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翻译考试种类及简介

翻译考试种类及简介
翻译考试种类及简介

上海口译考试

1.基本内容

该项目是上海紧缺人才培训工程重要项目之一,由上海市高校浦东继续教育中心(PCEC)负责组织实施。自1995年6月开考至2004年秋季,已有19.82万人次报考,1.71万人经考试(含笔试、口试)合格获得由上海紧缺人才培训工程联席会议办公室颁发的《上海市外语口译岗位资格证书》,近千人获得由上海市外语口译岗位资格证书考试委员会颁发的《上海市英语口译基础能力合格证书》。

2.考试项目

英语高级口译、英语中级口译、日语口译、英语口译基础能力。

上海地区已实施考生网上报名:

考试日期:每年的三月、九月组织两期考试

考试阶段:先笔试,笔试合格者再口试

考试项目:英语高级口译、英语中级口译、日语中级口译等(先报名参加笔试,笔试合格者再报名参加口试);英语口译基础能力(含笔试和口试)、日语高级口译(口试)。

考试大纲和教材:

编写:“中心”组织口译专家编制上海外语口译证书考试大纲,依据大纲编写配套的教材和制作录音带,。

出版、发行:考试大纲、教材和配套录音带由上海外语教育出版社、华东师范大学出版社出版、新华书店发行。

翻译专业资格(水平)考试”(China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters —CATTI )

一、考试性质

全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试(China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters -- CATTI)是受国家人力资源和社会保障部委托,由中国外文出版发行事业局(China Foreign Languages Publishing Administration)负责实施与管理的一项国家级职业资格考试,已纳入国家职业资格证书制度,是一项在全国实行的、统一的、面向全社会的翻译专业资格(水平)认证,是对参试人员口译或笔译方面双语互译能力和水平的评价与认定。

翻译专业资格(水平)考试,是我国翻译系列职称评审制度的重大改革。翻译专业资格(水平)考试与原有翻译专业技术职务任职资格评审制度相比,更体现了科学、客观、公平、公正的原则,报名参加考试人员不受学历、资历和所从事专业的限制。取得各级别证书并符合翻译专业职务任职条件的人员,用人单位可根据需要聘任相应职务。在资格考试体系尚未完全建立之前,新旧体系会有一个并存期。翻译专业资格考试将分语种、分级别地逐步推开,随着考试逐步推向全国,旧有的翻译专业技术职务任职资格评审制度将逐渐退出历史舞台。

二、考试目的

设立这一考试的目的是为适应我国经济发展和加入世界贸易组织的需要,加强我国外语翻译专业人才队伍建设,科学、客观、公正地评价翻译专业人才水平和能力,同时进一步规范翻译市场,加强对翻译行业的管理,使之更好地与国际接轨,从而为我国的对外开放服务。

三、考试报名条件

该考试是一项面向全社会的职业资格考试,凡是遵守中华人民共和国宪法和法律,恪守职业道德,具有一定外语水平的人员,不分年龄、学历、资历和身份,均可报名参加相应语种二、三级的考试。获准在华就业的外籍人员及港、澳、台地区的专业人员,也可参加报名。

四、考试语种

考试分7个语种,分别是英、日、法、阿拉伯、俄、德、西班牙等语种;四个等级,即:资深翻译;一级口译、笔译翻译;二级口译、笔译翻译;三级口译、笔译翻译;两大类别,即:笔译、口译,口译又分交替传译和同声传译两个专业类别。

五、考试科目

二、三级笔译考试均设《笔译综合能力》和《笔译实务》2个科目;口译考试均设《口译综合能力》和《口译实务》2个科目,其中二级口译考试《口译实务》科目分设“交替传译”和“同声传译”2个专业类别。报名参加二级口译考试的人员,可根据本人情况,选择口译交替传译和同声传译两个专业类别的考试。报考二级口译交替传译的人员,参加《口译综合能力》和《口译实务(交替传译类)》2个科目的考试;报考二级口译同声传译的人员,参加《口译综合能力》和《口译实务(同声传译类)》2个科目的考试;已通过了二级口译交替传译考试并取得证书的人员,可免试《口译综合能力》科目,只参加《口译实务(同声传译类)》科目的考试。

翻译硕士专业学位研究生,入学前未获得二级或二级以上翻译专业资格(水平)证书的,在校学习期间必须参加二级口译或笔译翻译专业资格(水平)考试,并可免试《综合能力》科目,只参加《口译实务》或《笔译实务》科目考试。

六、考试方式

二、三级《口译综合能力》科目考试采用听译笔答方式进行;二级《口译实务》科目“交替传译”和“同声传译”以及三级《口译实务》科目的考试均采用现场录音方式进行。

二、三级《笔译综合能力》和《笔译实务》科目考试均采用纸笔作答方式进行。

七、考试时间

二、三级《口译综合能力》科目、二级《口译实务》科目“交替传译”和“同声传译”考试时间均为60分钟;三级《口译实务》科目考试时间为30分钟。

二、三级《笔译综合能力》科目考试时间均为120分钟,《笔译实务》科目考试时间均为180分钟。

八、考试实施情况

翻译资格考试从2003年12月开始进行首次试点,在考试实施与管理及口笔译考务各有关单位的通力合作下,取得了一系列可喜的进步和值得骄傲的业绩,考试的规模稳步增长、影响力不断扩大,得到了社会各界的认可。

2009年上半年,考试报名人数从2003年的单次考试1,600人上升到15,000人,英语报名人数也从试点时期的1,000人上升到近14,000人。截至2009

年上半年,累计报名参考人员超过96,000人次,累计合格人数已经超过14,300人次。

自2008年起,英、法、日、俄、德、西、阿等7个语种二、三级口笔译共29

种58个科目考试已在全国范围内成功推开。各地区、各部门已不再进行翻译系

列上述7个语种相应级别职称即翻译、助理翻译专业技术职务任职资格的评审工作。

九、证书登记和继续教育

根据《翻译专业资格(水平)考试暂行规定》有关要求,翻译专业资格(水平)证书实行定期登记制度,每3年登记一次。有效期满前,持证者应按规定到指定的机构办理再次登记手续。再次登记,还需要提供接受继续教育或业务培训的证明。

中国翻译协会受中国外文局委托负责证书登记与继续教育工作的具体实施。中国翻译协会拟定了《关于组织全国翻译专业资格(水平)证书持有者继续教育(或业务培训)的通知》和《关于组织全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试证书登记工作的通知》。作为对翻译专业人员实行规范的行业管理的一部分,这标志着我国翻译行业规范管理迈出新的步伐,此项工作已于2006年1月正式启动。

十、考试在国内外的影响

1、得到各方面肯定

翻译资格考试作为一项国家级翻译人才评价体系,多次得到国家人力资源和社会保障部及业内资深专家的好评。人社部专技司领导多次说:“我们选外文局组织考试是选对了,外文局领导非常重视,组织工作出色,人社部满意,专家满意,社会认可。考试在国内和国外都产生了良好的影响,是目前国家职业资格考试中做得非常成功的项目之一”。

2、专家队伍健全、稳定

截止到2005年6月,英、法、日、俄、德、西、阿等七个语种的专家委员会已经全部建立。专家委员会调整、换届工作认真及时,2005年9月,第二届英语专家委员会换届完成,2007年7月,七个语种专家委员会顺利完成换届。随着考试规模和影响的不断扩大,相当一批高水平的专家教授参与考试工作。专家委员会成员有来自外文局、外交部、中联部、国际台、中央编译局、新华社、中科院等翻译、出版机构的专家,有来自北京外国语大学、北京第二外国语学院、上海外国语大学、广州外语外贸大学、北京语言文化大学、北京大学、清华大学、复旦大学等十几所国内高校的知名教授,其中不乏我前任驻外使节和一些部级、局级业务专家。

3、国际国内多个认证机构主动寻求与我合作。

台湾、香港地区,日本、韩国、新加坡等有关机构与我局考试办建立了工作联系,有的希望开设考点,有的希望进行互认,有的前来学习借鉴。法国驻华大使馆还派文化官员前往考场观摩,澳大利亚有关机构也致函表示关注。浏览全国翻译考试网站的国家和地区已达几十个。

4、与翻译专业硕士学位教育实现接轨

2008年,翻译专业硕士学位教育与翻译专业资格(水平)证书实现接轨,翻译硕士学位教育与职称制度及行业规范管理有机结合起来,翻译考试作为人才评价的标准将逐步起到引导翻译教学、服务翻译教学的作用。

5、获得考试证书者将可以个人会员身份加入中国翻译协会

2004年底召开的中国翻译协会第五届全国理事会,对中国翻译协会章程做了重大修订,会上,审议并通过了《中国翻译协会章程(草案)》,新章程(草案)明确了未来中国译协作为学术性、行业性社会团体的性质,使中国译协的业务和

职能范围在原来学术领域的基础上向行业领域扩展和延伸,译协的会员组成也从原有的翻译团体,扩展到从事翻译及与翻译工作相关的企事业单位和个人。

2005年,中国翻译协会出台了《中国翻译协会会员管理暂行办法》,对个人会员入会条件进行规范。个人会员包括资深会员、专家会员、普通会员和荣誉会员。其中普通会员要求取得初级以上翻译专业技术职务任职资格,或获得全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试三级以上口、笔译证书,或在翻译学术界或翻译专业领域内有一定贡献或实践经验;专家会员要求取得副译审以上专业技术职务任职资格,或获得全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试一级以上证书,或在翻译学术界或翻译专业领域内有显著成绩和贡献,有丰富实践经验。

中国翻译协会对个人会员入会条件的规范,说明全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试将会对翻译行业管理做出前所未有的贡献。

全国英语翻译证书

全国外语翻译证书考试(NAETI)是由教育部考试中心与北京外国语大学合作举办,在全国实施的面向社会的非学历证书考试。它主要测试应试者外语笔译和口译能力,并对应试者提供翻译资格的权威认证。该项考试参考了包括美国、加拿大、欧盟、英国、澳大利亚等国家和地区的翻译资格认证标准,是一项具有国际水准的认证考试。全国外语翻译证书考试目前设英、日两个语种。考试合格者可获得相应级别的笔译或口译证书。该级别考试于2008年10月首次开考。

1.分级介绍

一级笔译证书

本证书证明持有者能够翻译高难度的各类文本,能够胜任机关、企事业单位各类材料、各种国际会议文献的翻译,译审及定稿。

一级口译证书

本证书证明持有者能够做各种正式场合的交替传译和同声传译,达到专业翻译水平;能够胜任高级别正式场合的讲话及各类国际会议的交替传译和同声传译工作。

二级笔译证书

本证书证明持有者能够翻译较高难度的各类文本;能够胜任机关、企事业单位的科技、法律、商务,经贸等方面材料的翻译以及各类国际会议一般性文件的翻译。

二级口译证书

本证书证明持有者能够做各类正式场合的口译工作,达到专业翻译水平;能够胜任正式会议及技术性或商务会谈等活动的交替传译工作。

三级笔译证书

本证书证明持有者能够翻译一般难度的文本;能够胜任机关,企事业单位的一般性文本和商务类材料的翻译。

三级口译证书

本证书证明持有者能够做一般性讲话和会谈的口译;能够胜任一般性的交替传译和陪同口译工作。

四级笔译证书

本证书证明持有者能够从事基本的笔译工作,能够翻译简单的书面材料。四级口译证书

本证书证明持有者能够从事基本的口译工作、能够进行简单的会谈,接待和陪同口译。

(其中,英语四级翻译证书于2008年10月首次开考,从2010年下半年开始把笔译和口译分为两个独立的考试,分别颁发证书.)

该考试分为笔译和口译两大类,各含三个级别。考试合格者可分别获得初级笔译证书、中级笔译证书、高级笔译证书;初级口译证书、中级口译证书、高级口译证书。

初级笔译证书

本证书证明持有人能够就一般难度的材料进行英汉互译,能够胜任一般文件或商务等方面材料的翻译工作。

中级笔译证书

本证书证明持有人能够就普通英汉原文材料进行互译,能够胜任一般性国际会议文件、科技或经贸等材料的专业翻译工作。

高级笔译证书:本证书证明持有人能够承担大型国际会议、政府部门重要文献及各种专业性文件的翻译、审定及定稿工作。

初级口译证书

本证书证明持有人能够承担一般性内容讲话,且每段内容不长的交替传译和陪同口译工作。

中级口译证书

本证书证明持有人能够承担一般性正式会议,技术或商务谈判,以及类似活动的专业交替传译工作。

高级口译证书

本证书证明持有人能够承担国际会议的专业交替传译或同声传译工作,能够承担高级别正式场合讲话的口译工作。

2.报考资格

⑴本考试专门对广大从业人员和在校大学生的英语实际翻译能力进行科学考核并提供权威认证。对报考资格无年龄、职业、以及受教育程度的限制,任何人都可以根据自已的实际水平选择参加口译或笔译的某个证书的考试。

⑵由于口译和笔译考试都是相对独立的,所以可以同时报考某个级别的口译和笔译。

NAETI的评价手段

1、笔译:重点评价考生实际从事翻译工作的能力,因此考试的题型和内容近似于实际工作中所碰到的情况。笔译考试分为两部分,英译汉和汉译英各2-3篇文章。初、中、高级考试的时间分别为3、4、6个小时。各级别考试所选文章长度不等,级别越高所译文章越长,难度也越高。

2、口译:口译采取听录音做翻译的方式。考场设在语音室内,考生戴耳机,听到一段英文或中文讲话后把它们分别译成中文或英文,考生的翻译内容同时就录在了磁带上。讲话的长度从初级的250词/字到高级的600-800词/字不等,各级别讲话速度和内容难度不同。各级别口译均大约30分钟。通过高级口译录音考试的考生还要参加面试,面试时要考同声传译。

3.证书

本考试的证书由教育部考试中心和北京外国语大学联合颁发。本证书可供各机构录用或考核工作人员时参考。全国外语翻译证书考试的各个证书考试是各自独立的。通过任何一个证书考试都可获得相应的证书。口译和笔译均采用A、B、C、D四级记分法,口译各部分都在B(含B)以上为合格,除高级口译外,通过录音考试就可获得证书,通过高级口译录音考试的考生还要参加面试,面试合格才能获得证书。笔译试卷中各部分都在B(含B)以上为合格。考试合格就可获得证书。全国外语翻译证书不仅是对考生自身语言运用能力的权威认定,更提高了证书持有者求职就业的竞争力。

证书的颁发、有效期和适用范围

全国外语翻译证书考试证书由教育部考试中心和北京外国语大学联合颁发,

证书终身有效。本证书可供各机构录用或考核工作人员时参考。

4.考试时间

从2010年起全国外语翻译证书考试时间由原来的5月和10月的第四个周末调整到5月和11月的第二个周末。2010年的考试时间定为,第一次考试:5月8日和9日,5月8日开考英语一级、二级、三级和四级的笔译,英语四级的口译;日语一级、二级和三级的笔译。5月9日开考英语一级、二级和三级的口译;日语一级、二级和三级的口译。第二次考试:11月13日和14日,11月13日开考英语二级、三级、四级的笔译和英语四级的口译,11月14日开考英语二级和三级的口译。网上报名时间。第一次考试,网上报名时间:3月1日至28日,考点确认时间:3月25日至3月31日。第二次考试,网上报名时间:8月1日至9月15日,考点确认时间:9月15日至21日。

翻译的形式和类型

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全国人事部一级笔译两年真题

2015年CATTI一级笔译英译汉试题 原文: Conventional business wisdom is big on perfection. We are constantly exhorted to give 100 per cent – or even a mathematically impossible 110 per cent. But is this really the absolute virtue it is held up to be? Or is there a case to be made for doing a “good enough” job most of the time? There are two well-known rules that suggest the latter is valid. The first is the Pareto Principle (or the 80-20 rule), which states that 80 per cent of consequences stem from 20 per cent of causes. The second is the law of diminishing returns, which suggests that, as you near 100 per cent, you expend proportionally more effort on the remaining work. Graham Allcott, author of How to be a Productivity Ninja, says that people often look at tasks the wrong way – they focus on the detail of what they are doing, rather than the impact it has. “It is actually far more practical to think in terms of the 80-20 rule and focus ruthlessly on doing things that have the greatest impact.” He also recommends that you delegate the mundane parts of tasks that anyone can do. However, many people find this difficult because they are wedded to the idea of delivering their very best. As business psychologist Karen Moloney says: “Perfection is how they define themselves and to let anything out of their hands that isn’t 100 per cent goes against their sense of professional pride.” She says the trick is to remember it is about delivering what the business needs, not what you want to give. People who are natural perfectionists tend to see not giving 100 per cent as a failing. But you can reframe this by telling yourself that knowing which tasks do not need 100 per cent demonstrates good judgment. Holding on to a task or project by forever adding that extra 1 per cent can sometimes be driven by a fear of being judged on the end result. It is therefore worth reminding yourself of the Steve Jo bs quote: “Real artists ship.” One way to avoid running up against the law of diminishing returns is to set yourself deadlines. But rather than set fake deadlines that you know can be moved, Mr Allcott recommends making yourself accountable to someone else. That way, you will shift from “I could deliver any time next week” to “I’ll look bad in front of my boss i f I don’t deliver by Tuesday”. Perhaps the most difficult thing to deal with, however, is not your own desire to give 100 per cent but your boss’s desire to see you give 100 per cent . Again, says Ms Moloney, you need to make it about what you deliver: “Explain to your boss you can accomplish far more if you don’t dot every I and cross every T.”

2019年6月全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试二级口译实务真题(人事部CATTI考试)

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人事部翻译资格证书(CATTI)2004 年 11 月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案

Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉)( 60 point ) This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes. Part A Compulsory Translation (必译题)(30 points) Until recently, scientists knew little about life in the deep sea, nor had they reason to believe that it was being threatened. Now, with the benefit of technology that allows for deeper exploration, researchers have uncovered a remarkable array of species inhabiting the ocean floor at depths of more than 660 feet, or about 200 meters. At the same time, however, technology has also enabled fishermen to reach far deeper than ever before, into areas where bottom trawls can destroy in minutes what has taken nature hundreds and in some cases thousands of years to build. Many of the world's coral species, for example, are found at depths of more than 200 meters. It is also estimated that roughly half of the world's highest seamounts - areas that rise from the ocean floor and are particularly rich in marine life - are also found in the deep ocean. These deep sea ecosystems provide shelter, spawning and breeding areas for fish and other creatures, as well as protection from strong currents and predators. Moreover, they are believed to harbor some of the most extensive reservoirs of life on earth, with estimates ranging from 500,000 to 100 million species inhabiting these largely unexplored and highly fragile ecosystems. Yet just as we are beginning to recognize the tremendous diversity of life in these areas, along with the potential benefits newly found species may hold for human society in the form of potential food products and new medicines, they are at risk of being lost forever. With enhanced ability both to identify where these species-rich areas are located and to trawl in deeper water than before, commercial fishing vessels are now beginning to reach down with nets the size of football fields, catching everything in their path while simultaneously crushing fragile corals and breaking up the delicate structure of reefs and seamounts that provide critical habitat to the countless species of fish and other marine life that inhabit the deep ocean floor. Because deep sea bottom trawling is a recent phenomenon, the damage that has been done is still limited. If steps are taken quickly to prevent this kind of destructive activity from occurring on the high seas, the benefits both to the marine environment and to future generations are incalculable. And they far outweigh the short-term costs

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翻译策略的分类和介绍 引言 一般的翻译教材在讨论翻译问题时,都离不开讨论翻译方法与技巧。我国在八十年代初出版的统编翻译教程(即张培基等编著的教程),主要是讲述常用的翻译方法与技巧,其中包括:词义的选择、引伸和褒贬;词类转译法;增词法;重复法;省略法;正反、反正表达法,分句、合句法;被动语态的译法;名词从句的译法;定语从句的译法;状语从句的译法;长句的译法,和习语、拟声词、外来词语等特别语词的译法等。 九十年代出版的翻译教程也基本上沿用这些方法与技巧,或在此基础上有些改进,例如,柯平编著的《英汉与汉英翻译教程》,除了提出与张培基教程大同小异的方法外,还提出了变通和补偿手段:加注、增益、视点转换、具体化、概略化、释义、归化和回译。 ( ) 性” 关于直译之争持续了几个世纪,赞同者坚定不移,反对者(也即意译的赞同者)坚持已见,互不让步。其实,英文和中文“直译”的定义都不是十分确定,既可指逐词译 ( ),也包括逐句译()。直译作为一种翻译策略常见用于以下领域的翻译:()用于翻译科技资料;()用于外语教学,让学生了解两种语言结构的差异;()也用于文学翻译,是文学翻译中直译的高手,在他看来,“只有直译才是真正的翻译”(见)。 然而,在现代文学译者中,赞同直译的人为数不多,其中的主要原因之一如所说,“因为没有哪两种语言是完全相同的,无论是符号所指的意义或语言符号的排列方式都会有差异。可以说,语际之间没有绝对的一致。因而,也就没有绝对准确的翻译”(:)。

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人事部初级笔译第十二讲英译汉选词

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人事部翻译资格证书(CAT人事部英语二级《笔译实务》试题.

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