英语专业泛读教程第三册单词汇unit4

young pigeon乳鸽

英语专业泛读教程第三册单词汇Unit 4

exclusive [ik'sklu:siv]adj. 独有的；排外的；专一的

n. 独家新闻；独家经营的项目；排外者

an exclusive独家新闻，独家采访

exclusive right专有权；专利权

mutually exclusive互相排斥的

exclusive of不包括；除…外

exclusive agent总代理人；（外贸）独家代理人

exclusivity [,eksklu:'siv?ti]n. 排外性；独占权

exclusivist [ik'sklu:sivist]n. 排他主义者；排外主义者

exclusivism [ik'sklu:siviz?m]n. 排外主义；独占主义

exclusion [ik'sklu:??n]n. 排除；排斥；驱逐；被排除在外的事物

to the exclusion of adv. 排除掉；排斥着；不计及

mutual exclusion互斥；互斥现象

exclusion principle不相容原理；排他原理

exclusionary [ik'sklu:??nri]adj. 排他的

exclusionary rule证据排除法则；不采纳规定

mutually ['mju:t?u?li, -tju?li]adv. 互相地；互助

mutually beneficial互利的；双赢的

mutually exclusive互相排斥的

mutually independent互相独立的

haunt [h?:nt]vt. 常出没于…；萦绕于…；经常去…

vi. 出没；作祟

n. 栖息地；常去的地方

ingenuity [,ind?i'nju:?ti]n. 心灵手巧，独创性；精巧；精巧的装置

decoy ['di:k?i, di'k?i]n. 诱饵；诱骗

vt. 诱骗

vi. 被诱

lure [lju?]n. 诱惑；饵；诱惑物

vt. 诱惑；引诱

leopard ['lep?d]n. 豹；美洲豹

snow leopard雪豹

clouded leopard云豹

leopard cat豹猫

predator ['pred?t?]n. [动] 捕食者；[动] 食肉动物；掠夺者

predatory ['pred?t?ri]adj. 掠夺的，掠夺成性的；食肉的；捕食生物的predatory pricing掠夺性订价；掠夺性价格

halfway ['hɑ:f'wei]adv. 到一半；在中途

adj. 中途的；不彻底的

give up halfway半途而废；中途放弃

halfway house n. 路程之中途地点；小客栈

meet halfway让步；妥协

rendezvous ['r?ndivu:, -dei-]n. 约会；约会地点；集结地

vi. 会合；约会

vt. 在指定地点与…相会

coyote ['k?i?ut]n. 一种产于北美大草原的小狼；引外国人从墨西哥偷渡进入美国的不法分子autobiography [,?:t?ubai'?ɡr?fi]n. 自传；自传文学

marvel ['mɑ:v?l]n. 奇迹

vt. 对…感到惊异

vi. 感到惊讶

marvel at v. 对…惊奇

betray [bi'trei]vt. 背叛；出卖；泄露（秘密）；露出…迹象

betray oneself原形毕露

moisture ['m?ist??]n. 水分；湿度；潮湿；降雨量

moisture content水分含量；含湿量

soil moisture土壤水分；土壤湿度

moisture absorption吸湿性；水分吸收

soil moisture content土壤含水量

moisture regain吸湿（性）；回潮率；回潮

moisty ['m?isti]adj. 潮湿的（常与misty连用）

[ 比较级moistier最高级moistiest]

humane [hju:'mein]adj. 仁慈的，人道的；高尚的

humane society人道协会；保护动物协会

desert ['dez?t]vt. 遗弃；放弃；逃跑

vi. 遗弃；开小差；逃掉

n. 沙漠；荒原；应得的赏罚

adj. 沙漠的；荒凉的；不毛的

desert island n. 荒岛

sahara desert撒哈拉大沙漠[北非]

gobi desert戈壁沙漠（蒙古和中国西北部）

taklimakan desert塔克拉玛干沙漠（新疆塔里木盆地中部）

desert landscape沙漠地貌

dessert [di'z?:t]n. 餐后甜点；甜点心

dessert wine餐后甜酒

favorite ['feiv?rit]n. 幸运儿；喜欢的事物；特别喜欢的人

adj. 最喜爱的；中意的；宠爱的

new favorite新宠；新欢

favorite kind of最喜爱的…种类

favorable ['feiv?r?bl]adj. 有利的；良好的；赞成的，赞许的；讨人喜欢的

favorable price优惠价格

favorable location地利；位置优越

favorable balance of trade出超，贸易顺差

under favorable conditions在有利的情形下；在适宜的条件下

reward [ri'w?:d]n. [劳经] 报酬；报答；酬谢

vt. [劳经] 奖励；奖赏

reward for因…的酬谢；作为…的回报

as a reward for作为…的报酬；作为…的回报

reward system奖赏系统；奖励系统

reward with奖赏

offer a reward悬赏

award [?'w?:d]vt. 授予；判定

n. 奖品；判决

academy award奥斯卡金像奖；学院奖（美国电影艺术科学院颁发的年度奖项）award ceremony颁奖仪式，颁奖典礼

arbitral award仲裁裁决；公断书

arbitration award仲裁裁决；公断书

special award特别奖

substantial [s?b'st?n??l]adj. 大量的；实质的；内容充实的

substantial evidence确实证据

substantial savings巨额储蓄

substantial shareholder大股东；主要股东

substantial connection实质联系；密切关系

substantial step实质措施

raccoon [r?'ku:n]n. 浣熊；浣熊毛皮

seal [si:l]n. 密封；印章；海豹；封条；标志

vt. 密封；盖章

vi. 猎海豹

seal of证明；保证

mechanical seal [机]机械密封

oil seal油封

seal in封入

seal ring n. 印章戒指

shark [?ɑ:k]n. 鲨鱼；骗子

vi. 诈骗

vt. 敲诈

shark fin鱼翅，鲨鱼鳍

great white shark大白鲨

whale shark鲸鲨

loan shark n. [口]放高利贷者

squirrel ['skw?:r?l, 'skwi-, 'skw?-]vt. 贮藏

n. 松鼠；松鼠毛皮

squirrel cage adj. 鼠笼式的

ground squirrel [动]地松鼠

flying squirrel [动]鼯鼠

ostrich ['?:strit?, '?-]n. 鸵鸟；鸵鸟般的人

hyena [hai'i:n?]n. [脊椎] 鬣狗，土狼

cicada [si'kɑ:d?,-'kei-]n. 蝉

cicada slough 蝉蜕；金蝉衣

slough [slau] vt. 使陷入泥沼；抛弃

n. 蜕下的皮（或壳）；绝境；[地理] 泥沼；[外科] 腐肉

vi. 蜕皮；脱落；在泥浆中跋涉

slough off丢弃；抛弃

giraffe [d?i'rɑ:f]n. [脊椎] 长颈鹿

zebra ['zi:br?]n. [脊椎] 斑马

adj. 有斑纹的

zebra crossing n. 斑马线

zebra fish [鱼]斑马鱼（一种有斑马条纹的胎生观赏鱼）

eagle ['i:ɡl]n. 鹰；鹰状标饰

bald eagle（美）秃鹰（美国的国鸟）；比喻秃头的政治家

golden eagle金雕

eagle eye鹰眼；敏锐的目光；目光锐利的人

screaming eagle鹰鸣酒（一种美国葡萄酒）

sea eagle海鹰；白尾海雕

hippopotamus [,hip?'p?t?m?s]n. [脊椎] 河马

[ 复数hippopotamuses或hippopotami

vulture ['v?lt??]n. 秃鹰，秃鹫；贪婪的人

reindeer ['rein'di?]n. [脊椎][畜牧] 驯鹿

beaver ['bi:v?]n. 海狸；海狸皮毛

eager beaver做事非常卖力气的人，做事勤奋的人（特别指做事过于卖力气以讨好上司的人）skunk [sk??k]n. 臭鼬；臭鼬毛皮；讨厌鬼；卑鄙的人

vt. 使惨败；欺骗

antelope ['?ntil?up]n. 羚羊；羚羊皮革

tibetan antelope藏羚羊

kangaroo [,k?nɡ?'ru:]n. 袋鼠

kangaroo island n. 袋鼠岛（澳大利亚岛，等于坎加鲁岛）

leopard ['lep?d]n. 豹；美洲豹

snow leopard雪豹

clouded leopard云豹

leopard cat豹猫

hedgehog ['hed?h?ɡ]n. 刺猬

parrot ['p?r?t]vt. 机械地模仿

n. 鹦鹉；学舌者，应声虫；机械模仿别人的人

mole [m?ul]n. 鼹鼠；痣；防波堤；胎块

mole rat [动]鼹形鼠

outgrow [,aut'ɡr?u]vt. 过大而不适于；出生；长大成熟而不再

outwit [,aut'wit]vt. 瞒骗；以智取胜

[ 过去式outwitted过去分词outwitted现在分词outwitting]

cyanide ['sai?,naid]n. [无化] 氰化物

sodium cyanide n. 氰化钠

pota ssium cyanide氰化钾

hydrogen cyanide氰化氢

cyanide ion氰离子；氰根离子

dam [d?m]v. 控制；筑坝

n. [水利] 水坝；障碍；母兽

[ 过去式dammed过去分词dammed现在分词damming] arch dam拱坝，拱形坝

dam body坝体；坝身

dam foundation坝基

gravity dam重力坝

three gorges dam三峡大坝

bullet cartridge子弹盒

retrieve [ri'tri:v]vt. [计] 检索；恢复；重新得到

vi. 找回猎物

n. [计] 检索；恢复，取回

retrieve data检索数据

beyond retrieve不可恢复；不可挽回

retriever [ri'tri:v?]n. （训练成能寻回猎物的）猎犬；取回的人golden retriever金毛猎犬

labrador retriever拉布拉多寻回犬（犬种）

pigeon ['pid?in]n. 鸽子

carrier pigeon信鸽

homing pigeon n. 信鸽，传信鸽

young pigeon乳鸽

英语泛读教程3 课文翻译

UNIT 2 英国人的谨慎和礼貌 在许多人看来，英国人极为礼貌，同他们交朋友很难。但愿下列文字能够帮助你更好地了解英国人的性格特点。 对于其他欧洲人来说，英国人最著名的特点是“谨慎”。一个谨慎的人不太会和陌生人聊天，不会流露出太多的情感，并且很少会兴奋。要了解一个谨慎的人并非易事；他从不告诉你有关他自己的任何事，也许你和他工作了几年，却连他住在哪儿，有几个孩子，兴趣是什么，都不知道。英国人就有类似的倾向。如果乘公共汽车去旅行，他们会尽量找一个没人坐的位子；如果是乘火车，他们会找一个没人的单间。如果他们不得不与陌生人共用一个单间时，那么即使火车驶出了很多英里，他们也不会开口交谈。一旦谈起来的话，他们不会轻易问及像“你几岁？”或者甚至“你叫什么名字？”等私人问题。像“你的手表是在哪儿买的？”或者“你的收入是多少？”这样的问题几乎不可想象。同样，在英国，人们交谈时一般声音都很轻、很有节制，大声谈话会被视为没有教养。 在某种程度上，不愿意与他人交流是一种不幸的品质，因为它可能会给人造成态度冷淡的印象。而事实上，英国人（也许除了北方人）并不以慷慨和好客而著称。而另一方面，虽然谨慎使他们不易与人沟通,但他们内心还是很有人情味的。如果一个陌生人或外国人友善地将这种隔阂打破那么一会儿，他们可能会满心欢喜。 与英国人的谨慎紧密相连的品质是英国式的谦逊。在内心深处，英国人可能比任何人都高傲，但是当他们与别人相处时，他们十分看重谦逊的品质，至少要表现出谦虚的样子。自我标榜会被认为没有教养。让我们假设，有一个人非常擅长打网球，但如果有人问他是否是个优秀选手时，他很少会说“是”，不然，人们会认为他很高傲。他可能会作出类似这样的回答，“不算太差，”或者“嗯，我非常喜欢网球。”这样的自我贬低是典型的英国式的。而且当这一品质与他们的谨慎混合在一起时，常常形成一种漠然的气氛，这在外国人看来难于理解，甚至令人恼火。 著名的英国人的幽默感也是大同小异。它的出发点是自我贬低，它的最大对手是高傲，它的理想境界是自嘲的能力——嘲笑自己的错误、自己的失败和窘境，甚至自己的理想。在英国，人们非常看重幽默感，常常能听到“他一点幽默感都没有”这样的批评。幽默感是一种对生活的态度而并非仅仅是开玩笑的能力。这种态度决非残酷、不敬或是怀有恶意的。英国人不会嘲笑一个跛子或者疯子，也不会嘲笑一个悲剧或者一次可敬的失败。同情心或者对艺术技巧的崇敬比嘲笑的份量重得多。 同幽默感一样，运动员精神是英国式的理想，这一点并非所有的英国人都做得到。必须认识到，现代形式的运动几乎都是英国人发明的。拳击、英式足球、网球以及板球都是在英国首次组织并且制定出规则的。规则是运动的精髓，运动员精神是指按照规则从事体育运动的能力，同时也表现在对对手的慷慨大度，以及失败后的良好心态。此外，运动员精神作为一种理想模式也普遍适用于日常生活。其中最基本的生活规则之一就是“不打跌倒的人”。换言之，就是不要利用别人的不幸。英国的男孩子常常在相互交往中把这种运动员精神表现得淋漓尽致。 英国人的另一特点就是礼貌。总的来说，英国式的礼貌习惯都不很正式。所有的礼貌都是建立在这样的基本原则之上：为别人着想，同时也认可别人对你的关心。在麻烦别人时，如：从某人前面经过，或者打断某人的谈话，或者向陌生人请教问题时，要先说“对不起”，为给对方带来的不便预先道歉。“抱歉”一词表示对意外打扰或者违反礼仪的歉意。如果有人提出或者暗示某个要求，如：“我可以借你的钢笔吗嘛？”或者“现在几点了？”或者“还有七码的鞋吗？”，而你无法满足这种要求时，也要说“抱歉”而不是“不”。“请原谅？”是用来要求别人重复所说内容时的礼貌说法。在英国，除了在学校，人们在请求发言时，不再用“请”这个词。在国外非常普遍的词组“不，请”，在英国本土听起来却会很别扭。“好

大学英语泛读教程4(第三版)自测Reading Master 1_Test Bank_Unit 12

Unit 12 A Bang for the Buck A. Vocabulary 1. Mr. Scrooge was very ______ with his money so was rarely seen buying anything from the street shops. a. trendy b. frugal c. athletic d. organic 2. My brother loves to buy the latest ______ because he says they are so cool and useful. a. cash b. sources c. surveys d. gadgets 3. The puppies at the city shelter were so cute that we decided to ______ two of them. a. adopt b. survey c. rely on d. account for 4. Some people ______ their yearly bonus to buy expensive products such as large appliances. a. survey b. rely on c. increase d. snap up 5. One ______ of global warming is that the overall temperature of the Earth has risen in the last few decades. a. source b. indicator c. survey d. pocket 6. Companies will often ______ shoppers to ask them about the products they like. a. survey b. source c. indicate d. adopt 7. ______ fruits and vegetables have become increasingly popular since they don’t contain chemicals. a. Trendy b. Frugal c. Cutting-edge d. Organic 8. The newest smartphone uses ______ technology to charge its battery. a. frugal b. cutting-edge c. organic d. athletic B. Grammar 9. As a student you usually need ______ on a small weekly budget. a. get by b. getting by c. to get by d. gets by 10. I’m goi ng to have a small snack ______ me ______ until dinnertime. a. tides / over b. to tide / over c. tided / over d. tiding / over 11. I usually ______ and compare prices before making any large purchases. a. shop around b. shops around c. shopped around d. shopping around 12. If I ______ multi-millionaire I ______ travel around the world in my private jet. a. was / will b. am / would c. were / will d. were / would 13. If I ______ you weren’t feeling well, I would have canceled our date. a. had known b. have known c. were to know d. was to know

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Unit 4 Food(饮食)--- A Food Tour of the United States Task 1: Discussion 1.Do you know some information about regional feature of Chinese food and some specialties in each region? 2.Do you know what the features of American food are? Do you know how many distinct regions are there in U.S? What are they? (the Northeast; the South; the Mountain States; the Southwest states; and ?) 3.* Why American food is regional in character? (The U.S has a large area. Each place has their unique geographical and climatic condition, so it produces unique food materials, such as the Northeast which borders sea, river and lake is rich in seafood and the Mountain states produce wild games. The similar rule can also be applied in self-cultivation, running a company and governing a country: to find out our own unique talent, our strength; the more loca/nationall, the more international.) Reading- skill questions about the text: 1.What’s text-type? (narration, description, exposition, or argumentation) 2.What’s th e topic and main idea of the text? (Reading skill: distinguish /obtain main idea and discourse topic quickly and efficiently) Topic: food Main idea: American cooking is regional in character./ one feature of American cooking is variety. 3.Which is the topic sentence in Para.1, sentence 1 or sentence 2? Why? 4.Para2.: guess the meaning of the unfamiliar word “ hearty” in “Mixed in an iron pot and …….” (hearty: [attrib]large; eg. eat a hearty breakfast 丰盛的；have a hearty appetite 胃口很好) Task 2 1.Analyzing different types of reading comprehension questions: Q1: testing skimming skills--- to obtain main idea quickly and efficiently Reading strategy/solution: 文体判断为说明文，顾第一段为重要 Q2-8: testing scanning skills--- to find some key words or phrases; figures, percentages quickly Homework: discussion Why do many people want to go into business for themselves rather than work for an already existing organization? What’s the attraction? To be a manager or leader of a company, what are some of the qualities do you think he or she should have? Reading skill testing: 1．He put his milk in a pouch made from a sheep stomach and set off across the desert. What is the meaning of the word “Pouch”? (C) A. milk B. desert C. a container D. a stomach 2．The movement of his camel, the desert heat, and the chemicals in the pouch made the milk separate into curd and whey. The thick part, or curd , was the first cheese. What is the meaning of the word “curd”? A. the camel B. the thick part of the milk C. desert heat D. milk

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