八年级下英语学案
八年级下英语学案
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the
city parks.
Name:___________
Class:____________
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city park s.
Section A 1 (1a-2d)
学情分析
一、教学目标：
1) 能掌握以下单词：clean up, city, cheer, cheer up, give out, volunteer, notice, used to, lonely,
能掌握以下句型：
① You could help to clean up the city parks.
② We should listen to them and care for them.
2) 能了解以下语法：
情态动词could, should的用法；用should或could提出建议并对别人的建议作出评价。如何表达主动提供帮助。
二、教学重难点
1. 教学重点：
1) 掌握这些短语动词的构成和用法：clean up, city, cheer, cheer up, give out,
volunteer, notice, used to, lonely
2) 学会提供帮助的基本句型：
I’d like to work outside.
I’ll help clean the city park.
You could give out food at a food bank.
2. 教学难点：
学会提供帮助的基本句型
New words
1. city n.城市
e.g. The library is in the north of the city. 图书馆在城市的北部。
2. notice n.公告牌；通告；布告
e.g. Please read the list on the notice board. 请读公告板上的名单。
3. sign n.标志；信号
e.g. Look around, we could see no sign of life.
环顾四围，我们看不出一点生命的迹象。
4. volunteer v.义务劳动，自愿做volunteer to do sth. 义务自愿做某事
e.g. Many people volunteer to work on the farm. 很多人志愿到农场去工作。
5. clean up 打扫；清除
e.g. The students take turns to clean up their classroom. 学生们轮流打扫教室。
6. give out 分发；散发
e.g. Please help me give out these test papers. 请帮我将这些试卷发下去。
7. cheer v.欢呼; 喝彩
e.g. Cheer up. The news isn’t too bad. 振作起来，消息还不算太坏。
8. lonely adj.孤独的；寂寞的
e.g. I don’t feel lonely because I made new friends here.
我不觉得孤独因为我交了新朋友。
9. used to 曾经，过去
e.g. Jack used to be short, but now he’s tall. 杰克过去很矮，但现在高了。Language points
1. They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事；表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作或状态，暗指现在已经不存在。used无人称和时态的变化。
e.g. I used to go to the Youth Center. But I have no time now.
我过去经常去青少年中心，但现在我没有时间了。
Grandparents used to tell us stories when we were very young.
在我们小时候祖父母常给我们讲故事听。
2. Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely.
lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的指精神上感觉孤独、寂寞。
e.g. The old man feels lonely, so he raises a dog.
那名老人觉得很孤独，因此他养了一只狗。
3. We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean-up Day.
need 用作实义动词，有“必要”、“必需”之意，有人称、数和时态的变化，可以接名词、代词、动名词或带to 的动词不定式作宾语。
e.g. The man needs an English dictionary when he works.
这个人在工作时需要一本英语词典。
Do you need to see him yourself?
你必需亲自见他吗？
4. clean up 意为“打扫；清理”。但如果在clean 和up间加个连字符号, 它就是名词了, 意为“扫除”。
e.g. You must give your classroom a good clean-up.你必须对教室进行彻底地打扫。
come up with 提出（观点，看法）。
e.g. He’s come up with a great idea. 他想出了一个绝好的办法。
I came up with a better plan than that. 我提供了一个比那还好的计划。
Exercises
Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks.
1. He helps ____ the classroom.
A. cleans up
B. cleaning up
C. clean up
2. I took her to the concert to ____.
A. cheer up her
B. cheer her up
C. cheer she up
3. Let’s help ___ food at the food bank.
A. to give out
B. give up
C. giving out
Ⅱ. Complete the sentences.
1. You’d better _____ ___ ____ (想出) a better plan.
2. Who will ________ ___ ______ (自愿回答) this question?
3. You could put up a ______ (布告) here.
4. With no one to talk to. He _____ very ______ ( 感觉很孤独).
5. The life _____ ___ ___ (曾经是) very interesting in my school days.
教后反思
Section A 2 (3a-3c)
学情分析
一、教学目标：
1) 学习掌握下列词汇：several, feeling, satisfaction, joy, owner, journey
2）阅读短文，能按要求找到相应的信息。
3）通过阅读提高学生们的阅读能力。
4) 了解世界各地的学生们都进行哪些志愿活动。
二、教学重难点
1. 教学重点：
1) 掌握本部分出现的生词和词组，达到熟练运用的目标。
2) 阅读短文，获得相关的信息。通过阅读练习，来提高阅读能力。
2. 教学难点：
1) 阅读短文，获得相关的信息的能力。
2) 理解并运用所学的词汇及表达方式。
1. Write down the phrases.
1. 打扫________
2. 分发________
3. 曾经_______
4. （使）变得高兴________
5. 义务做某事_________________
6. 大打扫日______________
7. 想出主意（办法）____________
New words
1. several pron. adj. (=some) 几个；数个；一些
e.g. There are several ways to find an apartment. 找房子有几种方式。
2. feeling n.感触；感觉；感情；feel (v.) + ing feeling
e.g. He had to lower his voice to control his feeling.
他不得不压低声音来控制自己的感情。
3. satisfaction n. 满足；满意
e.g. Looking at a beautiful painting always gives one satisfaction.
观看一幅美丽的图画总会使人心满意足。
4. joy n. 高兴；愉快
e.g. It’s difficult to describe my joy in words.
难以用语言来描述我的快乐。
5. owner n. 物主；主人
e.g. They decided to give the cat back to the owner.
他们决定将猫归还它的主人。
6. journey n. 旅行；旅程
e.g. A thousand-li journey begins with the first step.
千里之行始于足下。
1. Mario would like _____ an animal doctor.
2. Mario works for an animal hospital because he wants ________ about how
_______ for animals.
3. Mary decided ________ for a job at an after-school reading program last year.
She still works there now _______ kids learn to read.
4. Mary has a dream job because she can do what she loves ____________.
Language points
1. Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others.
from River High School 为介词短语作后置修饰语，翻译时应提前。
to help others 作目的状语。是“每周拿出几个小时”的目的。
2. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.
马里奥相信这会帮助他获得他的梦想职业。
help sb (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事；
help后的不定式符号to，可以省略。
e.g. Mike called on his sister to help him look for his lost keys.
迈克叫上他妹妹帮助他找钥匙。
3. …but I want to learn more about how to care for animals.
但是我想学习更多关于如何照顾动物的事。
want to do sth. 想要做某事。to 不定式做want的宾语。
e.g. Grandpa wanted to lend us some money to buy a new car.
爷爷想借给我们钱去买一辆新车。
how to care for animals 是复合不定式结构，作介词about宾语。相当于：特殊疑问词+ to 不定式，构成复合不定式结构。(how he could care for animals).
e.g. They don’t know where to build the new house.
=They don’t know where they can build the new house.
他们不知道在哪里可以建新房。
4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
她决定去参加一个志愿者课外阅读选拔活动。
decide to do sth. 决定去做某事；to不定式做宾语。
e.g. He decided to get married. 他决定结婚。
5. She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read.
她仍旧在那里一周工作一次来帮助孩子们阅读。
to help kids learn to read 不定式短语作目的状语；[来源:学。科。网Z。X。X。K]
learn to read 是help的宾语。
6. I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.
我可以做我所喜欢的事情，同时还可以帮助他人。
从句what I love to do 在句子中作do的宾语。
Exercises
Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks using the words in the box.
several, feeling, owner, journey, satisfaction
1. I only want to sleep for _______ minutes.
2. The _______from London to Oxford takes about an hour and a half.
3. The next morning, the _____ of the house prepared the breakfast for us.
4. He looked at his work with a smile of ________________.
5. She enjoys the ________ of freedom.
Ⅱ. Complete the sentences.
1. My brother wants _______ (be) a pilot.
2. You’ll never learn ________ (ride) a bike if you don’t practice.
3. Mike taught his grandpa how________ (use) the computer.
4. Mr. Smith helped the young man _______ (find) a job.
5. The students decided ________ (work) out the problem by themselves.
6. He volunteers ________ (work) on the farm.
教后反思
Section A 3 (Grammar focus-4c)
学情分析
一、教学目标：
1) 学习掌握下列词汇：sign, sick, raise, alone
2）进行一步复习巩固学习Section A 部分所学的生词和词组。
3）对动词不定式的用法进行归纳总结，掌握其规则。
4) 通过不同方式的练习，来熟练运用本单元出现的词组及动词不定式。
二、教学重难点
1. 教学重点：
1) 复习巩固Section A 部分所学的生词和词组，达到熟练运用的目标。
2) 掌握和运用动词不定式的用法。
2. 教学难点：
1) 掌握学过的后面跟不定式做宾语的动词。
2) 掌握动词不定式作不同的句子成份。
Complete the sentences.
Mario and Mary ____ ___ several hours each week __ ____ others. Mario wants __ ___ an animal doctor. He _________ at an animal hospital. He wants __ _____ more about ____ __ care for animals.
Mary is a book lover. She could read by herself __ ___ ____ of four. Last year, she decided __ ___ ___ for a volunteer after-school _______ program. Mary still works there once a week __ ____ kids _____ __ read. Volunteering here is a dream come true for her. She can what she _____ ___ ___and helps others at the same time. Can you tell something about Mary to us?
Grammar focus
1. 阅读Grammar Focus中的句子，然后做填空练习。
①我想去帮助无家可归的人。
I’d ____ ___ ______ homeless people.
②你可以请求医院允许你探访儿童并让他们变得更高兴。
You could _____ hospital ___ ____ you visit the kids and cheer them up.
③他自愿一周去那里一次去帮助孩子们学习读书She ________ there once a
week ____ ______ kids learn to read.
④他决定参加一个志愿者课后阅读节目的选拔。
She _______ ______ try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
⑤马里奥相信这会帮助他获得他的梦想工作。
Mario believes it can help him _____ _____ his future dream job.
⑥我正在制作一些告示，并将它们张贴于学校里。
I’m making some sings _____ _____ _____ around the school.
动词不定式用法小结：
1. 做动词宾语。常见动词有would like, want, help, learn, hope, decide, volunteer。
e.g. We don’t want to spent too much money.我们不想花费太多钱。
2. 作宾语补足语。常见动词有ask, want, tell, invite, like, hate。
e.g. Mr. Li asked the students to copy the text. 李老师让学生们抄写课文。
3. 作目的状语。
e.g. Jack turned his head around to look at people. 杰克转过头看向人群。[来源:学科网]
4. 作后置定语。
e.g. Claire missed a great chance to make a lot of money.
克莱尔错过了一个赚大钱的机会。
5 . 动词help及一些役使动词后面常省略to。
e.g. My mother wouldn’t let me go to the movie.妈妈不会让我去看电影的。
Exercise:
Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks.
1. He made me __ (tell) him all the things.
2. Please remember ______ (water) the plants while I’m away.
3. Let’s (watch) a talk show.
4. What can you expect (learn) from the news?
5. My parents want me _____ (be) a doctor.
6. I’d like _______ (watch) cartoons at home.
Ⅱ. Complete the sentences.
1. Who will _______________ (自愿读) these words for us?
2. The girl often _____ her mother ______ the dishes (帮妈妈洗餐具) on weekends.
3. We ______her ________ (邀请来) to our party.
4. The old man had ______________ (无事可做) every day.
New words
Look at the big screen and learn the new words and expressions:
1. sick adj. 生病的；有病的；
e.g. The boy felt sick before the test. 考试前他生病了
辨析：sick 与ill
sick 可作定语修饰名词，而ill只能做表语。
e.g. The mother cared for the sick girl day and night.
妈妈日夜照料着生病的女孩。
Jane was ill yesterday, she didn’t go to school.
昨天简生病了，她没去上学。
2. raise v. 募集；征集
e.g. They sold something to raise money. 他们卖掉一些东西来募集钱。
3. alone adj. adv. 独自；单独
e.g. I don’t like to go out alone at night.我不喜欢晚上独自一人外出。
辨析：lonely 与alone
lonely 情感上的孤独，寂寞。
alone 独自一人（单不定感觉寂寞）。
e.g. Linda was alone in the house. 琳达独自一人呆在房子里。
She lives alone and often feels lonely. 她孑然一身，常感到寂寞。
Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs 1.____ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what 2. ____ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do 3. _____ others.
There are many people who are less lucky than us. Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way 4. ______ our free time. For example, we can make plans 5.________ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year 6.
________ to another country, like one of the countries in Africa, and help people there.
Complete the sentences with your own ideas. Use infinitives.
(最后，让几名学生说自己的句子，并纠正有错误的地方）
1. I’d like to volunteer _____________________________________________
2. At 12: a.m., I called my friend ____________________________________
3. I’m very busy but I could help __________________________________
4. Summer vacation is coming. and I want __________________________
5. I want to travel alone. My parents told me (not) ___________________
教后反思
Section B 1 (1a-2e)
学情分析
一、教学目标：
1) 能掌握以下单词：repair, fix, give away, wheel, letter, miss, set up, make a difference, blind, deaf, imagine, difficulty, open, door, carry, train, excited, training, kindness, clever, understand, change, disabled
2) 能掌握以下句型：
① I’d like to thank you for giving money to Animal Helpers.
② I’m sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me.
③ You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
④ Lucky makes a difference to my life.
⑤ I’m only able to have a “dog-helper” because your kindness.
二、教学重难点
1. 教学重点：
1) 掌握本课时出现的生词及用法。
2) 进行听力训练，提高综合听说能力。
3）阅读短文，获得相关信息，提高学生们的综合阅读能力。
2. 教学难点
1. 听力训练
2. 阅读2b部分的短文并完成相关要求。
1) repair v.修理；修补2) fix v. 安装；使固定
3) give away 赠送；捐赠4) wheel n. 车轮；轮子
Language points
set up 建起；设立
e.g. Let’s set up our tent by the river.
我们在河边搭建帐篷吧。
disabled adj. 丧失能力的；有残疾的
dis (否定前缀) able (能够) disabled
e.g. He was disabled in the accident.
他在事故中残疾了。
2) Lucky makes a big difference to my life.
make a diff erence 影响；有作用
e.g. It would make a big difference to my life. 这会对我的生活产生很大影响。
3) What would it be like to be blind or deaf?
blind adj. 瞎的；失明的deaf adj. 聋的
e.g. Deaf people can’t hear, and blind people can’t see.
聋人听不见，失明的人看不见。
4) Or imagine you can’t walk or use your hands easily.
imagine v. n.想象；设想
e.g. You don’t imagine it is true.
你别想象那是真的。
5) …b ut many people have these difficulties.
difficulty n. 困难；难题
difficult adj. 困难的difficulty n.
e.g. When you’re in difficulty, ask me for difficulty.
当你遇到困难时，向我求助。
6) …opening and closing doors,…
open v. 打开；开
e.g. Open the door, please. 请开门。
7) Helpers about getting me a special trained dog.
train v. 训练；培训
train v. training n. 训练；培训
e.g. I’m training myself for a race.
我正在为赛跑作训练。
Very hard training is necessary.
刻苦训练很必要。
8) I love animals and I was excited about the idea of having a dog.
excited adj. 激动的；兴奋的
辨析：exciting 与excited
exciting 意为“另人兴奋的”，常用于修饰事物；
excited 意为“激动的”，人作主语。
e.g. The boy was too excited to go to sleep. 小男孩太兴奋了，以至于不能入睡。
I have some exciting news for you. 我告诉你一些另人兴奋的消息。
9) Lucky is very clever and understands many English words.
clever adj. 聪明的
e.g. It was clever of him to find the way here.
他能找到这儿来真是聪明。
understand v. 理解；领会(understood)
e.g. This grammar is easy to understand.
这本语法书很容易理解。
10) Thank you again for changing my life.
change v. 变化；改变
e.g. How did it change his life？
它如何改变他的生活？
1. Now look at the list of words below. Circl e the part of the speech of each word and make your own sentences with these words.
1) group (adj. / n.)
___________________________________
2) disabled (adj. / adv.)
__________________________________
3) difference (adv. / n.)
___________________________________
4) imagine (v. / n. )
__________________________________
5) difficulties (n. / adj. )
_________________________________
6) normal (adv. / adj.)
__________________________________
7). training (adv. / n. )
__________________________________
8) kindness (n. / v. )
__________________________________ 教后反思
Section B 2 (3a-Self check)
学情分析
一、教学目标：
1) 复习动词不定式的不同用法。掌握生词strong, sir, madam。
2) 能够用英语表述常见的志愿活动，并就自己喜欢的志愿活动发表看法。
3) 能用本单元所学的语言简单表达对自己所喜欢的志愿活动的一些看法。
二、教学重难点
1. 教学重点：
1) 能运用所学的语言知识来简单地表达自己想做什么样的志愿活动。
2) 总结本单元学到的重点词组及句型。
3) 复习总结动词不定式的用法，并能完成相关练习题。
2. 教学难点：
运用所学的语言知识来写一封简短的信，表达自己想做什么样的志愿活动，以及做些活动的原因及自己的一些想法。
Fill in the blanks with the proper words.
Ben Smith is a ___________ man. He has many __________ in his life. He can’t _____ his _____ or legs well. Some normal things like answering the telephone, ________ and closing the doors, or ________ things are difficult for him. But “Lucky”, the dog-helper, makes ________ to his life. Lucky is a fantastic dog. It’s very ______ and __________ many English words. It can understand him when he gives him order.
Check the answers with the Ss.
教后反思