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汉译英长句的翻译方法

汉译英翻译方法

汉译英三步骤: 1.理解原文 包括原文逐字逐句的理解、对原文整体思想、观点和态度的理解,也包括对原文句子之 间和各部分之间相互关系的理解。 2.英语表达 在正确理解原文的基础上进行的,不是一对一的死译,而是在理解原文的基础上用相应 的英语结构、词汇和表达习惯准确的表达原文的意思。 3.核对检查 认真阅读自己的译文,要用挑错的眼光来检查译文是否正确表达了原文的意思,是否有 漏译、错译,译文语法如时态、语态、单复数形式和拼写上是否有错误。 汉译英翻译技巧: 1.选择恰当的英语词汇 有些英语词汇不仅有字面意思,还有内含意思。 e.g.“国家”:country, nation, state, land 分别内涵:疆土、人民、政府、感情 有些英语词汇本身含有贬义或一些委婉的意思,运用时要特别注意。 e.g.“宣传”publicize, propaganda (带贬义) 汉译英选词原则: (1)选适合上下文的词汇 e.g.“观众”:audience,viewer, spectator 分别表示:听音乐会或看戏的观众、电视观众、看体育表演的观众 “条件”不同情况下应用不同的英语词表达: 工作条件:working condition 有利的条件:favorable situation 录取条件:admission requirement 付款条件:terms of payment 词汇选择首先要忠于原文的意思。 e.g.近年来由于就业问题日益严重,有些人建议让没有工作的未婚妇女来替换那些 家务繁重的女工。 “就业问题”:employment problem, unemployment problem(找不到工作就业已 成问题,即失业问题) “没有工作的妇女”: women without jobs, women hunting for jobs(没有工作又 需要找工作的妇女,不需找工作的并不包括在内) (2)要注意词的广义、狭义、具体的意思和抽象意思的不同 e.g. ①他讲的笑话逗得我们都笑了。 ②他讲的话使我们大家都笑了。 ①His joke made us laugh. ②What he said make us laugh. We all smile at what he said. (3)选词时不要望文生义,不要死译,要考虑与汉语对应的英语词汇真正的意思。 e.g.①他们的好奇心得到了满足。

句子翻译练习(汉译英)

一、翻译下列句子,注意选词: 1.人民现在为什么拥护我们?就是这十几年有发展。 2.由于全球气候变暖,海平面在一点点地上升。 3.改革开放也使民族精神获得了解放。 4.我们的企业应着重提高国际竞争力。 5.中国的现代化建设离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来。 6.湖区水位提高可能要危及竹子的生长。这意味着以竹子为食物的大熊猫也将 受到威胁。 参考译文: 1.Why do people support us? Because our economy has been developing. 2.The sea level is rising little by little in the consequence of global warming. 3.Reforms and the open policy have also emancipated the minds of the people. 4.We need to be enhancing international competitiveness. 5.China’s modernization is inseparable from her economic cooperation and trade ties with other nations. 6.Higher water levels in the lake area may endanger the growing of bamboos, which means giant pandas that feed on these plants will suffer, too. 二、物称与人称(翻译下列句子,注意运用物称表达法) 我想到希望,忽然害怕起来了。 他气得话也说不出来。 我一时想不起他的名字。 我疏忽了这个问题。 我兴奋得什么话都说不出来。 走过草地几步,我们就到了一个华丽的大酒店。 你只消仔细比较一下,就会发现不同。 一看到那棵大树,我便想起了童年的情景。 恕我孤陋寡闻,对此关系一无所知。 凭良心讲,你待我礼貌有加,我却受之有愧。 参考译文: The access of hope made me suddenly afraid. Anger choked his words. His name escaped me for the moment. This point slipped my attention. Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance. A few steps across the lawn brought me to a large, splendid hotel.

汉译英句子翻译原则

1. 主语的确定 ?主语的三种处理方法: ?①以原句主语作译文主语 ?直接法 ?②重新确定主语 ?间接法 ?③增补主语 ?添加法 ?①直接法 ?例句1:我们的房子是一百多年前制造的。 ?Our house was built over a hundred years ago. ?例句2:我是地球人。 ?I come from the earth. ?例句3:如果不恰当地处理,锅炉及机动车辆排出的废气就会造成城市空气污染。 ?Exhaust from boilers and vehicles, unless properly treated, causes air pollution in cities. ?例句4:如果说,词汇是语言的“建筑材料”,那么,句子便是文章的“基本部件”。 ?If vocabulary is the “building materials” for language, sentences are the “fundamental parts” of writing. ?例句5:中国有两点是靠得住的,一是讲原则,二是说话算数。 ?China can be counted on. Among other things, first, it upholds principles and second, it honors its words. ?例句6:人有失错,马有漏蹄。 ?As a horse may tumble, a man may make mistakes. ?非常简单

?文化差异 ?应用有限 ?②间接法 ?中英文表达的习惯不同 ?语言地道,句式多样 ?例句7:世纪之交,中国外交空前活跃。 ?译法1(直接法):At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities. ?译法2(间接法):The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena. ?例句8:1964年十月中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹,使世界大为震惊。 ?译法1:In October, 1964, China blasted its first atomic bomb, which shocked the rest of the world significantly. ?译法2:China’s first atomic blast in October, 1964 was a great shock to the rest of the world. ?例句9:胎又瘪了。 ?译法1:We’ve got another flat tire. ?译法2:Our tire is flat again. ?例句10:人不可貌相,海水不可斗量。 ?译法1:It is impossible to judge people from their appearance, and impossible to measure the ocean by pints. ?译法2:We cannot judge people from their appearance, just as we cannot measure the ocean by pints. ?回忆:海纳百川,有容乃大。 ?③增补法 ?推敲语境 ?考虑英语语法习惯和行文的需要。

高中汉译英句子翻译中英文99句

B5M1(句子翻译) 1.It_doesn’t_matter_whether you will attend the party or not. 你来不来参加派对并不重要。 2.Many students are hot on playing computer games, while Wang Chen likes playing Weiqi. 许多学生热衷于电脑游戏,而王琛却喜欢下围棋。 .They have a lot in common and get along well with each other. 3.他们有很多相同之处,相处得很融洽。 .They are twin sisters, yet they have_little_in_common in their hobbies. 4.她们是孪生姐妹,但是她们的业余爱好几乎没有相同之处。 .In_common_with other companies, they advertise widely as well. 5.和其他公司一样,他们也广泛地做广告。 .One false step will make a great difference. 6.失之毫厘,谬以千里。 .The twins look so similar that you can hardly tell_the_difference_between them. 7.这对双胞胎看起来太像了,你简直无法把他们区分开来。 .It might be obvious to you, but it isn’t to me. 8.这对你来说也许很容易理解,但对我却并非如此。 .It_is_obvious_that the two Englishes have much in common. 9.很显然,这两种英语有很多共同之处。 .Obviously (obvious), American spelling is simpler than British spelling. 10很显然,美式拼写要比英式拼写简单。 .Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news gets around quickly. 11.好事不出门,坏事传千里。 .It’s time I got down to some serious work. 12.我该认真干点正事了。 .I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldn’t get through. 13.昨天我试着给你打过几次电话,但是没有打通。 .A man in confusion (confuse) cannot focus on the required work. 14.思绪混乱的人不可能集中精力做他被要求做的工作。 ③The confused look on his face suggested that he was confused about the confusing questions asked

汉译英句子翻译原则

汉译英 句子的翻译专题 1. 主语的确定 ?主语的三种处理方法: ?①以原句主语作译文主语 ?直接法 ?②重新确定主语 ?间接法 ?③增补主语 ?添加法 ?①直接法 ?例句1:我们的房子是一百多年前制造的。 ?Our house was built over a hundred years ago. ?例句2:我是地球人。 ?I come from the earth. ?例句3:如果不恰当地处理,锅炉及机动车辆排出的废气就会造成城市空气污染。 ?Exhaust from boilers and vehicles, unless properly treated, causes air pollution in cities. ?例句4:如果说,词汇是语言的“建筑材料”,那么,句子便是文章的“基本部件”。 ?If vocabulary is the “building materials”for language, sentences are the “fundamental parts”of writing. ?例句5:中国有两点是靠得住的,一是讲原则,二是说话算数。 ?China can be counted on. Among other things, first, it upholds principles and second, it honors its words. ?例句6:人有失错,马有漏蹄。 ?As a horse may tumble, a man may make mistakes. ?非常简单

?文化差异 ?应用有限 ?②间接法 ?中英文表达的习惯不同 ?语言地道,句式多样 ?例句7:世纪之交,中国外交空前活跃。 ?译法1(直接法):At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities. ?译法2(间接法):The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena. ?例句8:1964年十月中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹,使世界大为震惊。 ?译法1:In October, 1964, China blasted its first atomic bomb, which shocked the rest of the world significantly. ?译法2:China’s first atomic blast in October, 1964 was a great shock to the rest of the world. ?例句9:胎又瘪了。 ?译法1:We’ve got another flat tire. ?译法2:Our tire is flat again. ?例句10:人不可貌相,海水不可斗量。 ?译法1:It is impossible to judge people from their appearance, and impossible to measure the ocean by pints. ?译法2:We cannot judge people from their appearance, just as we cannot measure the ocean by pints. ?回忆:海纳百川,有容乃大。 ?③增补法

(完整版)英语中长句的翻译

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汉译英句子翻译练习

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句子大全之汉译英句子翻译常见问题解析

汉译英句子翻译常见问题解析 摘要:在英语学习过程中,句子的翻译一直都是学习者关注的 焦点问题。本文就英语的汉译英句子翻译中常见的、学习者容易犯 错的问题,比如词汇、句子结构、母语负迁移等进行归纳,有针对 性地给出例子,作出详细的分析与讲解。 关键词:汉译英句子翻译常见问题 学习任何一门外语,它的句子翻译总是处于关键的地位。对这 种情况,广大的英语教师都在探寻相对理想的解决途径。笔者根据 自己的教学经验,从考试及练习中抽取大学生英语句子翻译的例子,进行仔细分析,试着以目前学生英语句子翻译中存在的常见问题为 突破口,探索造成这些问题的原因,并且尝试总结解决这些问题的 途径,希望对学生句子翻译水平的提高起到促进作用。 1.词汇问题 词汇是学习及翻译任何一门外语的首要基础,要清楚明白地翻 译出原来句子的意思就必须有足够的词汇量作为基础。词汇量越大,翻译出来的句子就能够更加接近原句的意思。当然,在词汇量充足 的情况下,翻译出来的句子质量更高。我国的考试模式,客观题较多,主观题较少,使得教学侧重点倾向于为考试拿高分服务,在没 有本土语言环境的条件下,很多学生对所学词汇大都只是停留在认 得的阶段,就是看见一个单词能够想起它的意思,但是不能牢固掌 握单词的用法,出现以下问题。 1.1 词性拼写错误及词性误用问题 词性是任何阶段学习英语的重点,辨清词性对正确运用语言大 有帮助。一些学生在翻译句子的过程中,常常不注意分析词性或对 词的用法不明确,表现为:介词当动词用;形容词当副词用;名词 当动词用,等等。 例1:圣诞节期间,人们过得很愉快①。 during chrismas, people are happiness②. 分析:译文中的chrismas很显然是拼写错误,应该改为,christmas,且译文中的happiness明显是名词误用为形容词。当然,译文中还存在介词的不规范使用的问题。译文应该修正为:at christmas, people are happy. 1.2措词问题

中译英翻译技巧

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重点高中汉译英句子翻译中英文99句

重点高中汉译英句子翻译中英文99句

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B5M1(句子翻译) 1.It_doesn’t_matter_whether you will attend the party or not. 你来不来参加派对并不重要。 2.Many students are hot on playing computer games, while Wang Chen likes playing Weiqi. 许多学生热衷于电脑游戏,而王琛却喜欢下围棋。 .They have a lot in common and get along well with each other. 3.他们有很多相同之处,相处得很融洽。 .They are twin sisters, yet they have_little_in_common in their hobbies. 4.她们是孪生姐妹,但是她们的业余爱好几乎没有相同之处。 .In_common_with other companies, they advertise widely as well. 5.和其他公司一样,他们也广泛地做广告。 .One false step will make a great difference. 6.失之毫厘,谬以千里。 .The twins look so similar that you can hardly tell_the_difference_between them. 7.这对双胞胎看起来太像了,你简直无法把他们区分开来。 .It might be obvious to you, but it isn’t to me. 8.这对你来说也许很容易理解,但对我却并非如此。 .It_is_obvious_that the two Englishes have much in common. 9.很显然,这两种英语有很多共同之处。 .Obviously (obvious), American spelling is simpler than British spelling. 10很显然,美式拼写要比英式拼写简单。 .Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news gets around quickly. 11.好事不出门,坏事传千里。 .It’s time I got down to some serious work. 12.我该认真干点正事了。 .I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldn’t get through. 13.昨天我试着给你打过几次电话,但是没有打通。 .A man in confusion (confuse) cannot focus on the required work. 14.思绪混乱的人不可能集中精力做他被要求做的工作。 ③The confused look on his face suggested that he was confused about the confusing questions asked by his parents.(confuse) 15.他脸上迷惑的表情表明他对父母问的那些令人迷惑的问题感到困惑。 They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused, standing there in confusion, not knowing what to do.

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英语句子乍看错综复杂,千变万化,短句短到只一个字,长句长达几行。例如美国诗人Robert Frost的《The Silken Tent》全诗十四行,仅是一句话。其实仔细分析,英语句子就是如下五种基本句型的扩展与缩小。 (1)S + V (主语+ 谓语) e.g. Good record will help. (2)S + V + P (主语+ 谓语+ 表语) e.g. I am a student. (3)S + V + O (主语+ 谓语+ 宾语) e.g. Practice needs great effort. (4)S + V + O + O(主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语) e.g. She gave me some books. (5)S + V + O + OC(主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾补) e.g. That news made her happy. 我们要牢牢掌握这五个基本句型,这是基本功之基本功。动笔之前,仔细阅读原句,确切理解原句内容,抓住全句中心,搞清楚各个部分之间的关系。然后把句子缩小了再缩小,缩小到只剩下以上五个基本句型中的主要成分。先心译,再笔译。在心译过程中,从基本句型开始,一步步扩大句子,添加修饰成分,直至完整,再笔译。 例1:“就在文戈获释之前,他给妻子写了一封信,问她是否愿意让他回去。” 第一步把句子缩小到只剩主要成分,但句子仍然通顺。 “文戈写了一封信。”Vingo wrote a letter. 第二步增加修饰成分,扩大句子。 “文戈给妻子写了一封信。”Vingo wrote a letter to his wife. 第三步再扩大句子。 “就在文戈获释之前,他给妻子写了一封信。”Just before he was released from jail, Vingo wrote a letter to his wife. 第四步再扩大句子,直至完整,最后笔译。 “就在文戈获释之前,他给妻子写了一封信,问她是否愿意让他回去。”Just before he was released from jail, Vingo wrote a letter to his wife asking if she would have him back. 例2:“体育代表团团长在少先队员向他献上一束鲜花时愉快地笑了。”思维方法同上。(1)The head of the delegation beamed. (2)The head of the sports delegation beamed. (3)The head of the sports delegation beamed with delight. (4)The head of the sports delegation beamed with delight when a young pioneer presented him with a bunch of flowers. 例3:“老人读完后失望之极,竟用颤抖的手指把它撕得粉碎。” (1)The old man was disappointed. (2)After reading the letter, the old man was disappointed. (3)After reading the letter, the old man was so disappointed that he tore it into little bits. (4)After reading the letter, the old man was so disappointed that he tore it into little bits with his trembling fingers. 例4:“在讨论这个问题之前,我要给你们读点东西。” (1)I’ll read you something. (2)Before the question is discussed, I’ll read you something.

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