大学英语精读预备级第二课

一、词汇

1.terminal：n 航站楼；（火车、公共汽车、轮船等的）终点站；

计算机终端

2.board：v 上（船，飞机、公共汽车等）

e.g. board a train 上火车 on board 上船

①Please board the plane immediately.

②As soon as we went on board,our ship left port.

我们一上船，船就出港了。

Phrase：boarding gate登机口

3.track：n （火车等的）轨道

e.g.①a single track单轨②a double track 双轨

③The train left the track。火车出轨了。

另：轨迹，行踪，足迹。 track in the snow 雪地上的足迹路径，小道。a track through a forest 林中小道

4.pure：a 纯粹的，完全的，纯净的

e.g. ①pure cotton 纯棉的②pure gold 纯金的

③pure white 纯白的

5.delight：n 欣喜，高兴，愉快

e.g.To our great delight，the day turned out fine。

to one’s delight……使…感到高兴的是

one’s =my，our，her…

（1）t urn out：驱逐，把…赶走；翻出；关，旋熄；出来，出动；结果（是），原来（是），证明（是）（to be）；It turned out （to be）a fine day。制造，生产。

（2）by turns 轮流，交替；We kept watch by turns。我们轮流守望。

（3）in turn 依次，轮流，转而，反过来

（4）It is your turn now。

（5）take one’s turn 该谁做…了，轮到谁做…了

（6）take turns 一次，轮流

（7）turn against 背叛；（情况等）对…不利

（8）turn away 走开，离开，把…打发走；转过脸去

（9）turn （away） from 避开；厌恶

（10）turn back 折回，往回走；翻回到（to）；挡住

（11）turn down 翻下；关小，调低；拒绝

（12）turn from side to side （把身体）转过来转过去（13）turn in 转身进去，拐入；上床睡觉；交出，上缴（14）turn into 进入；使成为，使变成，翻译成

（15）turn off 关（水源、煤气，电灯等）；避开（问题等）；拐弯

（16）turn on 开，旋开；攻击，反对，对…发怒；把…对准，把…指向

（17）turn over （使）打翻，（使）倾倒；反复考虑；翻身（18）turn the corner （沿街角）拐弯；转危为安，渡过难关

（19）turn to 转向，变成；求教于，求助于；致力于，着手（做）（20）turn up 找到，发现；出现，来到，到达，被找到，突然发生；证明是（=turn out to be）；把…翻转过来，翻掘；旋大，开大，调大；寻找，查阅

6.suppose v 认定，假定

e.g.① Suppose you had a million pounds-how would you spend it？

②Suppose it rains，what’s to be done？

Phrase：be supposed to=should ①理应，应该 Teachers are supposed to know a lot。②【用于否定句】 You are not suppose to smoke in here。

7.racial a 种族的

Eg. ①racial conflict 种族冲突② racial discrimination 种族歧视。→racialism n ①种族偏见②种族主义

→racialist n 种族主义者。

8.distinction n.区别，差别对比

Phrase：distinction between A and B

Eg.He drew a quite artificial distinction between men and wamen readers.他把男读者和女读者硬是人为地区分开。

9.inexpensive a.不贵的，价廉的→反义词. Expensive.

10.bet v. 打赌赌博

Phrase：bet on sth

Eg.He spends all his money betting on horses.他把所有的钱用在赌马上.

→1、spend+钱+on/for sth

→2、spend+时间+on sth spend+时间+（in）doing sth Eg.①Tom spend ten cents on/for apple.

②spend the week-end with one’s family.

③He does not spend much time on his homework.

④He spend his whole life（in）looking after the poor.

11.stretch v. 拉长撑大，伸展，拽紧（某物）

Eg.①stretch a rope tight 把绳子拉紧

②The road stretch across the desert into the distance 这条道路穿过沙漠伸向远方.

③She stretch out her hand to take the glass.

12.ride

(1)v. 乘坐车辆或者其他陆上交通工具（骑马，骑自行车，乘车）ride in/on sth eg.①ride in/on a bus/train/bike/horse. ②You ride in the back of the car with your brother.

(2)n.乘坐交通工具旅行

Eg. ①It’s only 5 mimute bus-ride to the park.

②Shall we go for a ride in the car?我们开车兜会风好吗？

③He enjoyed his first bus ride.他享受了第一次的

汽车旅行.

13. shuttle. n

(1)(火车、公共汽车等)短距离的区间车，定时往返两地的运输（工具）

Eg.I’m flying to Boston on the shuttle.我将乘坐穿梭班机去波士顿.

(2)(织机的)梭、梭子

（3）太空穿梭机

14. pretend. V. 佯装，伪装

①pretend+n

②pretend to be sth ，to be doing sth

③pretend that 从句

Eg. ① She pretend to be busy.

②The boy pretended that he was ill.

③The children pretended to eat the mud pies(泥饼)

15. annoy v. 使……烦恼，使……生气。

Eg. ①His constant sniffing(吸气，嗅) annoys me.他不停地抽鼻子使我心烦.

②……

③……

16. rotten a.

(1)极令人不快或嫌恶的，差劲的【俚】

Eg.①be rotten the core 腐烂透顶

②she is a rotten cook.

(2) 腐烂的.变质的

Eg. The wood was so rotten that you could put your finger through it .木头已经朽了，用手指一捅就是个窟窿

17.reply

（1）n. 回答,回复

Eg.①make a reply 作答. Make no reply 不做答复

②she make no reply 她没有答复

（2）v.(认话语或行动)回答；答复 reply to sb/sth

reply with sth

Eg. ①I replied with a short note.我回了一封短信

②fail to reply to a question 未能回答一个问题.

18. destination. n. 目的地

eg.①Tokyo was our final destination东京是我们的最终目的地.

②arrive at/reach one’s destination 到达目的地.

19.trouble

（1）n．麻烦.困难【v.c】

eg.①what is your trouble?

②I have some trouble in reading his handwriting 我承认他的笔迹有些困难

③I hope we have not put you to any trouble

Put sb to trouble 劳烦某人，给某人增添麻烦

④My teeth are giving me trouble 我的牙疼的难受

Phrase：①get into trouble 惹上麻烦招致不幸

Eg.Even an experienced climber can get into trouble 即使是个有经验的登山者也能陷入困境

（2）v. 使（某人）忧虑，苦恼，痛苦或不便，打扰

be troubled by illness 因疾病而苦恼

20.increase

（1）n．增加，增大，增多，增加的量 increase in sth

Eg.①Some increase in working hours may soon be needed 也许不久需将工时延长一些

② There is a steady increase in population

人口在不断增加

（2）v. 增加，增大（数目，数量，体积等）→反义词 decrease increase A to B

eg.①The population has increase from 1.2million 10years ago to 1.8million now 人口从10年前的120万已增加到现在的180万

②Travel increase one’s knowledge of the world

旅游能提高一个人对世界的认识

21．Valuable a.有价值的，贵重的，有用的

Eg.①valuable advice 宝贵的意见。

②Wasting valuable time and effort 浪费宝贵的时间和精力.

三、课文

Text A father，a son and an answer

引子

1.lead：→led→led 领导，带领，引导

e.g.All roads lead to Rome。条条大道通罗马。

Phrase：lead （sb ）to do sth 引导某人，影响某人的言行

e.g.Her constant（始终，经常的） lying led me to distrust everything she said。她总是撒谎，我完全不相信她的话了。

2.reflect v

①反射，映出

the light reflecting the water 由水中反射出来的光

②思考，考虑，沉思或思忆（往事） reflect on/upon

e.g.reflect upon a problem 思考一个问题

I need time to reflect on your offer。我需要时间来考虑你的建议。

3.upbringing n【U】抚育，养育，教育

Eg.①He owed his success to the good upbringing he had.

他的成功归功于他受到的良好教养。

②It's all a question of upbringing。这完全是一个教养的问题。正文

1．pass through穿过，经过，经历

pass through the forest

through：（指空间）穿过，通过，透过

2.caught：catch的过去式

catch：赶上 catch the train 赶上火车

eg. We're just in time to catch the train.

我们正好赶上了火车。

3.one of +n复数…中的一个

one of those students

4.from…to…从…到…

from Lhasa to Beijing

from school to home

5.back and forth 来回地，来来往往地，前后

e.g.Plane fly back and forth between Lhasa and Chengdu。

往返于拉萨和成都的飞机。

6.all day long 一天到晚，整天的=all day

Eg.①Doing anything all day long will come to nothing but get usbored。整天做一件事只会把人弄烦。

②Rain fell from the heavens all day long。整天都下着雨。

7.consider v 认为，把…看作

e.g.①We consider him （as） our friend。我们把他当作朋友。

②You can’t consider him to be a selfish man。你不能把他看作一个自私的人。

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/402393991.html,y →laid v.①放，搁，摆②铺，砌，架设

ahead ①在前面，在前头②向前，提前

9.stop v.停止

Stop doing sth 停止做某事

Stop to do sth 停下来去做某事（to do表示停下来的目的，做状语）

Eg.We stopped talking 我们停止说话

We stopped (in order)to talk 我们停下来说话

10．Let off ①燃放，排放，爆炸，开枪 let off fireworks 燃放烟花爆竹②放过，不惩罚，宽恕

Eg.He asked the teacher to let him off and promised never to

do it again 他要求老师原谅他一次并保证再不做那事

11.hold →held →held v.抓住，握，掌握（权力），担任职务

hold on to sb/sth 抓住，不放手，不放弃（拥有的东西）

eg.He held on to the rock to stop himself slipping 他紧紧抓住岩石以免自己往下滑

hold on to the bar (在公共汽车上)拉住横杠

12.tight adj.紧的，牢固的

Eg.①She held her baby tight in her arms。

她紧紧地搂着她的孩子。

②This drawer is too tight for me to open it。

这抽屉太紧了我打不开。

13.The boy,about five years old,made sounds of pure delight. =The boy,who was about five years old,made sounds that showed nothing but happiness.

14.I knew we’re supposed to avoid making racial distinctions

these days.=I knew these days we ought not to treat one person differently from another because of their race. 15.……dressed in clothes that were just about as inexpensive as you can buy = dressed in the cheapest clothes.

16.be supposed to =should 被期望或要求，应该

Eg.①Teachers are supposed to know a lot 老师应该知道很多

②You are not supposed to smoke in here 你在这里不可以抽烟

17.avoid 避免，回避，躲开

avoid doing sth 避免做某事

eg.You had better avoid reading in the train。

你最好避免在地铁上阅读。

18.mind n.①内心，头脑，思维，想法，理智

mind and body 心身，精神和肉体/absence of mind 出神，思想不集中

②【u】记忆，bear(or keep)in mind 记在心头

An idea comes into my mind 计上心头

vt.①注意，听从，留心，当心 Mind what I say!

②专心于，从事于 mind your own business ！别管闲事

vi.介意 A：Do you mind if I smoke? 我抽烟你不介意吧？

B: I’m sorry,but I do 抱歉，请勿抽烟

注：mind后加名词或动名词，不能加动词不定式

19.just about 差不多，几乎

Eg.Just about every in town came to hear the mayor speak 镇上几乎每个人都来听市长讲话

20.as ①as…as…像……一样前一个as 为副词，后一个as为连词

②conj.(表示时间)当……的时候

Eg. I read the letter as I walked along the river.

21.get off (动身，起飞，离开某地或出发) 下车

Eg.①What time will you get off tomorrow？你明天什么时候动身？

②Jason saw me and got off the horse immediately。

杰森看到我，立马从马上下来。

22.decide 决定

（1）decide to do sth

Eg. ①That decided me to leave my job.那件事使我决定离职。

②He decided to get married.他决定结婚。

（2）decide +that 从句 I decided that I would tell him about it 我决定要告诉他那件事

23.go back 返回

Eg.①The children have to go back to school next week 下周孩子们就要返校了

②I may be going back in the fall.我可能在秋天回去。

24.be about to (急迫)即将

eg. ①We were about to start ,when it rained

我们正要出发，这时下雨了。

②He came just as the bus was about to leave。

汽车刚要开他就赶来了。

25.head for……向（某处）行进

eg.The boat was heading for some rocks.那船正驶向一些礁石

26.pretend 假装，借口，假托

① pretend+名词

②pretend to be eg.She pretended to be busy.她假装很忙

③pretend+that从句 eg.The boy pretended that he was ill.那个男孩装病

27.pleased.abj →反义词 displeased 高兴的，喜欢的

①pleased to eg. I am very pleased to meet you.

②pleased+with 短语

eg. I’m very (much) pleased with what he has done

我对他的工作很满意

③pleased+with+sb

eg. The teacher is pleased with you.老师对你很满意

④pleased+with或about或at+sth

eg. He was very much pleased at the news.

⑤pleased +that 从句

eg. I’m very (much)pleased (that)you’re decided to come 你决定来我很高兴

⑥pleased with oneself 得意洋洋

eg. He was looking very pleased with himself so I knew he had passed the driving test.他看来得意洋洋，所以我知道他已通过驾驶考试。

28.reply =answer 回答，回复

Eg.What a sage reply you gave!多聪明的回答啊.

29.get on.骑上（马，自行车等），登上（车，船，飞机）

eg.I want to get on the bus and buy a bus route map.

我想上车买张公共汽车路线图.

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The American does not join in the argument but watches the other guests. As he looks, he sees a strange expression come over the face of the hostess. She is s taring straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the nat ive boy standing behind her chair and whispers something to him. The boy's eyes widen: he quickly leaves the room. Of the guests, none except the American notices this or sees the boy place a bo wl of milk on the veranda just outside the open doors. The American comes to with a start. In India, milk in a bowl means only one thi ng -- bait for a snake. He realizes there must be a cobra in the room. Unit2 Jefferson's courage and idealism were based on knowledge. He probably knew more than any other man of his age. He was an expert in agriculture, archeology, an d medicine. He practiced crop rotation and soil conservation a century before t hese became standard practice, and he invented a plow superior to any other in existence. He influenced architecture throughout America, and he was constantly producing devices for making the tasks of ordinary life easier to perform. Of all Jefferson's many talents, one is central. He was above all a good and ti reless writer. His complete works, now being published for the first time, will fill more than fifty volumes. His talent as an author was soon discovered, and when the time came to write the Declaration of Independence at Philadelphia in 1776, the task of writing it was his. Millions have thrilled to his words: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal…" Unit3 While I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. Being very short money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fe aring as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim. However, three days later a letter arrived, asking me to go to Croydon for an i nterview. It proved an awkward journey: a train to Croydon station; a ten-minut e bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter to feel nervous. Unit 4 As a boy and then as an adult,I never lost my wonder at the personality that was Einstein .He was the only person i knew who had come to terms with himself and the world around him .He knew what he wanted and he wanted only this :to understand within his limits as a human being the nature of the universe and the logic and simplicity in its functioning .He knew there were answers beyond his intellectual reach .but this did not frustrate him .He was content to go as far as he could.

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1认识到2以后在3依靠4最轻微的5选择6算出7同意82 他们知道我的方法 3 必须认真思考每一个 句子一个不错的选择 1 第2单元父母 文本A父亲，答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:答:爸爸和饼干1睡过头2失望3年级4父母5图6大惊小怪7有它在8袋9态度 |我们将改变我们对父母的看法。2 教我们什么？所有这些都是 ，因为他们真的爱我们3 名儿童 4是表达感激的时候了感谢您的父母对我们的爱 unit3儿童教育课文我们都在这里学习 1技工2困惑3合格4面试 5稀缺6优秀7严重8执照9小学 10转11表扬12到达13定居14正式15卷 1关闭2拖把向上3获得

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3. impulse 4. came to 5. track down 6. unexpected 7. outgrow 8. widened 9. shortly 10. emerge / spring up 11. at the sight of 12. made for 13. crisis 14. colonial 四） 1. Jimmy has outgrown the shirts his aunt made for him a few years ago. 2. Does the doctor think the elderly lady is likely to survive the operation / it is likely that the elderly lady will survive the operation? 3. The other day your cousin paid us an unexpected visit. 4. Don't you see the nurse motioning us to be silent? 5. Her face lit up with joy at his return. 6. The sound of her footsteps grew fainter as she walked farther away. 五） 1. Additional advantageous Anxious conditional