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91306-英语阅读-阅读考点词电子版

剑桥雅思阅读考点词真经

如何使用本书

本书的动议基于下面几个理论:

一、记忆单词最有效的是根据文章的上下文,自然地有逻辑地记忆,而非背字典。如同我们从小是学习“人、口、手”,而非拿一本字典,先学提手旁,再记走之旁。我从来不提倡背任何的从A 到Z 的词汇书。我也写一些这类词汇书,那是完全为了迎合市场上这种错误的需求,被广大学员错误的背单词方法所“胁迫”。在此道歉。

本书以剑桥雅思4–8的文章为背景对词汇予以注释,通过阅读上下文记忆单词,使考生回归自然语言习得的逻辑习惯。

二、学好一门外语不需要多本词汇书,一本就够了,但是要反复多遍,自己在词汇旁边做一些笔记,比如同义词,反义词,相关的话题词汇等。把这本书当成自己的伙伴,经常在上面添加一些笔记,相当于自己在不断修订升级,主动参与印象会更深刻,最后你可能还会对它产生感情。

所以,这本书的排版留白很多,是留给考生的心得笔记区。

三、剑桥雅思4–8是全球雅思考生必做的真题。这本书包含阅读文章的重点词汇注释。所以,这本书是雅思考生必备的。

四、天下间所有阅读题其实是题目与原文的同义替换改写。所有阅读题的考点都是原文与题目的同义互换。在每篇文章的词汇注释最后,我把题目对应于原文的考点词汇罗列出来。

本书是国内第一本(全球范围内我不能确认)直接让考生透视雅思阅读题目考点的词汇书。换句话说,扒光了雅思命题者的绚丽外衣,使之“裸奔”。

考生把这本词汇书中每篇最后的“真题考点词替换清单”部分看一遍,其实等于做了一遍剑桥雅思4–8。多么高效啊,1个小时做完剑桥雅思真题4、5、6、7、8!

考生还可以用“真题考点词替换清单”来对照做题的思路,所以这本词汇书还是剑桥雅思4–8阅读题的解析!

有的题目的考点词替换没有罗列,因为在原文是原形出现,或词性不同而已;还有答案为NG 的题没有罗列。

考生理解了上面的这些话,那么雅思阅读完全就是送分的。致谢

在本书的编写过程中,赵小锐、刘畅、谭乐、刘娟、付晓楠、田杨、冯涛、成岩、程玲、李慧芳、刘素良、焦磊、柏立明、焦鸿、曹爱丽、张靖娴、袁伟、李海静、刘伟、杨志、贾玉梅、李悦也参与了资料收集及部分编写工作,在此一并感谢。

刘洪波公众微信号:liuhongbo-guixue 刘洪波微博:https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3a9316718.html,/lhbgx 刘洪波博客:

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3a9316718.html,/lhbgx

2012年10月

悉了考点词和答案,在考场上定位、寻找关键词和答案会颇有灵感。该书内容活泼,容易携带,它将让所有的散碎时间变得生动而有效。

《雅思阅读真经总纲》是一本奇书。该书让考生充分浸入雅思阅读测试文化,完全理解各种出题手法和应试策略。简洁、明确,文辞华美,赏心悦目。如果不懂雅思,如果不爱教育,焉能至此!

让热情飞吧。

“阅读真经三部曲”的衍生品是丰富的网络课程和下载资料,是那个在澳大利亚奔波的Ben 真诚的人生经历;是开创“真经流派”的Harvey 的才华和自信;是涉足网络传播Bobo 的亲切和热情(详见《雅思阅读真经5》推荐序)。

让才华飞吧。

一篇文章,散散乱乱,总为激情所扰。在出版之际,谨以此文为序。

雅思真经群号:284587791吕蕾公众微信号:lvlei1973

吕蕾微博:https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3a9316718.html,/lvlei1973吕蕾博客:

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3a9316718.html,/wonderfullei

剑桥雅思阅读考点词

雅思考生在接受培训时听得最多、说得最多的是定位词,又叫核心词(keywords)。殊不知比keywords更核心更重要的是考点词。因此,我写下两本书:《剑桥雅思阅读考点词真经》和《剑桥雅思听力考点词真经》,希望能帮助广大的考生洞察考试本源,化繁为简。也算公开提出一个新的教学研究方向,希望“考点词理论”能迅速扩展到托福、四六级考试、考研等考试中去,出版市场上从此流行“考点词”系列的书籍,培训课堂上开始流行“考点词”的教学术语,也算对国内英语培训业的发展尽到自己的一点责任。

考点词定义

考点词是在听力理解和阅读理解考试的每一道题目中,命题者所设计的最重要的题目和原文的同义替换单词(或反义词驳斥设计)。

考点词特点

如果考生认识这个单词,这道题就能做对;反之,则做错。

有的题目考点词不止一个。

雅思考点词的研究历程

2004年,我在雅思阅读教学中讲:“天下间的阅读理解和听力理解都是理解题目和原文之间的同义替换。无论任何题型,它们的命题思路都是一致的。因为题目中每一个单词所表达的含义都有对应的原文单词出处。听力与阅读都是如此。”

如果考生理解了这句话的含义,我就比喻为领悟了“无招胜有招”的意境。这个理论我在另外两本书中都进行了详细的阐述和解释,一本是早已出版的《最快速雅思阅读》,另一本是即将出版的《雅思阅读真经总纲》。

我提及“无招胜有招”这个理论,是因为它是雅思阅读、听力考点词库理论的基础。

2009年春,英国剑桥大学ESOL向全球发行《剑桥雅思真题7》。当我做到第一套题第一篇阅读时,发现第13题的命题考点与2005年出版的《剑桥雅思真题5》的第三套题第三篇第31题的考点设计一致,对比如下:

《剑桥雅思真题7》第21页第13题

题型:从原文选词填空

题目:The word “echolocation” was first used by someone working as a .

原文:The American zoologist Donald Griffin, who was largely responsible for the discovery of sonar in bats, coined the term “echolocation” to…

答案:zoologist

《剑桥雅思真题5》第73页第31题

题型:哪一自然段包含题目信息

题目:where the expression AI was first used

原文:B The field was launched, and the term “artificial intelligence” coined, at a conference in 1956…

答案:B

coin一词作动词意思是“创造”,同义表达是“first use”。如果考生背过这个词义,那么这两道题都会轻松答对。

当时,我也没多想,接着往下做。只是在coin一词旁做了一个标记,提醒自己:以前讲“剑5”,只说coin一词的动词含义很重要。而从今以后讲课,要提醒学生这个词非常重要,因为“剑5”和“剑7”两篇文章都考。它们都是历年考过的真题,一篇是动物类的,一篇是科技类的;一个是填空题,一个是匹配题。但是,这两道题的考点都是coin。

我接着往下做,又有新发现。

《剑桥雅思真题7》第46页第17题

题型:哪一自然段包含题目信息

题目:one effect of chemicals on water sources

原文:B …while the growth of algae is increasing in lakes because of the f ertiliser run-off.

答案:B

《剑桥雅思真题7》第68页第9题

题型:选项填空

题目:…and also use unwanted materials as.

原文:…and spread waste to fertilise the crop.

答案:F fertilisers

当时心中就有个想法:雅思命题者很喜欢这个词么,同一本“剑桥雅思”里就考了两次。先不管了,做完这本书再说吧。

于是我做到了这道题:

《剑桥雅思真题7》第91页第11题

题型:从原文选词填空

题目:The discovery on one pyramid of an object which resembled a suggests…

原文:A wooden artifact found on the step pyramid at Saqqara looks uncannily like a modern glider.

答案:modern glider

这让我想起:

《剑桥雅思真题4》第30页第39题

题型:选项填空

题目:…it was found that they made choices.

原文:…we found that their choices closely resembled those made by the sighted subjects.

答案:similar

第一遍做完“剑7”,我确认了雅思阅读中三个重要的考点词:coin,fertilise和resemble。学员做完剑桥雅思真题,练了好多题;我做完剑桥雅思真题,最大的收获是这三个词。但当时掩卷思考,心情激荡。我想我可能发现了雅思阅读考试中最核心的秘密。

接下来的思考是:为什么剑桥雅思在不同的年份、不同的考卷、不同的文章题材、不同的题型中都反复设置同一考点词呢?

有两个合乎逻辑的答案:第一,命题者少,许多题目是一个人出的,所以有个人风格,看到文章中有coin,就习惯性出题first use;第二,命题者多,但雅思命题官方有一个“考点词库”,会对命题者培训公布,告诉他们这些词很重要,符合雅思的学术难度,要求设计题目考查。显然第二种推断既合逻辑又合情理。

紧跟着的第二个问题是:为什么coin,fertilise,resemble这三个单词会进入“考点词库”,换句话说,为什么这三个单词如此重要,出国留学的考生必须会,剑桥雅思命题者碰到必考?

我想,可能是这样的:

coin 作动词指“创造”,常用于coin a word/term,“创造了一个术语,造了一个新词”。在科技发展的历史上,全新的事物、技术和理论的诞生都需要新词来定义称呼。所以coin一词在学术论文中很常见,是对新理论下定义的标志。而且考生熟悉该词作名词的词义为“硬币”,易在将来留学海外做学术研究、阅读参考文献时出现困惑。因此该词的动词词义进入“考点词库”。

fertilise作动词指“施肥”,名词是fertiliser“化肥”。化肥的使用破坏了环境,对人类的健康有重大的影响。生死攸关的重要词汇,进入“考点词库”。

resemble作动词指“相似,像”。同义词有look like,be similar to。当我们想要把一个复杂事物或理论描述清晰时,我们经常会采用类比的手法:用一个读者都知道的、日常的、简单的东西去类比。这在学术论文中尤其常见。而且该词“长相”是形容词,实为重要动词。如不掌握,容易导致读者从语法上产生困惑,理解不了整个句子含义。因此,该词进入“考点词库”。

以上都是我的猜想,连同我coin的术语“考点词库”,可能永远得不到剑桥雅思官方的证实。2011年秋我应邀去剑桥ESOL访问交流,和剑桥雅思命题者面对面交流时,也不敢旁敲侧击地探询。官方一直对此讳莫如深,因为如有“考点词库”,那绝对就是剑桥雅思的最高机密之一。

于是从2009年起,我开始着手研究自己心中的“雅思听力阅读考点词库”。当时《剑桥雅思》已经出到了7,已经有足够的真题素材可以对比研究,找出这些考点词。还原这个神秘的词库,让考生背记最重要的单词,意义非凡。

断断续续地反复做题研究,过了两年。

2011年,《剑桥雅思真题8》全球出版发行,我开始做“剑8”

《剑桥雅思真题8》第21页第9题

题型:填图

题目:escapement (resembling) _______

原文:…which was a lever-based device shaped like a ship’s anchor.

答案:anchor

又考到resemble。“剑8”对于我的考点词研究没有太大的新贡献,佐证的作用更明显。

到了2012年,我创立贵学教育,纳拥有十五年培训经验的北京雅思名师团队于旗下。我希望雅思真经教学体系流传天下,造福全球雅思学子。作为真经教学体系的一个重要元素,“雅思听力阅读考点词库”也随之公开。

雅思阅读考点词库精选

要完全领悟考点词和真题的命题思路需要认真学习本书中每篇真题考点词替换清单。下面这个词库是我精选的432个考点词,作为考生学习本书前的的词汇量测试。带星号的101个单词是高频考点词汇,如果你都熟知,对应雅思阅读7分以上的词汇能力。当然这个词库中所有单词都是必须背的,因为它们每一个都对应真题、对应你的阅读考试分数。

考点核心词

abandon abstract accelerate *access * acknowledge *adapt to *addictive adjust * admit adversity aggression agreeable

aid allergic alter *alternative

altitude analyse *ancient *application

apply to *appreciate *approach *approve

array artificial *assess *assign association attitude authority avoid *

bacteria based on *be consistent with be liable to

be subject to bear beneficial *blight

boundary budget burden calamity

calculate capacity catastrophic cater

certify characteristic chronic *civic

cognitive coin *comment communal

commute compare compensate complicate

comply with component comprehend conceal

concentrate concur confer confidential

confuse conscious *conservative considerable

constrain consult contemporary contingent controversial convention *co-operation co-ordinate correlation courtship crash credibility crisis criteria *criticism cue curriculum *damp dazzle deadline deficiency delay delivery *demanding * democratic demographic dental depend on * depression derive *designate detain

detect *determine *devastate differ

diminish disaster disclose disparate

display disrupt distinguish *distract distribute diversity *documentation domain domestic *donate dramatic drought

due to *dynamics ecosystem elaborate

elderly eliminate elusive emphasise * encyclopaedia endanger enormous *entrepreneurship equal equator erode *escape established estate ethical evenly eventually evidence evolve exaggerate * exceptional exchange *exclusive *exhausted experiment expert *expertise explicit

exploit extend extinct *extract

extreme faculty famine feasible

feature fertilise *financial *finite

fitness focus on *foe format

fragile *freeze fulfill fund * fundamental *gene geographic gifted grant graphic guarantee *habitat

halt harbour hardship harmonise

harsh hazard hinder identify *

ignore *imitate *immediate immunity *

impact impaired impressive in accordance with inaccurate inactive inappropriate incentive

induce *indulge inevitable *infest

inherit *initial *initiate innate installment integrate intelligence intense interaction interference interior interrupt involve isolate *keen label

lack landscape latitude legal legitimate *likelihood limb limitation * linguistic link log look-in lopsided loss *magnetic *mainly malfunction mammal manage to do manifest manufacture marine massive *mate measure *mechanism mental mercury meteorological migrate military *minimise * modify *moisture monitor moral

mortal motif mould native nocturnal norm notoriety nourishment nutrient obey objective obligation obtain odd odour offensive official opportunity optimum option * ordinary organ original *other than out of the question overcome overtake paralyse paramount participate particular patient

pattern peak perceive *peripheral permit persuade pessimistic phase physical plagiarise plague plenty of

plot portable pose potential * poverty praise predict prefer to * preferential pressing primary *principal principle *priority private profit *

prohibit prolong promote prompt property *proportion *prosper provision * purify qualify quantity *radical

range rapid *rare rate rather than *react realise *recognise recreation reduction refer to regulate

rehearsal reject relevant reliance religious reluctant rely on *remain * reproduce resemble *resistance responsible restrict *result from *retain *revision revive rudimentary ruin scenic secrete *separate *setting settle * shade shift *signal similar * skepticism soar solicit sophisticate * specific *stable standard steer stem from stride subdivide substance substitute *subtle sufficiency superior supersede supplement suppress supremacy surrounding *surveillance survive *suspicious sustenance swift *symbol symptom synthetic tension term thanks to * therapy threat throughout toll

toxic trace track trait * transcend tremendous trigger tropical unbiased underlie unexpectedly *uniform unusual valuable vanish variation variety *versatile violent visible visual waste well-being witness

新视野大学英语_第三版_读写教程3_选词填空

Banked Cloze Unit 1 Where there is a will, there is a way. This proverb means that if you are really determined to do something, however difficult it might be, you will 1)eventually find a way to do it well. The 2) premier point is that you must have the will to achieve success. Ninety percent of the failures that occur are due to the fact that there is no strong will involved. Many people simply say that they want something, but they do not make any 3) endeavor to achieve it. So, instead of getting it, they use the poorest excuse to explain the situation away. On many occasions, people tend to 4) bypass every minute obstacle, making the objective impossible to attain. In reality, if they have the will to succeed, they can get rid of the 5) handicaps and achieve their goals. Only those with a(n) 6) committed and focused will and spirit can fight their way to final victory. Many a famous man has the same experience. They have 7) attained their prestige because they have had the will to 8) transcend apparently insuperable (无法克服的) obstacles. Many artists, statesmen, writers and inventors have manged to succeed because they possess a fierce will, which has helped them to accomplish major 9) feats. Therefore, we can see that the main thing which one needs is a strong will. Weak-willed people never climb to the top. They collapse at the 10) slightest use of force against them. Strong-willed people, on the other hand will stand up against all odds and will make it a point to succeed. 有志者事竟成.这句谚语的意思是,如果你真的下定决心去做某件事,不管它多么困难,你最终会找到一种方法做好它。首要的一点是你必须有获得成功的决心。百分之九十的失败都是因为没有强有力的意志。许多人只是说他们想要什么,但他们并没有努力去实现它。所以,他们没有得到,而是用最可怜的借口来解释情况。在许多情况下,人们倾向于绕过每分钟的障碍,使目标不可能达到。事实上,如果他们有成功的意志,他们就能摆脱障碍,实现自己的目标。只有那些意志坚定、意志坚定的人才能为最终胜利而战。许多名人都有同样的经历。他们已经达到了他们的威望,因为他们已经将超越显然是无法逾越的障碍(无法克服的)。许多艺术家、政治家、作家和发明家都有巨大的成功,因为他们拥有一个强烈的意志,这帮助他们完成主要的本领。因此,我们可以看到,一个人需要的主要东西是坚强的意志。意志薄弱的人永远爬不到顶端。他们一点点地使用武力就崩溃了。意志坚强的人,在另一方面,会站起来反对一切困难,并将它成为一个成功点。

英语阅读理解高频词汇(分类整理)

经济类高频词 1.accelerate vt (使)加速,增速 例:accelerate the rate of economic growth加速经济增长 派:acceleration n 加速accelerating a 加速的 2.boost vt 提高,推动,使增长n 推动,增长 例:boost the economy推动经济增长 派:booster n 支持者,推动器 3.mushroom vi 迅速成长n 蘑菇 例:sth mushroom …快速成长/增加 4.flourish vi 繁荣,茂盛; vt挥动 例:the nation’s economy will flourish国家经济将繁荣发展 5.thrive vi 兴旺,繁荣 例:The company managed to thrive after a recession经济衰退后该公司设法兴旺起来6.impose vt 把…强加于;征税 考:impose on/upon把…强加于 例:to impose local tax征收地方税 派:imposing a 壮观的,令人难忘的 7.restore vt 恢复,修复;归还,交还 例: restore the economy to full strength完全恢复经济发展 派:restoration n 修复 revive v 使复苏vi 恢复 例:The economy of these areas is beginning to revive这些地方的经济开始复苏 8.soar vi 猛增,高飞;(情绪)高涨 例:Oil prices have soared in recent weeks石油价格最近几周飚升 9.squeeze vt 挤,压榨;n 拮据,紧缺;握手 例:financial squeeze财政困难 10.exceed vt 超过,越出 例:The benefits exceed $10 million利润超过1千万美元 派:exceeding a 超过的;exceedingly ad 非常

高考英语阅读常见690个单词

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《1》Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients ____36____ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to, live with it. Times have changed. Today, we take pain ____37____. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in ____38____a person's well-being. We know that chronic(慢性的) pain can disrupt (扰乱的) a person's life, causing problems that ____39 ____ from missed work todepression. That's why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who ____40____ in pain medicine. Not onlydo we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help providecomprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social ____41____ related to chronic pain. Suchcomprehensive therapy often ____42 ____ the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心理医生) and psychologists, aswell as specialists in pain medicine. This modem ____43____ for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effectiveand with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a ____44 ____number of drugs available, andmany of them caused ____45 ____ side effects in older people,including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the painitself. A.result B.involves C.significant D.range E.relieved F.issues G.seriously H.magnificent I.determining J.limited K.gravely https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3a9316718.html,plained M.respect

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说明: 1.词汇前标有▲是理解词汇,其余是掌握 词汇。 2.部分可根据构词法推出的副词和名词不 单列。 3.基数词和序数词未单列完全。 A above prep. 在…上面 a. 上面的ad. 在…之上 ▲accept vt.接受,同意,承担(责任等) accident n. 事故,意外的事 ▲across prep. 横过,穿过 ▲act n. 法令,条例 v. (戏)表演(角色),行动,做事 ▲active a. 积极的;活跃的;勤奋的 ▲activity n. 活动;行动 ▲advice n. 忠告,劝告,建议 agree v. 同意,应允 ▲alive a. 活着的,存在的 ▲allow vt. 允许,准许 almost ad. 几乎,差不多 alone a. 单独的,孤独的 along ad. 向前,和…在一起,一同 prep. 沿着,顺着 another a. 再一,另一,别的,不同的 pron. 另一个 answer n. 回答,答复,回信,答案 v. 回答,答复,回信,(作出)答案▲appear vi. 出现 ▲area n. 地区,区域,面积,方面 arm n. 臂,支架,(美)武器,武力v. 以…装备,武装起来 ▲asleep a. 睡着的,熟睡 ▲attention n. 注意,(口令)立正! August n. 八月 Australia n. 澳洲,澳大利亚 ▲Australian a. 澳大利亚的n. 澳大利亚人 B basket n. 篮子 basketball n. 篮球 ▲beach n. 海滨,海滩 ▲bear n. 熊 v. 承受,负担,承担,忍受,容忍beat v.(beat, beaten)敲打,跳动,打赢 n. (音乐)节拍 beautiful a. 美的,美丽的,美观的 ▲beef n. 牛肉 begin (began, begun) v. 开始,着手 ▲believe v. 相信,认为 birthday n. 生日 ▲blind a. 瞎的 blow (blew, blown) v. 吹,刮风,吹气 ▲boring a. 乏味的,无聊的 borrow v. (向别人)借用,借 bottle n. 瓶子 ▲bowl n. 碗 break (broke, broken) v. 打破(断,碎), 损坏,撕开n. 间歇 breakfast n. 早餐 brown n & a. 棕色,棕色的 brush v & n. 刷,擦,刷子 build (built, built) v. 建筑,造 business n. (本分)工作,职业,职责, 生意,交易,事业 ▲butter n. 黄油,奶油 C ▲camera n. 照相机,摄象机 ▲cancer n. 癌 ▲candy n. 糖果 ▲cap n. (无檐的或仅在前面有檐的)帽子,(瓶子的)盖,(钢笔等的)笔套 ▲capital n. 首都,省会,大写,资本 careful a. 小心的,仔细的,谨慎的 carry v. 拿,搬,抬,背,抱,运等 catch (caught, caught) v. 接住,捉住,赶上, 染上(疾病) ▲cause n. 原因,起因 v. 促使,引起,使发生 ▲CD n. 光盘(compact disk 的缩写)centre(美center)n. 中心,中央 ▲century n. 世纪,百年 ▲certain a. 一定的pron. 某几个,某些 certainly ad. 当然 ▲chance n. 机会,可能性 ▲check n 检查,批改; v. 校对,核对,检查,批改 ▲cheese n. 奶酪

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