被动语态翻译练习

被动语态翻译练习

I. 请按照课上学到的方法翻译下列句子：

1. However, care needs to be taken to ensure that this feedback is itself not too loud or distracting.

【译】不过，这里也要小心处理声音的大小，要确保反馈声音的音量不能太大或者产生干扰。

2. A lot of attention was paid to Michael Jordan 's retirement from the National Basketball Association. There were endless television replays of his leaping and twisting shots .

【译】迈克尔·乔丹从美国国家篮球协会退役一事引起了人们的极大关注，他的跳跃和转体跳投的镜头在电视上无休无止地回放着。

3. Proper account should be taken of confidential business information.

【译】对于商业机密的信息，须做适当的考虑。

4. Amazon 's warehouses are stocked with 4.4 million yards of ribbon and 7.8 million sq . ft. of wrapping paper .

【译】亚马逊各地的仓库存放着440万码包装袋，780平方英尺包装纸。

5. These old-style cartoons would not apply today--apart from being present at the birth itself , fathers are encouraged to spend time with the mother and baby , and babies are usually kept with the mother as opposed to being placed in a nursery elsewhere.

【译】这些旧式的漫画如今不适用了，且不说分娩时让父亲们在场，还鼓励她们与母亲和婴儿待在一起，婴儿通常也与母亲在一起，而不是放在别处的婴儿。

6. To provide this global Internet research service , panelists are being recruited worldwide to agree to be monitored by the service , and to provide survey results for businesses which want to target consumers through the Internet .

【译】为了提供这项全球因特网研究服务，公司正在全世界招募研究小组成员，他们需同意接受检测并为那些想通过因特网捕捉消费者的商家提供调查结果。

7. Both technologies are being explored now, but both are still in the beginning stages of development.

【译】两种技术现在都在探索中，但都还处于初步开发阶段。

II. 请翻译下列段落：

1. To be really happy and really safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they must all be real. It is no use starting late in life to say: “I will take an interest in this or that.” Such an attempt only aggravates the strain of mental effort. A man may acquire great knowledge of topics unconnected with his daily work, and yet hardly get any benefit or relief. It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do. 【译】要想真正生活得幸福和平安，一个人至少应该有两三种业余爱好，而且必须是真正的爱好。到了晚年才开始说“我要培养这个或那个兴趣”是毫无用处的。这种尝试只会增加精神上的负担。在与自己日常工作无关的领域中，一个人可以获得渊博的知识，但却很难有所收益或得到放松。不能爱哪行才干哪行,要干哪行爱哪行。

2. Broadly speaking, human being may be divided into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to death. It is no use offering the manual laborer, tired out with a hard week’s sweat and effort, the chance of playing a game of football or baseball on Saturday afternoon. It is no use inviting the politician or the professional or business man, who has been working or worrying about serious things for six days, to work or worry about trifling things at the weekend.

【译】从广义上说，人可以分为三类：劳累致死的人、忧虑而死的人和无聊到死的人。一周辛苦的工作使他们精疲力竭，因此周六下午给他们提供踢足球或者打棒球的机会是没有意义的。对于政界人士、专业人士或者商人，他们已经为棘手的事务操劳或者烦恼了六天，因此在周末请他们为琐事劳神同样毫无意义。

3. It may also be said that rational, industrious, useful human beings are divided into two classes: first, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure; and secondly, those whose work and pleasure are one. Of these the former are the majority. They have their compensations. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms. But Fortune’s favored children belong to the second class. Their life is a natural harmony. For them the working hours are never long enough. Each day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays when they come are grudged as enforced interruptions in an absorbing vacation.

【译】或者可以这么说，理智的，勤奋的，有用的人可以分为两类：对于第一种人来说，工作是工作，娱乐是娱乐；对于第二类人来说，工作和娱乐混为一体。大部分人都属于前者。他们可以得到相应的补偿。长时间在办公室或是工厂工作，不仅带给他们维持生计的金钱，还带给他们一种渴望娱乐的强烈欲望，哪怕这种娱乐消遣是以最简单、最淳朴的方式进行的。而第二类人则是命运的宠儿。他们的生活自然而和谐。对于他们来说，工作时间永远都不够长。每一天都是假期，而当正常的假日到来时，他们会抱怨自己有趣的休假被强行中断。

4. Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential. Indeed, it may well be that those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds.

【译】然而，有一些东西对于这两类人来说都十分必要，那就是变换一下视角，改变一下氛围，尝试做点不同的事情。事实上，那些把工作看作娱乐的人可能最需要以某种方式将工作不时地驱赶出自己的大脑。

九年级被动语态和翻译句子专项练习题

九年级被动语态和翻译句子专项练习题 一、选择题 ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton（棉花）____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees ____ every year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )8.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ( )9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ( )10.Who _____ this book _____? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written ( )11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us ( )12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump ( )13.The school bag ___ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put ( )14.Older people ____ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after ( )15.Our teacher ______ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened ( )16. Paper first invented in China . A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )17.—Do you like the flower ? — Yes , it sweet . A. is smelling B. smelt C. is smelt D. smells ( )18. It snowed heavily last night . The ground thick snow . A. was covered with B. was filled with C. was made of D. covered with ( )19. The light in the room before you leave . A. must turn of B. will turn off C. are turned D. must be turned off ( )20. A present me by my friend on my birthday . A. is giving B. was given to C. is given for D. will give to ( )21. The trees in our school every Friday afternoon . A. are watered B. are watering C. have watered D. water ( )22 The bridge in three weeks . A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. builds ( )23. His school bag by a woman ten minutes ago . A. took away B. was taken away C. was taken off D. is taken ( )24. Yesterday a visitor something about his hometown . A. was asked B. was asking C. is asked D. asked ( )25. Do you like this kind of paper ? Yes , it very nice .

翻译的基本技巧 被动语态的翻译

翻译的基本技巧——语态转换译法 语态转换译法 1 顺译法 顺译成被动句 顺译成主动句 2 倒译法 把by后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语 把其他介词后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语 倒译成汉语的无主句 3 分译法 一、顺译法 既保留原文的主语，又要使译文主要成分的顺序和原文大体一致的翻译方法就叫顺译法。 1 顺译法 (Translation in Original Order) 1. 1 顺译成被动句 A.译成“被”字 所谓“被”字句，就是在汉语的动词前面加上一个“被”字来表示被动的句子。主要表示这个动作不利于受事者或这个情况有点特殊，或者出乎意料。加上“被”字以引起读者的注意并表示“被”这一动作动作接受者（受事者）是不乐意或不情愿接受的。 例1：Vitamin C is destroyed when it is overheated. 【译文】维生素C受热过度就会被破坏。 例2：Once the flower has been pollinated and fertilized, the plant provides the newly formed seeds with a reserve of food materials, which will be needed when they themselves germinate. 【译文】花一旦被授了粉并受了精，植株就会对新生种子提供养料贮藏，以备种子未来发芽之需。例3：She thought all was fair and legal, and never dreamt she was going to be entrapped into a feigned union with a defrauded wretched, already bound to a bad, mad, and imbruted partner! (Charlotte Bront?: Jane Eyre) 【译文】她以为一切都是公正合法的，做梦也没想到过自己竟会被诱入欺诈婚姻的圈套，跟一个骗子、疯子、十足的坏蛋缔结姻缘。 B. 译成“挨”字句 “挨”仅用于翻译该动作是对动作接受者（受事者）不利或不好的句子。 例1：The boy was criticized yesterday. 【译文】这孩子昨天挨了一顿批评。 例2：I was caught in the downpour. 【译文】我在大雨中挨浇了。 C. 译成“给”字句

英语被动语态的翻译举例

英语被动句的翻译举例 英语被动句翻译为汉语时，应根据具体情况灵活掌握。 1. 用“被”、“由”、“受（到）”、“挨”、“得到”、“给”、“叫……给”、“让……（给）”、 “是……的”、“为……所”、“加以”等译成汉语的被动句。例如： 1）The door was mended by him. 门被他修好了。/ 门叫（让）他给修好了。/ 门是他修的。 2）He was praised（表扬）. But we were criticized（批评；责备）. 3）The machine is used by many people. 这台机器为（被）许多人所使用。 4）The problem must be studied carefully. 这个问题必须仔细加以研究。 2. 借助句中的状语等做主语，译成汉语的主动句。例如： 1）All kinds of drinks are sold in that supermarket. 在那家超市里卖各种各样的饮料。或：那家超市卖各种各样的饮料。 2）Table tennis is played all over China. 中国各地都打乒乓球。 3．按照英语句子的主谓顺序，译成可省“被”字的汉语句。例如： 1）His homework has just been done. 他的家庭作业刚做完。 2）The food has been eaten up. 食物已吃光了。 4．成汉语的无主句。例如： 1）Soon the news was received. 不久就收到了那个消息。也可译为：不久那个消息就收到了。 2）After a while, many people were seen to run out. 过来一会儿，看到许多人跑了出来。 5. 添加“有人”、“人们”、“大家”、“我们”等泛指的主语译成汉语。或译为“据……”。 例如： 1）He was seen to take the book. 有人看见他拿走了那本书。 2）Air is known to be a mixture of gases. 人们（大家，我们）都知道空气是一种气体的混合物。 3）She is said to know nothing about it. 据说她对这件事什么也不知道。 4）It is said that …. 据说…… It is well known that …. 大家知道……；众所周知…… It is believed that …. 有人相信…… It will be said that…. 有人（将）会说…… It was reported that…据报道…… 6. 改译成主动句。例如： 1）A new dress was made for me by my mother. 我妈妈给我做了一条新裙子。 2）I was given many nice presents on my birthday. 在我的生日那天，我收到了许多漂亮的礼物。

被动语态的翻译练习

Translation Exercises: (被动语态的译法) 1. Where were you educated? 2. They were given a warm send-off at the airport. 3. The result will be announced until 6 o?clock. 4. The road is being repaired. 5. The case is being investigated. 6. The troops were being inspected by the president. 7. The little island was occupied in a few hours by the invaders. 8. He is suspected of taking bribery. 9. This sort of advertisement is seen everywhere. 10. You are requested to give us a talk on Japanese culture. 11. New buildings can be seen everywhere in this area. 12. This idea was clearly put forward in the early stage of reform and opening-up, and though some progress has been made in this regard, the total result is not so obvious. 13. Efforts should be made to firmly carry out the basic State policy of family planning. 14. It should be pointed out that the accusations are groundless. 15. It is know to all that these islands have always been under Chinese jurisdiction. 16. The agreement has been widely praised by other Governments, in international organizations and in financial and economic circles. 17. I don?t think it necessary to discuss the details here---that can be done by officials of both our governments. 18. What we say here will not be long remembered. 19. We both believe that through vigilance and strength, in your words, a war can be postponed, and in our words, war can be avoided. 20. In this manner nitrogen can be changed into oxygen. 21. Many basins were formed by the subsidence of the earth?s crust. 22. Yet, only a part of this energy is used by man. 23. The temperature is lowered so that water may be turned into ice. 24. We are brought freedom and happiness by socialism. 25. Products of the factory are well received by the wide customers.

英语翻译技巧第八节 英语被动语态的翻译

第八节英语被动语态的翻译 汉英对比，英语的被动句显然多于汉语，因为英语重视形态（形式），汉语不重视形态，重视语感。如： （1）海水不可斗量。（2）文章总算写好了。说汉语的 人自古以来有一种主体思维方式，认为“成事者必在 人”，施事者“尽在不言之中”。所以很多被动关系不必 一定用“被”字句。 一、被动语态的语义价值 第一、被动语态有强调受事者，将它置于话题(topic)的主位的语用功能。 1).Peter was robbed to pay Paul. Peter was robbed by him to pay Paul. 他偷了彼得的钱去还保尔的债。(他剜肉补疮。） 2).The happy man cannot be harried. 吉人自有天相。 第二、被动语态有承接上句的修辞功能。 3）Many advances in computer technology took place in the twenty years after 1950.They are generally classified into four stages or generations. 第三、被动语态在特定的语境中表达对主语的尊敬或说话者的谦恭。 4)Where can you be reached?

在什么地方可以找到您？（请问您住在什么地方？） 5)When will I be interviewed? 我什么时候来参加面试呢？ 第四、被动语态常用以表示说话者对所提出的话题持有某种客观态度，因而比较委婉。 6)He is said to be the most respected teacher in our Department. 7)It is suggested that each speaker is alloted five minutes. 建议每位发言者讲话不要超过五分钟。 二、被动语态的翻译问题 （一）译成汉语主动句 1、原文中的主语在译文中仍作主语 2、原文中的主语在译文中作宾语 3、译成带表语的主动句“…的是…”或“……是……的” 4、常用被动句型的翻译 5、用“在…下”式（主动式动词+介短） （二）译成汉语被动句 1、“被…”或“给…”“让”“叫” 2、“（遭）受…” 3、“为…所” 4、“加以”“予以”“给以”

被动语态句子翻译类型题

1.据报道，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。 It’s________thataboutthreehundredpeople______________inthisaccident. 2.这个杯子昨天被大维打烂了。 Thecup__________________Davidyesterday. 3.这件外衣是棉制的。 Thecoat__________________cotton. 4.那山顶终年积雪。 Themountain__________________snowallroundtheyear. 5.父亲给他买了一部MP4作为生日礼物。 AMP4_____________________himashisbirthdaypresent. 6.工人们被迫每天工作12小时。 Theworkers____________________________12hoursaday. 7.校运会将在下周三下午举行。 Thesportsmeeting_____________________onWednesdayafternoon. 8.作业应该准时上交。

Ourhomework_____________________inontime. 9.那些书被一个10岁大的女孩写。 Thosebooks_____________________a10-year-oldgirl. 10.那座桥自从两年前已经被建成了。 Thebridge_____________________bytheworkers_______twoyearsago. Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态: 1.WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass. 2.Theywillshowanewfilmnextweek. 3.Whendidtheybuildthehouse 4.Isawtheboyentertheroom. 5.Willtheyshowanewfilmnextweek 6.Havetheypostedtheletteryet 7.Weoftenseehimhelphisclassmate. 8.Youmustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobed. 9.Whoisrepairingthebike 10.Thestudentshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart. II.将下列句子改为被动语态，并根据情况保留或去掉动作的执行者 1.Theywillsaynothingmoreaboutthismatter. 2.Theyhavemadesomeflowersofsilk. 3.Hewroteapoem. 4.Thestudentsareplantingsometreesandflowers. 5.Theyaretoopenupanewbusinessnextweek. 6.Childrencouldn’thavedoneallthisdamage. 7.Allofuswillseehimoffattheairport. 8.Theyfeedthetigersatthezoothreetimesaday. 9.Youmusthandinyourhomeworkbeforefive. 10.Peoplesaythatsheisagoodteacher. Ⅲ.将下列句子改为被动语态。 1.Weoftensingthissong. _______________________________ 2.Hebrokehisleginthematch. _______________________________ 3.Shewillsellherhousesoon.

被动语态的翻译

被动语态翻译 英语中被动语态使用范围很广，凡是在不必或不愿说出或无从说出施动者以及为了便于连贯上下文或者为了强调动作的承受者等场合，往往都用被动语态。英语被动句的翻译主要有以下几种情况： 一、译成汉语主动句。 1．原句中的主语、谓语不变，译文中没有表示被动的标志，如“被、把”字等，形式上是主动句，表达被动意义。例如：Eg. On Practice has been translated into many foreign languages. 《实践论》已译成许多国家的文字。Eg. The whole country was armed in a few days. 几天以内，全国就武装起来了。 2．原句中的主语移到谓语之后，译作宾语。Eg. Another middle school has been set up in our district．我们区又办了一所中学。Eg. 1，200 people had been saved soldiers in the earthquake. 在地震中，战士们已救出1200人。 3．译成带表语的主动句。Eg. The decision to attack was not taken lightly. 进攻的决定不是轻易作出的。Eg. In the old society，women were looked down upon. 在旧社会，妇女们是受歧视的。 4．含主语从句的被动句型译为主动句。以it作形式主语的英语句子，翻译时常要转为主动形式，有时可加上“有人”、“大家”、“我们” 等不确定主语。例如：Eg. It is reported that the enemy has been breeding new strains of killer viruses．据报道敌人正在培育新的杀人病毒。Eg. It is suggested that meeting be put off till next Monday．有人建议会议推迟到下星期一举行。Eg. It is well known that natural light is actually made up of many colours．众所周知，自然光其实是由许多种颜色构成的。 这类句型还有：it is said that... ／It is supposed that...／It must be pointed out that...／It is asserted that...／It is generally considered that... 二、译成汉语被动句 为了强调被动动作或突出施动者时，可以将英语被动句译为汉语被动句。 1．汉语句中有“被”、“遭受”等词。Eg. North China was hit by an unexpected heavy rain，which caused severe flooding．华北地区遭受了一场意外的大雨袭击，引起了严重的水灾。Eg. The window pane was broken by the child. 窗上玻璃被这小孩打碎了。 2．译成“为……所”的结构。Eg. Granny Wang was forced by familv circumstances to enter a knitting mill in Shanghai as a child labourer at the age of twelve. 王大妈为家境所迫，十二岁就到上海一家针织厂作童工。Eg. I was so impressed by these words that I used them later for a Christmas card. 我为这些话所深深感动，后来我就把它们写在圣诞卡上了。三、译成“招”、“使”和“由”字句 Eg. The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire. 大火使这家著名的旅馆几乎全部毁坏。Eg. The plan is going to be examined first by the research group. 计划将先由研究小组加以研究。Eg. By evening the occupation was complete，and the people were chased off the streets by an eight o'clock curfew. 至傍晚，占领已告完成八点钟开始的宵禁把人们从街上赶回家。四、译成无主语句 Eg. Some measures must be taken to control the water pollution. 必须采取某些措施来控制水污染。Eg. Methods are found to take these materials out of the rubbish and use them again. 现在已经找到了从垃圾中提取这些材料并加以利用的方法。 综上所述，英语被动句多数情况下译成汉语的主动句，只有在特别强调被动动作或特别突出被动句才译成汉语被动句。我们要选一种既符合汉语习惯，又保持上下文连贯的译法。同时，既要注意语态转换的一般规则，也要注意其例外情况，有的被动语态形式已习语化了，更是不可忽视的。

被动语态翻译题

被动语态练习题 1.我们希望你尽快完成那项工作。 2我们已在会议上讨论了那个重大的问题。 3.学生们经常在课上做那样的练习题。 4.明年他们将在这条河上建一座新大桥。 5.你的家庭作业做完了吗？ 6.这家工厂制作这种自行车。 7.上课之前我们必须交上数学练习本。

8.我们把这个房间当作会议室使用。 9.明天他们会完成植树吗？ 10.你可以早一点做完它。 11.我看见她从学校出来了。 12.她给了我一件生日礼物。 13.我们还没有担完水。 14.你能在两小时之内干完活吗？ 15.我从没听他说过关于这件事.

16.即使问题的确出现了，也可以轻易地得到改正或解决。 17.在全体工作人员的共同努力下，这项生产计划得以顺利实施。 18.人们重新发现了古代文明。 19.教授们因此得到了报酬。 20.人们预计直到2000年那个国家的失业率都会保持稳定。 21.必须立刻处理他频繁的逃课问题。

22.人脑与电脑的区别可以用一个词形容：复杂性。 23.从那以后人们通常认为它是一把双刃剑，就像人的克隆一样，在增加我们的财富以及给我们带来舒适的同时，其潜在的危险又让人们感到恐慌。 24.人们相信核能是我们这个时代最伟大的革新之一，然而人们又担心它会毁灭世界。 25.一种在世界范围内迅速传播的计算机病毒已

经感染了50000多台电脑。 26.大体上来说，人可以分为三种：一种是劳累至死的，一种是忧心至死的，还有一种无聊至死的。 27.总的来说, 得出这种结论是有一定把握的, 然而，必须具备两个条件：能够假定这个孩子与他的竞争能力对手对考试已经有着相同的态度；他也不会因为缺乏对手们已掌握的有关知识而被处罚。

被动语态句子翻译类型题

被动语态句子翻译类型 题 Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT

1.据报道，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。 It’s________thataboutthreehundredpeople______________inthisaccident. 2.这个杯子昨天被大维打烂了。 Thecup__________________Davidyesterday. 3.这件外衣是棉制的。 Thecoat__________________cotton. 4.那山顶终年积雪。 Themountain__________________snowallroundtheyear. 5.父亲给他买了一部MP4作为生日礼物。 AMP4_____________________himashisbirthdaypresent. 6.工人们被迫每天工作12小时。 Theworkers____________________________12hoursaday. 7.校运会将在下周三下午举行。 Thesportsmeeting_____________________onWednesdayafternoon. 8.作业应该准时上交。 Ourhomework_____________________inontime. 9.那些书被一个10岁大的女孩写。 Thosebooks_____________________a10-year-oldgirl. 10.那座桥自从两年前已经被建成了。 Thebridge_____________________bytheworkers_______twoyearsago. Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态: oftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass. willshowanewfilmnextweek. didtheybuildthehouse？ sawtheboyentertheroom. theyshowanewfilmnextweek？ theypostedtheletteryet？ oftenseehimhelphisclassmate. mustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobed. isrepairingthebike？ studentshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart. II.将下列句子改为被动语态，并根据情况保留或去掉动作的执行者 will say nothing more about this matter. have made some flowers of silk. wrote a poem. students are planting some trees and flowers. are to open up a new business next week. couldn’t have done all this damage. of us will see him off at the airport. feed the tigers at the zoo three times a day.

英汉翻译方法1——被动语态译法

被动语态的翻译 教学内容 ?1、英语中常用被动语态的情况 ?Why passive voice is used in English? ?2、汉语中被动意义的表现方式 ?How the sense of “passiveness” is conveyed in Chinese ?3、英语被动语态的翻译 Memo ?Suppose a little boy broke someone’s window. ?1. Your son broke my window. ?2. The window was broken by your son. ?Notes: If the owner of the house wants to complain to the boy’s parent, he would say “1”; ?But if he just talks about the window and does not want to trace the responsibility of the incident he would simply say “2”. ?When the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries to be treated. The commonest form of treatment is heating. When the oil is heated, the first vapors to rise are cooled and become the finest petrol. Petrol has a low boiling point; if a little is poured into the hand, it soon vaporizes. Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed into paraffin. Last of all the lubricating oils of various grades are produced. What remains is heavy oil that is used as fuel. ?When the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries to be treated. The commonest form of treatment is heating. When the oil is heated, the first vapors to rise are cooled and become the finest petrol. Petrol has a low boiling point; if a little is poured into the hand, it soon vaporizes. Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed into paraffin. Last of all the lubricating oils of various grades are produced. What remains is heavy oil that is used as fuel. ?一、被动语态在英语中的运用 被动语态的广泛使用是英语区别于汉语的一大特点。这一特点在科技英语语体中反映得尤为突出。这不仅是因为被动结构比主动结构更少主观色彩，结构更简单，还因为有不必、不愿或无从说出施动者等情况的存在。 ?1、不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如： Such books are written for children. We haven’t been told about it. The English evening has been put off till Saturday. ?2、出于礼貌措辞等方面考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁。例如： You are requested to give a performance. It is said that you were late for class this morning. Why were your late? ?3、无从说出施动者是谁。例如： You’re wanted on the phone. The problem is being studied. Rice is chiefly grown in the south. ?4、为了便于上下衔接。例如： He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.

(完整版)被动语态巩固(翻译专练)

被动语态巩固（翻译专练） ?了解汉英被动表达的差异 初中生学习英语被动语态最易出现的错误是，在很多该用被动语态的地方没有用。比如学生经常说出这样的句子：The classroom has cleaned. 这是因为汉语被字句的使用频率很低，学生习惯于“教室打扫干净了”等无形式标记被动句的表达法，对译成英语，也就忘了该用被动语态。深一层的原因是汉语史上被字句一般用来表示不愉快或遗憾的事情。比如人们一般问：“ 教师表扬（你）了没有？”而不大说：“你被老师表扬了没有？”一般说：“（我）又被老师批评了。”而不大说：“老师又批评我了。”（这句话的意思似乎是老师批评得不合适。）再如：“蛋糕被猫吃掉了。”（隐含义是蛋糕本来是我们要吃的。）当然，随着本世纪以来汉语欧化句式的大量涌现，被字句的使用频率大大增加，许多场合的被字句也并不表示不愉快，“我被老师表扬了。”一类句子也到处使用。但与英语相比，汉语中的被字句出现频率仍低了很多。另一方面，汉语中存在的大量无形式标记被动句，如果译成英语则必须用被动语态，但学生往往忘了使用被动语态，这是初中学生学习英语被动句时最易出现的错误。比如“信写完了”常被译成“The letter has written.”。对此，必须设计具体的语境，通过大量的英汉对比翻译，反复操练，才能加深理解。 ①教室打扫干净了。The classroom has been cleaned. ②树种好了。The trees have been planted. ③杯子打破了。The cup was broken. ④汽车撞坏了。The car was broken. ⑤书他拿走了。The book has been taken away by him. 汉语中有的被动句的形式标记不是“被”字，而是“让”、“给”、“叫”、“受”、“遭”、“为…所…”、“挨”、“由”、“使”、“把”、“得到”、“获”、“予以”、“加以”、“经过”、等。 ①那只狗叫他们给杀了。The dog was killed by them. ②小偷让警察抓去了。The thief was captured by a policeman. ③鞋子给扔了。The shoes have been thrown away. ④他遭了父亲一顿打。He was beaten by his father. ⑤我们为那部电影所感动。We were moved by that film. ⑥许多房屋在地震中遭到了破坏。A lot of houses were damaged in the earthquake. ⑦我所有的积蓄都给偷走了。All the money I had saved was stolen. ⑧庄稼让洪水冲毁了。The crops were washed away by the flood. 英语被动句译为不带被动标志性词语但包含被动 许多汉语句子不带表被动意义的标志性词语，看上去好像是主动句，但实际上包含被动意义，这样的汉语句子的被动意义是通过其主谓成分表达的逻辑意义关系来确定的。 ①罗杰，你有电话。Roger, you are wanted on the phone. ②他的腿在一次事故中折断了。His leg was broken in an accident. ③人民大会堂是在1959年建造的。The Great Hall of the People was built in 1959. ④印刷术是从中国传入欧洲的。Printing was introduced into Europe from China. 英语中的被动语态使用极为广泛，尤其是在科技英语中被动语态几乎随处可见，这是因为：（1）被动结构比主动结构更少主观色彩，更注重客观事实；（2）被动结构更能突出主要特征，说明对象，引人注目；（3）在很多情况下被动结构比主动结构更简短。

被动语态句子翻译类型题

被动语态句子翻译类型题 Prepared on 22 November 2020

1.据报道，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。 It’s________thataboutthreehundredpeople______________inthisaccident. 2.这个杯子昨天被大维打烂了。 Thecup__________________Davidyesterday. 3.这件外衣是棉制的。 Thecoat__________________cotton. 4.那山顶终年积雪。 Themountain__________________snowallroundtheyear. 5.父亲给他买了一部MP4作为生日礼物。 AMP4_____________________himashisbirthdaypresent. 6.工人们被迫每天工作12小时。 Theworkers____________________________12hoursaday. 7.校运会将在下周三下午举行。 Thesportsmeeting_____________________onWednesdayafternoon. 8.作业应该准时上交。 Ourhomework_____________________inontime. 9.那些书被一个10岁大的女孩写。 Thosebooks_____________________a10-year-oldgirl. 10.那座桥自从两年前已经被建成了。 Thebridge_____________________bytheworkers_______twoyearsago. Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态: oftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass. willshowanewfilmnextweek. didtheybuildthehouse？ sawtheboyentertheroom. theyshowanewfilmnextweek？ theypostedtheletteryet？ oftenseehimhelphisclassmate. mustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobed. isrepairingthebike？ studentshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart. II.将下列句子改为被动语态，并根据情况保留或去掉动作的执行者 will say nothing more about this matter. have made some flowers of silk. wrote a poem. students are planting some trees and flowers. are to open up a new business next week. couldn’t have done all this damage. of us will see him off at the airport. feed the tigers at the zoo three times a day.