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考研英语(一)英汉翻译高分特训100篇【命题分析+答题攻略+强化训练】(人物传记类)【圣才出品】

考研英语(一)英汉翻译高分特训100篇【命题分析+答题攻略+强化训练】(人物传记类)【圣才出品】
考研英语(一)英汉翻译高分特训100篇【命题分析+答题攻略+强化训练】(人物传记类)【圣才出品】

◆人物传记类

Practice95

(1)I had scarcely passed my twelfth birthday when I entered the inhospitable regions of examinations,through which for the next seven years I was destined to journey.These examinations were a great trial to me.The subjects which were dearest to the examiners were almost invariably those I fancied least.I would have liked to have been examined in history,poetry and writing essays.The examiners, on the other hand,were partial to Latin and mathematics.And their will prevailed. Moreover,the questions which they asked on both these subjects were almost invariably those to which I was unable to suggest a satisfactory answer.I should have liked to be asked to say what I knew.They always tried to ask what I did not know.When I would have willingly displayed my knowledge,they sought to expose my ignorance.This sort of treatment had only one result:I did not do well in examinations.

This was especially true of my Entrance Examination to Harrow.(2)The Headmaster,Dr Weldon,however,took a broadminded(宽宏大量的)view of my Latin prose:he showed discernment in judging my general ability.This was the more remarkable,because I was found unable to answer a single question in the Latin paper.I wrote my name at the top of the page.I wrote down the number of the question“I”.After much reflection I put a bracket round it thus“(I)”.But thereafter I could not think of anything connected with it that was either relevant or

true.Incidentally there arrived from nowhere in particular a blot and several smudges(污迹).I gazed for two whole hours at this sad spectacle and then merciful ushers collected my piece of foolscap with all the others and carried it up to the Headmaster’s table.(3)It was from these slender indications of scholarship that Dr.Weldon drew the conclusion that I was worthy to pass into Harrow.It is very much to his credit.It showed that he was a man capable of looking beneath the surface of things:a man not dependent upon paper manifestations.I have always had the greatest regard for him.

In consequence of his decision,I was in due course placed in the third,or lowest,division of the Fourth,or bottom,Form.(4)The names of the new boys were printed in the School List in alphabetical order;and as my correct name, Spencer-Churchill,began with an“S”,I gained no more advantage from the alphabet than from the wider sphere of letters.I was in fact only two from the bottom of the whole school;and these two;I regret to say,disappeared almost immediately through illness or some other cause.

The Harrow custom of calling the roll is different from that of Eton.At Eton the boys stand in a cluster and lift their hats when their names are called.At Harrow they file(排成纵列行进)past a Master in the school yard and answer one by one.My position was therefore revealed in its somewhat invidious humility.(5)It was the year1887,Lord Randolph Churchill had only just resigned his position as Leader of the House of Commons and Chancellor of the Exchequer(财政大臣),and he still towered in the forefront of politics.In sequence,large numbers of visitors of both

sexes used to wait on the school steps,in order to see me march by;and I frequently heard the irreverent(无礼的)comment,“Why,he’s last of all!”

【解析及译文】

(1)【解析】本句中包含了“scarcely...when”的结构,表示“才…就”。介词+which引导非限定性定语从句修饰“regions”。inhospitable“荒凉的;冷淡的”。“be

destined to do”表示“注定的,一定会”,且由该短语可看出作者的不情愿,因

此可增译“但,可是”等词。

【译文】我跨进那冷淡无情的考区时才刚满12周岁,可我注定要在这儿度过此后的七年岁月。

(2)【解析】冒号把句子分成了两部分,分别是两个单句,however是对上文的承接。从broadminded可以看出作者对威尔敦博士的感激且含有庆幸之意,因此增译“好

在”。“took a view of”表示“观察,见解”。discernment“洞察(力),敏锐”

【译文】然而,好在校长威尔敦博士对我的拉丁散文考试见解通达开明:在判断我的综合运用能力上,他显示出非凡的眼力。

(3)【解析】本句是一个“it…that”结构的强调句,强调部分是句子的状语。“draw the conclusion”表示“得出结论”。be worthy表示“值得,配得上”,此处译为“具

有…的资格”更符合该处语境。Harrow哈罗公学。

【译文】兴许威尔敦博士正是从这一星半点学识的迹象得出结论,认为我具备了进入哈罗公学的资格。

(4)【解析】本句是由and连接的并列句,第一句是被动语态,翻译时改为主动。“as”

表示“作为,当作”。短语“begin with”指“以…开头”。no more...than意为

“A与B都不…,不…也不”。alphabetical order“字母顺序”

【译文】新生的姓名按字母顺序印在学生名册上,我的正式姓名斯宾塞·丘吉尔是以字母“S”开头的,因此,无论按名字的字母顺序排序,还是按更大范围的姓氏字

母排列,我都处于不利位置。

(5)【解析】本句是由and连接的并列句。“as”表示“作为…”的意思。Leader of the House“下院议长”。tower原义为“高耸,超越”,此处描述的是他的职位身份,

因此引申为“仍处在高层”。forefront“最前列,最重要的位置”

【译文】当时是1887年,兰罗多夫·丘吉尔勋爵虽然刚刚辞去下院议长和财政大臣的职务,但仍属于政界最高层的人物。

Practice96

(1)The name Genghis Khan(成吉思汗)probably makes many people think of conquering warriors on horseback leaving burning cities and piles of dead bodies behind them.While there is no doubt that Genghis Khan was the leader of a highly efficient killing machine,there was much more to him than military skill.He was also a talented politician with excellent diplomatic abilities.

In the1160s,the tribes of the Central Asian Steppes were almost constantly at war with one another.In the middle of the chaos,one of the tribal leaders had a son named Temujin.When the boy was nine years old,his father was poisoned by enemies.The tribe then abandoned the family,leaving them to survive by eating rats and insects.

Despite his difficult childhood,Temujin grew up strong enough to claim his hereditary position as tribal leader.He became adept at forming alliances,as well as

fighting battles.By1206,all the Mongol tribes were ready to recognize him as supreme leader.They gave him the title Genghis Khan,which means“emperor of all emperors.”

Having united the tribes of Central Asia,Genghis Khan turned his attention elsewhere.His ambition was world conquest,and he advanced at an astonishing rate.He invaded northern China and captured Peking,but was unable to subdue the whole country.Instead,he turned westwards.By the time of his death in1227, he had created an empire that stretched from the Pacific coast to the Caspian Sea.

(2)The Mongols(蒙古人)were superb horsemen who won their victories with a technique of pretending to retreat,then launching a surprise attack.Their discipline and organization made them extremely effective fighters.They were expert archers and could maintain total control of their horses while keeping both hands free for fighting.

Genghis Khan’s armies were divided into tightly organized units which were directed by an efficient signaling system using black flags.(3)Their favorite tactic in open battle involved provoking an attack,and scattering as the enemy came forward.The Mongols would harass the enemy from the sides until the latter were exhausted,then close in for the kill.

(4)After capturing a city,Mongol armies would test the sincerity of the inhabitants’surrender.They would pretend to go away,leaving behind a small number of representatives.If these were killed,the Mongols would return to murder the entire population.They seldom took prisoners.

(5)Despite his ruthless methods,Genghis Khan was not an impulsive killer.

He avoided battle if diplomacy would work,and he was skilled at using spies to help achieve his aims.He also maintained the tradition of choosing leaders in a mass meeting,and people under his rule were able to advance by ability rather than noble birth.

For the citizens of modern-day Mongolia,Genghis Khan is a folk hero and a symbol of their emerging democracy.A main street in the capital of Ulan Bator has been named after him,and his image is on a banknote.He even has a brand of vodka named after him,not an unusual memorial for one of history’s greatest conquerors.Perhaps Genghis Khan would appreciate this more than his traditional reputation as a ruthless killer.

【解析及译文】

(1)【解析】leaving…behind them做结果状语,可单独译出。conquering warriors出征的战士。piles of sth.成堆的。

【译文】成吉思汗之名可能会使许多人想起征伐骁勇策马远离,在他身后只留下焚毁的城市与遍野堆积的尸骸。

(2)【解析】“who won their victories with a technique of...”作horsemen的定语从句。launch a surprise attack出奇制胜。

【译文】蒙古人骑术精湛,往往欲擒故纵,然后再出奇制胜。

(3)【解析】open battle在这里指在广阔的草原上发生的战争。harass骚扰,侵扰。

exausted精疲力尽的。close in包围。

【译文】他们在广漠战场上最喜欢使用的策略包括激怒敌方出击和在敌军向前冲锋时

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