现代大学英语精读3 课文 Paraphrase

UNIT 1

…identity is determined by genetic endowment, shaped by environment, and influenced by chance events.

…our identity is decided by our genes (inherited from parents), greatly influenced by environment we live in and affected by some unexpected events.

First, there is functional independence, which involves the capability of individuals to take care of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda.

First, there is the independence in handling everyday life situations, which involves the ability to solve practical problems, such as how to spend money wisely, choosing their own clothes, and determining what they are going to do everyday.

Fourth is freedom from “excessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father.’’

Children often feel very guilty in relation to their parents because they think they have done something wrong; they are also anxious because they are always eager to please their parents; they sometimes feel unhappy because they think that their parents have not fair to them; they feel that they are responsible to their parents for everything they do; they are always afraid of not saying the right thing or not behaving properly; all these may make them angry with their parents or make them resentful. These feelings reflect their emotional dependence on their parents. When they grow up, they usually strive for the freedom from such dependence.

Perh aps one of the most stressful matters…as men or women.

Perhaps young college students feel most distressed in finding out their sexual identity, including associating with the opposite sex and designing their future roles as men or women.

Probably nothing can make students feel lower or higher emotionally than the way they are relating to whomever they are having a romantic relationship with.

When students are in a romantic relationship with the opposite sex, they are most likely to feel unhappy or happy emotionally.

dragging his feet with a dismayed, dejected look on his face.

walking slowly and listlessly, looking very unhappy and disappointed

“to drag one’s feet” is often used figuratively to mean”to delay deliberately”

The local authorities are dragging their feet closing small coal mines.

During the course I had come to realize that while my world was expanding and new options were opening for me, my father, who was in his sixties, was seeing his world shrink and his options narrow. (6)

From the course I learnt, I had discovered that different from my expanding world and more opportunities; my father was beginning to realize that his world was getting smaller and his choices fewer.

These religious, morals, and ethical values that are set during the college years often last a lifetime.(7)

These values that are established during the college years often last a lifetime. It is believed that our character or basic moral principles are formulated during this period of time.

I can no longer read the newspaper or watch a television newscast without seeing the people from other countries in a different light. in a different way

Whenever I read the newspaper or watch a television newscast, I will see the people from other countries in a different way from what I used to see.

?What he did made us to see him in a new light.

?In the light of the new evidence, we decide to take him to court. 出于，考虑到

Not only are they being introduced to new people and new knowledge, but they are also acquiring new ways of assembling and processing information. (10)

They are getting to know a lot of new people and learning new knowledge. They are also finding or learning new ways of arranging, organizing, analyzing or understanding information.

UNIT 2

It was a wonder to me they'd want to be seen with such a windbag.

我不理解为什么他们愿意让人看见自己和这样一个话匣子在一起。

It was surprising to me that they would spend time together with a person who talked too much like my father, yet they seemed to like it.

An orderly riding by had told him, because the orderly knew how thick he was with Grant.

An orderly who arrived riding on a horse had told him about the news, because the orderly knew that he was a close friend of Grant’t.

Maybe the woman had dared to sympathize with her. "Oh," she said, "it's all right. Life is never dull when my man is about."

Maybe the woman had been rude enough or foolish enough to express sympathy for my mother. She said: “Life is never boring when my husband is around.”

For the first time I knew that I was the son of my father. He was a story teller as I was to be.

He was a story teller. That was what I was to become later.

I remember once when he had done something ridiculous, and right out on Main Street, too, I was with some other boys and they were laughing and shouting at him and he was shouting back and having as good a time as they were.

记得有一次父亲做了一件荒谬可笑的事情，当时又是在大街上，而我正和其他男孩在一起。他们冲着父亲笑着大喊大叫，父亲也冲着他们喊，和他们一样开心.

I also remember once he had done something absurd, and happened to be on Main Street, too. At that time I was playing with some other boys. When they saw my father, they laughed at him

and shouted at him. In response, my father shouted back and seemed to be as happy as these boys.

Scarlet Letter is as interesting a novel as Oliver Twist.

You’ve made as many m istakes as I have.

He sings as well as I do.

There'd be men I didn't think would want to be fooling around with him.

I thought no one would want to stay with him, idling about all day long.

It was because life in our town was at times pretty dull and he livened it up

It was because life in our town was sometimes very dull and he could make the life more exciting.

If it was a Scotsman, a German or a Swede, the same thing happened. He'd be anything the other man was. I think they all knew he was lying, but they seemed to like him just the same. = all the same, in spite of a particular situation or opinion etc.

If a Scotsman, a German or a Swede came here, the same thing would happen. He would be born in the same country as the visitor. I think in spite of the fact that they all knew it was not true, they liked him all the same.

To hear him tell it he'd been in about every battle.

If you had heard him tell the story you would think that he has been in about every battle.

He'd been particularly intimate with General Grant so that when Grant went East to take charge of all the armies, he took father along.

He had had a very close relationship with General Grant, closer than with others. As a result, when Grant went East to command armies, he took my father along with him.

"You know," my father said, "about the General's memoirs. You've read of how he had a headache and how, when he got word that Lee was ready to call it quits, he was suddenly and miraculously cured.

You’ve known how he got a headache and how his headache was cured suddenly and mysteriously when learning the news that Lee prepared to surrender.

They took a couple of shots and then, because he didn't want Grant to show up drunk before Lee, he smashed the bottle against the tree. =a small amount of strong alcoholic drink

They took several sips of the wine and then he threw the bottle against the tree and broke it into pieces, because he didn’t Grant to turn up drunk before Lee.

When we were broke, down and out, do you think he ever brought anything home? Not he. When we become totally impoverished, do you imagine he had ever got anything home? Never did he do that.

I was startled, for there was on his face the saddest look I had ever seen.

I was shoc ked, because I’d never seen such kind of sad expression on his face before.

I didn't know what was up and had the queer feeling that I was with a stranger.

I didn’t know what was happening and got the strange feeling that I was walking with a stranger.

I did not swim very well, but he put my hand on his shoulder and struck out into the darkness

I did not swim very well, but he put my hand on his shoulder and swam hard toward the darkness.

It was as though I had been jerked suddenly out of my world of the schoolboy, out of a world in which I was ashamed of my father.

突然，我似乎被拉出了小男生的世界，被拉出了一个以父亲为耻的世界。

It was as if I had been suddenly pulled out of my world of the schoolboy, in which I had considered my father a shame on me.

He had become blood of my blood: he the stronger swimmer and I the boy clinging to him in the darkness.

He had become my real father. He was no longer a stranger to me.

It may be that I even laughed a little, softly there in the darkness. If I did, I laughed knowing that I would never again be wanting another father.

It was possible that I even laughed a little, quietly in the darkness. If I did smile, that was because I would never be thinking of another father again.

UNIT5

And we returned home refreshed, revitalized, and reeducated. This time, getting there had been the fun. (Para. 2)

When we got home, we not only felt fresh and energetic, but we had also seen a lot and learned a lot. This time, the trip back home itself was not just half the fun, but the fun-the real pleasure we got out of our week of holidays.

Americans understood the principle of deferred gratification. We put a little of each paycheck away “for a rainy day”. (Para. 4)

satisfaction to save money to be used later

(you save something or put something away)for a time in the future when you may need it

In the past, Americans were patient to have their desires satisfied.

We saved a little money each time we got paid in case we might need it in the future.

This general impatience, the “I-hate-to-wait” attitude, ha s infected every level of our lives. (para5)

This impatience is like a widespread disease that has many effects on every part of our lives./ We have become impatient in every aspect of our lives, for instance, we want to get a job done quickly, to lose weight quickly, to be served quickly, etc

…We replace them with something called “quality time”…

Instead of spending more time with our loved ones as we should, we now only set aside a few hours and meanwhile deceive ourselves that we are giving our best time (quality time) to them.

Of course, we couldn’t wait to get there, so we took the Pennsylvania Turnpike and a couple of interstates. (para1)

Because we were eager to get there as soon as possible, we took the fast roads like the Pennsylvania Turnpike and the interstates.

can’t wait/ can hardly wait to do sth. / for sth.: used to indicate that sb. is very excited about sth. or keen to do sth.

“Look at those gorgeous farms!” my husband exclaimed as pastoral scenery slid by us at 55 mph. (para1)

exclaim: (written) to say sth. suddenly and loudly, esp. out of emotion or pain

slid by us: moved past us quickly

“Look at those beautiful farms!” my husband couldn’t help shouting when the countryside scenery moved past us quickly at the speed of 55 miles per hour.

For four hours, our only real amusement consisted of counting exit signs and wondering what it would feel like to hold still again. (Para. 1)

The 4-hour drive on fast roads was tedious; the only fun we had was to count the exit signs we were passing and to figure out how we’d feel if we stopped again.

Getting there certainly didn’t seem like half the fun; in fact, getting there wasn’t any fun at all. (Para. 1)

We had expected that our ride to West Virginia would be fun, and that half of the fun we’d get from the trip would come from it. But we were wrong. It wasn’t fun at all.

We toured a Civil War battlefield and stood on the little hill that fifteen thousand Confederate soldiers had tried to take on another hot July afternoon, one hundred and twenty-five years ago, not knowing that half of them would get killed in the vain attempt. (Para. 2)

We visited a Civil War battlefield and stood on the little hill. One hundred and twenty-five years ago, on a hot July afternoon, 15,000 soldiers fighting for slavery, while trying to occupy the hill, had no idea that they would fail and that half of them would be killed in the battle.

We stuffed ourselves with spicy salads and homemade bread in an “all-you-can-eat” farmhouse restaurant, then wandered outside to enjoy the sunshine and the herds of cows—no little dots this time—lying in it. (Para. 2) to fill with sth eat as much as you can

We had a meal in a farmhouse restaurant where for a certain amount of money you could eat as much as you wanted, and we fed ourselves with lots of spicy salads and homemade bread. After the meal, we walked leisurely outdoors to enjoy the sunshine and watch the herds of cows—this time they did not seem like little dots—lying in the sunshine.

In fact, most Americans are constantly in a hurry—and not just to get from Point A to Point B. Our country has become a nation in search of the quick fix—in more ways than one. (Para. 3)

In fact, most Americans are always in a rush, not only in getting around from place to place, but in various aspects of life.

We take out loans instead of making deposits, or we use our credit card to get that furniture or vacation trip--relax now, pay later. (para4)

take out: to obtain an official document or service

e.g. to take out an insurance policy

relax now, pay later: to do/buy what we want now, and pay later

Today, instead of saving up, we borrow from the banks or use our credit card to buy the furniture or make the trip; our motto has become “relax now, pay later”.

And if we are in a hurry to lose weight, we try the latest miracle diet, guaranteed to take away ten pounds in ten days… unless we’re rich enough to afford liposuction. (Para. 4)

If we want to lose weight quickly, we try the most recent miracle diet which is said to be effective and is sure to make us lose a pound per day. If we are rich enough to pay for the operation, we can have our unneeded fat removed from our bodies.

What’s more, we don’t even want all of it. (para6)

what’s more: in addition, more importantly

The more important thing is that we not only want to get information fast, but also just want to get a general idea-we no longer want to learn anything thoroughly.

Once, we listened to every note of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony. Today, we don’t have the time; instead, we c an enjoy… on our “Greatest Moments of the Classics” CD. (para6)

It’s the same with classic musical compositions. We no longer listen from beginning to end. Instead, we buy a CD called “Greatest Moments of the Classics” and enjoy 100 musical classics, in e xcerpts, including the 26 seconds for the famous “da-da-da-DUM” opening of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony.

Even our personal relationships have become compressed. Instead of devoting large parts of our days to our loved ones… is no time at all. (para6)

Even our personal relationships are affected. Instead of spending much of our time with our loved ones, we now talk about giving them full attention in the limited time after work. But usually we have no time to do that at all.

As we rush from book to music to news item to relationship, we do not realize that we are living our lives by the iceberg principle-paying attention only to the top and ignoring the 8/9 that lies just below the surface. (para6)

When we rush through books, music, news items and relationship, we are paying attention to the surface to everything and will never get into the heart of anything.

But I am saying that all of us need to think more seriously about putting the brakes on our “we-want-it-all-and-we-want-it-nor” lifestyle before we spee d completely out of control. (Para. 8) to slow down or stop doing something

But what I do want to say is this: before we go too far, all of us need to think seriously about changing our lifestyle of seeking a quick fix in our lives.

UNIT6

I spent most of my time roaming the woods and fields alone, playing Robin Hood, daydreaming, collecting bugs and bird-watching.

I spent most of my time wandering in the forests and the fields alone, acting Robin Hood, daydreaming, collecting bugs and bird-watching.

Keeping to myself was my way of not forming attachments that I would only have to abandon the next time we moved. (3)

I did not try to make any friends because in that way I could avoid having to give up my friendship the next time I had to move.

Familiarity sometimes makes people physically invisible, for you find yourself talking to the heart—to the essence, as it were, rather than to the face. (26)

When people get to know each other really well, sometimes they don't notice physical changes. The boy did not see that his friend, the old lady, was getting weaker and weaker because all the time he was talking to her heart, rather than to her face.

But one day I became attached through no design of my own.

But one day I began a friendship just by chance.

I s tarted hiking…to an almost impenetrable stand of trees called Bear Wood.

I started to take a long walk…to a dense growth of trees called Bear Wood.

Yes, they are wary. But then, gamekeepers have been shooting them ever since they got here. They’ re introd uced, you know, not native.

Yes, they’ re watchful. But the bad thing is that some gamekeepers have been killing them since they got here and they were brought into this place from somewhere else, not born and raised here.

I gazed … at the glass-fronted c ases containing figures of ivory and carved stone, … trays of pinned butterflies and… a dozen or so stuffed birds.

I look at the cabinets with glass windows that contained statues and models carved out of ivory and stone, … trays of butterflies fastened with pins and … about twelve birds that were made into specimens.

(para.18)很快我便看见一栋夕阳西下中粉红色的小砖房。罗伯特—格拉斯科太太打开房门，邀请我入内。我静静凝视着眼前的书架和装着象牙和石头雕刻的玻璃门柜子、装满各种化石标本的贮藏柜和一盘盘用大头针钉着的蝴蝶标本，我简直惊呆了。尤其是那十多只鸟类标本，最为奇妙了，其中包括一只用玻璃作为眼珠的雕鸮。

It is a wisdom tutored by nature itself, about the seen and the unseen, about things that change

and things that are changeless, and about the fact that no matter how seemingly different two souls may be, they possess the potential for that most precious, rare thing---an enduring and rewarding friendship.

I learn a lot of knowledge, taught by nature itself, about the things I can see--- the birds, insects, trees, and flowers, and the things I cannot see--- ideas, scientific laws and principles. I also learn a lot about the things that change, including life itself, as well as the things that are changeless like friendship, love, care, concern, affection and many basic values.

When I was 12 years old, my family moved to England, the fourth major move in my short life…(para1)

When I was 12 years old, my family moved to England, which was the fourth major move in my short life.

My father’s government job demanded that he go overseas every few years, so I was used to wrenching myself away from friends.

Because the demand of his job, my father had to go abroad regulary after a few years and I was used to suffering the sorrow of leaving my friends.

Loving nature, however, I was most delighted by the endless patchwork of farms and woodland that surrounded our house. (2)

However, as (because) I loved nature, I was really very happy to enjoy the endless pieces of farms and woods around our house.

My own breathing rang in my ears, and the slightest stirring of any woodland creature echoed through this private paradise. (4)

I could even hear my own breathing, and even the lightest movement of any bird or animal in the wood could be heard throughout this paradise.

Soon I saw a small brick cottage that glowed pinkly in the westering sun. (18)

Soon I saw a small brick cottage shining with a pink color in the sun that was moving toward the west.

…and my well of knowledge about natural history began to brim over.

I began to know much about natural history, too much for a boy of my age.

spring or fountain overflow

My mother was regarding me with a strange gentleness. (29)

My mother was looking at me with a strange gentleness because she wanted to break the news gently so that I would not take it too hard.

UNIT9

I am still just as ignorant for all your telling me.

I still don’t know what those flower are in spite of your telling me about them.

But now, as he spoke, that memory faded. He was the truer.

But now he was talking about that afternoon. That memory about the ridiculous scene gradually disappeared. His memory of the party was more accurate. After all, it was a wonderful afternoon.

And in the warmth, as it were, another memory unfolded.

And in the warm sunshine, she felt as if she remembered something else of the past.

He had lost all that dreamy vagueness and indecision.

Now he looked like a man who was very practical, very clear about what he should so with his life.

Now he has the air of a man who has found his place in life.

Now he looked like a man who had found a successful career.

As he spoke, … she felt the strange beast that had slumbered s o long within her bosom stir, stretch itself, yawn, prick up its ears, and suddenly bound to its feet, and fix its longing, hungry stare upon those far away places.

While he was talking,…she felt that her long-cherished wish to travel to all those distant and mysterious places that had been sleeping so long in her heart seemed to suddenly awakened, yearning to be fulfilled. / Her strong desire to go to those places held so long in her bosom now awoke. The desire became stronger and stronger. She was burst with her desire.

Only did I desire, eventually, to turn into a magic carpet and carry you away to all those lands you longed to see.

What I wanted most is for myself to become a magic carpet so that I would take you to all those distant countries you wanted to see.

"She smiled, he frowned."

She smiled because she was very glad to see her old friend. While he frowned because he could not recall where he had met her.

… serious and infuriated out of all proportion to the occasion.

completely uncalled-for, totally unnecessary under the circumstances

What had happened that afternoon made a fool of them both.

But what has become of your beautiful piano?

But what has happened to your beautiful piano?

… like mournful lovers.

They love each other but feel sad for some reason. The greatest wish for them is to die together, like Romeo and Juliet.

UNIT10

He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn, scratched, done his business like a dog at a road side.

He has opened his eyes with the sun at dawn, scratched, emptied his bowels like a dog at the roadside.

Live without conventions, which are artificial and false; escape complexities and extravagances:…

One should live without conventions as common people, since these are not genuine, and one should also avoid complex lives and things that are not necessary, only in this way can you live a free life.

They possess him. He is their slave.

They control him. He depends on them. In order to get a certain amount of material properties, which actually have no value and will not last, he has been controlled by these things and has given away his independence which is the only thing that is true and can last.

In order to procure a quantity of false, perishable goods he has sold the only true, lasting good, his own independence. (4)

People get only some false and easily spoiled material goods at the cost of their own everlasting independence.

His life’s aim was clear to him: it was “to restamp the currency”: to take the clean metal of human life, to erase the old false conventional markings, and to imprint it with its true values.

(5)

Life is like a metal marked with false and conventional values. His life task is to remove those false markings and imprint a true value on it.

He was the man of the hour, of the century;…

He w as most important and powerful person at the moment and in the century;…

Everybody knew him or knew of him. (1)

was familiar with was told or read or heard about the person

It was not a house, not even a squatter’s hut. (2)

He did not live even in a deserted hut.

He thought everybody lived far too elaborately, expensively, anxiously.(2)

He thought that our life is too complicated, too costly and gives us too much pressure.

In short, he argues that we should simplify our life.

He spent much of his life in the rich, lazy, corrupt Greek city of Corinth, mocking and satirizing

its people, and occasionally converting one of them. (2)

He chose to live among the wealthy, lazy and dishonest citizens of Corinth, spent much of his time ridiculing them and occasionally persuaded one of them into adopting his belief.

He was not the first to inhabit such a thing. (3)

He was not the first man who had lived in such a storage jar.

But he was the first who ever did so by choice, out of principle. (3)

But he was the first to do so because he wanted to.

Diogenes took his old cask and began to roll it up and down. “When you are all so busy,” he said, “ I feel I ought to do something!” (9)

When the Corinthians were busy preparing for the coming war, Diogenes rolled his cask up and down to ridicule their silly behavior.

… his air of destiny.（14）

… the air of someone who has the power to determine the course of events in future.

带着世界主宰者的气派

UNIT 12

All are important and must be reasonably satisfied if we are to fulfill our biological destiny. (1) All of them are important and must be fulfilled if we are going to experience lives as humans.

I italicize the need for power because,… the way we continually struggle for power in every aspect of our lives seems uniquely human.

I italicize the need for power because the need for power seems exclusively a human need. This is shown in how eagerly we seek power in every aspect of our lives.

In fact, if it were not for the need for power, our whole economy would crumble because almost all that is bought and sold, except for bare necessities, is for the sake of power. (4) collapse, lose effectiveness for the purpose of

In fact, it is our need for power that has pushed the development of our whole economy because all what we buy and sell is to serve our purpose to gain power.

That their teachings have been largely accepted when what they advocate is so obviously self-serving is a tribute to how effective they have been in getting their message across. (6) interested in gaining an advantage for yourself

to be a clear sign of the good qualities that sb. or sth. has (证明)

It is surprising that what they propagate should be accepted by many, for obviously their propaganda serves their own interests, helping to maintain their power. This clearly shows how effective their propaganda machine is.

Lower animals, whose behavior is essentially built-in and who do not have much ability to learn, are not involved with fun.

Because their behavior is basically predetermined by their genes, lower animals do not have to make choices, do not have much ability to learn, and therefore they do not have the need for fun.

My guess is that we will survive in direct proportion to how much we can learn. (13) according to a particular relationship in size, amount, etc.

In my opinion, the greater our ability to learn, the better our chance to survive.

A monotonous task is always boring unless we can find a way to learn while doing something repetitive, or make the thing we are doing competitive or social, as Tom Sawyer did when he was painting the fence.

The task which lacks variety is always boring unless we can find a way to learn while we are doing something again and again, or we can make the thing we are doing full of competition or involving the interaction with other people, as Tom Sawyer did when he was painting the fence.

All five needs are built into our genetic structure as instructions for how we must attempt to live our lives.

All five needs are inborn as part of our nature and direct us as we go through our lives.

Simple survival needs like hunger, thirst, and sexual desire are relatively clear-cut, and we quickly learn what particular discomfort is attached to the denial of these basic needs. (3)

It is relatively easy to define simple survival needs that satisfy hunger, thirst and sexual desire because we can easily find what particular discomfort we feel when these basic needs are denied.

The need for power is particularly difficult to satisfy because in many cultures the mores of the culture condemn those who openly strive for it. (3)

In many cultures openly trying to gain power is regarded as running counter to the code of conduct of culture, and those who do so are strongly disapproved of, so it is especially difficult for one to meet his/her need for power.

They preach the virtues of humility because the more people they can persuade to be humble, the more easily they can both preserve and add to the power that they have.（6）

They advocate modesty praising it as an admirable quality because they know the more people they make humble, the more easily they can keep and strengthen the power they have seized.

While it is easy to understand that people who strive for power may become dominant and have a better chance to survive, most of us have difficulty accepting that this need is written in our genes.（6）

Although people admit that those who strive for power are likely to have advantages over others, most of us can’t willingly accept the view that power is a human need or i s something we have

inherited from our ancestors.

Who do you know who is so completely satisfied with his life that he can go a week without complaining that someone has gotten in the way of what he wanted to do? (7) prevent sb. from doing sth

People are constantly complaining that they are prevented from achieving their goal. Actually you can hardly find a person who doesn't make such complaints before a week goes by.

Most of us cannot get through a day without complaint: To be satisfied with how others have treated us for a week would seem like an eternity. (7)

to be a period that seems to be very long or never to end

Most of us can find something to complain about daily. Any feeling of satisfaction with how we are treated won’t last as long as a week.

If we think that we have any chance at all to move beyond bare survival, we are almost all ambitious. (8)

All humans want and are determined to succeed in one way or another if they believe that they can manage more than merely to keep alive.

There is no greater work incentive than to be able to see that your effort has a power payoff. (9) To be able to see that your effort will be rewarded with some sort of power is the best incentive for work.

And as much as a child may love her parents, she also wants the freedom to branch out on her own. (10)

(as) much as = although, used to mean that although one thing is true, something else is also true.

add to the range of one’s interests or activities

Although a child may love her parents very much, she also wants her parents to let her develop the way she wants.

It can balance a lot of misery, and it is like a catalyst that makes anything we do better and worh doing again and again. (11)

If in the misery we still keep our desire for fun alive, we would be able to face our misery; and if we make an enjoyable job out of a boring task, we would do it better and think it worth doing again and again.

Anytime we can introduce power, freedom or belonging into a situation, we find it more interesting. And as we do, we also find ourselves learning along the way. (14)

Whenever we are motivated by power, freedom or belonging, we do a job with more interests. And as we tackle one task after another with interests, we keep learning and progressing all our lives.

大学英语精读第一册课文翻译

第一单元 课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其实。 学习英语的几种策略 学习英语决非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种： 1．不要以完全相同的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差？其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说“我对英语感兴趣”是“I’m interested in English”，而说“我精于法语”则是“I’m good at French”?你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说“获悉消息或密秘”是“learnthenewsorsecret”,而“获悉某人的成功或到来”却是“learn of someone’s success or arrival”?这些都是惯用法的例子。在学习英语时，你不仅必须注意词义，还必须注意以英语为母语的人在日常生活中如何使用它。 3．每天听英语。经常听英语不仅会提高你的听力，而且有助你培养说的技能。除了专为课程准备的语言磁带外，你还可以听英语广播，看英语电视和英语电影。第一次听录好音的英语对话或语段，你也许不能听懂很多。先试着听懂大意，然后在反复地听。 你会发现每次重复都会听懂更多的xx。 4．抓住机会说。的确，在学校里必须用英语进行交流的场合并不多，但你还是可以找到练习讲英语的机会。例如，跟你的同班同学进行交谈可能就是得到一些练习的一种轻松愉快的方式。还可以找校园里以英语为母语的人跟他们

现代大学英语精读3_第二版_unit1、2课文翻译

Unit 1 Your college years 1你可曾考虑过作为一个大学生你生活中正在发生和即将发生的变化？你可曾想到过大学时代教授们以及其他教职工为了你的成长和发展制定了目标？你可曾注意过你在从青少年渐渐成人的过程中会发生某些变化？尽管大学生很少想这些，但是在大学生时代很可能会发生一些主要的变化。 2在这段时期，学生们正经受自我认同危机，他们努力要了解自己的身份，掌握自身的优缺点。当然，优缺点他们兼而有之，且两者都为数不少。重要的是人们如何看待自己，其他人又如何看待他们。皮尔斯和兰多曾在一篇文章中探讨了爱立信在《国际社会百科全书》中有关理论，根据他们的观点，性格特征是由先天基因（即父母的遗传物质）所决定，由外部环境而形成，并受偶然事件的影响的。人们受环境的影响，反过来也影响他们的环境。人们如何看待自己扮演的这两个角色无疑正是他们性格特征的部分表现。 3学生们经历自我认同危机的时候，他们也开始渐渐独立，但是可能仍然非常依赖父母。这种介于独立与依赖之间的冲突常常发生在青少年末期。事实上，这种冲突很可能因为他们选择继续接受大学教育而愈发激烈。高中一毕业，一些学生便会立即走入社会开始工作。这种选择的结果就是他们可能他们在经济上获得独立。但是大学生已经选择了用几年的时间继续掌握新知并且发展自我，因此他们在一定程度上还要依赖父母。 41984年4月杰利弗·A·霍夫曼在《心理咨询杂志》上发表了《即将成人的青年与父母的心理距离》，文章中他提及了人与父母产生心理距离的四个不同方面。第一，独立处理日常生活的能力，它包括个人独立处理实际事物和自身事务的能力，如理财的能力、选购服装的能力和决定每天工作日程的能力。第二，态度独立，即个人学会正确看待和接受自己与父母的态度、价值和信仰上的差异。第三个心理分离过程是情感独立，霍夫曼将这一过程定义为“摆脱父母的认可、亲近、陪伴和情感支持的过分依赖”。例如，大学生们会随自己所愿自由选择专业，而且并不认为必须征得父母的认同。第四是摆脱“对父母的过度内疚、焦虑、疑惑、责任、反感和愤怒的心理”。大学生们需要退一步看清自己在介于独立与依赖之间的冲突中所处的位置。 5可能大学生们面临的最紧张的问题之一就是构建自己的性别特征，这包括与异性之间的关系和对未来自身男性或女性角色的设计。每个人必须将其性格特征定义为男性或女性角色。这一过程中兴奋与受挫并存。也许没有什么比恋爱更能让学生们情绪低落或高涨的。例如，我曾经和一位年轻的大学生共事，一次他欢呼雀跃的进了我的办公室，面带笑容，声音激动。年轻人宣布：“我刚度过了人生中最灿烂的一天。”他继续解释他是如何与一位超凡脱俗的女子相遇的，而且这份浪漫的爱情与他梦中所期待的完全一致。而不倒一个星期，同一个年轻人却拖着脚步神情沮丧的进了我的办公室。他在同一张椅子上坐下来，深深地叹了口气，宣布说：“我经历了人生中最糟糕的一天。”他和那个年轻女子刚刚吵过架，两人的关系不再看好。因而，大学生们与异性交往的方式对他们的情感必定有所影响。 6于此同时，这些刚刚成年的大学生也在学习如何在成年人的世界里奉献和收获情感。在这一角度上，成长不仅要处理与异性之间的关系，还要处理与两性及所有年龄段的朋友之间的关系。随着他们渐渐成人，他们与异性交往的方式也在发生变化。这时作为成年人他们应该思索如何与同龄人和睦相处并有礼有节，如何与他们生活中的青少年儿童和睦相处，如何与他们的父母和睦相处并表达自己的感情。举个我在西南浸礼教会学院读研究生时的例子，当我刚刚修完一门咨询课程后，我去探望父母。在学习这门课的过程中我渐渐意识到，当我的世界不断扩展，新的机遇不断出现时，我的父亲，一个年过花甲之人，正在亲眼目睹自己的世界在变小，选择在变少。在家的那些日子里，我和父亲几次谈心，共同探讨了我课程的内容以及它如何应用到我的生活中。我发觉自己正以一种不同的方式看待父亲，并且把他看作一个我可以鼓励的朋友。我有意识的去鼓励这个从前鼓励过我的人。我在以一种不同的方式与父亲交流。 7大学生的另一个变化就是内化他们的宗教信仰、价值尺度和道德观念。从出生开始，就有一位或更多的父母成为他们的榜样，教给他们特定的信仰、价值和道德。然而，当他们到了青春期，这些问题却遭到了质疑，在一些情况下甚至遭到了反叛。现在他们刚刚成年，他们有机会为自己决定人生中将会如何选择何种信仰、价值和道德。60年代末，一位生活在极度歧视其他种族的环境中的年轻女子深信自己种族的

现代大学英语精读单词

U n i t 1 Baptist counsel encyclopedia agenda attitudinal contribute crisis endeavor ethical ethnic masculine resentment evaluate feminine adulthood option perceive project excessive functional genetic inherit interaction peer process stressful endowment ethnic adolescence affirm approval unquestionably heighten inhibition internalize newscast

rebel seminary theological wardrobe unit4 bearded Cynicism elegant guffaw lunatic monarch page pebble scant scratch block elaborately fountain half-naked nudge olive paradox privacy scoop squatter stroll titter sweat unit5 abundance adapt angler biocide birch bound built-in

chorus colossal confined considerable throb trout vegetation migrant suppress synthetic contamination counterpart deliberate ecologist evolve fern flame flicker gear harmony immune reserve score sicken span spiral subject mold outbreak potent primitive puzzle rapidity resurgence midst modify organism

现代大学英语精读1 UNIT5 The Nightingale and the Rose 课文翻译

2014101018 第五单元 Translation of Text A 夜莺与玫瑰 1 “她说如果我给她带去红玫瑰，她愿意和我一起跳舞。”年轻的学生哭喊道，“但满院子都没有一朵红玫瑰。” 2 这番话给在老橡树上自己巢中的夜莺听见了，她通过橡树叶张望，心中诧异。 3 “在我的花园没有红玫瑰！”他哭着说，他美丽的大眼满含泪水：“啊，圣贤之书我已读完，哲学奥妙尽藏心中，然而缺少一朵红玫瑰却使我的生活瞬时暗淡！” 4 “终于有一位重感情的人了，”夜莺说，“我曾日日夜夜为他歌唱，现在我终于见到他了。” 5 “王子明晚将举行一个舞会，”年轻的学生喃喃道：“我的爱人也将前往我若为他采得红玫瑰，她将和我一直跳舞到天亮。我会揽她入怀，而她也会偎依在我的肩头。但在我的花园没有红玫瑰，因此我只能独自坐那儿黯然神伤，心痛无比。” 6 “他确实是一个重感情的人，”夜莺说。真爱是美好的，它价胜千金。 7 “乐师们将奏乐助兴，”年轻的学生道，“我的爱人将和着竖琴和小提琴声翩翩起舞。她的身姿是如此的轻盈宛似蜻蜓点水般。但他是不会和我一起跳的，因为我没有红玫瑰献给她。”于是他扑倒在草地上，双手捂着脸放声痛哭起来。 8 “他为什么哭泣呢？”一只绿色的蜥蜴翘着尾巴经过他身边时问道。 9 “是啊，到底为什么呢？”一只在阳光下挥动着翅膀的蝴蝶问道。 10 “到底为什么呢？”一朵雏菊用低沉的声音对他的邻居说道. 11 “他为一只红玫瑰哭泣。”夜莺说。 12 “为了一朵红玫瑰？”他们叫道，“太荒谬了！”那本来就有点愤世嫉俗的小蜥蜴肆无忌惮的笑道。但是夜莺了解男孩的悲痛，默默无声地坐在橡树上。 13 突然她张开自己棕色的双翼，向空中飞去。她犹如影子般穿越树林，又如影子般越过花园。 14 在草地的中心一棵美丽的红玫瑰树傲然屹立。她看到后立即向它飞去：“给

大学英语精读第一册课文翻译全

Unit1 课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其时。 Some Strategies or Learning English 学习英语绝非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种。 1. 不要以完全同样的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差？其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说我对英语感兴趣是I'm 湩整敲瑳摥椠?湅汧獩屨，而说我精于法语则是???潧摯愠?牆湥档？你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说获悉消息或秘密是汜慥湲琠敨渠睥?牯猠捥敲屴，而获悉某人的成功或到来却是汜慥湲漠?潳敭湯?环猠捵散獳漠?牡楲慶屬？这些都是惯用法的例子。在学习英语时，你不仅必须注意词义，还必须注意以英语为母语的人在日常生活中如何使用它。 3．每天听英语。经常听英语不仅会提高你的听力，而且有助你培养说的技能。除了专为课程准备的语言磁带外，你还可以听英语广播，看英语电视和英语电影。第一次听录好音的英语对话或语段，你也许不能听懂很多。先试着听懂大意，然后再反复地听。你会发现每次重复都会听懂更多的东西。 4．抓住机会说。的确，在学校里必须用英语进行交流的场合并不多，但你还是可以找到练习讲英语的机会。例如，跟你的同班同学进行交谈可能就是得到一些练习的一种轻松愉快的方式。还可以找校园里以英语为母语的人跟他们随意交谈。或许练习讲英语最容易的方式是高声朗读，因为这在任何时间，任何地方，不需要搭档就可以做到。例如，你可以看着图片18 / 1 或身边的物件，试着对它们详加描述。你还可以复述日常情景。在商店里购物或在餐馆里吃完饭付过账后，假装这一切都发生在一个讲英语的国家，试着用英语把它表演出来。 5．广泛阅读。广泛阅读很重要，因为在我们的学习环境中，阅读是最重要、最可靠的语言输入来源。在选择阅读材料时，要找你认为有趣的、不需要过多依赖词典就能看懂的东西。开始时每天读一页是个好办法。接下去，你就会发现你每天可以读更多页，而且能对付难度更高的材料。6．经常写。写作是练习你已经学会的东西的好方法。除了老师布置的作文，你还可以找到自己要写的理由。有个笔友可以提供很好的动力；与某个跟你趣味相投但来自不同文化的人进行交流，你会学到很多东西。经常写作的其他方式还有记日记，写小故事或概述每天的新闻。 语言学习是一个积累的过程。从读和听中吸收尽量多的东西，然后再试着把学到的东西通过说和写加以运用，定会大有收益。 Unit2 弗朗西斯·奇切斯特在六十五岁时开始了只身环球航行。本文记述的就是这一冒险故事。 Sailing Round the Word 弗朗西斯·奇切斯特在独自驾船作环球航行之前，已有好几次让他的朋友们感到吃惊了。他曾试图作环球飞行，但没有成功。那是1931年。 好多年过去了。他放弃了飞行，开始航海。他领略到航海的巨大乐趣。奇切斯特在首届横渡大西洋单人航海比赛中夺魁时，已经五十八岁。他周游世界的宿愿重又被唤起，不过这一次他是要驾船环游。由于他患有肺癌，朋友们和医生们都认为他不该去，但奇切斯特决意实施自己的计划。

现代大学英语精读1第二版

Page 39 6. Translate the following sentences into English. 1.It seemed impossible to me, but all the others looked very confident. Sth. seems (to be) + adj.(表) + to sb. 2.We looked around. There wasn't a building standing in sight. The earthquake seemed to have destroyed everything. Sth. /sb. +（seem + to do）复合谓语3.He seems to be in low spirits these days. Sth./Sb. + seem to be + 表语 wonder why. I think it's because he doesn't seem to be making much progress in his studies. He is afraid of being looked down upon by his classmates. Sb. + seem to do sth There seems to be 4.What are you looking for, Dick? I seem to have lost my key. How annoying! 5.If you find that a word doesn't seem to

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