英语翻译资料及笔记
1999年（下）翻译试卷
一、汉译英（50％）妈妈退休了，闲在家中。她身体不好，不便多做家务，时常是早晨上公园散步，回来躺一会儿；中午吃完午饭，再上楼躺一会儿；晚上看完最后一个电视节目，又是睡觉。久而久之，我们开始觉得她精神反倒不如以前了。
她太闲了，力气活不能多做，又没有读过什么书，我们想不出有什么办法可以消除她的寂寞。白天，爸爸和我们兄妹都要上班；晚上妹妹要去夜校，我也要在自己房里看书，好象只有吃晚饭的时候，我们才有机会和她在一起聊聊。尽管能和她说的事实在不多，但在这样的时候，她会显得特别高兴，特别有精神。
二、英译汉（50％）Some scientists consider that sleep is an instinct, a basic need for the body and mind to relax and to escape from the responses needed while awake. We become tired in body and mind if we do not sleep, and scientists have proved that when we do sleep the electrical activity of the brain slows down, although it may be stimulated when we dream.
One chemical theory is that a substance needed to maintain the waking state becomes exhausted and may be replenished in sleep.
A contrary suggestion is that some poisonous substances built up in wakefulness may be destroyed when we go to sleep. Other theories connect the need for increased wakefulness with the development of the more sophisticated areas of the brain. This could explain why newborn babies whose powers of reasoning have not yet developed, spend most of their lives asleep. It has been demonstrated that a particular part of the brain, the reticular formation, if severed, cause continuous sleep. Although we are not sure why we sleep, there is no doubt that we need to do so and so do most other animals. The pattern of sleep and wakefulness is closely connected with our habits and senses. Animals which depend upon sight for food, shelter and defence, like man, are diurnal. That means they are for the most part active during the day and asleep at night. The amount of sleep needed by a person to remain in full health varies considerably with age, with different individuals, and even, perhaps, with race. Pre-school children generally need ten to twelve hours sleep, schoolchildren nine to eleven hours and adults seven to nine hours. Adults seem to need progressively less sleep as they grow older, and exceptional case are known of elderly people who have remained healthy on two to three hours a night. It has been said that the Japanese, both children and adults, sleep less than Europeans, but that may be due to habit rather than to race.
英语翻译试题课程代码：00087
将答案写在答题纸相应位置上，否则不计分。Part One
Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.
1. She blurred the ink on the letter with her tears.
[A] 他的眼泪把信上的墨水弄得模糊不清。[B] 他的眼泪把信上的字迹弄得模糊不清。
[C] 他的眼泪把信上的字句弄得模糊不清。[D] 他的眼泪把信上的话语弄得模糊不清
2. It’s better having short lines with more bank tellers.
[A] 如果银行出纳员多一些，不用排长队就好了。[B]最好是排的队短一些，银行出纳员多一些。
[C]要是排的队短，银行出纳员最好多一些。[D] 银行出纳员多一些，队就排得更短了。
3．Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution was science.
[A]在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。[B]在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。
[C]在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。[D] 在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。
4．Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languorhad succeeded this passionate struggle.
[A]几个星期来，气恼和痛苦不断地袭击着我；这种感情上的折磨后,我感到浑身无力。
[B]几个星期来，我处在气恼和痛苦之中；遭受这种感情的折磨后，我感到浑身无力。
[C] 几个星期来，我又气又恨，感到非常苦恼；经历了这种感情的折磨后，我感到浑身无力。
[D] 几个星期来，我经受着气恼和怨恨的吞噬；这种感情过后，我感到浑身无力。
5. The numbers didn’t really add up, so the accountant went back over them.
[A]数额没有累计起来，所以会计师又把它们拿回去了。[B]加起来的总数不对，所以会计师又拿回去了。
[C]数额没有累计起来，所以会计师又重新计算了一遍。[D] 加起来的总数不对，所以会计师又重新计算了一遍。
6．基本路线要管一百年，动摇不得。
[A]The basic line should manage for a hundred years, with no vacillation.
[B]We should adhere upon the basic line for a hundred years, with no vacillation.
[C]The basic line should govern for ahundred years, with no vacillation.
[D]We should adhere to the basic line for a hundred years, with no vacillation.
7.对科学技术的重要性我们要有充分的认识。
[A]We must realize the full importance of science and technology.
[B]We must full realize the importance of science and technology.
[C]We must realize the fully importance of science and technology.
[D] We fully must realize the importance of science and technology.
8.老科学家、中年科学家很重要，青年科学家也很重要。
[A]The veteran and middle-aged scientists are important, and so are the young ones.
[B]The veteran, middle-aged scientists are important, and so are the young ones.
[C]The veteran and middle-aged scientists are important, so are the young ones.
[D] The veteran, middle-aged scientists are important, so are the young ones.
9.不知什么原因，这条消息没有见报。
[A]For no reason , the news did find its way into the newspaper.
[B]For one reason or another, the news did not find its way into the newspaper.
[C]For some reasons, the news found no way into the newspaper.
[D]For a certain reason, the news did not find any way into the newspaper.
10.再过几年，普通家庭也能买得起电脑了。
[A]In a few years, the average families will be within the reach of computers.
[B]In a few years, buying computers will be within the reach of the average families.
[C]In a few years, the average families will be within the reach of buying computers.
[D]In a few years, the computers will be within the reach of the average families.
B .Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked [A],[B],[C]and [D]. Select the one that best completes each statement.
11．“重神似不重形似”，这是的主张。[A] 严复[B]林纾[C]傅雷[D]周煦良
12．郭沫若说：“我们对翻译工作决不能采取轻率的态度。翻译者必须具有高度的。”[A]外语水平[B]责任感[C]政治敏感性[D]汉语功底13．茅盾先生说过：翻译文学作品，很重要的一点是。
[A]能将它的风格翻译出来[B]能将它的一部分风格翻译出来[C]译者要有自己的风格[D] 风格是无法翻译的
14．Eugene. A. Nida says, “Each language has its own genius.”他的意思是。
[A]每一种语言有其自己的天才[B]各种语言都有其特有的创造力[C]一种语言有一种语言的特点[D] 凡是语言都具有语言的特征
15．就汉译英而论，。
[A]断句的情况较多，并句的情况较少[B]断句的情况较多，并句的情况也较多
[C]断句的情况较少，并句的情况较多[D]断句的情况较少，并句的情况也较少
PartTwo
Ⅱ.Phrase Translation (20 points ,1 point for each)A.Directions: put the following phrases into Chinese.
16. natural enemies of insects17.consumer goods18.sedimentation basins19.footbridge20.keen interest21.subtropical plant
22.the Nile Delta23.social security system24.pension fund25.financial institutions
B.Directions: Put the following phrases into English.
26. “三个代表”重要思想27.辛亥革命28.淡水资源29.纬度30.郁金香31.首相32.百科全书33.失业率34.知识产权35.集装箱
Ⅲ. Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each)Directions: Each of the following translations has one or more inadequacies.Improve the given translations.A.Example:
原文：I could hardly contain my curiosity.译文：我简直无法包含我的好奇心。改译：我简直无法克制我的好奇心。
36．原文：Soon the romantic “wild west” had ceased to be.译文：不久，这片具有浪漫气氛的“西部荒原”停止了。
37．原文：Driving drunk means an automatic fine. 译文：酒后驾车意味着理所当然的罚款。
38．原文：The explanation is pretty thin. 译文：这个解释非常弱。
39．原文：When you are a child of the mountains yourself, you really belong to them. 译文：你要是山的孩子，你就属于山。 40．原文：Miners opened up the region, established communities, and laid the foundations for more permanent settlements.
译文：采矿者开发了这一地区，建立了村镇，打下了永久定居的基础。
41．原文：As rain fell in the Ethiopian highlands and the snows melted in the Mountains of the Moon, the Nile was everlastingly renewed.译文：由于有埃塞俄比亚高原上的雨水和月亮山上融化的积雪，尼罗河被不断地更新着。
B．Example:
原文：能为他的这本集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor. 改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays.
42．原文：要提倡科学，靠科学才有希望。译文：We must promote science, that is where our hope lies.
43．原文：当年在广州闹革命的时候，我们还年轻气盛。译文：When we were making revolution in Guangzhou in the past, we were young and arrogant.
44．原文：她有力气，简直抵得过一个男子。译文：She has strength, and could fight with a man.
45．原文：在高峰季节，农民们争着抢着想把鸡蛋卖出去，而过了季节之后，城里又出现供应不足。译文：During the peak season, farmers compete to sell their eggs, whereas during the off-season, they are usually in short supply in the cities.
Ⅳ. Paragraph Translation (30 points)
A.Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15 points)
46. As regards health, I have nothing useful to say since I have little experience of illness. I eat and drink whatever I like, and sleep when I cannot keep awake. I never do anything whatever on the ground that it is good for health, though in actual fact the things I like doing are mostly wholesome. Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. One’s thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done.
B.Directions: Translate the following passage in to English.(15 points)
47.几年前我流着眼泪读完托尔斯泰（Leo Tolstoy）的小说《复活》（Resurrection）,曾经在扉页上写了一句话：“生活本身就是一个悲剧”。事实并不是这样。生活并不是一个悲剧。它是一个“搏斗”。我们生来做什么？或者说我们为什么要有这生命？罗曼·罗兰（Romain Roland）的回答是“为的是来征服它”。我认为他说得不错。（巴金）
2002年4月全国高教自考英语翻译试卷及答案
PART ONEⅠ. Multiple Choice Questions(30 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A,B,C andD. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness and write it down on the answer sheet.
1.Bill was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on, then suddenly the whole bridge was outlined in lights.
A.天快黑了，有人给比尔一把椅子，请他坐下等一会儿。忽然电灯全亮了，整座大桥的轮廓被灯照了出来。
B.给比尔一把椅子，他被要求坐下等一会儿，天快黑了。忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整座大桥的轮廓。
C.天快黑了，有人给比尔一把椅子，请他坐下等一会儿。忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整座大桥的轮廓。
D.给比尔一把椅子，他被要求坐下等一会儿，天快黑了。忽然电灯全亮了，整座大桥的轮廓被灯照了出来。
2.It will strengthen you to know that you distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated.
A.这会使你坚定地认识到，你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。
B.这会使你进一步坚定信念，因为你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。
C.知道你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏会使你进一步坚定信念。
D.当你知道你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏时，你就会力量倍增。
3.Alice rudely showed me the door.
A.爱丽斯无礼地向我指了一下门的位置。
B.爱丽斯无礼地让我看了看她的门。
C.爱丽斯无礼地把我送到门口。
D.爱丽斯无礼地把我轰出了门。
4.There's the bell; someone is at the door.
A.那里有个铃；门口有个人。
B.那里有个铃；有人在叫门。
C.铃响了，有人在门口。
D.铃响了，有人叫门。
5.There is no one of us but wishes to go to the exhibition.
A.我们每一个人都想去看展览。
B.没有谁想去看展览。
C.我们都没在，但有人想请我们去看展览。
D.虽然大家都没在，但我们都希望去看展览。
6.The car beeped at me until I fastened my seatbelt.
A.汽车向我发出了嘟嘟的声音，直到我系上了安全带。
B.汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我系上安全带就不响了。
C.汽车在我系上安全带之前才发出嘟嘟的声音。
D.汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我才系上了安全带。
7.流传久远的作品是靠文学技巧流传，谁会关心百十年前的生活?
A. Literary works have stood the test to time because of the skill, who today really cares about the details of life a hundred years ago?
B. Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill. Who today really cares about the details of life a hundred years ago?
C. Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill with which they were written. Who today really cares about the details of what life was like a hundred years ago?
D. Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill with which they were written, who today really cares about the details of what life was like a hundred years ago?
8.应该对货币流通量进行控制，使其有利于人民币价值的稳定，有利于经济的增长。
A. The volume of money in circulation should keep at a level beneficial to stabilizing the value of the RMB and to economic growth.
B.The volume of money in circulation should be kept at a level that will stabilize the value of the RMB and encourage economic growth.
C.The volume of money in circulation should be kept at a level beneficial to stabilize the value of the RMB and to encourage economic growth.
D.The volume of money in circulation should be kept at a level beneficial to stabilizing the value of the RMB and to economic growth.
9.发展是硬道理。
A. Development is the hard reason.
B. Development is the hard principle.
C. Development is the absolute reason.
D. Development is the absolute principle.
10.不发达地区大都是拥有丰富资源的地区，发展潜力是很大的。
A.Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources, have great potential for development.
B.Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources and have great potential for development.
C.Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources development potential is very great.
D.Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources and their development potential very great.
B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Select the one that best completes each statement and write it down on the answer sheet.
11.“凡是翻译，必须兼顾着两面，一当然力求其易解，一则保存着原作的丰姿。”这是_______提出的。A.鲁迅B.瞿秋白C.茅盾D.郭沫若
12.杨宪益说：“译者应尽量忠实于原文的形象，既不要夸张，也不要夹带任何别的东西”。他针对的是______。
A.任何一种翻译
B.文学翻译
C.诗歌翻译
D.汉英翻译
13.“上下文在解决语言单位的多义性问题上起着最重要的作用。”这是______的论述。A.林纾B.巴尔胡达罗夫C.泰特勒 D.费多罗夫
14.王力先生指出，中国语里多用意合法，______。
A.因此连词用得较多
B.因为主从结构用得较多
C.联结成分并非必需
D.联结成分十分需要
15.汉语有很多四字成语，译成英语时，译文______。
A.一定要保持原文的形象
B.一定要脱离原文的形象
C.一定要符合原文的意思
D.一定要在英语中找到对应的成语
PART TWO
Ⅱ.Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A. Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.
16.a man of letters17.the gold rush18.national census19.sustainable development20.arid gully21.science fiction
22.like a drowned rat23.applied entomology24.an insect-free https://www.sodocs.net/doc/574920261.html,mon groundB. Directions: Put the following phrases into English.26.手语27.《新民主主义论》28.北伐29.市政府30.跨国公司31.丝绸之路32.泰晤士河33.安理会34.大陆架35.祝酒词Ⅲ.Translation Improvement(20 points, 2 points for each)Directions: Each of the following translations has one or more
inadequacies.Improve the given translations.
A. Example:原文：He asked after you.译文：他在你之后发问。改译：他问起你的情况。
36.原文：By 1820, it was standard to bring workers into a factory and have them overseen.译文：到1820年，标准方式已经是把工人雇到工厂里，使他们监督。
37.原文：Many exciting and experimental things in theatre are also being done in university theatres and community centers.译文：许多令人兴奋的，在剧场里的实验性的东西，也在大学的剧场和社区中心上演。
38.原文：Don't lose time in doing your homework.译文：别在做作业上浪费时间。
39.原文：I discovered that more than desire and emotion were necessary to write, so I dropped the idea.译文：我发现，要写作，需要更大的愿望和更丰富的感情。于是，我放弃了写作的念头。
40.原文：Presently he was met by an elderly parson astride on a gray mare, who, as he rode, hummed a wandering tune.
译文：过了一会儿，有一个上了年纪的牧师，骑着一匹灰色的母马，用一种拿不准的语调嘟囔着甚么，迎面向他走来。
41.原文：A friend exaggerates a man's virtue, an enemy his crimes.
译文：朋友极力赞扬你的美德，敌人你的罪过。
B.Example: 原文：展望二十一世纪，我们坚信前景将更加美好。译文：Look into the 21st century, we are convinced that there lies an even brighter future. 改译：Looking into the 21st century, we are convinced that there lies an even brighter future.
42.原文：这样，不仅我能更好地为他们服务，与他们进行感情交流，也减少了一些他们与其他乘客的误会和纠纷。
译文：In this way, I can render them better service and exchange feelings with them and also reduce their misunderstandings and conflicts with other passengers.
43.原文：中国在自己发展的长河中，形成了优良的历史文化传统。译文：In the prolonged course of China's development, it has formed its fine historical and cultural traditions.
44.原文：科学技术是第一生产力。译文：Science and technology are a first productive force.
45.原文：计划经济不等于社会主义，资本主义也有计划；市场经济不等于资本主义，社会主义也有市场。译文：A planned economy is not equivalent to socialism, there is planning under capitalism too; a market economy is not capitalism, there are markets under socialism too.
Ⅳ.Paragraph Translation (30 points)A. Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.(20 points)
46.Vegetable oil has been known from antiquity. No household can get on without it, for it is used in cooking. Perfumes may be made from the oils of certain flowers. Soaps are made from vegetable and animal oils.
……
Two metal surfaces rubbing together cause friction and heat; but if they are separated by a thin film of oil, the friction and heat are reduced. No machine would work for long if it were not properly lubricated. The oil used for this purpose must be of the correct thickness; if it is too thin it will not give sufficient lubrication, and if it is too thick it will not reach all parts that must be lubricated.
B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English.(10 points)
47.革命是解放生产力，改革也是解放生产力。推翻帝国主义、封建主义、官僚资本主义的反动统治，使中国人民的生产力获得解放，这是革命，所以革命是解放生产力。
二〇〇二年上半年全国高等教育自学考试英语翻译试卷参考答案
Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions(30 points, 2 poin ts for each)1.C 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.A6.B 7.C 8.D 9.D 10.B11.A 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.C Ⅱ.Phrase Translation(20 points, 1 point for each)A.16.作家 17.淘金热18.全国人口普查 19.可持续发展20.干涸的峡谷21.
科幻小说22.像落汤鸡23.应用昆虫学24.无昆虫的世界25.共同点
B.26.sign language27.On New Democracy28.the Northern Expedition29.the Municiple Government30.multinational(或 transnational) corporation(或company)31.the Silk Road32.the Thames33.the Security Council34.continental shelf35.toast
Ⅲ.Translation Improvement(20 points, 2 point for each)
A.36.到1820年，标准方式已经是把工人雇到工厂里，在工头监督下劳动。
37.许多令人兴奋的实验剧目，也在大学的剧场和社区中心上演。38.抓紧时间做作业吧。
39.我发现，要写作，需要的不仅仅是愿望和感情。于是。我放弃了写作的念头。
40.过了一会儿，有一个上了年纪的牧师，骑着一匹灰色的母马，一路信口哼着一个小调，迎面向他走来。
41.朋友极力赞扬你的美德，敌人极力宣扬你的罪过。
B.42.In this way, I can render them better service and be friends with them and also reduce their misunderstandings and conflicts with other passengers.
43.In the prolonged course of its development, China has formed its fine historical and cultural traditions.
44.Science and technology are a primary productive force.
45.A planned economy is not equivalent to socialism, because there is planning under capitalism too; a market economy is not capitalism, because there are markets under socialism too.
Ⅳ.Paragraph TranslationA. 46.植物油自古以来就为人们所熟悉。任何家庭都离不开它，因为做饭的时候就要用它。有些花儿产生的油可以用来制造香水。植物油和动物油还可以用来制作肥皂。……
两个金属面相擦，就要产生摩擦和热；但如果在它们之间抹上薄薄的一层油，就可以减少摩擦，降低热度。任何机械如果不使用一定的润滑剂，就不能持续工作。润滑油浓度必须适当，太稀则起不到应有的润滑作用，太稠则流不到所有需要润滑的零件。
47.Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces, and so does reform. The overthrow of the reactionary rule of imperialism , feudalism and bureaucrat-capitalism helped release the productive forces of the Chinese people. This was revolution, so revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces.
全国高等教育自学考试模拟试卷（一）翻译参考答案
I．词语翻译1. 1）从早到晚2）从……开始3）牛津大学4）主权国家5）高速公路
2. 1) new democracy2) Capitalism3) the basic principle4) registered capital5) Environment Law
II. 改错1. 1) "你们不应该费这么多电，就为了让我高兴,"他不満道。
2）可是，那是个男子汉的面庞，严肃而聪颖，朱德看他大概是二十五六岁的年龄。
3）比尔说："我在国内不过是个流浪汉，而你们在这里却把我当成一位要人。"
4) 这时候，主人总要为他举行宴会，周恩来总理总要出席。
5）然而，到了1750年，一场更大的运动已经在酝酿之中。
6）工业革命是指从1760年开始的一长串的变革。
7）在得克萨斯州，养牛早就是一项重要行业，战后尤见繁荣。
8) 采矿者开发了这些地区，建立了村镇，打下了长期居住的基础。
3. 1) 他已经三十六岁，青春像一路鸣叫的鹰，早已一闪而逝……
2）我马上对这种用手指在手心里写字的游戏产生了兴趣，接着就模仿起来。
3）比尔做为中国政府的客人访问中国，好几次都赶上在北京过生日。
4）两位来客把经历说完后，周恩来微笑着说，他可以帮他们找到住的地方，……
5）在修建英国的运河网的过程中，有两点是非常突出的，而这两点也正是整个工业革命的特点。
6）布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把开凿运河叫做navigation。
7）以农家为单位组织劳动已经不能生产足够的产品了。
III. 填空1. 人民群众活动的场所2. 天渐渐暗了下来3. 规划得最好的4. 谈到健康问题5. 朝着跟它相连的那个布勒谷（或者布莱谷）里面的马勒村往家里走去。6. 一路信口哼着一个小调儿。7. 他正在布置一只玻璃柜上的一些新奇化妆品，要摆成一种特别的式样。8. 就面临着每年损失高达二千万美元的局面。9. 可以用作润滑剂。10. cover 818000 square nautical miles.
IV. 选择1. b 2. b 3 ~ 5. 译文2
V. 段落翻译1. 油可以分为三大类：动物油，植物油，矿物油。大量的动物油是从鲸鱼身上得来的。鲸鱼是海里的庞然大物，是世界上现有动物中最大一种。大自然为了保护鲸鱼，使它不致在北冰洋受冻，便让它长了厚厚的一层脂肪，叫做鲸脂。鲸鱼杀死之后，把鲸脂剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行的，有的是在岸上进行的，这样，就能生产出大量的油，供人们食用。有些动物也出油，但都没有鲸鱼出得多。鳕鱼和比目鱼，这两种鱼的肝脏出的油营养丰富。从这两种鱼得来的鱼肝油可以给缺少某些种维生素的患儿或其他病人服用。这两种鱼肝油在任何一家药房里都可以买到。
2. China has a population of more than1.2billion, and its land natural resources per capita are lower that the world's average. Official statistics show that China has a land area of 9.6 million sq. km, making it the third - biggest country in the world. However, the land area per capita is only 0.008 sq. km, much lower than the world's average of 0.3 sq. km per capita. In recent years China's average annual amount of freshwater resources has been 2,800 billion cum, ranking sixth in the world; but the amount of freshwater resources per capita is only one - fourth the world average. China is rich in land mineral resources, but the amount per capita is less than half the figure per capita worldwide. As a major developing country with a long coastline, China, therefore, must take exploitation and protection of the ocean as a long - term strategic task before it can achieve the sustainable development of its national economy.
英语翻译重点词汇完整篇
英语翻译重点词汇(1)
fellow countrymen 同胞 militarist军阀 Chinese Communist Party 党组织 the Grand Canal （京杭）大运河
Industrial Revolution 工业革命 dawn to dark从早到晚 especially English 具有英国特征的 cottage industry 农村手工业
Indian summer 最后的余辉 stock-raising 畜牧业 Homestead Act 宅地法 wild west 西部荒原 the gold rush 淘金热
basic occupation 基础产业 Department of Agriculture 农业部门 the Nile Delta 尼罗河三角洲 coastal erosion 水土流失Mediterranean climate 地中海型气候 surveyor general 测量总监 sovereign nation 主权国家 aggregate output 总产量
coastal area 沿海地区 telephone connections 电话用户 economic well-being 生活水平 two way trade 双向贸易
lucrative export market 出口市场 foreign exchange 外汇 sum total 总数 per capita 人均 GNP 国民生产总值
joint ventures 合资企业 net income 净收入 world investment system世界投资体系 the stock of foreign investment 外资存量
英语翻译重点词汇（４）
生产经营活动方案 proposals for production and business operations收支预算 the budget for revenues and expenditure
利润分配 the distribution of profits审计师 the auditors毛利润 gross profit储备基金 reserve fund净利润 net profit
优惠待遇 preferential treatment所得税 the income tax国家外汇管理机关 State agency for foreign exchange
金融机构 financial institution外汇账户 a foreign exchange account保险公司 insurance company国际市场 world market
有关外汇事宜 foreign exchange transactions个人所得税 individual income tax不可抗力 force majeur
基本方针 the basic principle兴修水利infensify water-contral project科技进步 the development of science and technology 稻田 paddy fields养鱼业fish culture养殖 aquaculture生产能力 productive capacity人工草场 the artificial grasslands
国际海洋年 the International Ocean Year其他合法权益 other lawful right开始营业 start operations工业产权 industrial capital 总经理 general manager总工程师 chief engineer总会计师 treasurer正副厂长factory manager and deputy manager
享受优惠待遇 enjoy preferential treatment
英语翻译重点词汇（5）
Premier总理financial deficit财务赤字arbitration agency仲裁机构regional autonomy地方自治automobile components汽车部件ASEAN东盟(东南亚国家联盟)natural enemies of insects昆虫的天敌consumer goods消费品footbridge天桥Keen interest浓厚兴趣subtropical plant亚热带植物social security system社会保障制度pension fund养老金regular event常事
municipal government自治政府entrepreneurial spirit进取精神to give something much thought仔细想某事
cling to youth与年轻人呆在一起carriage drawn by the horse乘马车Federal Power Commission联邦电力委员会
the Long March长征neighboring enviroment周边环境live on one's own life独立生活freshly harvested刚割的
marine insurance海事保险scarce tactic吓唬人的办法a far cry from完全不同in this respect在这方面
industrial pollution工业污染international understanding国际间的了解prime minister首相
sino-American relationship中美关系stand squarely端端正正地站着establish communities建立村镇mineral deposit矿藏
flows of capital资本流动power of nature自然的力量the ice was broken打破了僵局science of biotic controls生物控制学domestic legislation国内立法full diplomtic relations正式外交关系natural beauty自然美
more than ten years his junior比他年轻十几岁open public domain开放的公共地带typical masterpiece具有代表意义的杰作
to imprint on one's mind印在某人的脑海里tentative and uncertain manner试探和踌躇的举止wind and twist蜿蜒
vaguely worded措词含糊to and fro走来走去brightly painted颜色鲜艳的
英语翻译重点词汇（6）
average annual rainfall平均年降雨量ravages of time时间的摧残the flower of one's youth风华正茂in unison一致
turn one's back on拒绝,冷眼相看court of appeals上诉法院international affairs国际事务magnificient dinner盛大晚宴
full member正式成员vast size and resources地大物博outward investor对外投资者a kind of invitation殷勤的邀请
sober-faced沉静的right to know知情权unpublished works未出版的作品welcoming banquet欢迎宴会
historically significant experiment具有历史意义的尝试in his middle twenties二十多岁outstanding feature突出特点
undue absoption in the past过分地怀念过去resonant voice洪亮的声音universal convention世界公约
immeasurable contrast迥然不同sucking vigor汲取力量meticulously dressed穿着讲究well-mannered silence规规矩矩
now and again有时works of the human kind人类精神产品scientific exchange科学交流it rains cats and dogs倾盆大雨gleaming eyes闪光的眼睛source of power能源everlastingly无穷无尽的property damage财产损失
the birth and death of the day每一天的诞生和消亡Sir John约翰爵士on board ship在船上common ground共同点
average height中等身材in the air酝酿中life-giving赋予生命global economy全球经济come and go霎时即去
market-day赶集日a narrow swale狭长的洼地toast干杯
英语翻译重点词汇（7）
金字塔Pyramid中国公民Chinese citizen维生素vitamin载人飞船manned airship生态环境environment
世界贸易组织World Trad Organization可耕地arable land'三个代表'重要思想Three Represents Important Idea
纬度latitude郁金香tulip首相Prime Minister生产条件production condition粮食总产量目标total grain output target
工业产权industrial property rights福礼sacrificial meat国民经济national economy大陆架continental shelves
和平共处peaceful coexistence深刻的影响profound impact交通动脉arteries of communication
平民文学literature for the common people熬夜to sit up 民族团结ethnic harmony, ethnic solidarity
各种流尖派的different schools不合理的制度irrational system花言巧语flowery language极西地带far west
经济改革economic reforms灌溉面积irrigated areas零工odd jobs战略任务strategic task有限责任公司a limited liability company 区域自治regional autonomy革命道路revolutionary road为…打下基础lay foundations for不良后果negtive effects
生活水平standard of living沿海城市coastal city花坛flower bed不惜力气not sparing oneself新兴城市the rising town
永久定居permanent settlement革命知识分子revolutionary intellectuals在…的号召下at the call of
英语翻译重点词汇（8）
散文集collection of essays试工期trial period排队queue up浓装艳抹heavy make up合法手续legal title
客观有利因素favorable objective factors高等教育higher education小买卖人a peddler先进技术advanced technology
民族精神national spirit测深绳sounding-line出于自愿和兴趣on one's own count, out of interest
电力生产electrical production历史遗址historical sites单位面积产量the yield per unit area
专属经济区exclusive economic zones储备基金reserve fund统一战线的革命运动the revolutionary movement of a united front 文艺节Festival of Arts完整的古代建筑群complete group of acient buildings世界投资体系world investment system
旧梦重温going through old dreams自给自足self-suffiiciency互不干涉内政non-interference无言的呼唤wordless cry
多功能机器multi-purpose machine平均率average rate月白色的pale green拉排子车pull a handcart学术交流academic exchange 五一的下午on the afternoon of May 1st河流入海口the mouth of the river无情的relentless初冬early winter
拉家带口be saddled with big families
英语翻译－各单元必会英汉互译词组
Lesson 1
1. fellow countrymen
2. average height
3. gleaming eyes
4. in his middle twenties
5. to be seated
6. stand squarely
7. more than ten years his junior 8. revolutionary road 9. Chinese communist Party 10. full member 11. membership
12. keep a secret
Lesson 2
1. immeasurable contrast
2. to and fro
3. upturn face
4. sweet spring
5. anger and bitterness
6. dense fog
7. tense and anxious 8. 五一的下午 9. 无言的呼唤 10. 探测绳
Lesson 3
1. 各种流派的
2. 前两天
3.受限制
4.传统观念
5.不合理的制度
6.最高境界
7.浓妆艳抹
8.主人公
9.花言巧语 10.社会进步和人性发展
Lesson 4
1. 工业革命
2. 多功能的机器
3. 出于自愿和兴趣
4. 新兴城市
5. 大胆的举止
6. 实干家
7. 交通动脉
8. in the air 9. source of power 10. outstanding feature
Lesson 5
1. 极西地带
2. 山区
3. 永久定居
4. 为…打下基础
5. 专门从事
6. 合法手续
7. establish communities 8. stock-raising 9. open public domain 10. regular event 11. high plains 12. criss-crossed
Lesson 6
1. 新民主主义
2. 五四运动
3. 辛亥革命
4. 革命知识分子
5. 帝国主义
6. 无产阶级
7. 在…的号召下
8. 小资产阶级知识分子
9. 统一战线的革命运动 10. 平民文学 11. 北伐战争 12. 右翼
Lesson 7
1. life-giving
2. everlastingly
3. the Nile Delta
4. freshly harvested
5. Mediterranean
6. the Pyramids
7. negative effects
8. a ghost town
9. brightly painted 10. member of a team 11. 河流入海口 12. 水坝发电
Lesson 8
1. Mt. Lofty Ranges
2. average annual rainfall
3. surveyor general
4. business district
5. residential section
6. municipal government
7.lord mayoralty
8. mineral deposit
9. marketing centre 10. automobile components 11. 地中海型气候 12. 文艺节
Lesson 9
1. Palace Museum
2. walled courtyard
3. watchtower
4. complete group of ancient buildings
5. ravages of time
6. ancient Chinese architecture
7. historical sites
8. cobbled roadway
9. Golden Water Bridge 10. typical masterpiece
Lesson 10
1. global economy
2. sovereign nation
3. mutual prosperity
4. sum total
5. foreign investment
6. per capita GNP
7. 沿海地区 8. 平均率 9. 电力生产 10. 双边贸易 11. 外汇 12. 生活水平
Lesson 11
1. marine insurance
2. flows of capital
3. foreign exchange dealing
4. outward investor
5. Pacific region
6. the right climate for
7. vast size and resources
8. to take a real interest in sth.
9. coastal city
10. international community 11. entrepreneurial spirit 12. 对外开放政策 13. 世界投资体系 14. 经济改革
Lesson 12
1. 基本方针
2. 自给自足
3. 客观有利因素
4. 生产条件
5. 耕地
6. 中、低产田
7. 灌溉面积
8. 宜农荒地
9. 复种指数
10. 水利工程 11. 单位面积产量 12. 粮食总产量目标
Lesson 13
1. agonizing flashback
2. come and go
3. property damage
4. monotonous
5. flash-flooding
6. to imprint on one’s mind
7. scare tactic 8. power of nature 9. river bed 10. to give sth. much thought 11. 无情的 12. 雨季
Lesson 14
1. maternal grandfather
2. the flower of one’s youth
3. popular s cience
4. undue absorption in the past
5. sucking vigor
6. live one’s own life
7. the founder of Girton College
8. clinging to youth
9. 过去的好时光 10. 高等教育
Lesson 15
1. 旧梦重温
2. 儿童出版社
3. 散文集
4. 丝绸之路
5. 历史古迹
6. 大英博物馆
7. 简单的早餐
8. 花坛
9. 斗兽场 10. 教皇
Lesson 16
1. wandering tune
2. haggler
3. order sb. About
4. pedigree
Lesson 17
1. insinuate into
2. occur to somebody
3. novelty
Lesson 18
1. to spare oneself
2. trace of a smile
3. take on sb.
4. go-between
5. downcast eyes
6. lackluster
7. to be a good boy
8. to chop wood
9. innards
Lesson 19
1. foothill
2. freshet
3. ranch life
4. topple
Lesson 20
1. a far cry from
Lesson 21
1. 旧社会
2. 拉家带口
3. 排队等待
4. 瓢泼大雨
5. 落汤鸡
6. 节约
7. 铜板
8. 说…的好
9. 织毛线 10. 纺线 11. 剧团
12. sth do for sb. 13. jostle 14. to live on 15. frantically
Lesson 22
1. refine into
2. interval combustion engine
3. illumination
4. friction
5. sedimentary rocks
6. refinery
7. vapor 8. pitch lake 9. lubrication 10. Arctic Seas 11. shale
Lesson 23
1. living organisms
2. applied entomology
3. pathology
4. genetics
5. physiology
6. biochemistry
7. ecology
Lesson 24
1.海洋可持续发展战略
2. 大陆架
3. 专属经济区
4. 渔场
5.陆地自然资源
6.行使主权
7. 浅海
8. 娱乐、消遣
9.联合国海洋法公约
Lesson 25
1. environmental law
2. statute
3. indictment
4. court of appeals
5. strip mining
6. enacting legislation
7. amendment
8. bill
9. hearings 10. tradeoff
Lesson 26
1. The Contracting States
2. facilitate
3. dissemination
4. international understanding
5. Universal Copyright Convention
6. hereinafter
7. accede to
8. instrument
Lesson 27
1. adopt at
2. in accordance with …
3. regarding
4. Chinese -Foreign Equity Joint Venture
5. hereinafter referred to as
6. principle of equality and mutual benefit
7. with a view to do sth.
8. pursuant to
9. comply with 10. provision 11. competent department 12. stipulate in 13. 总收益 14. 劳资 15. 总会计师 16. 审计师 17. 储备金 18. 免税 19. 个人所得税 20. 违反合同21. 仲裁 22. 生效 23. 调解
Lesson 28
1. pay tribute to
2. common ground
3. 祝酒词
4. 分歧
Lesson 29
1. the Long March
2. sense of diversity
3. join hands to…
4. culminate in
5. foundation
6. non-governmental sectors
Lesson 30
1. 团结统一
2. 民族团结
3. 振兴中华
4. 现代化建设
5. 对外政策
6. 不称霸
7. 和平共处五项原则
8. 精神力量
9. 自我完善
10. 社会震动 11. 社会主义法治国家 12. 面向 13. 文明的 14. 不屈不挠的斗争15. 归根到底 16. 充分证明 17. 全面推进改革
18. 社会主义市场经济体制 19. 社会主义民主政治 20. 科教兴国 21. 思想道德素质 22. 科学文化素质
英语翻译试题
I．词语翻译(10分)1．将下列词语译成汉语
1) take the train2) late October3) the potential of trade4) sum total5) aggregate output
2．将下列词语译成英语1) 对照阅读2) 革命道路3) 现阶段4) 目前5) 粮食总产量
II．改错(30分) 1．下列单句译文有错误，请加以改正。
1) Since world was II, the U. S. has been the world's largest economy and, in most years, the world's largest exporter.译文：自从第二次世界大战以来，美国一直是世界是最大的经济。在大多数年代中，它又是世界是最大的出口国。
2) We ourselves attract more foreign investment than any country but the US; more US investment than in the whole Pacific region.译文：我们所吸引的外资额仅次于美国，居世界第二，而我们在美投资高于在整个太平洋地区的投资总和。
3) We Britain rely more than any other major economy on the goods and services that we export, the investment that we attract and we make abroad.译文：英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖超过了对其它经济的依赖。
4) I believe it is China's interest to build on this foundation, to consolidate her place in the international system.译文：我相信，在此基础上进一步努力并巩固中国在国际体系中的地位是中国的兴趣所在。
5) For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home.译文：对我们英国来说，作为欧盟和世界贸易组织的成员，我们已把这一点带回了国内。
6) Given a relatively stable sown area, China can achieve its desired total grain output target if the annual average increase rate of per unit area yield is one percent from 1996 to 2010 and 0.7 percent from 2011 to 2030.译文：给中国相对稳定的耕地面积，只要1996 ~ 2010 年粮食单产年均递增百分之一，2011 ~ 2030 年年圴递增百分之零点七，就可以达到予预期的粮食总产量目标。
7) 通过改造中低产田、兴修水利、扩大灌溉面积、推广先进技术等工程和生物措施，可使每公顷产量提高1500公斤以上。译文：The grain output per hectare can be increased more than 1500kg through the upgrading of medium - and low - yield, intensifying water - control projects, enlarging irrigated areas and spreading the use of advanced agrotechnology.
8) But the importance of trade in our economy has exploded in the past three decades.译文：但在过去三十年中，贸易在我国经济中的重要性发生了爆炸。
2．下列单句译文有缺点或句子结构有问题请加以改进。
1) President Clinton realized ------ as all of us must -------- that today's economy is global.译文：克林顿总统认识到-------正如每个人必须认识到的那样--------当今的经济具有全球性质。
2) America supports international trade because we believe fundamentally that trade will enrich those notions who embrace its discipline.译文：美国支持国际贸易，因为我们确信，贸易会使那些拥有行为准则的国家富裕起来。
3) The most populous country in the world, China ranked a distant 30th among exporting nations.译文：世界上人口最多的中国在出口国中排在远远的第30位。
4) The conclusion we reached in Britain is that change simply cannot sensibly be put off.译文：我们英国人得出的结论是，改革完全不能理智地被推迟。
5) 现阶段中国已经实现了粮食基本自给，在未来的发展过程中，中国依靠自己的力量实现粮食基本自给，客观上具备诸多有利因素。译文：China has basically achieved self - sufficiency in grain at the present stage, and there are many favorable objective factors for her to achieve self - sufficiency in grain by her own efforts in the course of future development.
6) 提高现有耕地单位面积产量有潜力。译文：Increasing the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land has potential.
7) 中国水域、草原、山地资源丰富，开发潜力巨大。译文：China's water, grassland and sloping land resources are rich. They have great potential for exploitation.
III.填空（20分）根据下列单句中的原文填充译文中的空白。
1．我常常同主人公一起哭笑，又常常绝望地乱搔头发。译文：I both cried and laughed _____________________ my principal characters, and often despondently scratched my head.
2．我赶快向男乘客作了解释，又用纸条写了一句话，举到女乘客的眼前："对不起！他要下车……"译文：I wrote on a slip of paper: "Excuse me, ____________________ he wants to get off……"
3. Altogether, between 1866 and 1888, some six million heads of cattle were driven up from Texas to winter on the high plains of Colorado, Wyoming, and Montana.译文：在一九六六年至一八八年间，__________________ 有六百万头牛从得州放牧到科罗拉多、怀俄明、蒙大拿等地的高原上过冬。
4. 五四运动是反帝国主义的运动，又是反封建的运动。译文：The May 4th movement was an anti - imperialist ____________ an anti - feudal movement.
5. 故宫面积72公顷，环绕故宫的城墙高35英尺。译文：_____________ an area of 72ha. , the Palace is enclosed by walls over 35ft. high.
6. 在1977年，中国进出口总额还不到150亿美元，仅占世界贸易总额的0.6%。译文：In 1977, the sum total of Chinese imports and exports was less than 15 billion, putting China's share of world trade ___________ 0.6 percent.
7. In 1970, the value of two way trade was equal to just 13% of the U. S. economy. Last year, that figure, at 28%, was more than twice as high.译文：去年上升到28%，比1970年____________________。
8. Since reform began in 1978, an average growth rate of almost 10% a year has seen China's GNP nearly quadruple.译文：自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均近10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值几乎_________________。
9. 早睡早起使人身体健康。文：Early to rise _______________ early to bed makes a man healthy.
10. 对不起，请问往车站怎么走？译文：Excuse me, _____________ which is the way to the station?
IV. 选择 (10分)下列各组每组有两句话，请在正确的话后面的括弧里打对号。
1. 1) 傅雷认为，翻译时应重形似而不重神似。 ()2）傅雷认为，翻译时应重神似而不重形似。（）
2. 1) Ciero said: "I didn't think it necessary to translate word for word" ( ) 2) Ciero said: "I thought it necessary to translate words for words" ( )
3. 1)确切翻译以整体与部分之间的均衡为前提。()2)确切翻译以部分与部分之间的均衡为前提。（）
4. 1)英语中抽象名词比汉语中多。（）2)汉语中抽象名词比英语中多。（）
5. 1)汉语多用单句表达，科技英语常用多重复合结构表达。（）2)科技英语多用单句表达，汉语常用多重复合结构表达。（）
V．段落翻译（30分）1. 将下列短文译成汉语
As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase "environmental law" would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from many lawyers. Such issues as clean air, pure water and freedom from noise pollution were not important public concerns. There were, of course, numerous state and some federal laws intended to protect America's rivers and streams from excessive industrial pollution and to guard wildlife from the depredations of man. But these regulations were generally ignored. With enforcement power dispersed among many federal, state and local agencies, most of which were seriously undermanned, and with noncompliance penalties so slight as to have little more than harassment value, there were few incentives to obey the laws. Indeed, many environmental statutes were so little publicized and so vaguely worded that their existence was hardly known and meaning was scarcely understood.
2. 将下列短文译成英语
毛泽东先生一生对二十四史做过许多评点和批注，为认识中国的历史和吸取历史经验，留下了丰富的思想遗产。我高兴地得知，陆登庭校长将于明年访华，我期待在北京与你再次见面。我很欣赏哈佛校门的一段话："为增长智慧走进来，为服务祖国和同胞走出去。"中国青年也把"胸怀祖国、服务人民"作为自己的座右铭。我希望中美两国青年在建设各自国家、促进世界和平与发展的事业中，加深了解，互相学习，增进友谊，为创造美好的未来而努力奋斗。
全国高等教育自学考试模拟试卷（二）翻译参考答案
I．词语翻译1. 1）乘火车2) 十月3) 贸易潜力4) 总数、总额5) 总产量
2. 1) bilingual reading2) a revolutionary road3) at the present stage4) at present5) total grain output
II.1.1) 自从第二次世界大战以来，美国一直是世界上最大的经济大国。在大多数年代中，它又是世界上最大的出口国。
2) 我们所吸引的外资仅次于美国，居世界第二，而美国在英投资高于其在整个太平洋地区的投资总和。
3) 英国对商品和服务出口以及投资和引资的依赖超过了世界上其它主要经济体。
4) 我相信，在此基础上进一步努力并巩固中国在国际体系中的地位符合中国的利益。
5) 对我们英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们对这一点深有感触。
6) 在播种面积相对稳定的前提下，只要1996 ~ 2010年粮食单产年均递增百分之一, 2001 ~ 2030年年均递增百分之零点七,就可以达到预期的粮食总产量目标。
7) The grain output per hectare can be increased by more than 1500kg through the upgrading of medium - and low - yield, intensifying water - control projects, enlarging irrigated areas and spreading the use of advanced agrotechnology.
8) 但在过去三十年中，贸易在我国经济中的重要性大大地增加了。
2.1) 正如每个人必须认识到的那样，克林顿总统认识到当今的经济具有全球性质。
2) 美国支持国际贸易，因为我们相信，贸易会使那些遵守行为准则的国家富裕起来。
3) 世界上人口最多的中国在出口国中排名靠后，仅是第30位。
4) 我们英国人得出的结论是，改革是大势所趋。
5) China has basically achieved self - sufficiency in grain at the present stage, and there are many favorable objective factors for her to maintain such achievement by her own efforts in the course of future development.
6) There is potential for increasing the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land.
7) China has rich water, grassland and sloping land resources, which have great potential for exploitation.
III. 填空1. I both cried and laughed along with my principal characters, and often despondently scratched my head.
2. I wrote on a slip of paper: "Excuse me, but he wants to get off……"
3. 在一八六六年至一八八八年间，大约有六百万头牛从得州放牧到科罗拉多、怀俄明、蒙大拿等地的高原上过冬。
4. The May 4th movement was an anti - imperialist as well as an anti - feudal movement.
5. Covering an area of 72ha. , the Palace is enclosed by walls over 35ft. high.
6. In 1977, the sum total of Chinese imports and exports was less that 15 billion, putting China's share of world trade at 0.6 percent.
7. 去年上升到28%，比1970年增加了一倍多。
8. 自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均近10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值几乎翻了两翻。
9. Early to rise and early to bed makes a man healthy.
10. Excuse me, but which is the way to the station?
IV. 选择1. 2)2 ~ 5. 1)
V. 段落翻译1. 早在六十年代初，甚至许多律师接触到"环保法"这个词儿，大半也只会感到纳闷而已。当时，诸如空气清新、水质洁净、无噪声污染之类的问题，都不是公众怎么了不起的关切所在。当然，已经有了许多州法和一些联邦法，其立法意图是保护美国的江河，使之免受过分的工业污染并保护野生生物不受人类的掠夺。可是对这些规定，人们一般都置之不理。由于执法的权力分散在许许多多的联邦、州和地方第三级机关（而这些机关大多人手严重不足），也由于因违法而科处的罚款微不足道（从而只有恼人心烦的意义），人们就缺乏服从法律的劲头了。说真的，许多环境法的宣传工作之薄弱与措词之含糊，使人简直不知道有环境法，而环境法的意义也就无人了解了。2. In his lifetime, Mr. Mao Zedong made numerous commentaries and annotations on the Twenty - Four Histories, thus leaving us with a rich heritage for the benefit of understanding and drawing useful lessons from China's history.I am glad to learn
that you, Lu Dengting, will visit China next year. I look forward to meeting you again in Beijing.I highly appreciate the motto on the gate of Harvard University. It reads "Enter to grow in wisdom, and depart to serve better the country and the kind". Young people in China have also a motto, that is, "Keep the motherland in heart and serve the people". I hope that while building our respective countries and promoting world peace and development, the Chinese youth and American youth will endeavor to understand each other letter, learn from each other, enhance their friendship and create a better future.
2000年4月全国英语英语翻译试卷、答案
本试题分两部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为非选择题，选择题20分，非选择题80分，满分100分。考试时间150分钟。全部题目用英文作答（英文翻译题目除外），并将答案写在答题纸相应位置上，否则不计分。
PART ONE
Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions（20 points, 2 points for each）
A、Directions:This part consists of five sentences, each followed by four different translations labeled A、
B、C and D. Choose the one that is the most equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.
1.In the years that followed, Bill learned to spell in this uncomprehending way a great many words.
A.在以后的岁月里，比尔就这样学着拼写，并且学会了拼写许多单词，真叫人难以理解。
B.在往后的几年里，比尔就这样学着拼写，虽然不理解意思，却也学会了拼写许多单词。
C.在尔后的年月里，令人不解的是，比尔就这样学着拼写，居然也学会了拼写许多单词。
D.令人不理解的是，在往后的日子里，比尔就这样学着拼写，而且学会了拼写许多单词。
2.It is undoubtedly true that poverty is still a problem in this country, as it is in many other developing and even developed economies.A.贫困毫无疑问仍然是这个国家面临的一个问题，正如其它许多发展中乃至发达的经济体制一样。
B.正如其它许多发展中的经济体制乃至发达的经济体制一样，贫困无疑仍然是这个国家的一个问题。
C.同其它许多发展中乃至发达国家一样，贫困毫无疑问仍然是这个国家面临的一个问题。
D.毫无疑问，这个国家同其它许多发展中国家乃至发达国家一样，仍然存在着贫困问题。
3.破镜虽已粘补，但既不美观，又不牢固。
A.A mirror that has been glued back together has an unsightly flaw and breaks again easily.
B.Though it can be glued back together, a mirror does not look beautiful but fragile.
C.a broken mirror, though glued back together, does not look beautiful but fragile.
D.A broken mirror, though glued back together, has an unsightly flaw and breaks again easily.
4.为了发展初等教育，根据我国宪法和实际，特制订本法律。
A.This law has been drawn up on the basis of the Constitution and the reality in our country in order to develop primary education.
B.In order to develop primary education and in accordance with the Constitution and the reality in our country, this law has been drawn up.
C.We have drawn up this law in light of the Constitution and the reality in our country to develop primary education.
D.According to the Constitution and the reality in our country, we have drawn up this law in order to develop primary education.
5.不搞改革，不坚持开放政策，我们确定的战略目标就不能实现。
A.If we do not carry out reforms and adhere to the opening-up policy, the strategic goals we have determined can not be achieved.
B.Without carrying out reforms and following the opining-up policy, our strategic goals can not be reached.
C.We can not achieve our strategic goals unless we carry out reforms and adhere to the opening-up policy.
D.Without carrying out reforms and following the opening-up policy, it is impossible for us to reach our strategic goals.
B、Directions:This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices labeled A、B、C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement.
6.就英汉两种语言的区别而言，下列选项中不正确的一项是_____________。
A.英语代词使用得多，汉语代词使用得少
B.英语形合句用得多，汉语意合句用得多
C.英语定语位置较固定，汉语定语位置较灵活
D.英语状语位置较灵活，汉语状语位置较固定
7.就法律英语的特点而言，下列选项中不正确的一项是_____________。
A.结构紧凑，层次分明
B.措辞严谨，忌生歧义
C.条理清楚，关涉明晰
D.简洁明快，避免重复
8._______________虽然不谙英语，但依靠他人口述原作意思，翻译了大量的欧美小说。 A.林纾B.严复C.鲁迅D.傅雷
9.In The Theory and Practice of Translation, _____________ and Charles R. Taber emphasize the importance of the translator\'s respect for the genius of each language.
A.Saint Jerome
B.Eugene A.Nida
C.Cicero
D.A.F.Tytler
10.In relating the translator\'s work, Theodore Savory concludes that the translator must take into account all the following factors except _____________.
A.the content of the original text
B.the meaning of the original text
C.the style of the original text
D.the readership of the original text
PART TWOⅡ.Phrase Translation（20 points, 1 point for each）
A、Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.
11.stock market12.overseas investment13.trade surplus14.mean temperature15.continedtal shelf16.freedom from noise https://www.sodocs.net/doc/574920261.html,rmation superhighway18.full diplomatic relations19.the principle of equality20.books on popular science
B、Directions: Put the following phrases into English.
21.全国人民代表大会22.市场经济23.珠江三角洲24.纯利润25.故宫博物馆26.世界贸易组织27.和平共处28.个人所得税29.版权公约30.社会稳定
Ⅲ.Translation Improvement（30 points, 2 points for each）A、Directions: Each of the following Chinese translations has on of more inadequacies. Improve the given translations.
Example原文：Adelaide enjoys a Medierranean climate.译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。
31.原文：He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but
said nothing.
译文：他耸了耸他的肩，摇了摇他的头，他的两眼看着天，一句话也不说。
32.原文:He was like a cock, who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.译文：他像只以为太阳升起来就是为了听他叫的公鸡。
33.原文:She tried her best to right her husband from the charge of robbery.译文：她尽力纠正丈夫的抢劫行为。
34.原文:I welcome the opportunity created for Hongkong by the election of Mr.Tong Chee-hua as chief executive of the Hongkong SAR.译文：我欢迎董建华先生当选香港特别行政区行政长官为香港带来的新的机遇。
35.原文:She recognized the absurdity of dealing with these people through intermediaries.译文：她认识到通过中间人跟这些人打交道的愚蠢性。
36.原文:He had talked to President Clinton, who assured him that everything that could be done would be done.译文：他和克林顿总统交谈过。他保证，凡是能做到的都将尽力去做。
37.原文:One can never see too many summer sunrises on the Mississippi River.译文：夏天，人们永远不能在密西西比河上看到太多的日出。
38.原文:I owned a town house, a summer cottage in the mountains and a car to take myself about.译文：以前，我有幢城里的房子、山间避暑的别墅和出门用的小汽车。
B、Directions:Each of the following English translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translations. Example原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。译文：To write a preface to his collection of his essays gives me a great honor.改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays.
39.原文:首相及其随从人员参观人故宫。从前中国皇帝在故宫过着奢华显赫的生活。译文:The Prime Minister and his group of aides toured the Forbidden City, the Chinese emperors once lived in lofty splendor.
40.原文:我去年写了四本书，打破了以往的记录。译文:I wrote four books last year, a record never touching before.
41.原文:样品及说明书如蒙早寄来，不胜感激。译文:If samples and brochures could soon be forwarded to us, it would be appreciated.
42.原文:中国将努力促进粮食增产，使粮食自给率在正常情况下不低于95%。译文:China endeavors to increase its grain production, its self-sufficiency rate will be above 95 percent under normal conditions.
43.原文:总投资达10亿美元的新机场于1995年10月26日开始兴建。译文:The new airport with a total investment of one billion US dollars began on October 26,1995.
44.原文:武汉是长江中游地区的大城市，是湖北省的政治、经济和文化中心。译文:Wuhan, is a metropolis situated in the middle reaches of the Changjiang River, is the political, economic and cultural centre of Hubei Province.
45.原文:合营企业的一切活动均须遵守中华人民共和国的法律、法令和其它有关规定。译文:All activities of an equity joint venture shall observe the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People\'s Republic of China.
Ⅳ.Paragraph Translation（30 points, 15 points for each）A、Directons:Translate the underlined parts of the following passage into Chinese.
46.Owing to the energy crisis and sky-high prices, some Americans, at least, are beginning to pay attention to small savings that were regarded as unimportant only yesterday. This new spirit of frugality is most remarkable in direct efforts to conserve gas and other fuels.People prefer high-mileage cars, and drivers have begun to develop the habit of cutting off the engine during long waits. Quite a few Americans have taken to walking or biking on shorter trips, and not just for the exercise.The new spirit is seen in other aspects of daily life, too. More people are having meatless meals. Some are raising vegetables for reasons other than taste. Families are also turning to secondhand markets for things they need. Thick quilts are replacing electric blankets in some bedrooms. In certain areas people are taking more shoes to shops for repair, and repair stores are doing a good business.Such spirit can be seen all over the country.
B、Directions:Translate the underlined parts of the following passage into English.
47.最近，美国报刊报道了这样一件事儿：有一对贫穷的美国夫妇，两人都失业了，由于付不起房租，不得不从久居的房子里搬出来，带着儿子住在汽车里。一天，这对夫妇在路上捡到一个钱包，里面有2500美元。他们是多么需要这样一笔钱呀！丈夫认为应该把钱交给警察局，妻子犹豫了一下，也同意了……没过多久，失主就来认领了。按美国的惯例，失主应该给这对夫妇20%左右的酬金。然而，失主一分钱没给就走了。警察感到非常失望和遗憾，就把此事披露给新闻界。这件事经报纸、电视报道就传开了。一时间，警察局收到全国成百上千的来信，信中赞扬这对诚实的夫妇，有的信中还夹着100美元或200美元。有200家公司向这对夫妇提供就业机会。当记者采访他们时，妻子哭了。美国有句谚语：诚实总是上策。这对夫妇的经历又一次证实了这句谚语。
二○○○年上半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试翻译试题参考答案
Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions（20 points, 2 points for each）[参考答案]1.B2.D3.A4.A5.C6.C7.D8.A9.B10.D
Ⅱ.Phrase Translation（20 points, 1 point for each）
[参考答案]A、11.股票市场/证券市场12.海外投资13.贸易顺差14.平均温度15.大陆架16.无噪声污染17.信息高速公路18.正式外交关系19.平等原则20.科普书籍
B、21.the National People\'s Congress22.market economy23.the Pearl River Delta/the Zhujiang（River）https://www.sodocs.net/doc/574920261.html, profit25.the Palace Museum26.World Trade Organization/WTO27.peaceful coexistence28.individual income tax29.copyright convention30.social stability
Ⅲ.Translation Improvement（30 points, 2 points for each）
[参考答案]A、31.改译:他耸了耸肩，摇了摇头，两眼看着天，一句话也不说。
32.改译:他像只公鸡，以为太阳升起来就是听他叫的。
33.改译:有人指控她丈夫抢劫，她极力为丈夫申辩。
34.改译:董建华先生当选香港特别行政区行政长官，为香港带来了新的机遇。对此，我感到十分高兴。
35.改译:她认识到，通过中间人跟这些人打交通太愚蠢了。
36.改译:他和克林顿总统交谈过。总统向他保证，凡是能做到的都将尽力去做。
37.改译:夏天，密西西比河上的日出令人百看不厌。
38.改译:以前，我城里有房子，山里有别墅可以避暑，出门还有小汽车可以代步。
B、39.改译:The Prime Minister and his group of aides toured the Forbidden City, where（或 in which）the Chinese emperors once lived in lofty splendor.
40.改译:I wrote four books last year, a record never touched before.
41.改译:It would be appreciated if samples and brochures could soon be forwarded to us.
42.改译:China endeavors to increase its grain production so that its self-sufficiency rate will be above 95 percent under normal conditions.
43.改译:The construction of the new airport with a total investment of one billion US dollars began on October 26,1995.
44.改译:Wuhan,（which is）a metropolis situated in the middle reaches of the Changjiang River, is the political, economic and cultural center of Hubei Province.
45.改译:All activities of an equity joint venture shall conform to/comply with the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People\'s Republic of China.
Ⅳ.Paragraph Translation（30 points, 15 points for each）
[参考答案]A、46.大家现在都喜欢耗油量低的汽车。开车的人已开始养成一种习惯：等候时间较长就关掉发动机。不少（美国）人养成了路不远就步行或骑车的习惯，这样做并不只是为了锻炼身体。这种新的节俭精神在日常生活的其它方面也有所体现。越来越多的人吃饭时不吃肉了。有些人还种起了蔬菜，可这并不是为了换换口味。许多家庭还上旧货市场买（所需要的）东西。有些家庭不用电热毯了，又盖起了厚厚的被子。有的地方，到店里去修鞋的人多了起来，修鞋店的生意现在非常红火。
[参考答案]B、47.One day, on the road the couple found a wallet wallet with 2,500 dollars in it - a sum of money the poor family badly needed. The husband suggested, however, that the money be handed over to the police station. And the wife agreed after a "wavering second."Soon the wallet was claimed by the loser. According to the conventional practice in the United States, the owner of the wallet should the wallet owner left the police station without giving a cent. The police felt very disappointed and regretful, and therefore informed the press of the whole story, which then became publicly known through newspaper and TV reports.
2001(上)自考英语翻译试卷
满分100分。考试时间150分钟。将答案写在答题纸的相应位置上，否则不计分。
PART ONEI．Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions labeled [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that is the closes equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.
1.You can’t be too careful while driving!
[A]开车要特别小心！[B]开车不能太小心！[C]你开车时不得不小心翼翼！[D]你开车要小心，但切忌谨小慎微！
2.The samples of soil from various depths are examined for traces of oil.
[A]土样被从不同深度取出，进行检验，看是否有含油的迹象。[B]从不同深度取出土样以后，便进行检验，看是否有含油的迹象。
[C]根据含油的迹象，土样被从不同深度取出，对之进行检验。[D]为了寻找含油的迹象，从不同深度取出土样以后，便进行检验。
3.Scarcity of deer in some areas or Texas is attributed to the screw-worm.
[A]得可萨斯州某些地区鹿群稀少造成了这样螺旋锥蝇的出现。[B]得可萨斯州某些地区稀少的鹿群与这种螺旋锥蝇起着相互影响。
[C]这种螺旋锥蝇的出现，就是因得可萨斯州某些地区鹿群稀少而造成的。[D]得可萨斯州某些地区鹿群之所以稀少，就是由这种螺旋锥蝇造成的。
4.It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone my visit which I had intended to pay to Germany in January.
[A]我原计划访问德国，令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份予以推迟。[B]我原计划一月份访问德国，后来不得不予以推迟，这使我深感失望。[C]令我深感失望的是，我原计划访问德国，但不得不予以推迟到一月份。[D]令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份推迟我对的国预定的访问。
5.Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, and the waters flow more quietly.
[A]河面逐渐展开，两岸徐徐向后退去，河水也流得更为平缓。[B]河面逐渐展开，两岸离得越来越远，河水也流得更为平缓。
[C]河面逐渐展开，两岸变得越来越近，河水也流得更为平缓。[D]河面逐渐展开，两岸愈加隐隐约约，河水也流得更为平缓。
6.Zhou Enlai arranged for experts from Beijing University to give Bill Morrow some up-to-date information he wanted.
[A]北京大学的专家想为比尔·莫罗提供一些最新情况，周恩来就给他们作了安排。
[B]周恩来想让北京大学的专家作出安排，向比尔·莫罗介绍一些最新情况。
[C]比尔·莫罗想了解一些最新的情况，周恩来就安排北京大学的专家向他作介绍。
[D]比尔·莫罗想了解一些有关北京大学的专家的最新情况，周恩来就作了安排。
7.小王没有辜负父母的期望。
[A]Xiao Wang reached his parents’ expectations.[B]Xiao Wang satisfied his parents’ hopes.
[C]Xiao Wang realized his parents’ dreams.[D]Xiao Wang lived up to his parents’ expectations.
8.世界在变化，我们的思想和行动也要随之而变。
[A]The world is changing, we should change our thinking and actions along with it.
[B]The world is changing, therefore we should change our thinking and actions along with it.
[C]The world is changing, and we should change our thinking and actions along with it.
[D]The world is changing, but we should change our thinking and actions along with it.
9.大错误没有犯，小错误没有断，因为我们没有经验。
[A]We haven’t made any major mistakes, we have made minor ones, because we have no experience.
[B]Since we haven’t made any major mistakes, we have made many minor ones, because we have no experience.
[C]As we haven’t made any m ajor mistakes, we have made many minor ones, because we have no experience.
[D]although we haven’t made any major mistakes, we have made many minor ones, because we have no experience.
10.她不爱说话，别人问了才回答，答的也不多。
[A]She said little, only answering briefly when asked a question.
[B]She said little, answering only briefly when asking a question.
[C]She said little, others asked and then she answered briefly.
[D]She said little, and not answered briefly only until other asked.
B: Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked [A], [B],[C] and [D]. Select the one that best completes each statement.
11.“信、达、雅”这一翻译标准，是严复在他翻译的_________一书中的“译例言”中提出的。
[A]《原富》[B]《天演论》[C]《法意》[D]《穆勒名学》
12.周煦良认为“雅”应当理解为________.[A]尔雅[B]有文采[C]得体[D]易懂
13.__________认为，一部好的译作总是既有直译又有意译的：凡能直译处坚持直译，必须意译处则放手意译。
[A]傅雷[B]郭沫若[C]王佑良[D]茅盾
14.王力先生指出，西文多用形合法，______.
[A]因此定语从句用得特别多[B]因为现在分词用得特别多
[C]联结成分在大多数情况下是不可缺少的[D]介词和介词短语往往是不可缺少的
15.就句子结构而言，一般说来，_________.
[A]汉语多用并列结构，英语也多用并列结构[B]汉语多用并列结构，英语多用主从结构
[C]汉语多用主从结构，英语有多用主从结构[D]汉语多用主从结构，英语多用并列结构
Part II
II. Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)A. Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.
16.the Industrial Revolution17.joint https://www.sodocs.net/doc/574920261.html,bor intensive industries19.court of appeals20.registered capital
21.force majeure22.Universal Copyright Convention23.per capita24.internal combustion engine25.economic globalization
B. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.
26.自然资源27.营业执照28.修正案29.香港特别行政区30.保险公司31.原料32.太和殿33.金融危机34.原油35.国民生产总值
III. Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each)Directions: Each of the following translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translations.
A. Example:原文：It was an old and ragged moon.译文：那是一个又老又破的月亮。改译：那是一弯下弦残月。
36.原文：They had barely enough time to catch the train. 译文：他们刚够使劲赶上火车。
37.原文：Martha bought a suit for one-third off the regular price. 译文：玛莎以原价三分之一的钱买了一套衣服。
38.原文：I gave my youth to the sea and I came home and gave my wife my old age. 译文：我把青春献给了海洋，回家的时候便把老年给了我的妻子。
39.原文：Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. 译文：他的许多思想对当代青年特别感兴趣。
40.原文：Brindley had begun on his own account, out of interest, to survey the waterways that he traveled as he went about his engineering projects. 译文：布林德雷在为他的工程项目到处奔走的时候，还用自己的帐户中的利息对沿途经过的河道进行了勘察。
41.原文：It may not be in the interest of one or more of these groups to have clarity and simplicity in land information and regulations where that group is deriving illegal profits from land transactions. 译文：使土地信息透明和土地法规简化可能不符合正在从土地买卖中非法获得的某些集团的利益。
B. Example:原文：革命是解放生产力，改革也是解放生产力。译文：Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces, and reform also means the emancipation of the productive forces.改译：Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces, and so does reform.
42.原文：她在这出戏里扮演祥林嫂。译文：She played the part of Sister-in-law Xianglin in the opera.
43.原文：先有哈佛，后有美利坚合众国，这说明了哈佛在美国历史上的地位。译文：The fact that Harvard was founded before the United States of America testifies to the position of Harvard in the United States in the American history.
44.原文：就我们国家来讲，首先是要摆脱贫穷。要摆脱贫穷，就要找出一条比较快的发展道路。译文：For China, the first thing is to throw off poverty. To throw off poverty we have to find a way to develop fairly rapidly.
45.原文：我进去看了，只记得有几个年青人在那里唱民歌，别的没有印象了。译文：I went there to have a look. All I remember now is that some young people were singing folk songs there, and I do not remember anything else.
IV. Paragraph Translation (30 points)A. Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (20 points)
46.Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into Sudan. Driving southward from Cairo into the Valley, I entered
a landscape that owed little to the present era. For the next 1,800 miles the thin blue ribbon of the Nile, flowing slowly north, unwound over brown soil and green fields, some only a few yards wide, others as broad as an Iowa cornfield. At the edge of the fields, rising in dramatic hills or stretching flat to the horizon, lay the brown barren deserts.
I had the illusion that I was driving through one immensely long, narrow farm. The villages and towns were usually perched on the edge, so as not to waste arable soil and because there was a need, before the High Dam tamed the Nile, to live beyond the reach of the annual floods. The road followed the course of the Nile, now passing through the fields, now drawing a black
line separating them from the desert.
B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (10 points)
47.我虽爱买书，而对于书却不甚爱惜。读书的时候，常在书上把我认为要紧的处所标出。有些书用笔加圈，其他书就用红铅笔划粗粗的线。经过我看过的书，体干净的很少。
参考答案及评分标准
I．Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
1. A
2. B
3. D
4. B
5. B
6. C
7. D
8. C
9. D10.A11.B12.C<
[评分标准及参考答案]
一．本题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。
二．凡与参考答案相符，给2分；若与参考答案不符，但考生能用规范译语把原文的意思准确地表达出来，也可给2分。
三．即使辨认出错误，但没有正确改译，不给分。
四．如考生在改译中把原译的错处或缺点改掉，却又在另一点上犯错，原则上不给分；如错误小，可考虑给1分。A.
36．他们差点儿没赶上火车。（要求考生掌握副词“barely”的意思及反译法）
37．玛莎买了一套衣服，比原价便宜三分之一。（要求考生掌握分数及“off”在这儿的译法）
38．我年青时出海，回到妻子身边时已垂垂老矣。（要求考生把握全句，用引伸法译出意思。如有人译成“我将青春献给了大海，晚年回家来和妻子过日子”等，也不算错。）
39．他的许多观点，当代青年特别感兴趣。（要求考生在译文中弄清主谓动宾关系，注意句子结构。）
40．布林德雷在为他的工程项目到处奔走的时候，出于自愿和兴趣，对沿途经过的河道进行了勘察。（要求考生避免望文生义，弄清确切意思再翻译）
41．使土地信息透明，土地法规简化，就可能不符合某些集团的利益，因为这些集团正在从土地买卖中非法获利。（要求考生用切分法翻译此长句）
B.42.She played the part of Xianglin’s Wife in the
opea.（要求考生避免死译，不要一看到“嫂”就翻译成“sister-in-law”，要理清关系。但若翻译为“Sister
Xianglin”，虽不准确，但口语中也有人这样说，因此也可给分。）
43.The fact that Harvard was founded before the United States of
America testifies to its position in the American
history.（要求考生用人称代词所有格代替重复部分）
44.For China, the first thing is to throw off poverty. To do that we
have to find a way to develop fairly rapidly.（要求考生避免重复，用规范的英语表达）
45.I went there to have a look. All I remember now is that some
young people were singing folk songs there.（要求考生用省略法翻译，避免中式思维）
IV. Paragraph Translation (30 points)
A.[参考答案] （20分）
46．尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处可以见到古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。我从开罗驱车南行，进入尼罗河河谷，这里的景色还没有受到多少现代的影响。从这里再往前一千八百英里，尼罗河像一条细细的蓝色丝带，缓缓流向北方，沿途穿过棕色的土地和绿色的田野，这田地窄的不过几码，宽的则赶得上美国依阿华州的玉米地。田地外边是村草不生的棕色沙漠，有的地方突然隆起像是小山，有的地方则平平地伸向地平线。
我感到仿佛是在开车穿过一个狭窄而极长的农场。大小村镇一般都处于田地的边上，这是为了不浪费耕地，同时有是因为在高坝控制尼罗河以前，有必要住得远一点，以躲避每年发生的洪水。公路是顺着尼罗河修筑的，有时穿过庄稼地，有时像是划的一条黑线，这边是庄稼，那边是沙漠。
[评分要点]英译汉部分满分为20分，包括分句评价分18分，总体评价分2分。
分句评价分的分值如下：第1句：（3分）follow一词不可译为“跟随”。译文需改变句子结构。
第2句：（3分）要正确理解owed little to，译作“没有受到多少现代影响，”“没有多少现代的痕迹，”或类似译法均可。
第3句：（3分）unwound一词不可译作展开，可译作“穿过”，或“延伸”。
第4句：（3分）这是一个倒装句，关键是把动词lay处理好。译文需改变句子的结构。
第5句：（2分）had the illusion可译作“仿佛感到”，或“有一种幻觉”等，但不可译作“幻想”。
第6句：（2分）要正确处理a need 和to live的关系。
第7句：（2分）要正确理解now…，now…的意思。
总体评价分为2分。考生的分句评价分在15分（含15分）以上才可加总体评价分。如果译文在总体上理解正确，内容上忠实原文，表达流畅，汉语规范，则可给2
浙江省2002年7月高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题课程代码：00087
PART ONE
Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions(20 points,2 points for each)A.Directions:This part consists of 5 sentences,each followed by four different translations labeled A，B，C and D.Choose the one that is the most equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expression.Then write the answer on the Answer Sheet.
1.Ignoring the chair offered him,Chu Teh stood squarely before this youth more than ten years his junior and in a level voice told him who he was,what he had done in the past.
A.朱德不理睬递过来的椅子，端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十几岁的年轻人面前，用平稳的语调讲述了自己的身份经历。
B.朱德无视递给他的椅子，端端正正地站在这个年轻十岁的小伙子面前，告诉他自己的身份和经历。
C.朱德顾不上接过递给他的椅子，端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十几岁的小伙子面前，平静地向他讲述自己的身份和经历。
D.朱德没有接过递给他的椅子，端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十岁的小伙子面前，告诉他自己是谁，过去干过些什么。
2.On the afternoon of that eventful day,I stood on the porch,dumb,expectant.下面哪一个翻译欠妥?
A.在那个重要日子的下午，我站在门廊里，一言不发，心中满怀期待。
B.在那个重要日子的下午，我满怀期待，一言不发地站在门廊里。
C.在那个重要日子的下午，我默不作声，满怀期待，站在门廊里。
D.在那个重要日子的午后，我期待地一言不发地站在门廊里。
3.At the edge of the fields,rising in dramatic hills or stretching flat to the horizon,lay the brown barren deserts.
A.田地的外围要么戏剧性地隆起座座小山，要么则是贫瘠的棕色沙漠，平坦地延伸向天际。
B.在这些田地的边缘，突兀地隆起座座山脉，一直延伸向地平线，山脉之外是棕色的贫瘠的沙漠。
C.田地的外围是寸草不生的棕色沙漠，有的地方突然隆起像座座小山，有的则平坦地伸向地平线。
D.在这些田地的边缘，戏剧性地隆起座座山脉，或者躺着棕色的贫瘠的沙漠，平坦地延伸向地平线。
4.It was then that he realized what had sneaked through the shield of his slumbers.It was the sense of falling snow.
A.这时他才意识到是什么透过他的睡眠之盾将他唤醒，那是下雪的感觉。
B.这时他才意识到是什么穿过他的睡眠的保护层偷偷溜了进来，是下雪的感觉。
C.他这才明白原来是雪花飘落时发出的沙沙声穿过层层的睡衣的保护，潜入他的耳朵里把他给唤醒了。
D.这时他才明白是什么闯入他的梦乡将他唤醒，原来是下雪的感觉。
5.But the first prerequisite for creating a new mammoth is at least within the r
ealm of possibility:obtaining intact DNA,the genetic blueprint of the animal.
A.但是要制造一头新的猛犸所需的完整的DNA和他的基因蓝图还是有可能的。
B.但是克隆一头猛犸的首要前提是在生物界可能的范围内获得完整的DNA和动物的基因蓝图。
C.但是克隆一头猛犸的先决条件至少已经具备，那就是取得完整的DNA，即这种动物的基因蓝图。
D.但是克隆一头猛犸的先决条件至少已经具备，那就是取得完整的DNA和这种动物的基因蓝图。
B:Directions:This part consists of five unfinished statements,each followed by four choices labeled A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes each statement.Then write the answer on the Answer Sheet.
6.汉语语法单位的组合多用_______，连接成分并非必要。
A.意合法
B.形合法
C.意合法和形合法
D.省略法
7.在被动结构方面_______
A.英语被动句用得少，汉语被动式用得多。
B.英语被动句用得多，汉语被动式用得少。
C.英语多用主动来表示被动。
D.英语和汉语被动句用的都很多。
8._______主张，在翻译过程中“与其失神韵而留形貌”还不如“形貌上有些差别而保留了韵”。
A.郭沫若
B.杨宪益
C.茅盾
D.钱钟书
9.1954年_______在全国文学翻译工作会议上讲话，指出“翻译是一种创造性的工作，好的译等于创作，甚至还可能超过创作”。
A.郭沫若
B.钱钟书
C.茅盾
D.杨宪益
10._______ thought in translating one should aim at “translating sense,not words".
A. Saint Jerome
B. Cicero
C. Tytler
D. Nida
PART TWO
Ⅱ.Phrase Translation (20 points,1 point for each).Write the answer on the Answer Sheet.
A.Directions:Put the following phrases into English.
11.丝绸之路12.社会动荡13.区域自治14.和平共处五项原则15.仲裁机构16.个人所得税17.联合国海洋法公约18.可持续发展
19.大陆架20.半封建半殖民地社会
B.Directions:Put the following phrases into Chinese.
21.national security22.on behalf of23.copyright protection24.energy consuming society
25.Per capita GNP26.The World Trade Organization27.self made career28.drainage https://www.sodocs.net/doc/574920261.html,bor Union30.crude oil
Ⅲ.Translation Improvement(30 points,2 points for each)
Directions:Each of the following Chinese or English translations has one or more inadequacies or errors.Improve the given translations and write the ans
wer on the Answer Sheet.
Example 1：
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。
Example 2:原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。译文：At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons.改译：At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
31.原文：Several times on his trips to China,which he made as a guest of the Chinese Government,Bill's birthday occurred while he was in Beijing.译文：在比尔莫罗好几次作为中国政府的客人到北京访问时恰好是他的生日。
32.原文：It was the third of March,1887,three months before I was seven years old.译文：那是1887年3月3日，我差三个月不满七岁。
33.原文：Almost at once the number of egg masses deposited on experimental goats began to decrease,as did their fertility.译文：正如它们的受精率一样，产在试验山羊身上的卵群数量几乎立即减少了。
34.原文：Water had become the engineers' element,and men like Brindley were possessed by it.译文：水已经成为工程师的元素，像布林德利这样的人就被它占有了。
35.原文：The Indian summer of village industry faded.Trade grew more competitive.译文：乡村手工业的印度之夏褪色了，贸易变得更加竞争激烈。
36.原文：Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution was science.译文：在农业革命中几乎不比机器重要的是科学。
37.原文：Downstream it led,after about a mile,to a tiny lock with heavy wooden gates that strained shut against the current.
译文：沿下游大约一英里处，就会有一把小锁锁住沉重的木门挡住水流。
38.原文：The tall,well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a far cry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.译文：站在我面前的这位身材高大衣着讲究的先生当然是像我想象中的老海浪发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。
39.原文：五四运动的杰出的历史意义，在于它带着为辛亥革命还不曾有的姿态，这就是彻底地不妥协地反帝国主义和彻底地不妥协地反封建主义。译文：Its outstanding historical significance lies in that it has the postures the Revolution of 1911 does not bear.That is its thorough and uncompromising opposition to imperialism as well as to feudalism.
40.原文：合营企业的合营期限，按不同行业、不同情况，作不同的约定。译文：Based on different lines of trade and different circumstances,we make different arrangements for the duration of equity joint ventures through agreement by the parties to the venture.
41.原文：我觉得有一根鞭子在抽打我的心，又觉得仿佛有什么鬼魂借我的笔为自己伸冤一样。译文：I felt as if my heart was being whipped,I also felt as if a ghost was borrowing my pen to redress the injustice it had suffered.
42.原文：如今，能为王一地同志的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。译文：Now being able to write a preface to Comrade Wang Yidi's collection of essays,I feel greatly honored.
43.原文：目前，农业科技在中国农业增产中的贡献率约为35%，世界上农业发达国家在60%以上。译文：At present,the contribution rate of science and technology to agriculture is about 35 percent in the agricultural production increase,while it exceeds 60 percent in the agriculturally advanced countries.
44.原文：中国作为一个发展中的沿海大国，国民经济要持续发展，必须把海洋的开发和保护作为一项长期的战略任务。译文：China as a major developing country with a long coastline,must take exploitation and protection of the ocean as a long term strategic task for its national economy to achieve the sustainable development.
45.原文：那位老妇人坐在窗前，凝视着树上那最后一片叶子，听它在寒风中瑟缩。译文：The old lady stood by the window,gazed at the last leaf on the tree and listened to its groan in the bitter winter wind.
Ⅳ.Paragraph Translation(30 points,15 points for each).Write the answer on the Answer Sheet.
A.:Translate the following English passage into Chinese.
46.We stand now where two roads diverge.But unlike the roads in Robert Frost's familiar poem,they are not equally fair.The road we have long been traveling is deceptively easy,a smooth superhighway on which we progress with great speed,but at its end lies disaster.The other fork of the road-the one “Less traveled by"－offers our last,our only chance to reach a destination that assures the preservation of our earth.
The choice,after all,is ours to make.If,having endured much,we have at last asserted our ″right to know″,and if,knowing,we have concluded that we are being asked to take senseless and frightening risks,then we should no longer accept the counsel of those who tell us we must fill our world with poisonous chemicals;we should look about and see what other course,is open to us.
B.Translate the following passage into English.
47.中华人民共和国国旗和中华人民共和国香港特别行政区区旗，已在香港庄严升起。此时此刻，世界各国人民都把目光投向香港。根据中英关于香港问题的联合声明，两国政府如期举行了香港交接仪式，宣告中国对香港恢复行使主权。中华人民共和国香港特别行政区正式成立。这是中华民族的盛事，也是世界和平与正义事业的胜利。
一九九七年七月一日这一天，将作为值得人们永远纪念的日子载入史册。经历了百年沧桑的香港回归祖国，标志着香港同胞从此成为祖国这块土地上的真正主人，香港的发展从此进入一个崭新的时代。
全国2004年4月高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题课程代码：00087
Ⅰ. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.
1. Almost all the TV viewers were deeply impressed by Titanic’s huge mass and her ruined splendor of a lost age.
A. 泰坦尼克号的庞大以及她那昔日辉煌的残毁，给几乎所有的电视观众都留下了十分深刻的印象。
B. 泰坦尼克号船体庞大，虽已损毁，昔日丰采犹存，给几乎所有的电视观众都留下了深刻的印象。
C. 泰坦尼克号无比庞大，往日荣光业已荡然无存，给几乎所有的电视观众都留下了深刻的印象。
D. 泰坦尼克号的庞大船体以及她那失去的昔日光辉，给几乎所有的电视观众都留下了深刻的印象。
2. A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available.
A. 使用化学方法控制昆虫除外，其它有效方法也可使用。
B. 除了不用化学方法控制昆虫外，应该还有其它方法可以使用。
C. 除了使用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其它各种奇妙的方法可以使用。
D. 控制昆虫的方法很多，使用化学方法只不过是其中之一也可使用。
3. We talked of our plans to wed and start a family, once we were settled in Los Angeles, and we listened to the rain.
A. 我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，外头还下着雨。
B. 一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，还听着外头的雨声。
C. 我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，组织家庭。我们一面议论，一面听着外头的雨声。
D. 一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，建立家庭。我们一面议论着，而且一面听着外头的雨声。
4. I felt approaching footsteps. I stretched out my hand as I supposed to my mother.
A. 我感到有人走近，于是伸出了手，以为是把手伸向母亲。
B. 我感到有人走近，我就伸出了手，因为我在等我的母亲。
C. 我感到有人向我走来，我想那是我母亲，她把手伸向我。
D. 我感到有人向我走来，我想那是我母亲，她伸手搂抱我。
5. Brindley worked, for example, to improve the grinding of flints, which were used in the rising pottery industry.
A. 为了改进例如燧石的研磨过程，布林德雷努力工作着，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业的常用材料。
B. 例如，布林德雷努力改进新兴陶瓷工业常用材料的研磨过程——燧石。
C. 例如，布林德雷努力改进燧石的研磨过程，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业使用的材料。
D. 布林德雷努力改进例如燧石的研磨过程，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业使用的材料。
6. 他耷拉着脑袋坐在床边上。
A. He sat on the edge of the bed, his head lowered.
B. He was sitting on the edge of the bed, his head lowering.
C. He sat on the edge of the bed, with his head being lowered.
D. He was sitting on the edge of the bed, with his head lowering.
7. 评剧院里很多女演员学会了打毛衣，大都是我教她们的。
A. Many actresses in the Pingju Theatre learned to knit, in most cases I taught them.
B. Many other actresses in the pingju Theatre learned to knit as well, mostly from me.
C. Many actress in the pingju Theatre learned to knit, mostly from me.
D. Many other actress in the Pingju Theatre learned to knit as well, and in most cases I taught them.
8. 你明明写了那么多的作品，怎么说不是文学家呢？
A. You’ve written so many books, how can you say you’re not man of letter?
B. You’ve written many, many books. How can you say you’re not a man of letter?
C. You’ve written so many books. How can you say you’re not man of letters?
D. You’ve written many, many books. How can you say you’re not a man of letters?
9. 他睡得很死，连打雷都没有把他惊醒。
A. He slept like a log and was not even wakened up by the thunder.
B. He slept like a log and was not even awakened up by the thunder.
C. He slept like a log and was not even awoken up by the thunder.
D. He slept like a log and was not even awakened by the thunder.
10. 中国作为疆域辽阔、人口众多、历史悠久的国家，应该对人类有较大的贡献。
A. A country with a vast territory, a big population and a long history, China should make greater contributions to humanity.
B. China is a country with a vast territory, a big population and a long history, should make greater contributions to humanity.
C. China has a vast territory, a big population and a long history, and thus makes greater contributions to humanity.
D. As a country, China has not only a vast territory, a big population but also a long history. Therefore, China should make greater contributions to humanity.
B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices labeled A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement.
11. 针对鲁迅先生提出的“宁信而不顺”的主张，瞿秋白提出_________。
A. “宁顺而不信”
B. “信”和“顺”不应对立起来
C. 要容忍“多少的不顺”
D. 要保存原作的丰姿
12. 傅雷认为翻译重在_________。A. 理论B. 实践C. 创新 D. 观察
13. 王佐良认为译者在处理个别的词时，他面对的是_________。A. 两种语言 B. 两种文体C. 两大片文化D. 两套语法体系
14. According to Theodore Savory, a translator must ask himself: _________.
A. (ⅰ) What does the author say? (ⅱ) What does he mean?(ⅲ) How does he say it?
B. (ⅰ) What does the author mean?(ⅱ)What does he say?(ⅲ)What does he want?
C. (ⅰ)What does the author say?(ⅱ) Where does he say it(ⅲ) What does he mean?
D. (ⅰ) What does the author mean? (ⅱ) How does he like it? (ⅲ) What does he say?
15. 代词在英语和汉语里都经常使用，但总的说来，_________。
A. 英语代词用得多，汉语代词用得少
B. 英语代词用得多，汉语代词也用得多
C. 汉语代词用得多，英语代词用得少
D. 汉语代词用得少，英语代词也用得少
Ⅱ. Word and Phrase Translation(20 points, 1 point for each)
A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.
16. Premier 17. foreign exchange dealings 18. financial deficit 19. arbitration agency 20. regional autonomy
21. waste disposal22. automobile components 23. sum total 24. inland waters 25. ASEAN
B. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.
26. 金字塔27.中国公民28.维生素29.载人飞船30.生态环境31.世界贸易组织32.平等互利的原则33. 内燃机34. 版权保护35. 可耕地Ⅲ. Translation Improvement(20 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: Each of the following Chinese translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translations. Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate. 译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。
36. 原文：China’s va st size and resources, her extraordinary economic progress over recent years, have made her an increasingly important player in the modern international economy. 译文：中国地大物博，近年来经济迅猛发展，这使得中国在现代国际经济中成为一个越来越重要的游戏者。
37. 原文：His air of complete self-assurance and somewhat lordly bearing would have frightened me, had it not been for his warm and hearty handshake.译文：他和我握手时的那种热情和真挚不像是那么回事，他那十分自信和略为高傲的派头真使我害怕。
38. 原文：She wore dark glasses, a thick sweater and a white scarf. 译文：她穿戴着墨镜、厚毛衣和白围巾。
39. 原文：She is neatly and quietly dressed in accordance with her age and position.译文：她穿着整齐、朴素，以便和她的年
龄和身份相称。
40. 原文：My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful. 译文：我的夫人和我以及我们全党都非常感激。
41. 原文：It is better to be alone than in ill company. 译文：与其呆在不怎么样的公司，还不如一个人呆着。
B. Directions: Each of the following English translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translations. Example:
原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor. 改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays.
42. 原文：深圳人自己总结经验，由内向型转为外向型经济。译文：The people in Shenzhen reviewed their experience and decided to shift the zone’s economy from an incoming orientation to an external orientation.
43. 原文：“物极必反”，错误成了堆，光明就会到来。译文：“Things turn into their opposites when they reach the extreme”; mistakes pile up, light is not far off.
44. 原文：钻石湖风景秀丽，是这个城市的几大景点之一。译文：The Diamond Lake, noting for its beautiful scenery, was regarded as one of the outstanding views of the city.
45. 原文：没有科技知识要建设社会主义是不可能的。译文：Without knowledge of science and technology is impossible to build socialism.
Ⅳ. Paragraph Translation(30 points)
A. Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15 points)
46. We are still in the middle of the Industrial Revolution; We had better be, for we have many things to put right in it. But it has made our world richer, smaller, and for the first time ours. And I mean that literally: our world, everybody’s world.
From its earliest beginnings, when it was still dependent on water power, the Industrial Revolution was terribly cruel to those whose lives and livelihood it overturned. Revolutions are—it is their nature, because by definition revolutions move too fast for those whom they strike. We still live in the middle of the Industrial Revolution and find it hard to see its implications, but the future will say of it that in the ascent of man it is a step, a stride, as powerful as the Renaissance. The Renaissance established the dignity of man. The Industrial Revolution established the unity of nature.
B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (15 points)
47.我家里生活苦，父亲做小买卖，妈妈是家庭妇女，弟弟妹妹多。家里最大的是我，才十三岁，就唱戏养家了。
早晨去喊嗓子，我带着一个小篮拾煤核，为了回家取暖。拾煤核也要放聪明点，常常换换地方，为的是不受那些成群结队拾煤核的野男孩的欺负。
《英汉翻译教程》预测试卷
PART ONE （30 POINTS）
Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.
1.There are three main groups of oils: animal, vegetable and mineral
【】.A.油可以分为三大类：动物油，植物油，矿物油。B.油可以分为三给：动物油，植物油，矿物油。
C.油可以分为三组：动物、植物、矿物油。
D.有油三大类：动物油，植物油，矿物油。
2.No other country is so dependent on a single lifeline. Egypt’s very soil was born in the Nile’s annual flood.【】
A.任何别的国家都不像埃及这样依赖着唯一的一条生命线。埃及的非常之土地也是尼罗河洪水每年泛滥而带来的。
B.任何别的国家都不像埃及这样依赖着简单的条生命线。埃及的土地是尼罗河洪水每年泛滥而带来的。
C.任何别的国家都不像埃及这样依赖着唯一的一条生命线。就连埃及的的土地也是尼罗河洪水每年泛滥而带来的。
D.任何别的国家都不像埃及这样依赖着唯一的一条生命线，其土地是尼罗河洪水每年泛滥而带来的。
3.His air of complete self assurance and somewhat lordly bearing would have frightened me, had it not been for his warm and hearty handshake.【】
A.他和我握手的时候是那样热情，那样真挚，要不然他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头真会使人害怕。
B.他和我握手的时候是那样热情，那样真挚，要不然他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头真会使我害怕。
C.要不是他和热情真挚的握手，他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头真会使我害怕。
D.他和我握手，热情，真挚，他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头不会使我害怕。
4.Two little boys in particular caught our attention 【】.
A.两个小男孩特别注意我们。
B.两个特别的小男孩子尤其引起我们的注意。
C.两个穿着特别的小男孩尤其引起我们的注意。
D.两个小男孩尤其引起我们的注意。
5.Two hundred pounds of muscle and sinew, created by hard work and clean living had melted to a hundred and sixty-odd; his former clothing flagged about him. 【】
A.他的体重曾经重达二百磅，但辛勤的干活加上清贫的生活，使他消瘦下去，只剩下一百六十多磅，过去的衣服穿在身上显得又肥又大。
B.他的体重曾经重达二百磅，但辛勤的干活加上清贫的生活，使他的肌肉和肌健只剩下一百六十多磅，过去的衣服穿在身上显得又肥又大。
C.辛勤的干法加上规矩的生活，使他的体重曾经重达二百磅。可这一身盘肉后来消瘦下去，只剩下一百六十多磅，过去的衣服穿在身上显得又肥又大。
D.辛勤的干法加上规矩的生活，使他的体重从二百磅减少到一百六十多磅。过去的衣服穿在身上像旗子一样逛逛荡荡的。
6.申请工作时，有工作经验的优先录取。【】
A. When applying for a job, those who had worked at a job would receive preference over the ones who had not.
B. When apply for a job, who had worked at a job would receive preference over who had not.
C. When apply for a job, those who had worked at a job would receive preference over the ones who had not worked.
D. When applying for a job, those who had worked at a job would receive preference over who had not worked.
7.经理是否要参加会议还不知道，但是，我们希望他参加。【】
A. We will not yet know whether the manager will attend the meeting, but it is hoped he will.
B. We will not yet know whether the manager will attend the meeting, but will hope so.
C. It will not yet know whether the manager will attend the meeting, but hope to attend.
D. It sill not yet know whether the manager will attend the meeting, but we hope he will.
8.人们似乎在追求金钱方面毫无休止。【】
A. Man seems unsatisfied in the pursuit of money.
B. Man never stops in the pursuit of money.
C. Man goes on the pursuit of money.
D. Man seems unsatisfied in the money.
9.共有1，500多处旅游娱乐景观资源，适合发展海洋旅游业。【】
A. All together more than 1,500 tourism, scenic and recreational spots are favorable for developing marine tourism.
B. More than 1,500 tourism, scenic and recreational spots are suitable for developing marine tourism.
C. There are more than 1,500 tourism, scenic and recreational spots favorable for developing marine tourism.
D. There are more than 1,500 tourism, scenic and recreational spots for developing marine tourism.
10.我必须承认，我的时间和精力似乎越来越少了。【】
A.I should not deny that my time and energy running short.
B.I must admit that my time and energy seem to be running short.
C.I must say that I have fewer time and energy.
D.I must admit that few time and energy.
B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that best completes each statement.
11.狭义上下文可以分为。【】 A.句法上下文和词汇上下文 B.段落上下文和语义上下文C句子范围和语言单位 D.句子范围和语言环境
12. 的差异可以说是我们在汉译英方面研究的主要内容。【】 A.句子结构 B.词性转换C.文化差异 D.语法
13.所谓翻译，是翻译，而不是翻译。【】 A.语句；意思 B.意思；词句C.词句，段落 D.段落；词句
14.英语不喜欢重复，如果一句话里或相连的几句话需要重复某个词语，则用来代替，或以其他手段避免重复。【】
A.名词
B.动词
C.连词
D.代词
15.就句子结构而言，一般说来，。【】 A.汉主语多用并列结构，英语也多用并列结构。B.汉语多用并列结构，英语多用主从结构。
C.汉语多用主从结构，英语也多用主从结构。
D.汉语多用主从结构，英语多用并列结构。
PART TWO (70 POINTS)
Ⅱ.Word and Phrase Translation （20 points,1 point for each）A. Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.
16.Industrial Revolution 17.legal title 18.popular science 19.mineral deposit 20.court of appeals
21.internal combustion engine 22.arena 23.self assurance 24.applied entomology 25.noise pollution
B：Direction: Put the following phrases into English.
26.版权 27.董事会 28.沿海地区 29.经济改革 30.和平共处 31.花坛 32.散文集 33.丝绸之路34.高等教育 35.小买卖人
Ⅲ.Translation Improvement (20 points,2 points for each)A. Directions: Each of the following translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translations.
Example:原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。
36.原文：I’m filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects. 译文：当我想到我的生活因它所联系的而变得无法比较，我就感到非常兴奋。
37.原文：Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals.译文：在创建英国运河体系的过程中，有两件事是非常突出的。
38.原文： The first great rush of population to the far west was drawn to the mountainous regions. 译文：大规模迁往极西地带的移民，被驱赶到山区。
39.原文：Yet the Nile has been changed by modern man in ways not yet fully understood.译文：然而现代的人们用连他们自己也不完全清楚的方法改变了尼罗河。
40. 原文：Arbitration will take place in Beijing in case no agreement can be reached through consultation. 译文：如果不能通过协商解决的话，仲裁将在北京发生。
B. Directions: Each of the following English translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translation. Example:原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。译文：To writs a preface to this collection of his essays gives me
a great honor.改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays.
41.原文：这几年来，我因行动不便，整天过着“井蛙”的无聊生活。译文：In recent years, unable to move easily, I have a dull life like that of “a well frog” the whole day.
42.原文：早晨去喊嗓子，我带着一个小篮拾煤核，为了回家取暖。译文：Each morning when I practised my throat, I took a little basket to scrounge for cinders for our stove.
43.原文：工头就说：“没号了!没号了!”译文：The foreman would say, “No more numbers! No more numbers!”
44.原文：鼓励外国合营者将可汇出的外汇存入中国银行。译文：A foreign joint venturer shall be encouraged to deposit the foreign exchange in the Bank of China which is entitled to remit abroad.
45.原文：中国需要进一步了解美国，美国也需要进一步了解中国。译文：China needs to know the United States better, and the United States needs to know China better too.
Ⅳ.Paragraph translation(30 points)A. Direction: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15 points)
46.It was a fine day in early spring. Bright sunshine flooded the street where a group of boys in Sunday clothes were playing ball. In most of the tenements the windows were up. Clean-shaven men in collarless shirts or in underwear, women with aprons or sloppy pink wrappers leaned on the sills and gazed with aimless interest at the street, the sky, those who were passing below. Thus they would spend most of every Sunday morning through the coming summer and now, in the first flush of mild weather, they had already taken up their posts.
B. Direction: Translate the following passage into English.(15 points)
47.中国各族人民坚决贯彻改善经济环境、整顿经济秩序和深化改革的政策。他们取得了重大的成绩，总的经济形势有了好转，国民经济取得了稳定的发展，通货膨胀得到了控制，改革开放取得了进展。
《英汉翻译教程》预测试卷参考答案
Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions (30 points,2 points for each)1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.C6.A 7.D 8.B 9.B 10.C11.A 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.B Ⅱ.Word and Phrase Translation (20 points,1 point for each)
A:16.工业革命 17.合法手续18.科普读物 19.矿藏20.上诉法庭 21.内燃机22.斗兽场 23.自信24.应用昆虫学 25.噪音污染
B:26.copyright 27.board of directors28.coastal areas 29.economic reforms30.peaceful coexistence 31.flower bed32.collection of essays 33.the Silk Road 34.higher education 35.a peddler
Ⅲ.Translation Improvement (20 points,2 points for each)
A:36.改译：从这一天开始，我的生活和以前迥然不同。一想到这一点，我就感到非常兴奋。
37.改译：在修建英国的运河体系过程中，有两点是非常突出的。
38.改译：大规模迁往极西地带的移民，大多集中在山区。
39.改译：然而现代的人们却使尼罗河发生了变化，不过就连他们自己也不完全了解尼罗河究竟发生了什么变化。
40.改译：如果不能通过协商解决的话，仲裁将在北京进行。
B：41. 改译：In recent years, unable to move about easily, I have been leading a dull life like that of “a frog at the bottom of a well”.
42.改译：Each morning when I went out to practise singing in the open air, I took a little basket to scrounge for cinders for our stove.
43. 改译：The foreman would say, “That’s all! No more hands needed!”44. 改译：A foreign joint venturer shall be encouraged to deposit in the Bank of China foreign exchange which it is entitled to remit abroad.
45. 改译：China needs to know the United States better and vice versa.
Ⅳ.Paragraph translation (30 points)
A：（15 points）46.早春时节的一个晴天，大街上阳光灿烂。一群穿着假日衣服的孩子正在街上玩球。这时简易公寓的窗户大都打开了。刚刮过脸的男人穿着汗衫或内衣，女人系着围裙或者披着邋遢的粉红罩衫，他们都靠在窗口漫无目的地望着街头，望着天空和街上的行人。差不多每个星期日早晨，这些人总是这样消遣日子，一直要到夏季。现在刚刚春到人间，他们便已各就各位了。
B：（15 points）
47. People of all nationalities in China firmly implemented the policy of improving the economic environment and rectifying economic order and pushing forward reform. They had achieved significant results. The overall economic situation had improved. Steady growth was registered in the na tion’s economy, inflation was controlled, progress was made in reform and opening to the outside world.
2004年7月自考英语翻译试题
课程代码：00087 请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上PART ONE Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions(20 points,2 points for each) A. Directions: This part consists of five sentences, each followed by four different translations labeled A，B，C and D. Choose the one that is the mo st equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1.It is well said, in every sense, that a man?s religio n is the chief fact with regard to him. A.有人说，看一个人，主要是看他的宗教信仰，这一说法无论在何种意义上都是十分恰当的。B.人们说，
从某种意义上来看，一个人的宗教信仰是他生命的重要成份。C.据说，一个人的宗教信仰与他的为人密不可分。D.大家都说，一个人的宗教信仰从某种意义上说是他本份生活的主要成份。2.Potential energy that is not so obvious as kinetic energy exists in many things. A.许多事物中都包含不如动能明显的势能。B.不如动能明显的势能存在于许多事物中。C.势能虽然不像动能那样明显，但它存在于许多物体之中。D.当势能不像动能那样明显时，便可在许多物体中找到它。3.We often say that there are no places left on the earth where the foot of man has not trodden. A.我们常说地球上没有没留下人类脚步的地方。B.人们常说人类的脚步践踏的地方地球上无处不在。C.人们常说，人迹不到的地球上没有留下地方。D.我们常说，地球上无处不留下人类的足迹。4.She is old enough to know better than to spend all her money on clothes. A.她虽然老，但并不把钱都花在买衣服上，对此她十分明了。B.她再老也不至于把所有的钱财都用于衣着上。C.她年龄很大，只好把所有的钱都用来买衣服。D.年龄不饶人，她只得花所有的钱买衣服来打扮自己。5.The stories with their unexpected endings are built around interesting situation, rather than around analysis of character. A.有着出人意料结局的小说的构思围绕着引人入胜的情景，而不是人物性格的分析。B.小说的结局出人意料，因为其构思围绕着有趣情景而不是人物性格。C.小说的构思，围绕着引人入胜的情景，而不是围绕着人物性格的分析，因此其结局往往出人意料。 D.出人意料的小说结局是围绕有趣的情景描写，而不是围绕人
物性格的分析。B: Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices labeled A,B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement. 6.我国古代著名的佛经译师______对自己提出的要求是：“既须求真，又须喻俗。” A.竺法兰
B.玄奘
C.释道安
D.鸠摩罗什7.______翻译《天演论》，宣传“物竞天择，适者生存”的观点，对其时思想界有很大影响。A.鲁迅B.严复
C.傅雷
D.郭沫若8.就英汉语言特点而言，下列选项中不正确的一项是______. A.英语主从结构多，汉语并列结构多B.英语被动态多，汉语被动式少C.英语抽象名词多，汉语抽象名词少D.英语成语多，汉语成语少9.英语有时在句子里先出______，然后再出它所指的人或物。汉语一般总是先出实词，然后才用______。A.名词B.形容词C.副词D.代词10.英语有些词的用法和汉语是一致的，用起来不困难。但也有些词，特别是______，用法和汉语不同。A.名词B.动词C.副词D.代词PART TWO Ⅱ.Phrase Translation (20 points,1 point for each) A. Direction: Put the following phrases into Chinese. 11.tangible assets 12.the Nile Delta 13.a summer resort 14.job market 15.CEO 16.the realm of cyberspace 17.strong currency https://www.sodocs.net/doc/574920261.html,ser typesetting 19.financial executive 20.child abuse B. Direction: Put the following phrases into English. 21.集装箱港口22.汉白玉23.世界贸易组织24.可持续发展25.净利润26.永久正常贸易关系27.环保革命28.水
陆交通29.议案30.军事法庭Ⅲ.Translation Improvement(30 points,2 points for each) A. Directions: Each of the following Chinese translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translations. Example 原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate. 译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。31.原文：Soil, water, sun—we can grow everything. 译文：土壤、