课堂笔记第二册翻译和作文参考答案打印版
2.1
3. Translation
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate the following passage from Chinese into English.
对于中国人来说，婚礼是人一生中一个十分重要的大礼，历来人们都十分重视。中国传统的婚礼仪式总以红色增添喜庆、热烈的气氛。“红”在中国人心目中是喜庆、成功、吉利和兴旺发达的象征。现在，中式婚礼已经在很大程度上受到西方婚礼的影响。当今中国的年轻人已经把婚礼演变成张显个性的平台，体现人们对婚姻内涵和文化的一种新的参透。
To Chinese people, a wedding, which has been highly valued all along, is a significant ceremony in heir lifetime. At a traditional Chinese wedding, red is always used to enhance joy and hotness. In Chinese people’s eyes, red is a symbol of joy, success, good luck and prosperity. Nowadays, Chinese-style weddings have been affected to a large extent by western weddings. Today’s young people in China have refashioned a wedding into a personality-displaying platform, which embodies new insights into the wedding’s connotation and culture.
4. Writing.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On New Words Prevailing online. Please write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1) 举例说明网络新词很流行2) 人们的不同态度3）我的观点
Nowadays, the Internet is flooded with a v ariety of new words, such as “beiju,,”“geili” and so forth. While well-received by lots of people, such phenomenon is also widely criticized.
Those who are keen on new Internet words find it very interesting and humorous to add fashionable words to their online or daily communication. Furthermore, they believe that new Internet words enrich their vocabulary and expressions, which is in line with modern people’s pur suit of novelty and innovation.
Others maintain that those new words are misleading, for it might confuse the younger generation in terms of language study and usage. In fact, with frequent appearance of those words, children tend to be misguided to use them on formal occasions, which is unacceptable currently. Besides, generation gap between parents and children may be widened because children tend to communicate with peers who use the same language rather than with their parents.
As a college student, I consider that the emergence of that news is an irresistible trend. Nevertheless, we should be aware that they can only be applied on casual occasions.
2.3
3. Translation
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate the following passage from Chinese into English.
中国幅员辽阔，各地景色、气候差异很大。春秋两季，你可以去北京游览万里长城和故宫，品尝正宗的北京烤鸭和涮羊肉。冬季你若怕冷，可以到没有酷暑和严冬的“春城”——昆明，那里有引人入胜的石林和滇池，还可以到西双版纳欣赏亚热带风光。没有见过冰雪的港澳同胞，不妨去哈尔滨，那里有冰雪的世界，可以观雪景、看冰灯和滑雪。
China is a vast land with great contrasts in landscape and climate. In spring and autumn, you can go to Beijing to make a tour of the spectacular Great Wall and the Forbidden City, have a taste of Beijing roast duck and instant-boiled mutton. If you dislike the cold in winter, you can visit Kunming, a Springlike City known for its year-round spring weather, where the Stone Forest and the Dianchi Lake may fascinate you. You can also go to Xishuang Banna to enjoy subtropical scenery. Those who have never seen any ice or snow in Hong Kong or Macao may as well go to Harbin. That is a city of snow and ice where they can appreciate the snow-covered landscape, watch the ice lanterns and go skiing.
4. Writing.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should We Live together with Our Parents after Marriage? Please write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1) 现在许多年轻人结婚后不愿与父母一起居住
2) 为什么
Nowadays, there is a tendency that many young people are unwilling to live together with their own parents after marriage. Why?
There might be several reasons for this phenomenon. To start with, living separately from their parents helps avoid possible quarrels and conflicts which tend to arise due to different personalities and habits. As we know, mothers-in-law and
daughters-in-law have great difficulty getting on well with each other in China. Furthermore, many young people long for their own free life without interference from their parents. It is true that some parents like to make all the decisions for their children. Of course, the effect of foreign cultures may also account for it.
As far as I am personally concerned, it does not matter whether young people live with our parents after marriage. What really counts is to have a harmonious family where all members love one another and respect one another.
2.5
3. Translation
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate the following passage from Chinese into English.
长城是古代中国为抵御北方游牧部落侵袭而修筑的规模浩大的系列防御工程。现存的长城遗迹主要为始建于14世纪的明长城，西起嘉峪关，东至鸭绿江畔。长城是我国古代劳动人民创造的最伟大的奇迹，是中国悠久历史的见证。与天安门、兵马俑一起，长城被视为中国的象征。如今长城已失去了它的军事用途，成为了举世闻名的旅游胜地。
The Great Wall is a series of enormous projects constructed by Ancient China to defend against invasions from the northern nomadic groups. The Great Wall of today is mainly the relics of the Ming-dynasty Great Wall which started to be built in the 1300s. It meanders (for 6,700 kilometers) from Jiayu Pass in the west to the Yalu River in the east. The Great Wall, the greatest wonder worked by ancient Chinese people, is evidence of the long history of China. Together with Tiananmen and Terracotta Warriors, it is seen as a symbol of China. Now, it has become a world-renowned tourist attraction without any former military uses.
4. Writing.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “You have to do your own growing no matter how tall your grandfather was.” You can cite examples to illustrate your point You should write at least 120 words .
The Importance of Being Independent
Currently, there are some youngsters who tend to rely on their family background whatever they do. As far as I am concerned, they will end up being candidates for failure, for “you have to do your own growing no matter how tall your father or grandfather was.”
It is true that successful relatives or friends might be a precious asset for us, with which we may be in a good position to have a huge advantage over others, especially in business. Nevertheless, we can’t imagine that those who only resort to dependence on others can be winners in the long run. Without any doubt, it is independence that plays a vital role in our growth. In a society where competition is increasingly fierce, only an independent person can be armed with capabilities for standing up to challenges in life.
To sum up, our promising future is not decided by our family background but by the efforts we make. So, instead of counting on the possible edges deriving from our fathers or grandfathers, we ought to learn to stand on our own feet from an early age.
2.6
3. Translation
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate the following passage from Chinese into English.
庙会是随着佛教和道教活动的发展而出现的。它是一种群众聚集，综合了宗教崇拜、娱乐和商业活动。北京的庙会历史悠久，特别是在明清时期和民国时期很兴旺。在春节时期，庙会是最重要的活动之一，也是最具有中国民间艺术特色的传统文化活动。传统的庙会上，你可以观看各种表演，买到传统工艺品，以品尝许多种当地小吃。对于外国人来说，庙会无疑是一种文化体验，因为它从非常详细的角度展现了中国文化。
The temple fairs, originated along with the development of Buddhist and Taoist activities, is a kind of mass gathering that integrate religious worship, entertainment and commerce. Temple fairs in Beijing have a very long history, and saw a boom especially during the Ming and Qing dynasties as well as the Republic of China. During the Spring Festival, the temple fair is one of the most significant activities and a traditional cultural event that features all kinds of Chinese folk art. At a traditional temple fair, you can watch performances, buy traditional art crafts and taste a variety of local snacks. For foreigners, the temple fair is definitely a cultural experience, because it airs Chinese culture from a very detailed perspective.
4. Writing.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Cosmetic Surgery. Please write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.:1) 现在，不少人整容2) 对此，人们看法不同3）我认为......
In recent years, an increasing number of people, young girls in particular, have made op their mind to take cosmetic surgery. Heated debate has been generated thereby as to whether cosmetic surgery should be done or not.
Some people are in favor of the idea of taking cosmetic surgery as they believe that cosmetic surgery is an effective measure in helping people to become better-looking and more confident. However, other people stand on a different ground. These people claim that cosmetic surgery may bring about many severe side effects, so they should be not encouraged.
As far as I am concerned, I oppose to people’s taking cosmetic surgery. Firstly, it costs too much to do a cosmetic surgery. Secondly, if the surgery is unsuccessful, it will become a lifelong pain. Thirdly, we should realize what matters is our ability or personality instead of our appearance. All in all, it is not advisable for people to take cosmetic surgery.
2.7
3. Translation
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate the following passage from Chinese into English.
彩灯，又名花灯，是中国普遍流行的传统民间综合性工艺品。彩灯过去一般由竹、木、红色丝绸、布料、纸张等材料做成。随着新技术、新工艺用于彩灯的设计制作，彩灯艺术得到了更大的发展。在春节和元宵节，人们往往在门前挂上红灯笼，以装饰房屋，增加节日喜气。一些城市还举办大型的灯会吸引游客。
Colored lanterns, also called festive lanterns, are popular traditional comprehensive crafts of China.They used to be made of bamboo, wood, red silk, cloth, paper and other materials.As new technology is used in their design and process, colored lanterns have enjoyed greater boom. During the Spring Festival and the Lantern Festival, people tend to hang red lanterns in front of doors to decorate houses and enhance joyous atmosphere. Large-scale lantern shows are held in some cities to attract many tourists.
4. Writing.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay of 120-150 words based on the following drawing. In this essay you should 1) describe the drawing briefly 2) explain its intended meaning, and 3) give your comments
Anyone who sees the drawing might be deeply impressed. As is vividly shown in this drawing, two men react in completely opposite ways when faced with an overturned bottle of wine. One man is very sad thinking that everything is over, while the other smiles at it saying that it is lucky that there is still a little left.
Numerous facts have demonstrated that positive attitudes tend to play a vital role in many aspects. If we feel dispirited and pessimistic about life, troubles will be liable to be everywhere and the odds of failure will multiply. Conversely, those who keep positive or optimistic attitudes are better equipped to find solutions to any tough problems they encounter.
In my point of view, it is beyond all doubt that we are bound to meet with hardships, difficulties or challenges on the way to success. So, it is advisable to maintain a positive attitude in face of great frustration or setbacks. Never give up and remember attitudes make everything.
2.9
3. Translation
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate the following passage from Chinese into English.
国务院周一印发促进新能源汽车发展的指导意见，强调充电设施建设和消除地方保护主义。在25条具体政策措施中，有七条旨在通过城市规划，用电价格，和技术改造来完善充电设施。指导意见说，公共部门将率先使用新能源汽车。2014年9月1日起至2017年12月31日，政府将免征纯电动、插电式混合动力和燃料电池三类新能源汽车车辆购置税。目前，缺乏充电设施是购买新能源汽车消费者的主要顾虑之一。
On Monday the State Council issued a guideline to promote new energy vehicles, highlighting construction of charging facilities and elimination of local protectionism. Among the 25 specific policies, seven aim to improve charging facilities through urban planning, electricity prices and technological improvement. The public sector will take the lead in using new energy vehicles, the guideline said. From September 1, 2014 to December 31, 2017, the government will exempt auto-purchase taxes of all electric cars, plug-in hybrids and fuel-cell vehicles. Now, a lack of charging facilities is one of the main worries for the new energy vehicle buyers.
4. Writing.
Directions: Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views. You should write at least 120 words .
Here is a picture drawn of a librarian telling a student to find the book entitled How to Do well in School without Studying in the fiction section. In a humorous manner, the cartoonist conveys a clear message that success is no more than a daydream unless you are diligent.
P eople’s view s differ widely concerning the importance of diligence. Some individuals live under the illusion that they can achieve success without hard work. There is no denying that they are bound to be losers in their study or life. Conversely, many others believe that there is no free lunch in the world. They devote sustained perspiration to what they are doing in order to be successful. To take just one example, it is due to his brilliance, drive and competitiveness that Bill Gates has conquered the world of operating system and application software.
No pains, no gains. So significant is diligence that we should never place too much emphasis on it. Hence, as college students, it is a must for us to treasure precious time and concentrate on our study. Only by being equipped with broad knowledge and practical skills can we enjoy a rosy future.
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考研英语必背阅读文章(含翻译)
1996 Text3 In the last half of the nineteenth century “capital” and “labour” were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers. The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. All through the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the world’s movement towards industrializa tion. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders’ me eting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand “shareholding” meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilization. The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the l ives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away. Indeed the mere size of operations and the numbers of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other’s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.
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英文翻译成中文
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英语作文和翻译答案
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2013 考研英语二文章翻译
完型 鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入无现金社会,实现完全电子支付。然而，真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来。事实上,这样的预测已经出现二十年了,但迄今还没有实现。例如, 1975 年《商业周刊》预测电子支付手段不久将“彻底改变货币本身的定义”，并将在数年后颠覆货币本身。为何人们进入无现金社会的速度如此缓慢呢？ 尽管电子支付手段可能比纸币支付方式更加高效，然而以下几个方面解释了纸币系统“不会”消失的原因。第一，使电子货币成为最主要的支付方式必须的设备包括电脑、读卡器和电信网络，而安装这些设备价格昂贵。第二，纸质支票有提供收据这一优势，这是消费者不愿放弃的。第三，使用纸质支票可以让开票人多几天让钱“悬浮”在帐户里，对方得花上几天才能凭支票取现，这也就是意味着开票方又多赚了几天利息钱。而由于电子支票是即时的，因此也就没有这种优势。第四，电子支付方式还有可能存在安全和隐私隐患。 我们曾多次听到媒体报道说某个非法黑客入侵了用户的数据库并且篡改了里面的信息。这种情况时有发生，这也意味着别有用心之人可能侵入电子支付系统，盗取别人的银行帐号而盗款成功。要防止这类诈骗并非易事，正在研发新的电脑科学领域来处理该类安全问题。此外，人们对于电子支付方式的担忧在于进行电子交易之后所留下的包含个人信息的痕迹。人们担心政府部门，雇员和市场营销人员会看到这些数据，侵犯个人隐私。 Text1 在一篇名为(entitled)《成功（make it）在美国》的文章中，作者亚当·戴维森讲述(relate)了这样一个源自棉花出产国的笑话，笑话是关于现代纺织(textile)作坊(mill)已高度自动化(automate)：现如今，一家普通作坊里只有两名员工，“一个人和一条狗，人在作坊里是为了喂狗，狗在作坊里是为了使人远离(away from)机器。”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reaso n we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which a re more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers. 最近出现了很多(a number of)类似戴维森所写的文章，它们都表明了这样一种看法(make a point)：之所以失业人数(unemployment)居高难下(stubbornly high)和中产阶级(middle-class)收入(income)持续下降，原因是全球化与信息技术革命已经取得了诸多进步，它们使得机器和国外员工在取代(replace .. with)本国劳动力(labor)方面比以往任何时候都要迅速。 以往，具有一般技术、从事一般工作的员工可以赚得(earn)普通的生活。但现如今，普通人才正式地过时了(officially)。继续普通无法再让你过上以前的生活，其原因是当下更多的雇主可以用(have access to)比普通还要低廉的价格，来雇佣国外员工，购买机器人(robotics)和软件(software)，实现自动化(automation)，获得天才(genus)。因此，每个人都需要挖掘身上额外的东西-来让他们做出独特的、有价值的贡献，这种贡献会让他们脱颖而出(stand out), 不管他们身处什么工作领域(field of employment)。 确实，新科技在过去、现在和将来都在“吞噬”工作岗位，但这种“吞噬”速度已经提高了。正如戴维森所指出(note)：“（美国）工厂裁员(shed workers)速度是如此之快，以至于从1999到2009十年间裁员人数超过了之前70年新增员工人数的总和；大约有1/3的制造业工作岗位——总约600万——消失了。 未来，改变会一直存在——新工作、新产品和新服务。但我们肯定(know for sure)的一件事情是：随着全球化和信息技术革命所取得的每一个进步，那些最好的工作都将需要劳动者们接受更多、更好的教育，以使他们优于普通员工。 生活在普通人才已正式过时的世界中，我们有很多的事情需要做来扶持就业(employment)，但其中最重要的是为21世纪通过某种“士兵教育促就业法案（于1944年通
英语论文翻译要求
英文论文翻译 英文论文翻译 一，英文题名的翻译 1 题名的结构 英文题名以短语为主要形式，尤以名词短语(nounphrase)最常见，即题名基本上由1个或几个名词加上其前置和(或)后置定语构成。短语型题名短语型题名要确定好中心词，再进行前后修饰。各短语型题名个词的顺序很重要，词序不当，会导致表达不准。题名一般不应是陈述句，因为题名主要起标示作用，而陈述句容易使题名具有判断式的语义；且陈述句不够精练和醒目，重点也不易突出。少数情况(评述性，综述性和驳斥性)下可以用疑问句做题名，疑问句可有探讨性语气，易引起读者兴趣。 题名的字数题名不应过长。国外科技期刊一般对题名字数有所限制。例如，美国医学会规定题名不超过2行，每行不超过42个印刷符号和空格；英国数学会要求题名不超过12个词。总的原则是，题名应确切，简练，醒目题名应确切，题名应确切简练，醒目，在能准确反映论文特定内容的前提下，题名词数越少越好。 2 中英文题名的一致性翻译 同一篇论文，其英文题名与中文题名内容上应一致，但不等于说词语要一一对应。在许多情况下，个别非实质性的词可以省略或变动。 3 题名中的冠词的翻译 科技论文题名中的冠词简化冠词有简化冠词简化的趋势，凡可用可不用的冠词均可不用。 4 题名中的大小写翻译 题名字母的大小写有以下3种格式: 5 全部字母大写翻译； 每个词的首字母大写，但3个或4个字母以下的冠词，连词，介词全部小写； 题名第1个词的首字母大写，其余字母均小写。 6 题名中的缩略词语翻译 已得到整个科技界或本行业科技人员公认的缩略词语，才可用于题名中，否则不要轻易使用。 二，作者与作者单位的英译 作者:中国人名按汉语拼音拼写 单位:单位名称要写全(由小到大)，并附地址和邮政编码，确保联系方便。 三，英文论文翻译中英文摘要翻译 1 英文摘要的时态: 英文摘要时态的运用也以简练为佳。 一般现在时:用于说明研究目的，叙述研究内容，描述结果，得出结论，提出建议或讨论等；涉及到公认事实，自然规律，永恒真理等，也要用一般现在时。 一般过去时:用于叙述过去某一时刻的发现，某一研究过程(实验，观察，调查，医疗等过程)。用一般过去时描述的发现，现象，往往是尚不能确认为自然规律，永恒真理，只是当时情况；所描述的研究过程也明显带有过去时间的痕迹。 现在完成时和过去完成时:完成时少用完成时少用。现在完成时把过去发生的或过去已完成的事情完成时少用与现在联系起来，而过去完成时可用来表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的事情，或在一个过去事情完成之前就已完成的另一过去行为。 2 英文论文翻译中英文摘要的语态: 采用何种语态，既要考虑摘要的特点，又要满足表达的需要。一篇摘要很短，尽量不要随便混用，更不要在一个句子里混用。 主动语态:摘要中谓语动词采用主动语态，有助于文字简洁，表达有力。 被动语态:以前强调多用被动语态，理由是科技论文主要是说明事实经过，至于那件事