英文翻译资料：各种工具
各种工具toolbox 工具箱
bench 工作台
vice, clamp 虎钳(美作:vise)
saw 锯
bow saw 弓锯
circular saw 圆锯(美作:buzzsaw) compass saw, scroll saw 钢丝锯fretsaw 细锯
handsaw 手锯
chisel 口凿
cold chisel, burin 冰凿
gouge, firmer gouge 半圆凿
plane 刨子
moulding plane 型刨
jack plane 粗刨
rabbet plane 槽刨
drawknife 刮刀
scraper 三角刮刀
rasp 粗锉
file 锉
square 尺
miter 斜槽规
scriber 近线尺
set square, triangle 三角板brace 手拉曲柄锉
hand drill 手钻
drill, bit 钻,有柄钻
gimlet, auger 钻,无柄钻countersink 锥口钻
gauge, marking gauge 量规hammer 锤
mallet 木槌
nail 钉
brad 平头钉
tack, stud 圆头钉
screw 螺丝钉
screwdriver 螺丝刀,改锥screw tap 螺丝攻
nail puller 拔钉器
ruler 尺
tape measure 卷尺
folding ruler 折尺sandpaper, emery paper 砂纸
toolbox 工具箱
bench 工作台
vice, clamp 虎钳(美作:vise)
saw 锯
bow saw 弓锯
circular saw 圆锯(美作:buzzsaw) compass saw, scroll saw 钢丝锯fretsaw 细锯
handsaw 手锯
chisel 口凿
cold chisel, burin 冰凿
gouge, firmer gouge 半圆凿plane 刨子
moulding plane 型刨
jack plane 粗刨
rabbet plane 槽刨
drawknife 刮刀
scraper 三角刮刀
rasp 粗锉
file 锉
square 尺
miter 斜槽规
翻译资料英语
FINANCIAL INNOV ATION Like other industries, the financial industry is in business to earn profits by selling its products. If a soap company perceives that there is a need in the marketplace for a laundry detergent with fabric softener, it develops a product to fit the need .Similarly, in order to maximize their profits, financial institutions develop new products to satisfy their own needs as well as those of their customers; in other words, innovation-which can be extremely beneficial to the economy-is driven by the desire to get (or stay) rich. This view of the innovation process leads to the following simple analysis: A chance in the financial institutions for innovations that are likely to be profitable. Starting in the 1960s, individuals and financial institutions operating in financial markets were confronted with drastic changes in the economic environment: Inflation and interest rates climbed sharply and became hard to predict, a situation that changed demand conditions in financial markets. Computer technology advanced rapidly, which changed supply conditions. In addition, financial regulations became especially inconvenient. Banking institution discovers many old ways of doing business being able to not have earned money again; they provide the masses finance with service and financial products sale neither well. Many financial intermediary is discovered they have no way to raise having arrived at a fund, but these self that will not a suspense of business right away with original tradition finance implement. For existing under new economy environment, research and development puts up banking institution be obliged to being able to satisfy customer need moreover the new product being able to gain a profit of and serving, this process is called financial engineering. In their case, necessity was the mother of innovation. Our discussion of why financial innovation occurs suggests that there are three basic types of financial innovations: Escapism to responding to needing condition change, to the small advantages supplying with condition change and to controlling. We have had one now understandable that banking institution is innovative for instance the cause institutions, let’s look at examples of how financial institutions in their search for profits have produced financial innovations of the three basic types. 1
spss软件的菜单及所有单词中英文翻译大全
SPSS 统计软件的主菜单及子菜单
spss软件的中英文翻译 Absolute deviation, 绝对离差 Absolute number, 绝对数 Absolute residuals, 绝对残差 Acceleration array, 加速度立体阵 Acceleration in an arbitrary direction, 任意方向上的加速度Acceleration normal, 法向加速度 Acceleration space dimension, 加速度空间的维数Acceleration tangential, 切向加速度 Acceleration vector, 加速度向量 Acceptable hypothesis, 可接受假设 Accumulation, 累积 Accuracy, 准确度 Actual frequency, 实际频数 Adaptive estimator, 自适应估计量 Addition, 相加 Addition theorem, 加法定理 Additivity, 可加性 Adjusted rate, 调整率 Adjusted value, 校正值 Admissible error, 容许误差 Aggregation, 聚集性 Alternative hypothesis, 备择假设 Among groups, 组间 Amounts, 总量 Analysis of correlation, 相关分析 Analysis of covariance, 协方差分析 Analysis of regression, 回归分析 Analysis of time series, 时间序列分析 Analysis of variance, 方差分析 Angular transformation, 角转换 ANOVA （analysis of variance）, 方差分析 ANOVA Models, 方差分析模型 Arcing, 弧/弧旋 Arcsine transformation, 反正弦变换 Area under the curve, 曲线面积 AREG , 评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差ARIMA, 季节和非季节性单变量模型的极大似然估计 Arithmetic grid paper, 算术格纸 Arithmetic mean, 算术平均数
工具英语
工具英语 toolbox 工具箱 bench 工作台 vice, clamp 虎钳(美作:vise) saw 锯 bow saw 弓锯 circular saw 圆锯(美作:buzz saw) compass saw, scroll saw 钢丝锯fretsaw 细锯 handsaw 手锯 chisel 口凿 cold chisel, burin 冰凿 gouge, firmer gouge 半圆凿 plane 刨子 mounding plane 型刨 jack plane 粗刨 rabbet plane 槽刨 drawknife 刮刀 scraper 三角刮刀 rasp 粗锉 file 锉 square 尺 miter 斜槽规 scriber 近线尺 set square, triangle 三角板 brace 手拉曲柄锉 hand drill 手钻 drill, bit 钻,有柄钻 gimlet, auger 钻,无柄钻countersink 锥口钻 gauge, marking gauge 量规hammer 锤 mallet 木槌 nail 钉 brad 平头钉 tack, stud 圆头钉 screw 螺丝钉 screwdriver 螺丝刀,改锥 screw tap 螺丝攻 nail puller 拔钉器 ruler 尺 tape measure 卷尺 folding ruler 折尺sandpaper, emery paper 砂纸 spanner 扳子(美作:wrench) double-ended spanner 双头扳子 adjustable spanner, monkey wrench 活扳子,活络扳手 box spanner 管钳子(美作:socket wrench) calipers 卡规 pincers, tongs 夹钳 shears 剪子 wire cutters 剪线钳 multipurpose pliers, universal pliers 万能手钳adjustable pliers 可调手钳 punch 冲子 drill 钻 chuck 卡盘 scraper 三角刮刀 reamer 扩孔钻 caliper gauge 孔径规 hacksaw 钢锯 rivet 铆钉 nut 螺母 locknut 自锁螺母,防松螺母 bolt 螺栓 pin, peg, dowel 销钉 washer 垫圈 staple U形钉 grease gun 注油枪 oil can 油壶 jack 工作服 spade 锄 fork 叉子 shovel 铁锹,铲 rake 耙 roller 滚压器,碌碡 dibble 掘穴机 wheelbarrow 小车,独轮车 watering can 喷壶 garden hose, hosepipe 橡胶软管 lawnmower 剪草机 shears, garden shears 园艺剪刀 pruning shears 修枝剪 pruning knife 修枝刀 sickle 镰刀 scythe 钐刀,钐镰
工具箱用英语怎么说.doc
工具箱用英语怎么说 ，，xx工具箱是存储工具和各种家庭杂物的容器，可用于生产，家庭，维修，钓鱼等各种用途，使用广泛。它分为移动型和固定型。移动性的工具箱也就是所谓的工具车。那么你知道吗?下面来学习一下吧。工具箱英语说法1：kit工具箱英语说法2：tool case工具箱英语说法3：tool cabinet工具箱的相关表达：优化工具箱Optimization Toolbox ; optimized kit ; optimized toolbox ; optimization tool box抽象窗口工具箱 AWT ; Abstract Window Toolkit ; Abstract Windowing Toolkit ; awt木匠工具箱 iHandy Carpenter ; iHandysoft lnc符号数学工具箱 Symbolic Math Toolbox ; Symbolic Math ; symbolic maths tools ; symbolic math toolbox磁盘工具箱 DiskToolbox财政金融工具箱 Financial Toolbox手机工具箱 QPtools ; Nktools ; BoxTool应用工具箱 USAT ; SIM Application Toolbox固件工具箱 ROM Toolbox工具箱的英语例句：1. A good toolbox is a handy thing to have in any house.任何一个家庭都应备有一个好的工具箱以便随时使用.2. He opened the box to put in the hammer.他打开工具箱把锤子放里.3. Put back the tools in the box.把工具放回工具箱.4. Unfortunately, hierarchical trees are one of the most inappropriately used controls in the toolbox.遗憾的是, 层次树也是工具箱中最容易被错误使用的控件之一.5. Perhaps he was carrying a portable
英文简历必备-个人资料中英翻译
个人资料 name 姓名 alias 别名 pen name 笔名 date of birth 出生日期 birth date 出生日期 born 出生于 birth place 出生地点 age 年龄 native place 籍贯 province 省 city 市 autonomous region 自治区prefecture 专区 county 县 nationality 民族，国籍citizenship 国籍 duel citizenship 双重国籍address 地址 current address 目前地址present address 目前地址permanent address 永久地址postal code 邮政编码 home phone 住宅电话 office phone 办公电话business phone 办公电话Tel.电话 sex 性别 male 男
female 女 height 身高 weight 体重 marital status 婚姻状况family status 家庭状况married 已婚 single/unmarried 未婚divorced 离异 separated 分居 number of children 子女人数none 无 street 街 lane 胡同，巷 road 路 district 区 house number 门牌 health 健康状况 health condition 健康状况blood type 血型 short-sighted 近视 far-sighted 远视 color-blind 色盲 ID card No.身份证号码 date of availability 可到职时间available 可到职membership 会员，资格president 会长 vice-president 副会长director 理事 standing director 常务理事
英文翻译工具
五分钟搞定5000字－外文文献翻译【你想要的工具都在这里】 五分钟搞定5000字－外文文献翻译 工具大全https://www.sodocs.net/doc/4b2661706.html,/node/2151 在科研过程中阅读翻译外文文献是一个非常重要的环节，许多领域高水平的文献都是外文文献，借鉴一些外文文献翻译的经验是非常必要的。由于特殊原因我翻译外文文献的机会比较多，慢慢地就发现了外文文献翻译过程中的三大利器：G oogle“翻译”频道、金山词霸（完整版本）和CNKI“翻译助手"。 具体操作过程如下： 1.先打开金山词霸自动取词功能，然后阅读文献； 2.遇到无法理解的长句时，可以交给Google处理，处理后的结果猛一看，不堪入目，可是经过大脑的再处理后句子的意思基本就明了了； 3.如果通过Google仍然无法理解，感觉就是不同，那肯定是对其中某个“常用单词”理解有误，因为某些单词看似很简单，但是在文献中有特殊的意思，这时就可以通过CNKI的“翻译助手”来查询相关单词的意思，由于CNKI的单词意思都是来源与大量的文献，所以它的吻合率很高。
另外，在翻译过程中最好以“段落”或者“长句”作为翻译的基本单位，这样才不会造成“只见树木，不见森林”的误导。 注： 1、Google翻译：https://www.sodocs.net/doc/4b2661706.html,/language_tools google，众所周知，谷歌里面的英文文献和资料还算是比较详实的。我利用它是这样的。一方面可以用它查询英文论文，当然这方面的帖子很多，大家可以搜索，在此不赘述。回到我自己说的翻译上来。下面给大家举个例子来说明如何用吧 比如说“电磁感应透明效应”这个词汇你不知道他怎么翻译， 首先你可以在CNKI里查中文的，根据它们的关键词中英文对照来做，一般比较准确。 在此主要是说在google里怎么知道这个翻译意思。大家应该都有词典吧，按中国人的办法，把一个一个词分着查出来，敲到google里，你的这种翻译一般不太准，当然你需要验证是否准确了，这下看着吧，把你的那支离破碎的翻译在google里搜索，你能看到许多相关的文献或资料，大家都不是笨蛋，看看，也就能找到最精确的翻译了，纯西式的！我就是这么用的。 2、CNKI翻译：https://www.sodocs.net/doc/4b2661706.html, CNKI翻译助手，这个网站不需要介绍太多，可能有些人也知道的。主要说说它的有点，你进去看看就能发现：搜索的肯定是专业词汇，而且它翻译结果下面有文章与之对应（因为它是CNKI检索提供的，它的翻译是从文献里抽出来的），很实用的一个网站。估计别的写文章的人不是傻子吧，它们的东西我们可以直接
英文翻译资料：各种工具
各种工具toolbox 工具箱 bench 工作台 vice, clamp 虎钳(美作:vise) saw 锯 bow saw 弓锯 circular saw 圆锯(美作:buzzsaw) compass saw, scroll saw 钢丝锯fretsaw 细锯 handsaw 手锯 chisel 口凿 cold chisel, burin 冰凿 gouge, firmer gouge 半圆凿 plane 刨子 moulding plane 型刨 jack plane 粗刨 rabbet plane 槽刨 drawknife 刮刀 scraper 三角刮刀 rasp 粗锉 file 锉 square 尺
miter 斜槽规 scriber 近线尺 set square, triangle 三角板brace 手拉曲柄锉 hand drill 手钻 drill, bit 钻,有柄钻 gimlet, auger 钻,无柄钻countersink 锥口钻 gauge, marking gauge 量规hammer 锤 mallet 木槌 nail 钉 brad 平头钉 tack, stud 圆头钉 screw 螺丝钉 screwdriver 螺丝刀,改锥screw tap 螺丝攻 nail puller 拔钉器 ruler 尺 tape measure 卷尺 folding ruler 折尺sandpaper, emery paper 砂纸
toolbox 工具箱 bench 工作台 vice, clamp 虎钳(美作:vise) saw 锯 bow saw 弓锯 circular saw 圆锯(美作:buzzsaw) compass saw, scroll saw 钢丝锯fretsaw 细锯 handsaw 手锯 chisel 口凿 cold chisel, burin 冰凿 gouge, firmer gouge 半圆凿plane 刨子 moulding plane 型刨 jack plane 粗刨 rabbet plane 槽刨 drawknife 刮刀 scraper 三角刮刀 rasp 粗锉 file 锉 square 尺 miter 斜槽规
毕业设计英文翻译资料(中文)
故障概率模型的数控车床 摘要：领域的失效分析被计算机数字化控制（CNC）车床描述。现场收集了为期两年的约80台数控车床的故障数据。编码系统代码失效数据是制定和失效分析数据库成立的数控车床。失败的位置和子系统，失效模式及原因进行了分析，以显示薄弱子系统的数控车床。另外，故障的概率模型，分析了数控车床的模糊多准则综合评价。 作者关键词：数控车床；场失败；概率模型；模糊信息 文章概述 1.介绍 2. CNC车床的概述 3.收集和整理数据 3.1. 收集数据 3.2. 领域失效数据的有效性 3.3. 数据核对和数据库 4. 失效分析 4.1. 对失败位置和子系统的频率分析 4.2. 对失败形式的频率分析 5.失败机率模型 5.1. 方法学 5.2. 分布倍之间连续的失败 5.3. 修理时间的发行 6.结论 1.介绍 在过去十年中，计算机数字化控制（CNC）车床已经越来越多地被引入到机械加工过程中。由于其固有的灵活性很大，稳定的加工精度和高生产率，数控车床是能给用户巨大的利益。然而，作为一个单一的数控车床故障也许会导致整个生产车间被停止，而且维修更加困难和昂贵，当故障发生时[1]，数控车床能够给用户带来很多的麻烦。 与此同时，制造商还需要持续改进数控车床的可靠性来提高市场的竞争力。因此，数控车床的可靠性能使生产商和用户增加显著性和至关重要的意义。 需要改进数控车床的可靠性，使用户和制造商收集和分析领域的故障数据和采取措施减少停机时间。本文论述了研究失效模式及原因，失效的位置和薄弱的子系统，故障概率模型的数控车床。
图1 系统框图的数控车床 机械系统包括主轴及其传动链（固定在主轴箱），两根滑动轴（命名X、Z或者U，W在轮），车床拖板箱，转动架或刀架，尾座，床身等。主轴持续或加强连续变速，驱动交流或直流主轴电机直接或通过主传动，并有一个光电编码器的主轴车削螺纹。X和Z 两根轴的驱动交流或直流伺服车削螺纹和控制同时进行。该转动架或刀架可自动交换工
英语翻译资料。
Unit1 1,这个小男孩最喜欢做的事就是搭积木。 What the boy likes to do most is to put together the building blocks. 2,就先前的工作经验而言，约翰是这个职位的最佳候选人。 In times of previous working experience, john is the best choice for this position. 3,我的物理老师经常使用类比来说明一些较难理解的概念。 My physics teacher often uses analogy the explain some difficult concepts. 4在家人和朋友的帮助下，汤姆经营的出版企业逐渐兴旺起来。 With the help of his family and friends, Tom built up his publishing business bit by bit, 5,琳达没能进入那所著名的大学，但她打算重新开始，而不是逃避挑战。 Linda was not able to go to that famous college, but she planned to start all over again rather than giving up the challenge. 6,这个公司有着很好的公众形象。人们总是将它的产品与质量和优质服务联系在一起。This company has a very good public image, people always associate its products with high quality good service. Unit2 1,孩子们很苦恼,因为他们的家长不允许他们在铁路轨道旁玩耍。 The children were pretty annoyed, for their parents couldn’t allow them to play around the railway track. 2,我打赌我只要速度快一点，肯定会比他们先到目的地。 I bet that only if i speed up, surely i'll get to the destination earlier than them. 3，这种糟糕的天气让人不想出去，你还不如在家舒展一下筋骨，做做运动。 Y ou don’t want to go out in such rotten weather. It’s better for you to stay at home to stretch your legs and do physical exercises. 4，已经十点半了，你不应该还在睡觉！快赶到飞机场接你表弟！ It’s half past ten and you are not supposed to be sleeping. It’s time to head for the airport to pick up your cousin. 5，是谁想到让迈克来接管这项工程的？ Who came up with the idea to ask Mike to take over the project? 6，学校对不同种族背景的学生没有区别对待。 The school makes no distinction in treating students from different racial backgrounds. Unit3 1，他是一个合格的机械师，但他后来却搞起了国际贸易。 He is a qualified mechanic, but he afterwards but eke out her the international trade. 2，他在业余时间报名参加计算机基础知识的培训，但没能坚持到底。 In his spare time enrolled in computer basic knowledge of training, but he can't hold on to the end. 3，校长经过面试，选择了几个优秀的大学毕业生从事教学工作。 The headmaster after the interview, choose a few excellent college graduates teaching work. 4，这份合同对我们公司非常重要，所以写得越具体越好。我要和我的同事们好好谈谈。This contract is very important to our company, so I write have jumped over in detail more. I'm
各种主义的翻译
封建主义feudalism 专制主义absolutism社会主义socialism 资本主义capitalism奴隶主义slaverism 集体主义collectivism 个人主义individualism 享乐主义gastronomy共产主义communism党派主义factionalism国家主义nationalism 自由主义liberalism宗派主义sectarianism理性主义rationalism理想主义idealism科学社会主义scientific socialism民主主义democratism投机主义opportunism公理主义congregationalism地方自治主义communalism工会主义unionism 反种族主义antiracism反社会主义antisocialism社会民主主义social democracy种族主义racialism工团主义syndicalism商业主义commercialism教条主义doctrinairism黑权主义black power军国主义militarism公式主义formulism法西斯主义fascism 平均主义levellism专业主义professionalism新艺术主义ant nouveau消极主义passivism新殖民地主义neocolonialism 新重商主义neomercantilism实利主义utilitariantilism 实用主义pragmatism 实证主义positivism 怀疑主义scepticism 神秘主义occultism 无政府主义anarchism 地方主义localism 人文主义humanism 人道主义humanitarianism 抽象主义abstractionism 国家资本主义state capitalism 国际主义internationalism 形式主义formalism 产业主义industrialism 排他主义exclusionism 大男子主义male chauvinism 未来主义futurism 权力主义authoritarianism 联邦主义unionism 独身主义bachelorism 世界主义cosmopolitanism
(完整word版)英文翻译资料
Status of the development of solid garage Stereo garage is the storage which is used for automatic parking and scientific storage of kinds of automobile. As the quantity of urban automobile has increased continuously in nowadays ,the hard-to-park problem has become a common phenomenon. Mechanical stereo garage can use land resource sufficiently and bring space advantage into play,and maximize the number of parking cars. It has become an important way for static traffic problem of cities. The issue studies the type mechanical parking system which named up-down and translation stereo garage, and regards of the two factors of manufacture and operational efficiency synthetically. On the basis of investigation on current situation and developing trend of garage in domestic and abroad, we choose three-layer and three-formulistic garage structure as the research model. According to the form of the dragging-forms of multi player up-down and translation ear-base , it is made of three pares :part of ear-base strucrure part of driving-framework and part of control system. The paper simply introduces main structure and characteristics of garage and also gives a short introduction to its control system. The finite element reliability checking of steel structure of garage is utilized according to the operation principle of up-down and translation stereo garage, the mechanics was used to comprehensively analyze the up-down and translation stereo garage , the mechanics was used to comprehensively analyze the up-down and translation stereo garage. Including intension of the framework structure axes,etc. The paper adopted PLC as stereo garage, PLC control system is control system in designing the up-down and translation software of OMRON company was used to weave the program simple and easy to realize . The characteristic of of control system, through debugging running. The result proved that adopted PLC as stabilization ,credibility , speediness and high capability made the control system very perfection of mechanical parking systems-general safety requirement and the facts of the up-down and translation sterel garage rhe paper introduced some safety technique which was used in the up-down and translation stereo garage. This can ensure absolute safety for car and make the whole stereo garage safety and running smooth . On the base of the project "Optimal design of the mechanisms in the stereoscopic garage"，some mechanisms in the lift park garage has been designed optimally. At the first, we established the running mode and the structure of the mechanisms adapted to the running mode. And then, we chose the immobile comb as the parking space and 1
各类翻译词汇
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机械英语：各种工具的英语翻译
机械英语：各种工具的英语翻译toolbox 工具箱 bench 工作台 vice, clamp 虎钳 (美作：vise) saw 锯 bow saw 弓锯 circular saw 圆锯 (美作：buzzsaw) compass saw, scroll saw 钢丝锯 fretsaw 细锯 handsaw 手锯 chisel 口凿 cold chisel, burin 冰凿 gouge, firmer gouge 半圆凿 plane 刨子 moulding plane 型刨 jack plane 粗刨 rabbet plane 槽刨 drawknife 刮刀 scraper 三角刮刀 rasp 粗锉
file 锉 square 尺 miter 斜槽规 scriber 近线尺 set square, triangle 三角板brace 手拉曲柄锉 hand drill 手钻 drill, bit 钻,有柄钻gimlet, auger 钻,无柄钻countersink 锥口钻 gauge, marking gauge 量规hammer 锤 mallet 木槌 nail 钉 brad 平头钉 tack, stud 圆头钉 screw 螺丝钉 screwdriver 螺丝刀,改锥screw tap 螺丝攻 nail puller 拔钉器 ruler 尺
tape measure 卷尺 folding ruler 折尺 sandpaper, emery paper 砂纸toolbox 工具箱 bench 工作台 vice, clamp 虎钳 (美作：vise) saw 锯 bow saw 弓锯 circular saw 圆锯 (美作：buzzsaw) compass saw, scroll saw 钢丝锯fretsaw 细锯 handsaw 手锯 chisel 口凿 cold chisel, burin 冰凿 gouge, firmer gouge 半圆凿 plane 刨子 moulding plane 型刨 jack plane 粗刨 rabbet plane 槽刨 drawknife 刮刀 scraper 三角刮刀
英文资料翻译原文
英文资料翻译原文 Boiler management: General management principles and operating procedures are well known and must be always followed to avoid boiler mishap. With many small package boiler,the automatic control sequence usually ensures that the boiler fire is initially ignited from a diesel oil supply,and changed over to the usual source when ignition is completed.With good management ,to facilitate subsequent starting from cold,the fuel system of large boilers will have been flushed through with diesel oil when the boiler was on light duty immediately prior to being secured.When burning such diesel fuel it is essential for safety that only the correct(small) burner tip should be used.It should be kept in mind that if fire does not light,immediately shut off fuel and vent furance. Complete ignition of fuel in the furance is essential.The burner flame,the smoke indicator and the funnel should be frequently observed.With satisfactory combustion,the flame should appear incandescent with an orange shade at the flame tip,and a faint brownish haze should show at the funnel.If on fist ignition the flame is uncertain,badly shaped and separates from the primary swirler ,momentary opening or closing of air register may correct. The PH value of the boiler feed water should kept between 8 and 9 and the boiler density less than 300 ppm but,if water samples show a heavy concentration of suspended mater,short blow-downs of 20 seconds duration should be given until the sludge content is seen to be reduced.The boiler should be blown down when the oil burner is operating,the water level lowered and then restored to prove the functioning of the low water cut-out and the oil burner start-up equipment.the boiler scum valve should also be operated at this time to keep the water level clear floating scum. Fuel burner components and igniter electrodes should be cleaned weekly and the furance examined to ensure that there are no excess carbon deposits. Tubes in the exhaust gas section of the boiler should be brushed through at about six-monthly intervals,and those in the oil-burning section periodically examined and cleaned as necessary with a wire bristle brush.With correct feed water treatment,blow-down procedures and sludge contents in water samples at a stable level,it should not be necessary to wash out the water side of the boiler more than once every three or four months. Boiler fires may be out of for long periods when a ship is at sea and the boiler steaming maintained by heat input from waste heat recovery plant.This operation is free from hazard,but feed water and boiler water treatment must be maintained to prevent internal deterioration or scale formation.Water level controller must be kept operable to protect external steam-using plant from water “carry-over”danger. If a boiler is isolated from the steam-using system it must be kept either in closed dry storage with a suitable internal desiccant,or completely full of treated water,or under a low steam pressure preferably maintained by a steam-heated coil. Regular testing of boiler protective devices must be implemented. Frequent comparison of drum-mounted and remote reading water level