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(完整版)大英第一册课后练习答案

(完整版)大英第一册课后练习答案
(完整版)大英第一册课后练习答案

1

Unit One Growing up

Language Focus

V ocabulary I (p12)

1. 1) respectable 2) agony 3) put down 4) sequence 5) hold back 6) distribute 7) off and on 8) vivid 9)

associate 10) finally 111) turn in 12) tackle

2. 1) has been assigned to the newspaper's Paris office 2) was so extraordinary that I did not know

whether to believe him or not. 3) a clear image of how she would look in twenty years' time. 4) gave

the command the soldiers opened fire. 5) buying bikes we'll keep turning them out. 3. 1) reputation; rigid; to inspire 2) and tedious; What's more; out of date ideas 3) compose; career;

avoid showing; hardly hold back

V ocabulary II (p14)

1. compose

2. severe

3. agony

4. extraordinary

5. recall

6. command

7. was violating

8. anticipate

V ocabulary III (p15)

1. at

2. for

3. of

4. with

5. as

6. about

7. to

8. in; in

9. from 10. on/upon Comprehensive Exercises (p16)

I. Cloze

1. Text-related

1) hold back 2)tedious 3) scanned 4) recall 5) vivid 6) off and on 7) turn out/in 8) career

2. Theme-related

1) last 2) surprise 3) pulled 4) blowing 5) dressed 6) scene 7) extraordinary 8) image 9) turn 10)

excitement

II Translation

1) As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.

2) His girlfriend advised him to get out of / get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.

3) Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have

decided to increase its production.

4) It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company's safety rules. ? Bill is said to

have been fired for continually violating the company's safety rules.

5) It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe

water shortage. ? The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the

possibility of a severe water shortage.

Translation 2 (p18)

Susan lost her legs in a car accident. For a time, she didn't know how to face up to the fact that she

would never be able to walk again.

One day, while scanning through some magazines, a true story caught her eye. It gave a vivid

description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too,

would finally be able to lead a useful life.

Comprehension Check (pp22-23) 1-6 cacdbd

Language Practice (pp23-24)

1. 1) –8) b. d, a. f, c, g, h, e

2. 1) resigned 2) expectation 3) have maintained 4) represents 5) exception 6) was awarded 7) plus 8)

make it 9) delicate 10) innocent 11) compare to 12) significance

2

Unit 2 Friendship

V ocabulary (p40)

I. 1. 1) absolutely 2) available 3) every now and then 4) are urging 5) destination 6) mostly 7) hangs

out 8) right away 9) reunion 10) or something 11) estimate 12) going ahead

2. 1) in the examination was still on his mind. 2) was completely choked up by the sight of his team

losing in the final minutes of the game. 3) was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner. 4) has

come up and I am afraid I won't be able to accomplish the project on time. 5) of equipping the new

hospital was estimated at $2 million.

3 . 1) were postponed; the awful; is estimated 2) reference; not available; am kind of 3) not much of a

teacher; skips; go ahead

II. Collocation (p41)

1. to

2. for

3. at

4. from

5. in

6. to

7. on

8. with

III. Usage (p42)

1. more or less

2. kind of / sort of

3. Something

4. kind of / sort of

5. more or less

6.

or something

Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze (p43)

1. Text-related

1) choked up 2) awful 3) practically 4) neighborhood 5) correspondence 6) available 7) destination 8)

reunion 9) Mostly 10) postponing 11) absolutely

2. Theme-related

1) how 2) savings 3) embarrassment 4) phone 5) interrupted 6) touch 7) envelope 8) signed 9) message

10) needed

II. Translation (p44)

1. 1) Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn't come yet. We had to walk home.

2) Mary looks

as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn't learned the texts by heart. 3) Since

the basketball match has been postponed, we might as well visit the museum. 4) He stayed in Australia

with his parents all the way through World War II. 5) Since I graduated from Nanjing University in

1985, I have kind of lost touch with my classmates.

2.

It is not easy to keep in touch with friends when they are far away. This is certainly true in my

case.

It has been a couple of years since I left my old neighborhood and all the friends I had there. I've

been meaning tot write to them but something or other comes up and I just don't seem to find the time.

They are always on my mind, however, and I think I will certainly make an effort to keep up

correspondence with them in future.

Comprehension Check (p49) 1-7 dbadcdd

Language Practice (pp50-51)

1. 1) –8) c, e, d, g, f, h, a, b

2. 1) stuff 2) despair 3) was peering 4) soaked 5) swung 6) in good shape 7) extent 8) rescue 9) draw

on 10) Worse still 11) burst into 12) flinging

3

Unit Three Understanding Science

Language Focus

ocabulary VI. (p67)

1. 1) brief 2) in terms of

cut off 4) tend 5) anyway 6) precise 7) in the form of 3) 8) initiative 9) convey

in two minds 10)

11) concept 12) grasp

responsibility to heal the 'their team a place in the Cup Final. 2) medical workers2. 1) has ensured

educate the learner 4) can do without air and as well as wounded and rescue the dying.

3) entertain

water. 5) is likely to be held in June.

3. 1) lies in; contact between 2) basis of; is likely; sufficient; at the moment

3) the steady; ensures; will be highly

II. Word Formation (pp67-68)

1. regained

2. undecided

3. undersupplied

4. disabled

5. precondition

6. foresight

7. mispronounced

8.

enrich

III. Antonyms (pp68-69)

dislike; difficult; go; young; colored; short; late; ancient; remember; poor; bad; dry; agree; attack;

likely; trust

2. 1) majority 2) accepted 3) increased 4) weakness

6) late 5) local

8) false

7) wrong

Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze (pp69-70)

1. Text-related

1) highly 2) bring about 3) evident 4) rate 5) sufficient 6) put across 7) proportion 8) Hence 9) ensure

2. Theme-related

1) understand 2) travel 3) practical 4) use 5) Another 6) likely 7) affect 8) developments 9) supply 10)

Someday

II. Translation

problems most serious become one of the predicted by scientists, global pollution has 1. 1) As is

humans are faced with.

tough Competition for the jobs is very 2)

--- we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year /

---there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year.

3)As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for

economic

development.

4)The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay.

5) To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political

background to it.

2.It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could do without so many conveniences that modern

technology has brought about. Back then only a small proportion of the population enjoyed the

t even have sufficient food, let alone / not to speak of the privilege

'comforts of life. The majority didn

4

of being educated.

However, many people blame modern technology for creating so many problems. They want to slow

down the rate of progress. But no one can put the clock back.

Unit Four The American Dream

Text Organization 1 (p88)

I. 1.

1) wreck 2) balance

3) approaching 4) handle

5)discard 6) Above all

7) diet 8) do with

9)checked on 10) cleaned up 11) weekly 12) principles

2. 1) to look for survivors /were abandoned after it had been determined that all the people in the

sunken ship had died.

2) was amazed that Bob left a well-paid job to travel around the world.

3)for a loan /has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she could provide no

guarantee.

4) express her thoughts with precision, so people often misunderstand her.

5) will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time.

3. 1) for sale; hunting for; be amazed by

2)become skilled; handle their; loans

3) character; by calling on; he passed away

II. Confusable Words (p93)

1. 1) personal 2) personnel

2. 1) sometime 2) Sometimes 3) some time 4) sometime III. Euphemism (p94)

1) –8) d, e, h, c, g, a, b, f

Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze (pp94-95)

1. Text-related

1)sponsored

2) determination

3) turned away 4) assumed

5) capacity 6) skilled 7) loan 8) character 9) hunting

10) for sale 11) send for

2. Theme-related

1) save 2) recent 3) modest

4) grow 5) dream

6)immigrants 7) business

8)engineering 9) invest

9)10) rich

II. Correcting Non-standard English (p95)

1. “Mr. Craw, snow pretty soon,”→“Mr. Crawford, it's going to snow pretty soon,”When winter comes, please

“→”When winter come, you give me job clearing snow at the factory.“2.

5

give me the job of clearing snow at the factory.”

3. “I like a buy a house.”→“I'd like to buy a house.”

4. “Mr. Craw, I sell my house!”→“Mr. Crawford, I've sold my house!”

5. “Mr. Craw, I buy a farm.”→“Mr. Crawford, I've bought a farm.”

III. Translation

1. 1) It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be acceptable

to both sides.

2)Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes.

3)Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disasters cannot be prevent ed, but action can be

taken to(take action to) protect life and property.

4)I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxiously to amuse

myself reading it.

5) Helen lacks confidence. I've never known anyone so unsure of herself.

2. After graduating from college, Toney decided to start his own business. At the beginning, many a

bank turned down his request for a loan. But he was not a bit discouraged, and continued to call on one

banker after another seeking help. Impressed by his determination and optimism, one banker finally

agreed to loan him the money. Now he has become a wealthy businessman. Talking about his amazing

achievement, Tony says that it is important to create rather than wait for opportunities. Comprehension Check (p100) 1-6 abdcbd

Unit Five Work to Live or Live to Work

Language Focus (pp132-136)

V ocabulary

I. 1. 1) monthly 2) acquaintances 3) classic 4) look …in the eye 5) manufactured 6) options 7) finance

8) replacement 9) survived 10) pick …out 11) married 12) grabbed at

2. 1) survived a car crash that killed both his parents. 2) almost embarrassed to death when Sarah read

my poem out to the whole class. 3) of the Children's Hospital will care for the seriously injured pupils.

4) several phone calls making inquiries about the position of Chief Finance Officer. 5) straighten out

all your financial problems if you join our club.

3. 1) inquiry; died of hunger; people survived 2) Instantly; give up his; retire; replace him; executive 3)

his beloved; odd jobs; and all that

II. Word Formation

1. embarrassment

2. survivors

3. newly

4. marketable

5. monthly

6. competition

7. conceivable

8.

respectable

III. Usage

1. the poor

2. The deceased / The dead

3. the disabled

4. the French

5. The accused

6. the young

7. The

unemployed 8. the latter…the former

Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze

1. Text-related

1) died of 2) instantly 3) classic 4) ask around 5) surviving 6) retire 7) executive 8) replacement 9)

stock 10) look …in the eye

2. Theme-related

1) impressed 2) diligence 3) Instead 4) Contrary 5) professionally 6) perform 7) personal 8) balance 9)

6

大学英语泛读第三版book213.全文翻译

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UNIT 2 英国人的谨慎和礼貌 在许多人看来,英国人极为礼貌,同他们交朋友很难。但愿下列文字能够帮助你更好地了解英国人的性格特点。 对于其他欧洲人来说,英国人最著名的特点是“谨慎”。一个谨慎的人不太会和陌生人聊天,不会流露出太多的情感,并且很少会兴奋。要了解一个谨慎的人并非易事;他从不告诉你有关他自己的任何事,也许你和他工作了几年,却连他住在哪儿,有几个孩子,兴趣是什么,都不知道。英国人就有类似的倾向。如果乘公共汽车去旅行,他们会尽量找一个没人坐的位子;如果是乘火车,他们会找一个没人的单间。如果他们不得不与陌生人共用一个单间时,那么即使火车驶出了很多英里,他们也不会开口交谈。一旦谈起来的话,他们不会轻易问及像“你几岁?”或者甚至“你叫什么名字?”等私人问题。像“你的手表是在哪儿买的?”或者“你的收入是多少?”这样的问题几乎不可想象。同样,在英国,人们交谈时一般声音都很轻、很有节制,大声谈话会被视为没有教养。 在某种程度上,不愿意与他人交流是一种不幸的品质,因为它可能会给人造成态度冷淡的印象。而事实上,英国人(也许除了北方人)并不以慷慨和好客而著称。而另一方面,虽然谨慎使他们不易与人沟通,但他们内心还是很有人情味的。如果一个陌生人或外国人友善地将这种隔阂打破那么一会儿,他们可能会满心欢喜。 与英国人的谨慎紧密相连的品质是英国式的谦逊。在内心深处,英国人可能比任何人都高傲,但是当他们与别人相处时,他们十分看重谦逊的品质,至少要表现出谦虚的样子。自我标榜会被认为没有教养。让我们假设,有一个人非常擅长打网球,但如果有人问他是否是个优秀选手时,他很少会说“是”,不然,人们会认为他很高傲。他可能会作出类似这样的回答,“不算太差,”或者“嗯,我非常喜欢网球。”这样的自我贬低是典型的英国式的。而且当这一品质与他们的谨慎混合在一起时,常常形成一种漠然的气氛,这在外国人看来难于理解,甚至令人恼火。 著名的英国人的幽默感也是大同小异。它的出发点是自我贬低,它的最大对手是高傲,它的理想境界是自嘲的能力——嘲笑自己的错误、自己的失败和窘境,甚至自己的理想。在英国,人们非常看重幽默感,常常能听到“他一点幽默感都没有”这样的批评。幽默感是一种对生活的态度而并非仅仅是开玩笑的能力。这种态度决非残酷、不敬或是怀有恶意的。英国人不会嘲笑一个跛子或者疯子,也不会嘲笑一个悲剧或者一次可敬的失败。同情心或者对艺术技巧的崇敬比嘲笑的份量重得多。 同幽默感一样,运动员精神是英国式的理想,这一点并非所有的英国人都做得到。必须认识到,现代形式的运动几乎都是英国人发明的。拳击、英式足球、网球以及板球都是在英国首次组织并且制定出规则的。规则是运动的精髓,运动员精神是指按照规则从事体育运动的能力,同时也表现在对对手的慷慨大度,以及失败后的良好心态。此外,运动员精神作为一种理想模式也普遍适用于日常生活。其中最基本的生活规则之一就是“不打跌倒的人”。换言之,就是不要利用别人的不幸。英国的男孩子常常在相互交往中把这种运动员精神表现得淋漓尽致。 英国人的另一特点就是礼貌。总的来说,英国式的礼貌习惯都不很正式。所有的礼貌都是建立在这样的基本原则之上:为别人着想,同时也认可别人对你的关心。在麻烦别人时,如:从某人前面经过,或者打断某人的谈话,或者向陌生人请教问题时,要先说“对不起”,为给对方带来的不便预先道歉。“抱歉”一词表示对意外打扰或者违反礼仪的歉意。如果有人提出或者暗示某个要求,如:“我可以借你的钢笔吗嘛?”或者“现在几点了?”或者“还有七码的鞋吗?”,而你无法满足这种要求时,也要说“抱歉”而不是“不”。“请原谅?”是用来要求别人重复所说内容时的礼貌说法。在英国,除了在学校,人们在请求发言时,不再用“请”这个词。在国外非常普遍的词组“不,请”,在英国本土听起来却会很别扭。“好

大英3课后翻译

UNIT 1 Translation 1. We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor. 2. My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point. 3. The toys have to meet strict/ tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children. 4. Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion. 5. When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world. A decade ago,Nancydid what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened/ set up a household device store in her neighborhood. People likeNancymade the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives. But, to run a small business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income,Nancyhad to cut back on her daily expense. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premium for the various kinds of insurance she needed. Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life. UNIT 2 Translation 1. Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis. 2. Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement. 3. According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials. 4. Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once. 5. Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world. Shortly after he achieved freedom Henson became intent on assisting fugitive slaves. He secretly returned to theUnited StatesfromCanadaseveral times to help others to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the run. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. Later he built a small settlement inDresdeninCanadafor escaped slaves, setting up a chapel and a school. He held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination no longer existed. UNIT 3 Translation 1.

大英3课后答案

Unit 1 Part one preparation 1. 1)Gentle 2)Dedicated 3)Considerate 4)Adventurous 5)Calm 6)Aggressive 7)Critical 8)Energetic 9)Selfish 10)Ambition 11)Self-confident 12)Easygoing 13)Truthful 14)Outgoing 15)Frank 16)Sensitive 17)Bossy 18)Patient 19)Talkative 20)Persuasive 21)Sympathetic 22)Emotional 2. Part two post-reading Reading Comprehension

1. 1) much unhappiness 2)a profound effect usually act with confidence are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others 3)i)Recognize your personal strengths and weaknesses ii)Set reasonable goals iv)Don't be afraid to speak up and give your point of view v)Do not make negative comments about yourself vi)Accept criticism thoughtfully viii)Do not associate with people who make you feel inadequate ix)Set aside time to relax,enjoy hobbies,and reevaluate your goal regular x)Practice being in social situation 2. 1)FTTTF 6)TFFT Vocabulary 1. 1)self-conscious 2)self-confidence 3)self-esteem 4)self-destructive 5)self-worth 6)self-concept 7)self-awareness 8)self-assurance/self-confidence 2. 1)B 2)I 3)L 4)A 5)H 6)D 7)E 8)N 9)J 10)M 11)C 12)F 13) G 14)K 3. 1)profound 2)jealousy 3)numerous 4)overweight 5)overcome 6)eventually 7)slim 8)compliments 9)diminish 10)reassurance 11)detrimental 12)isolated 13)self-esteem 14)accented 4. 1)reflected 2)concerned/worried 3)profound effect/influence 4) viewed/regarded 5)sensitive 6)respond/react 7)eliminated 8)overcome my fear 9)concentrate on

大英三泛读翻译

范读课文4、8、11、14、17、20 LESSON 4: The Middle-Class Black’s Burden Leanita McClain 黑人中产阶级因其成功而备受煎熬,我就是其中一员。一方面,白人认为我不过是幸运昙了;另一方面,黑人则妒忌我,僧恨我。一旦获得了机会,能够从事属于白领阶层的工作,和所有人一样,黑人就会对生活抱有极大的希望,这些包括了人们常说的梦中的豪宅,两辆汽车,接受良好的教育,还有孩子们在迪斯尼乐园度过的假期。这一事实仍会让很多人感到震惊。实际上,相较于其他美国人,我们黑人更渴望获得这一切,因为我们已有太久无权拥有和享受这些东西了。 同时,在通常被人们称为贫民区的地方,仍生活有相当多的黑人同胞,他们和那些观念陈旧的黑人好战分子一起,总是无休止地责写黑人中产阶级,说我们“忘了本”!’指责我们抛弃了革命,背叛了本民族,变成了白心黑人—皮肤是黑色的,内心却已被白人同化。 而事实是我们不曾忘本,我们也不敢忘本。我们只不过是奋斗在不同的阵线,也不比他们少厌倦战争。或许,我们还更伤心,因为我们清楚地知道黑人世界和白人世界本可以融会在一起,而这个融合在一起的世界将会更美好。 要那些花言巧语的骗子仍无所顾忌地利用儿时的友情来作编我,我就不可能忘本。当我怀着恐惧回到以前住过的地方,钱包被人抢走时,我不会忘本;当我享用商务午餐却发现服务员是老同学时,我也不会忘本。我回忆起儿时一起玩洋娃娃的女孩,她现在靠福利救济抚养五个子女;而那个住在教堂里的男孩,现在因谋杀罪而被关在监狱里;儿时的密友则因服食过量毒品被发现死在我们曾一起玩捉迷藏的小巷里。这一切怎能令我忘本!

大英3课后翻译

Unit1 1.年轻人有时会抱怨无法和父母沟通。(communicate with) Answer: Young people sometimes complain of being unable to communicate with their parents. 2.能在中国云南的一个苗家村落住下来一直是玛丽长久以来的梦想,现在她终于梦想成真了。(to take up residence) Answer: It has been Mary’s long cherished dream to take up residence in a Miao village in Yunnan, China. Now her dream has finally come true. 3. 家养的动物习惯于依赖人,因此很难能在野外活下来。(survive) Answer: Domestic animals are used to depending on humans, so it is difficult for them to survive in the wild. 4. 他突然有种恐惧感,觉得自己会因为经济不景气而被公司裁员。(overtake) Answer: He was suddenly overtaken by a fear that he would be laid off by the company because of depression. 5. 我估计公交路线上堵车了,因为我都等了30分钟也没见一辆车开过去。(figure) Answer: I figure that there is a traffic jam on the route of the bus, for I’ve waited for 30 minutes without seeing one passing by. 1. 十年前,当公司还处在生产的鼎盛时期时,我们就决定投资新技

英语泛读教程3第三册课文翻译unit14

UNIT14 你怎么知道艺术品的优劣? 玛丽亚·曼尼丝 你喜欢艺术吗?你能说出哪些艺术品好哪些不好?是否存在评价艺术的标准?读一读下面这篇文章,看看玛丽亚·曼尼丝如何回答这样的问题。 设想没有评论家告诉我们,对一幅画,一个剧本或一段新乐曲怎样反应。设想我们无意间步入一个未署名油画的画展。我们依据什么标准,依据什么价值来评判它们是优是劣,是天才的还是没有天才的,是成功还是失败?我们又怎能知道自己的想法是正确的? 近十五或二十年来,艺术的批评与欣赏流行否认任何合理标准的存在,使“好”与“坏”成了无关紧要,无足轻重、无可适用的字眼。我们被告知,根本不存在先通过知识与经验获得,然后加在讨论的对象上的一套标准这回事。这一直是受到欢迎的方法,因为它解除了评论家评判的责任,公众也无须知识。它迎合那些不愿受规则约束的人,称头脑空虚者为开明来讨好他们,并使不知所措的人得到安慰。在民主平等之旗的掩护下--当然不是我们祖先所说的那种平等--它实际是在说:“你是谁,要来告诉我们什么是好,什么是坏?”这与大众传媒制作者的一贯伎俩如出一辙。他们坚持认为,由公众而不是由他们决定的它想要听和看的什么,而评论家说这个节目好而这个节目不好,这纯粹是个人趣味的反应。没有谁表达这一哲学,比近来弗兰克·斯丹坦博士,哥伦比亚广播电视公司极其睿智的总裁更为简明。在联邦通讯委员会的一次听证会上,他在接受询问时漏出此言:“一人眼里的平庸之作,却是另一人的佳作。” 最妙不过的说法是:“没有一个标准是绝对的”。造成这种放任观念的另一重要因素是:畏惧感----所有艺术形式的观察者们都有唯恐猜错的担心。这种担心极易遇到,谁没有听说当初饱受世人指摘的艺术家后来被称为大师?每个时期都有一些评判者,他们不和时代一起前进,无法区分进化和革命,风行一时的时尚、业余的实验与深刻的必然的变化之间的区别。谁愿意作出这样严重的判断错误而贻笑大方?安全得多,当然也容易得多的做法是:看着一幅画,一个剧本或一首诗,说道:“它很难懂,但也许很好”;或者干脆把它当作新形式加以欢迎。“新的”这个词--尤其在我们这个国度--具有魔力般的涵义。凡是新的都是好的;而旧的则极可能是不好的。如果评论家能用无人理解的语言描述新事物,那么他就更为安全。倘若他掌握了说话的艺术,用精巧复杂的言辞,却什么也没说,日后就无人能够说他曾经说过什么。 但是我认为,所有这一切实质上都是对评判责任的背弃。艺术家在创作中表现自己,而你则在欣赏中有自己的承诺。毕竟还是观众成就了艺术。欣赏的气氛对于艺术的繁荣不可或缺。公众的期望愈高,艺术家的表现就愈好。相反,只有被评论家误导的社会,才会在这几年把既不是艺术也不是文学的东西当做艺术和文学接受。如果一件东西没有了,一切也就没有了,而在废物堆最底层的是被抛弃的标准。 但这些标准究竟是什么?你怎样得到它们?你如何知道它们是正确的?你又如何能在这许多不可捉摸的东西,包括最不可捉摸的自我本身,理清出一个清晰的模式? 首先,很明显,你愈是多读、多看、多听,你将愈好地被装备起来实践建立在所有的理解与判断之上的联想艺术。愈是见多识广,愈能深刻意识到一个连贯一致的规律--犹如星辰、潮汐、呼吸、白昼黑夜一般具有普遍性--存在于万事万物中。我把这一规律与这一节奏称为一种秩序。并非秩序,而是一种秩序。其中存在着变化万千的各种形式。其外则是混乱--疯狂的毁灭因素----病态。最终应由你来区分健康的多样性与病态的混乱,而不运用联想的过程是无法做到的。没有联想的过程,你就不能将莫扎特乐曲的一节和维米尔油画的一角,斯特拉文斯基的乐谱与毕加索的抽象画,或者一个挑衅性的行为与弗兰茨·克兰的油画,一阵咳嗽声与约翰·凯奇的作品联系起来。 某些艺术表现形式是永恒的,而另一些却转瞬即逝,这并非偶然现象。尽管你不一定总要解释原因,但你可以提出问题。艺术家说了些什么永恒的东西?他怎样说这些?有多少是时尚,多少纯是反映?为什么如今沃尔特·司各特的作品如此难读,而简·奥斯丁却不是这样?为什么巴洛克艺术风格适合某一时期,而另一时期却显得过于炫目辉煌? 是否存在一个技巧标准,能够适用于所有时代的艺术,还是每个时代对标准都有各自不同的定义?你也许已不经意地意识到,这些年“技巧”已变成不入流的字眼,因为它含有“标准”的意思--即作品完成得好不好。这种方便的逃避的结果,导致了大量不能发出声音的演员,不会解释歌曲涵义的歌手,不能交流感情的诗人,词汇贫乏的作家--更不用说不会作画的画家。现在的教条是,技巧阻碍表达。不必说你不知道自己在做什么,如果你不知道怎样去做,那么你就能做得更好。 我认为,到了你帮助扭转这一潮流的时候了,方法是努力重新发现技巧:掌握选择的工具,无论是画笔、字词还是声音。当你开始觉察自由与草率,严肃的实验与自我疗法,技艺与即兴,力量与暴力之间的区别时,你就逐渐能够将山羊与绵羊区分开来,而这种区分形式我们竟阔别已久。所有你需要重新拥有的,不过是几条标准和能够看穿骗局的盖氏测量仪,而我们可以在急切需要这两者的领域--当代绘画开始艺术之旅。 我不知道什么更糟糕:不得不面对大面积的拙劣艺术,为的是发现些许可取之处,还是阅读评论家对此说的一切。其他任何一个表现领域都不会象画界一样如此盛行煞有其事的言谈,流行如此多的废话:艺术与艺术生存的评论氛围之间紧密地相互依赖的进一步证据。我将很乐意和你共享我们时代典型的故弄玄虚的东西。

(完整word版)新视野大学英语第三版读写教程book3 课后翻译英汉互译

NNCE Book3课后翻译参考答案 Unit1 英译中原文:Global citizen is someone who identifies with being part of an emerging world community and whose actions contribute to building this community's values and practices. Global citizenship believes that humankind is essentially on and each individual has the power to change things. In our interdependent world, global citizenship encourages us to recognize our responsibilities toward each other and learn from each other. Global citizens care about education, disease, poverty, and environmental issues around the world. Today, the forces of global engagement are helping some people identify themselves as global citizens who have a sense of belonging to a world community. This growing global identity in large part is made possible by the forces of modern information, communications and transportation technologies. Global citizenship aims to empower people to lead their own action. Along with the knowledge and values that they have gained from learning about global issues, people need to be equipped with the necessary skills to give themselves the ability and confidence to be pro-active in making a positive difference in the world. Keys:世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子,而且其行动 是一个整体,任何个人都有改变事物的能力。在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中,世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任,并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。在当今,全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识,让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲,要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量,让他们付诸行动,世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观,还要拥有必需的技能,使他们拥有能力和自信,积极推动世界的发展。 汉译英原文:如今,很多年轻人不再选择" 稳定" 的工作,他们更愿意自主创业,依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。青年创业(young entrepreneurship)是未来国家经济活力的来源,创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活,从长远来看,对于国家更是一件好事,创业者正是让中国经济升级换代的力量。尤其是在当前,国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新,在政策上给予中小企业支持,这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。 Keys:Nowadays, many young people no longer choose "stable" jobs. they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people's life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China's economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people's enthusiasm to start their own businesses.

第三版大英三综合教程课后翻译

P11 unit 1 ●Shyness can vary from feeling slight discomfort o high levels of anxiety that impact us in almost everything we do. ●Despite his stubbornness he knew in his heart that he should avoid arousing any suspicious. ●It will be interpreted as criticism no matter what you say. ●Let’s not allow ourselves to be upset by trifles which we should ignore and forget. ●Too much time spent dwelling on the past can get in the way of enjoying life as it happens. ●People who believe they can accomplish goals and solve problems are more likely to do well in school. P40 uint2 ●She wore a dress with a pattern of roses on it ●Helen has prepared a wonderful meal for us ●Ann promised faithfully that she should never tell ●Could you deliver this letter to the accounts department ●We were offered a selection of milk and plain chocolate ●Tell the children to keep out of mischief ●We could hear the thunder in the distance ●The project received approval from the government ●Kelly loved his husband in spite of the fact that he drank too much

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