耗:用光:耗尽

Isolated a. 孤立的:分离的:绝缘的

Consequently ad. 因此:结果:所以

Mature a. 成熟的:充分考虑的

Enthusiastically ad. 热情地

Sacrifice vt. 牺牲:献祭

Balanced a. 平衡的:和谐的

vision n. 视力,视觉

preference n. 偏爱:优先权

horizon n. 地平线:视野

resistance n. 阻力:电阻:抵抗

critical a. 批评的:爱挑剔的

confront vt.面对:遭遇

loyalty n. 忠诚,忠心

stable a.稳定的:牢固的:坚定的

former a. 从前的:前者的

reflect vt. 反映:表达

thirst n. 渴望:口渴

primary a. 主要的:初级的

mixture n.混合物:混合

neutral a. 中立国:中立者

sensitive a. 敏感的

restrict vt. 限制:约束:限定

persistent a.固执的,坚持的represent vt. 代表:回忆optimistic a.乐观的:乐观主义者selfish a. 自私的

mentally ad. 精神上的,智力上swing vi. 摇摆:转向

desire n. vt. 欲望,要求

normally ad. 正常的

fate n. 命运

Unit 6

Sunglasses n. 太阳眼镜,墨镜Contentedly ad. 满意地

Section n.(书,报纸等的)段:栏:版Fling vt. 扑进:急伸

Sandbox n. 沙箱,沙池

Faint a. 微笑的,些微的

Tuck vt. 隐藏

Deserted a. 空无一人的

Swing n. 秋千:摆动

Seesaw n. 跷跷板

Motionless a. 静止的,一动不动的Abandoned a. 弃之不用的:荒废的Slide n. 滑梯

Squat vi. 蹲坐

Diligently ad. 勤奋地,勤勉地Coop 把…关入笼中

Cube n. 小房间

Affectionately ad. 挚爱地,亲切地Concentration n. 专心,专注Tunnel n. 隧道:地道

Deliberate a. 故意的:深思熟虑的Chubby a. 圆圆胖胖的,丰满的Spade n. 铁铲

Spadeful n. 一铲之量

Shovel n 铲子

Stolid n. 麻木不仁的:呆头呆脑的Impassive a. 无感情的,无动于衷的Unblinking a. 不眨眼的Expectancy n. 期望,期待

Husky a. 高大强壮的

Comic n. 连环漫画

Spit vt. (常与at或on连用)吐(痰) Deftly ad. 熟练地

Swiftly ad. 敏捷地

Tentative a. 不确定的:试探性的Instinct n. 本能:天性

Aware a. 明白的

Apologetic a. 道歉的,抱歉意的Reasonableness n. 通情达理Lower vt, 降下

Insolent a. 傲慢的:无礼的Edge vt. 使尖锐

Menace n. 威胁

Alternative n. 二中择一Decline n. vi. 下降:衰退

Media n. 媒介,媒体Contribute vi. 贡献,出力Neglect n 疏忽,忽视

Current a. 现在的, 流通的ignorant a. 无知的:鱼尾的

rise n. 上升

decade n. 十年

ignore v. 不理睬,忽视

trend n. 趋势

大学英语自学教程复习资料

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大学英语自学教程(上)

大学英语自学教程(上) 01-A. How to be a successful language learner? “Learning a language is easy, even a child can do it!” Most adults who are learning a second language would disagree with this statement. For them, learning a language is a very difficult task. They need hundreds of hours of study and practice, and even this will not guarantee success for every adult language learner. Language learning is different from other kinds of learning. Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find it difficult to succeed in language learning. Conversely, some people who are successful language learners find it difficult to succeed in other fields. Language teachers often offer advice to language learners: “Read as much as you can in the new language.”“Practice speaking the language every day. ”“Live with people who speak the language.”“Don’t translate-try to think in the new language.”“Learn as a child would learn; play with the language.” But what does a successful language learner do? Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways. First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes. Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say

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One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later. However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the "standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon). But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?

新世纪大学英语综合教程1课后答案(全)

2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is…related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid… of (8) cleare d up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It’s no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II)Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d 2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. 4.No Mistake especial→ especially

necessarily → necessary frequent → frequently No Mistake ea sily → easy No Mistake i ndividually → individual m uch → many h igh → highly a pparently → apparent r emarkably → remarkable p robable → probably No Mistake (III)Grammar Task 1: (1)would/should (2) should/would (3) might (4) would (5) must (6) can’t (7) should would (8) must Task 2: (1)We passed the afternoon very pleasantly, roller-skating in the sun and talking about our childhood under a tree. / The afternoon passed very pleasantly, while we roller-skated in the sun and talked about our childhood under a tree. (2)On entering the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. / When I entered the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. (3)When I was only a small boy, my father took me to Beijing and we had a lot of fun together. (4)To write well, a person must read good books. (IV)Cloze (1) doubt (2) efficient (3) where (4) advantage (5) afford (6) claim (7) fluently (8) qualified (9) extent (10) ridiculous (11) perfect (12) as (13) because (14) individual (V)Translation 1. Translate the sentences (1) The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk. (2) Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie. (3) To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better. (4) According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game.

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Book1 课后习题 Unit1 Never Say Goodbye I. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words. 1. When I was ten I was suddenly confronted with the anguish of moving from the only home. 2. … they all have one thing in common: sadness. 3. … in that place in your heart where summer is an always time. 4. Don’t ever give in to the sadness and the loneliness of that word. 5. Take that special hello and lock it away within you. II. Fill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair in their appropriate forms and note the difference of meaning between them. 1. SHUDDER SHAKE a. Seeing the referee drawing out the yellow card, the coach began ————————— his fist in rage. b. She ————————— at the touch of his leathery hand. c. The tree branches were ———————— in that sudden gust of win d. d. He ———————— breathlessly in the doorway until his pursuers had raced past. 2. ANSWER REPLY a. He had hoped that divorce would be the —————— to all his problems. b. We are still waiting for him to ——————— to our requests for further assistance. c. In ——————— to his suggestions, they have decided to consult him for more details. d. He ———————— his critics by claiming that he was responding to the new needs of globalization. 3. COMMON GENERAL a. The ———————— impression we got was that they were not interested in the new project. b. It was claimed in the newly published report that higher education, in ———————— , is financially in trouble. c. It may be said that good health is a ———————— condition, and that occasional sickness is —————— . d. AIDS is becoming the most ———————— cause of death among drug addicts. 4. SMALL TINY a. A ———————— house would do perfectly for the two of them. b. “Get back on board!” I shouted as his ———————— figure struggled up the river bank. c. Displayed at the exhibition were some ———————— toy soldiers that were beautifully carve d. d. The visitor was a ———————— man who would give every appearance of self-importanc e. III. Choose a word or phrase that best completes each of the following sentences. 1. She suffered great mental ——————— after her husband died, and as a result she became mad. A. anger B. discomfort C. Unhappiness D. anguish 2. She offered me some food that had a ———————— taste. A. special B. peculiar C. particular D. Concrete 3. Building the proposed underground railway may ———————— much more than the government could pay. A. spend B. cost C. take D. Waste 4. Realizing the immense international pressure, the President ———————— stepped down. A. conspicuously B. gracefully C. lonely D. truly 5. The audience whistled and shouted, waiting for her to sing one ———————— song. A. last B. final C. ending D. concluding 6. During the war, all the women were left unloved, exhausted, impoverished and ——————— .

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全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2课文

BOOK2课文译文 UNIT1 TextA 中国式的学习风格 1987年春,我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月,同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。然而,我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂,而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店堂。 我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑料板上。酒店鼓励客人外出时留下钥匙,可以交给服务员,也可以从一个槽口塞入钥匙箱。由于口子狭小,你得留神将钥匙放准位置才塞得进去。 本杰明爱拿着钥匙走来走去,边走边用力摇晃着。他还喜欢试着把钥匙往槽口里塞。由于他还年幼,不太明白得把钥匙放准位置才成,因此总塞不进去。本杰明一点也不在意。他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。 我和埃伦都满不在乎,任由本杰明拿着钥匙在钥匙箱槽口鼓捣。他的探索行为似乎并无任何害处。但我很快就观察到一个有趣的现象。饭店里任何一个中国工作人员若在近旁,都会走过来看着本杰明,见他初试失败,便都会试图帮忙。他们会轻轻握牢本杰明的手,直接将它引向钥匙槽口,进行必要的重新定位,并帮他把钥匙插入槽口。然后那位“老师”会有所期待地对着我和埃伦微笑,似乎等着我们说声谢谢——偶尔他会微微皱眉,似乎觉得我俩没有尽到当父母的责任。 我很快意识到,这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关:考察儿童早期教育(尤其是艺术教育)的方式,揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度。因此,不久我就在与中国教育工作者讨论时谈起了钥匙槽口一事。 两种不同的学习方式

我的中国同行,除了少数几个人外,对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。既然大人知道怎么把钥匙塞进槽口——这是走近槽口的最终目的,既然孩子还很年幼,还没有灵巧到可以独自完成要做的动作,让他自己瞎折腾会有什么好处呢?他很有可能会灰心丧气发脾气——这当然不是所希望的结果。为什么不教他怎么做呢?他会高兴,他还能早些学会做这件事,进而去学做更复杂的事,如开门,或索要钥匙——这两件事到时候同样可以(也应该)示范给他看。 我俩颇为同情地听着这一番道理,解释道,首先,我们并不在意本杰明能不能把钥匙塞进钥匙的槽口。他玩得开心,而且在探索,这两点才是我们真正看重的。但关键在于,在这个过程中,我们试图让本杰明懂得,一个人是能够很好地自行解决问题的。这种自力更生的精神是美国中产阶级最重要的一条育儿观。如果我们向孩子演示该如何做某件事——把钥匙塞进钥匙槽口也好,画只鸡或是弥补某种错误行为也好——那他就不太可能自行想方设法去完成这件事。从更广泛的意义上说,他就不太可能——如美国人那样——将人生视为一系列 的情境,在这些情境中,一个人必须学会独立思考,学会独立解决问题,进而学会发现需要创造性地加以解决的新问题。 把着手教 回想起来,当时我就清楚地意识到,这件事正是体现了问题的关键之所在——而且不仅仅是一种意义上的关键之所在。这件事表明了我们两国在教育和艺术实践上的重要差异。 那些善意的中国旁观者前来帮助本杰明时,他们不是简单地像我可能会做的那样笨拙地或是犹犹豫豫地把他的手往下推。相反,他们极其熟练地、轻轻地把他引向所要到达的确切方向。 我逐渐认识到,这些中国人不是简单地以一种陈旧的方式塑造、引导本杰明的行为:他们是在恪守中国传统,把着手教,教得本杰明自己会愉快地要求再来一次。

新世纪英语综合教程答案

The Answers to Unit 1 Enhance Your Language Awareness (I) Working with Words and Expressions 2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is...related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid... of (8) cleared up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It's no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II) Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d 2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. Adverbs Adjectives efficiently efficient particularly particular fluently fluent quickly quick cheaply cheap continually continual probably probable adventurously adventurous finally final steadily steady slowly slow solemnly solemn really real apparently apparent tentatively tentative exactly exact 4. No Mistake especial→ especially necessarily → necessary frequent → frequently No Mistake easily → easy No Mistake individually → individual much → many high → highly apparently → apparent remarkably → remarkable probable → probably No Mistake (III) Grammar Task 1: (1) would/should (2) should/would (3) might (4) would (5) must (6) can't (7) should would (8) must Task 2: (1) We passed the afternoon very pleasantly, roller-skating in the sun and talking about our childhood under a tree. / The afternoon passed very pleasantly, while we roller-skated in the sun and talked about our childhood under a tree. (2) On entering the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. / When I entered the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. (3) When I was only a small boy, my father took me to Beijing and we had a lot of fun together. (4) To write well, a person must read good books. (IV) Cloze

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