全新版大学英语综合教程4【第二版】完整版课后答案

全新版大学英语综合教程4【第二版】习题答案

主编：荫华

外语教育

Unit 1

Part II Text A

lexf Organization

Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas

Part One Paras 1-2 Introduction — Both Napoleon's and Hitler's

military campaigns failed because of the

severity of the Russian winter.

Part Two Paras 3-11 Napoleon's military campaign against Russia Part Three Paras 12-20 Hitler's military campaign against the Soviet Union

Part Four Para 21 Conclusion—the elements of nature must be

rekoned with in any military campaign.

2.

Sections Paragraphs Main Ideas

Section One Paras 12-13 Hitler's blitzkrieg against Russia and Stalin's

scorched earth policy

Section Two Paras 14-18 the battles fought at Leningrad, Moscow and

Stalingrad Section Three Paras 19-20 the

Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of

the war

Vocabulary

I. 1. 1) alliance 2) at the cost of

3) stroke 4) limp

5) minus 6) regions

7) declarations 8) siege

9) raw 10) bide his time

11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of

2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down

3) is pressing on / pressed on4) drag on

5) get by 6) dine out

7) have cut back 8) get through

3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer

in the nearfuture.

2)Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the

delayed arrival ofraw materials due to the dock workers’ strike

3)Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should

never get in the way ofher career.

4) Obviously the reporter's question caught the foreign minister off

guard.

5)The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide

rule out of date /obso lete.

4.1) Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to

give up theoccupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and

mountainous regions to build upour bases.

2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization.

Failure to reckon with this problem will weaken its strength. In many cases,work may be brought to a halt byconstant internal struggle in an organization.

3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive

victory againstthe Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching

a series of counterattacks.

II.More Synonyms in Context

1)During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast

areas. Some of themost dramatic fighting took place inthe gloomy

trenches of France and Belgium.

2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts

/ homework paid off.

3) I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but

he turned a deaf ear to all my words.

4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her

fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.

III. Usage

1) But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate

good health.

2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew anything

about it.

3) It's said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work

4) Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get

burned, especially if you fall asleep.

5) In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.

6) Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes. Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze

(A)

1. invasion

2. stand in the way

3. Conquest

4. catching... off his guard

5. launching

6. declaration

7. campaign 8. drag on

9. reckon with 10. bringing...to a halt

(B)

1. allow

2. reckoned

3. highly

4. forecasts

5. rapidly

6. instant

7. delivery 8. advantage

9. observing 10. Powerful

II. Translation

1. Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn

harvest in on thefarm.

2. We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most

sophisticated weapons.

3. Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting

increasingly desperate.

4. Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his

judgment.

5. Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the

village neighborhoodcommittee decided to close it down at the cost of

100 jobs.

The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained

much ground. Ourtroops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with

strong/fierce/stiff resistance. Thedivision commander instructed our

battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack.

To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us wereafraid

we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take

a

gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped

to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught

off guard, soon surrendered.

Unit 2Text A

Vocabulary

I. 1. 1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4) take control of

5) hazards 6) satellite 7) vibrated 8) magnetic

9) bunched 10) in the air 11) got/was stuckin

12) approximately

2. 1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in

on

5) starting up 6) went through 7) fill out 8) fall into

3. 1)… incorporates all the latest safety features

2) …two trees ten feet apart

3) … awarding lucrative contracts to his construction site

4) … the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make

the cars.

5) … are correlated in all racial groups

4.1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to

2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency

3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazard

II. Word Formation

Clipped Words Blends

Kilo kilogram Medicare medical care

Memo memorandum email electronic mail

gym gymnasium comsat communications satellite lib liberation newscast news broadcast

doc doctor skyjack sky hijack

vet veterinarian Eurodollar European dollar

prep preparatory brunch breakfast and lunch

auto automobile telecast television broadcast

flu influenza Oxbridge Oxford and Cambridge

III.1. swimming pool 2. drawing board 3. enriched Middle English 4.

disturbing change 5. fully developed prototype 6. Canned foods 7.

working population 8. puzzling differences Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze

1.

1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5)hazards 6)

monotonous 7) take control of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate

12) eliminate 13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor 2.

1) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled 5) opportunities

6) overall 7) manufacturing 8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalities II. Translation

1．

1) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of

artillery in the distance.

2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing

a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social

problem.

3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely

correlated with global temperatures.

4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes

recently

5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the

signal from the coach.

2.

Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today

the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting

satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.

Unit 3 Text A

Content questions

1. He runs a manufacturing company.

2. Almost all of them were no.

3. This applicant was ill prepared for the job he was applying for and

therefore ill qualified.

4. Prepare to win.

5. They now have to switch jobs frequently.

6. A 90-year-old tennis player who wanted to work on his weakness --

backhand court.

7. Believing in yourself, even when no one else does.

8. Because he will mention a cab driver who is different.

9. His efforts to make a difference.

10.He was offered a ride on a day when Minnesota was hit with one of the

worst snowstorms in years and the international airport there was

closed for the first time in decades.

11. Because there were no tracks left in the snow, which means he was

the first person to take off from there.

12 Carlson was excited about being first, which is exactly what the writer

recommends to job applicants.

Text Organization

1.

Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas

Part One Paras 1- 6 An ill-prepared college graduate failed

his interview.

Part Two Paras 7-27 Four pieces of advice on being a successful

interviewee.

Part Three Paras 28-31 Make your own tracks in whatever you do.

2.

Suggestions Examples

1) Prepare to win. 1) Michael Jordan

2) Never stop learning. 2) a 90-year-old tennis

player

3) Believe in yourself,even when no one else does 3) the four-minute mile,

the New York

Marathon and the

Vietnam veteran.

4) Find a way to make a difference. 4) a New York cabdriver. Language Sense Enhancement

1.

(1) checked with (2) interview (3) grill (4) clippings (5) be right for (6) follow up (7) indicating （8）hand-delivered (9) prepared (10) prospective

Language Focus

I. 1.

1) rude 2) physically 3) structure 4) made a difference 5) blurted (out) 6) chuckling 7) measurable 8) prospective 9) preparations 10) sparkled 11) took a crack at 12) partner

2.

1) go after 2) look back at/on 3) be put up 4) stood for 5) build in 6) follow up 7) be hooked up to 8) closed up

3.

1) grilled her about where she had been all night

2) beyond Cinderella's wildest dreams that she could one day dance in the

Ki ng’s palace

3) will be in readers’ hands soon

4) do your homework before going on an interview.

5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.

4.

1）applicants,veteran, the prospective

2）From his standpoint,has made every endeavor to go after

3) as the saying goes, to have a crack at, barely

II. Words with Multiple Meanings

1. behave

2. used to avoid repetition

3. Clean

4. get along

5. perform/complete

6. perform/complete

7. study

8. be enough

9. be

acceptable

III. Usage

1. There is so much to say a nd it is hard to know where to begin. OK, I’ll

talk about myself first.

2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way,

I have something here for you.

3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who

can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage?

4. I’m going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes.

By the way, I will see you in February, as I plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai.

5. OK, you got the job. Now, how to maximize your profits with as little

effort as possible?

6. Chris is back from Australia. Incidentally, those pictures you sent me

are wonderful.

Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze

1.

(1) prospective (2) As I see it (3) done your homework (4) beforehand (5) endeavor (6) structure (7) partners (8) Respond(9) take a crack (10) from the standpoint (11) make a difference (12) follow up