新高考高三英语复习讲义(七)书面表达 “概要写作”对应翻译题训练(D)

2020届新高考高三英语复习讲义（七）

书面表达“概要写作”对应翻译题训练（D）关于高考概要写作的指导与训练，我要求学生根据原文所划要点并结合原文理解，用中文概括出段落大意，然后用一句话翻译出来。说得简要一点，高考概要写作体现学生的中译英水平。所以，如果学生能理解原文，抓住原文要点并能用中文概括出大意，那么，问题的关键就是如何提升学生的翻译能力。

一、翻译原题

空气污染 air pollution

随着世界人口越来越多，空气污染已经成了严重的问题。空气污染主要来源于四个不同领域：工业、能源业、交通运输业以及农业。经营工厂，为火车、飞机和公共汽车提供动力(power)都需要能源。几乎所有这些能源都是通过燃烧燃料产生的，这就会造成空气污染。科学家们正在研究对环境破坏较少的新的发电方法。同时，政府开始意识到环保的重要性并采取相应的措施。

As the world population explodes, air pollution has become a severe problem. Air pollution mainly comes from four different fields: industry, energy, transportation and agriculture. Energy is needed to run factories and provide power for trains, planes and buses. Nearly all the energy is produced by burning fuels, which will result in air pollution. Scientists are studying new ways of producing electricity that can be less damaging to the environment. Meanwhile,

the government has come to realize the importance of environmental protection and take appropriate measures.

二、单句翻译

① 随着世界人口越来越多，空气污染已经成了严重的问题。

As the world population explodes, air pollution has become a severe problem.

② 空气污染主要来源于四个不同领域：工业、能源业、交通运输业以及农业。

Air pollution mainly comes from four different fields: industry, energy, transportation and agriculture.

③ 经营工厂、为火车、飞机和公共汽车提供动力(power)都需要能源。

Energy is needed to run factories and provide power for trains, planes and buses.

④ 几乎所有这些能源都是通过燃烧燃料产生的，这就会造成空气污染。

Nearly all the energy is produced by burning fuels, which will result in air pollution.

⑤科学家们正在研究对环境破坏较少的新的发电方法。

Scientists are studying new ways of producing electricity that can be less damaging to the environment.

⑥ 同时，政府开始意识到环保的重要性并采取相应的措施。

Meanwhile, the government has come to realize the importance of environmental protection and take appropriate measures.

三、你可以学到

1. as"随着"，作连词，连接时间状语从句；with 作介词的用法比较

As the world population rockets (up)/booms/explodes, air pollution has become a severe problem.

With the boom of the world population...

With the explosion of the world population, ...

2. rocket, boom, explode 同义替换词"增加，增长"

rocket vi. (价格)猛涨，飙升;（社会问题）急剧增多

Fresh food is so scarce that prices have rocketed.

新鲜食物非常匮乏，导致价格猛涨。

Unemployment has rocketed up again.

失业人数再次猛增。

The total has rocketed from 100 to 500.

总数从100猛增到500。

boom v&n (数量的)激增; 成功

With the economy boom in China, ecological environment is facing great pressure.

随着经济的快速发展，生态环境面临着巨大的压力。

Experts worry in particular about the population boom in Africa.

专家尤其担心非洲的人口激增问题。

explode vi. 突增；激增

the exploding world population

迅猛增长的世界人口

The population explodes to 40,000 during the tourist season.

旅游季节，人口激增至4万。

a population explosion

人口激增

an explosion of interest in learning Japanese

学习日语的兴趣陡然上升

3.名词作定语用法: 说明中心名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等。air pollution--空气污染

world population--世界人口

health problems--健康问题

coffee cups--咖啡杯

morning exercise--早操

a sports meet--运动会

stone bridge--石桥

women teachers--女教师

telephone number--电话号码

weather forecast--天气预报

paper tigers--纸老虎

welcome speech--欢迎辞

a history teacher--历史老师

boy friend--男朋友

blood pressure--血压

4. be harmful to...

be damaging to...

adj. 对...造成破坏的；有害的；损害的

cause damage to...

have a bad effect on sb/sth

damaging consequences/effects

破坏性的后果 / 影响

Lead is potentially damaging to children's health.

铅对儿童的健康具有潜在损害。

Unfavourable weather has had damaging effects on this year's harvest

恶劣天气使今年的收成受到了损失。

5. provide sb with sth

=provide sth for sb 为某人提供...

The hospital has a commitment to provide the best possible medical care. 这家医院承诺要提供最好的医疗服务。

We are here to provide a service for the public.

我们来这里是为公众服务。

It will provide us with a platform where problems can be discussed.

它将给我们提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。

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