新编大学英语第三册第三版第一单元课文翻译及课后练习答案

Unit 1 Personality

In-Class Reading

羞怯的痛苦

1 对许多人来说，羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安，感到不自然；也就是说，他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法：我给人留下的是什么印象？他们喜欢我吗？我讲话是不是傻里傻气？我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。

2 很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中，而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常，人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如，具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信，他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励，也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害；他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。相反，他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。

3 相比之下，羞怯的人自尊心较弱，往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们（是否）在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感；他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴，因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞：“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然，尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质，过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。

4能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢？幸运的是，人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的，因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如，大多数人希望每门功课都得A。

5 如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难，就把自己列为差生，这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能，甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时，我们正在自我否定。如果你害羞，这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感：

6 1．认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同，羞怯感就会自然减弱。

7 2．确定合理的目标。例如，在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起，你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力，仅和一两个人交谈，你会感到更自在些。

8 3．内疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情，（光）感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反，应该承认你犯了个错误，并决心在将来更加善解人意。

9 4．所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。

10 5．不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的，或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。

11 6．接受批评时要缜密思考。不要把批评理解为人身攻击。例如，如果一位朋友抱怨你的烹饪技术，要把这当成对你的烹饪技术而不是对你本人的评价而接受下来。放心，你们还是好朋友，但你的烹饪技术也许确实有待改进。

12 7．记住，每个人都会经历一些失败和挫折。要把它们作为增长见识的经历，从中受益。挫折往往会成为转机，随之而来的将是一段美妙绝伦的经历。例如，你可能被你所中意的大学拒之门外。然而，在你就读的大学里，你可能发现这里教育的某一特点比你料想的好得多。

13 8．有些人会使你感到自己无能，不要和这种人交往。去设法改变他们对你的态度或者改变你对自己的态度，要不就脱离这种关系。伤害你的人并不关心你的最大利益。

14 9．留出时间休息，享受自己的业余爱好，并且定期地重新审定自己的目标。为此所花费的时间有助于更好地了解你自己。

15 10．多在社交场合中锻炼。不要把自己同他人隔离开来。设法一次结识一位朋友；最终你将能够娴熟而自信地在众人中周旋。我们每个人都是独一无二、难能可贵的个体。我们自有吸引人的地方。我们对自己了解得越多，就越容易充分发挥自己的潜力。不要让羞怯成为阻碍我们拥有丰富和成功生活的绊脚石。

课内阅读练习答案

Part One Preparation

1.Saying Things Sincerely or Sarcastically

STEP ONE

1 C (Sincerely)

2 A (Sarcastically)

3 D (Sincerely)

4 B (Sincerely)

STEP TWO

Sample

Picture 1

It is matched with Line C, because it can be seen from the picture that the man is splashing some dirty rainwater onto the lady’s dress.

Line C is sincere because the man in the picture is making an apology to the lady.

W: Oh, My goodness! What have you done to my new dress?

M: Ah, I’m awfully sorry. I didn’t mean to make such a beautiful lady angry. I should have been more careful!

W: Angry? No, I’m n ot angry. I can just put it in the washing machine when I get home.

Picture 2

It is matched with Line A, because the moon is in the sky and the man pointing at his watch tells us it is very late at night.

Line A is sarcastic, for the man in the picture is obviously angry with the lady.

W: I’m back, honey.

M: Er, finally!

W: You seem so worried. Why?

M: Why should I be worried about you? It’s already past midnight.

W: Don’t worry. I won’t get lost so easily. I’m not an unsophisticated young girl.

Picture 3

It is matched with Line D, for the boy pushing the bike is just back from a ride.

Line D is sincere, because from their dialog we can see they are good friends and the boy must have had the owner’s permission to use the bike.

Boy A: Here’s your bike. It’s s o kind of you to loan me your new bike.

Boy B: You’re welcome. You can use it whenever you want. Did you find it easy to ride?

Boy A: Not really. Maybe I need some more practice.

Picture 4

It is matched with Line B, because it can be seen from the picture that the lady is addressing an office boy who has hurt his wrist.

Line B is sincerely said, for the boy still comes to work even with an injured hand.

W: You’re late to work. You had a doctor’s appointment, didn’t you?

M: I’m sorry for being late. But how did you know that?

Communication Problems

W: I guess it’s the doctor who bandaged up your hand. Are you all right?

M: Today’s my unlucky day! I had my hand hurt and my cell phone broken in a traffic accident. Teaching tips

In order to be sarcastic, Americans adjust their vocal tone by speaking flat, lengthening their vowel sounds and perhaps creating a facial expression.

?Tone of voice: When communicating, the way the words are spoken may be more important than what is actually being said. The tone of voice can indicate whether a speaker is sincere or sarcastic, casual or impassioned, serious or humorous, and confident or uncertain. For instance, sarcasm occurs when the speaker pitches a stressed syllable lower than the other words in the sentence. For exa mple, the pitch of the word “great” in sentence “Great weather,huh?” changes depending on whether you’re being sincere or sarcastic.

?Volume and speed of voice: A loud voice or speaking quickly may be a sign of excitability or urgency. Slow or soft speech may indicate a relaxed attitude or uncertainty. To put emphasis on what is being said, speakers may also effectively slow their speech or pause, and they may raise or lower their voices.

?Facial expressions: Smiles, frowns and other facial expressions can be used to express our feelings. For example, both eyebrows lifted can mean surprise or excitement, whereas a single lifted eyebrow may indicate sarcasm or disbelief.

2. English-Chinese Telephone Chains

Here are a few messages for your reference. You can have your own messages as well.

1. John is 17 years old, a freshman majoring in business management.

2. Forty boys and 14 girls have entered the English Speaking Contest.

3. Professor Wang used to teach physical education at a university in Austria.

4. I can’t stand him any longer because he tends to lose his temper easily.

5. I talked to an Italian girl in my class about her math homework on Thursday.

Teaching tips

Activity: English-Chinese Telephone Chains

Duration: About 15 minutes

Aim: Practice listening, pronunciation, and translation

Introduction: This activity not only entails listening, pronunciation and translation skills, but also

enables students to be aware of misunderstandings in daily communication, such as message delivering.

Preparation: In this activity, the 8-10 students of each group should be seated in a line or circle for the message to pass from one to another without being heard by others in the group. And the message can be chosen either by the teacher (or made up by the first student in each group). Remember that the rest of the group should have no idea about the message in advance. Procedure: Make sure that students have a clear understanding of the goal and rules. The first student of each group will get an English message from the teacher, translate it into Chinese and whisper the Chinese version to the second student. The second student is supposed to translate it back into English and whisper it to the third student. This continues down the line until the message gets to the la st student. Each student can only say “Can you please repeat that?” one time. When the message reaches the end of the chain, the student must speak out loud. In a big group you can send the message two ways and find out which team comes closest to the original message. Oftentimes the message will be completely different when it reaches the end. Try to find out where the chain broke!

The point of this activity is not winning; rather, it is to see if the last student can say the message correctly. The interesting thing about this activity is that usually the last student never says the message correctly. It is also fun to hear the message all scrambled up, which naturally leads the students into cases of misunderstanding in the After-Class Reading passage.

Dep ending on students’ proficiency in English, the difficulty of this activity can be adjusted. If the teacher aims to favor the demands of students with a relatively low level of English, it is advisable to make slight alterations as follows. The class will be divided into groups of 8-10 students.

The first student of each group will be given a message by the teacher. The message should be whispered from one person to the next. The last person should repeat the message aloud. The group that gets the message through with the fewest changes wins.

3. Enjoying a Joke

Sample

In the joke, the problem is that the boy always took what the man said literally. In fact, when the man asked “Where does this road go?”, he expected that the boy would tell him that the road went or led to a certain place. But instead, the boy didn’t know what the man meant or he meant to tease the man and his answer seemed irrelevant. The same thing happened with the question “How far is it to the next town?”. Therefore, the reader may think the boy is stupid. But surprisingly, the boy’s last remark was very clever: “I know I don’t know much, and I may be a fool, but at least I’m not lost.” This made the man seem stupid.

Part Two Reading-Centered Activities

In-Class Reading

Post-Reading

Reading Comprehension

1. Understanding the Organization of the Text

1) Introduction: (para.1)

Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people.

2) Reasons why shyness can have a negative effect: (para.2—3)

People’s self-concept has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.

People with high self-esteem usually act with confidence.

People with low self-esteem are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others.

3) Ways of overcoming shyness: (para.4—15)

i) Recognize your personal strengths and weaknesses.

ii) Set reasonable goals.

iii) Don’t waste time and energy on destructive feelings such as guilt and shame.

iv) Don’t be afraid to speak up and give your point of view.

v) Do not make negative comments about yourself.

vi) Accept criticism thoughtfully.

vii) Profit from failures and disappointments by viewing them as learning experiences.

viii) Do not associate with people who make you feel inadequate.

ix) Set aside time to relax, enjoy hobbies, and reevaluate your goals regularly.

x) Practice being in social situations.

4) Conclusion: (para.16)

The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential.

2. Understanding Specific Information

1) F 2) T 3) T 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) F 8) F

3. Group Discussion

1) I think the most effective ways of overcoming shyness are the first and seventh ways.

Recognizing our personal strengths and weaknesses is useful because if we know ourselves better, we can feel more self-confident. We can be more objective, instead of being blind. The seventh way is to profit from failures and disappointments as learning experiences. If we allow ourselves to get discouraged and sad when we fail, then we will feel more unsure of ourselves. But if we think of a failure as a learning experience, we are adopting a positive attitude. By analyzing objectively why we failed and planning how to set about doing things differently we will be more likely to succeed next time.

2) Modesty is used to describe a reserved appraisal of one’s merits, abilities or success. The

opposite of modesty is arrogance or boastfulness. Modest people don’t want to talk about their abilities or achievements. Modest people know their strengths and their worth, but choose to downplay their greatness and be humble. So modesty is the result of confidence. Shyness is used to describe the uncomfortable feeling one has in the company of others. It often implies a lack of self-confidence and a timid, reserved manner. Modesty is a good personality trait while shyness in many cases is undesirable.

3) B eing shy isn’t necessarily a bad thing.It is appropriate and normal to be shy in some circumstances, for example, in the presence of teachers, your bos s, your parents’ friends or your prospective in-laws; when you are dating someone, especially the first time; when you are with strangers; when you are in a new environment; when you’re facing a large audience. In fact, it can even be helpful to be a littl e shy. When you’re shy and keep silent, you may spend a little time observing the surroundings and people around before jumping right into the new situation.

Vocabulary

1. “Self-”is a prefix which means “of, to or by oneself or itself” .

Words with the prefix “self-” that appear in the text: self-conscious, self-concept, self-assurance, self-worth, self-confidence, self-esteem, self-destructive, self-awareness, self-acceptance, self-rejection, self-confident.

1) self-conscious (worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you)

2) self-confidence (belief in one’s own ability, power, judgment, etc.; confidence in oneself)

3) self-esteem (the feeling that you are someone who deserves to be liked, respected, or admired)

4) self-destructive (with thoughts or actions that are counter to one’s own best interests)

5) self-worth (the value you give to your life and achievements)

6) self-concept (one’s conception or general idea of one’s own basic character and nature)

7) self-awareness (realistic knowledge and judgment about oneself)

8) self-assurance/self-confidence (the belief that you are able to deal with people and problems easily)

2. Part A

1) G 2) I 3) A 4) F 5) C 6) D 7) J 8) B 9) E 10) H

Part B

1) profound 2) jealousy 3) overcome 4) eventually 5) compliments

6) diminish 7) reassurance 8) detrimental 9) isolated 10) accented

3. 1) reflected 2) concerned/worried 3) profound effect/influence 4) viewed/regarded 5) sensitive 6) respond/react 7) eliminated 8) overcome my fear 9) concentrate on 10) made no comment

Translation

1. Shyness can vary from feeling mild discomfort to high levels of anxiety that impact us in almost everything we do.

2. Despite his stubbornness, he knew in his heart that he should avoid arousing any suspicions.

3. It will be interpreted as criticism no matter what you say.

4. Let’s not allow ourselves to be upset by trifles (which) we should despise and forget.

5. Too much time spent dwelling on the past can get in the way of enjoying life as it happens.

6. People who believe they can accomplish goals and solve problems are more likely to do well in

school.

Further Development

1. Enriching Your Word Power

1) B 2) B 3) A 4) B 5) C 6) C 7) C 8) A 9) A 10) C

2. What Is Your Personality?

STEP TWO

The personality traits are listed below, from left to right and from top to bottom.

1) Introspective, Sensitive and Reflective

You are less satisfied with yourself and your environment than are most people. You hate

superficiality (表面文章，肤浅); you’d rather be alone than have to suffer through small talk (寒暄，闲谈). But your relationships with your friends are very strong, which gives you the inner

calmness and harmony that you require. You do not mind being alone for long periods of time; you rarely become bored.

2) Independent, Unconventional and Free

You demand a free and unattached life for yourself that allows you to determine your own course. You have an artistic bent (倾向，才能) in your work or leisure activities. Your urge for

freedom sometimes causes you to do exactly the opposite of what is expected of you.

3) Dynamic, Active and Extroverted

You are quite willing to accept certain risks and to make a strong commitment in exchange for interesting and varied work. Routine, in contrast, tends to have a paralyzing effect on you.

What you like most is to be able to play an active role in events. In doing so, your initiative (积极性) is highly evident.

4) Down to Earth, Well-Balanced and Harmonious

You value a natural style and love that which is uncomplicated. People admire you because you have both feet planted firmly on the ground and they can depend on you. You give those who are close to you security and space. You are perceived as being warm and human. You

reject everything that is showy (过分装饰的)or trite (老一套的).You don’t like fashionable

clothing. For you, clothing has to be practical and pleasantly elegant.

5) Professional, Pragmatic and Self-Assured

You take charge of your life, and place less faith in your luck and more in your own deeds. You solve problems in a practical, uncomplicated manner. You take a realistic view of the things in your daily life and deal with them without hesitation. You are given a great deal of responsibility at work, because people know that you can be depended upon.

Your remarkable strength of will projects (投射) your self-assurance to others. You are never

fully satisfied until you have accomplished your ideas.

6) Peaceful, Discreet (谨慎的) a nd Non-Aggressive

You are easy-going yet discreet. You make friends effortlessly, yet enjoy your privacy and independence. You like to get away from it all and be alone from time to time to reflect the meaning of life and enjoy yourself. You need space, so you escape to beautiful hideaways, but you are not a loner. You are at peace with yourself and the world, and you appreciate life and what this world has to offer.

7) Carefree, Playful and Cheerful

You love a free and spontaneous life. And you attempt to enjoy it to the fullest, in accordance with the motto (座右铭): “You only live once.”

You are very curious and open about everything new; you thrive on(以……为乐) ch ange. Nothing is worse than when you feel tied down (牵制，束缚). You are always ready for a surprise.

8) Romantic, Dreamy and Emotional

You are a very sensitive person. You refuse to view things only from a sober(审慎的), rational (理性的) standpoint. What your feelings tell you is just as important to you. In fact, you feel it is important to have dreams in life, too.

You reject people who scorn (蔑视) romanticism and are guided only by rationality (理性).

You refuse to let anything limit the rich variety of your moods and emotions.

9) Analytical, Trustworthy and Self-Assured

You are sensitive. You like to surround you rself with little “gems,” which you discover wherever they are overlooked by others. Thus, culture plays a special role in your life. You have found your own personal style, which is elegant and exclusive, free from the influence of fashion. Your ideal, upon which you base your life, is cultured pleasure. You value a certain level of culture on the part of the people with whom you associate.

STEP Three

Sample: I chose Shape 7, which is very appealing to me. The personality traits described match me exactly. I think I am carefree, playful and cheerful. I love a free and spontaneous life. For example, I enjoy my college life very much, because I don’t want my parents to tell me what to do and what not to do. I want to lead my own life, to be my own boss. But there is one thing which doesn’t fit me; that is, I am not very curious. For example, I am not interested in knowing what’s happening around me. I am not crazy about trying new food. I am not curious about the affairs of other people. I am a bit self-centered. I hope to be the center of attention. I am also a bit bossy, hoping that others will do what I tell them. I am also very outspoken, but I do not get annoyed if my suggestions are not accepted.

3. Pen Pal Time

Sample

Dear Host or Hostess,

I’m a freshman from Northeast University, majoring in Electrical Engineering. I’m writing in the hope that I can make some new friends.

On the whole, I’m a lively, active and helpful girl, who enjoys staying with friends. I also have a sensitive and emotional soul. I value friendship more than anything else. In my free time I enjoy listening to music, such as classic, pop, or light music. My favorite group is “Back Street Boys”. My Motto is “I believe I can fly”. But I don’t like sports, so those who enjoy watching gam es and talking about sports, do not write to me. Otherwise, they will be disappointed.

Anyone who is of a similar age and wants a friend to talk to or write to, please e-mail: . Write to me and you will receive my reply immediately, especially if you write in English.

Yours,

Zhang Yan

4. Your Show Time

A sample for “selfishness”:

S: Hi, Mr. Li. Do you have a few minutes?

A: Yes, sure. Anything wrong? You don’t look very well.

S: I don’t know how to start. It’s about my personality, you know.

A: Yes?

S: I am the only child in my family. My paternal grandparents, maternal grandparents and parents all love me very much, even to the point of spoiling me. This makes me very self-centered and very selfish.

A: Oh? Did anyone tell you that before?

S: They didn’t say anything directly. But I could sense that. For example, my roommates don’t like to talk to me. It’s hard for me to make friends with any of them and I feel very isolated. I want to get rid of selfishness. But I don’t know how.

A: I know it’s hard to change, since you have been like this for about 18 years, right? But it’s not impossible.

S: How?

A: First, you have to remember that most of your classmates are also the only child of their families. So you are not much different from them. They are all your equals and deserve the same rights and treatment. You can’t expect them to please you or do anything for you like your family members.

S: You are right. I was wrong in thinking that they should all adore me as if I were a prince.

princess.

A: Also, you need to be more agreeable and generous when you’re with them. You should learn to share, for example, your books, CDs, food, and also your feelings and experiences with others. Try to be more considerate and helpful. Do not make loud noises when others are sleeping. If someone is ill, ask him/her what you could do for them, buy them some drink or food. Once you show your concern for others, they will certainly feel grateful to you and repay you some day, and will treat you as their friend.

S: Yes. You are quite right. I have never thought of helping others. In my whole life, I am the one who has been helped and taken care of.

A: My last point: Ask yourself, whether you want to make friends with a selfish person who always takes things from you but never gives.

S: Of course not!

A: That’s it! Good luck!

S: Thank you so much!

A sample for “impatience”:

A: Hi, Tom. You don’t look very happy. What’s wrong?

S: I just had a fight with Ted.

A: About what?

S: It was at noon. I felt a bit sleepy and was having a nap. When I was just about to fall asleep, I suddenly heard Ted calling my name. I woke up. He just wanted to ask me a stupid question. A: So you flew into a rage?

S: Yes! I asked him to shut up, and be quiet! And he became angry too. We didn’t talk to each other the whole afternoon.

A: You are a bit impatient. I don’t think he intended to annoy you and woke you up on purpose. S: Now I also realize I was too quick-tempered. But what can I do to change it?

A: I think you need to put yourself in other people’s shoes. If others shout at you rudely, how would you feel?

S: I would be annoyed. I might never talk to that person again.

A: So, you see, do not do to others what you do not want others do to you.

S: Yeah, that’s right.

A: Also, always think twice before you leap. You may do something like deep breathing, or counting to ten before you speak.

S: Ok. I will try to remember that.

A: You may also put up some reminders such as “Be Patient” on the wall.

S: That’s a good idea! I enjoy calligraphy. I might write one myself.

A: Great! I hope you will be more patient and enjoy your college life here.

A sample for “dishonesty”:

(At Miss Li’s office.)

S: Hi, Miss Li.

A: Hi, Sara. Come on in! Anything I can help with?

S: Yes, I’m afraid so. I hate myself. I despise myself!

A: Why? What’s wrong?

S: I have a big problem with my personality. I seem to be a habitual liar. I know some of my

classmates have labeled me as “dishonest”, but I never intend to be so.

A: I know, I know. So let’s see what we can do with it. You said you told lies. Why was that?

What kind of lie did you tell?

S: For example, I didn’t get a high score in Calculus last semester. In fact, I just got a pass. But when others asked me about my score, I told them I got 85. But later, they found out I didn’t tell the truth.

A: OK! I think that’s because you wished you could have had a higher score. The low score made you feel a bit ashamed, kind of losing face, right? So you tried to hide the truth. But remember, getting a low score occasionally is normal. Most students have such experiences.

You have to learn to accept that. On the contrary, telling lies will be frowned upon by your classmates. A score only reflects your ability of one thing at one time, but telling lies can be detrimental to your integrity all the time.

S: You are right. But my lies didn’t hurt anyone. I just didn’t want to lose face.

A: It seems to make sense. But do you want to be lied to? Do you want your friends to be dishonest to you? Do you want your child to be dishonest too?

S: Definitely not.

A: In fact, telling lies is a very tiring thing. You have to have a good memory. You have to remember two things: the fact and your lie so as not to let the cat out of the bag.

S: Quite true! Sometimes, before I speak, I need to recall what I told others in order to keep my words consistent, so to speak.

A: So why not lead an easy and happy life by telling the truth and being an honest person in whatever you do? Just as the proverb goes, honesty is the best policy.

S: Ok. Thank you very much! From now on, I will try my best not to tell lies and be an honest person.

5. Comparing Optimists with Pessimists

Step One

Step Two

Advice to pessimists:

?Do things you enjoy, such as playing games, going shopping, having ice-cream, talking with your friends, calling your parents when you are depressed.

? Help other people whenever you can. This will make you feel satisfied with yourself and give you a sense of achievement.

? Keep fit. This will make you energetic, active and in a good mood.

? Do not believe in fate.

? Learn to interpret failure in a positive way.

?When things go wrong, think about your strong points and have another try before you give up. ? Do not always dwell on your unluckiness; think about what you have and enjoy.

? Remember misfortune will not last long.

? Keep in mind that tomorrow is a new day.

6. Once upon a Time…

Once upon a time, there were a proud house cat and a clever mouse. The cat was called Tom and the mouse (was called) Terry.

The master of the house was very kind and generous to Tom. He gave him three good meals a day for his effort in driving the mouse away. Tom worked hard. He was truly diligent and tried his very best to catch Terry but he never succeeded. Every time he got close to Terry, Terry would make a quick turn and leave Tom far behind once again.

The game between Tom and Terry went on for some time. Christmas was coming and the children in the house would receive presents. Tom, of course, expected to receive something from his master. He was a shrewd cat so he made up his mind to do something to please his master before Christmas.

Tom sent for his brother to help him drive the mouse out of the house. They worked well together and Terry disappeared. Tom was now very proud of himself. To his amazement, his master had no intention of giving him a Christmas bonus. In fact, Tom’s meals be came worse and worse because the master found there was no need to keep a cat if there were no mice.

Tom was a sensitive cat and felt very sad. He then realized how important Terry was to him and he begged him to return. The master was shocked to see the m ouse again. Suddenly Tom’s meals began to improve.

From then on, Tom just pretended to work hard. Sometimes he shared his meals with Terry. And they lived happily ever after.

Writing and Translation

2. Translation Practice

1) It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure

2) Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful.

3) When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience.

4) Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence when faced with problems or

difficulties.

5) Don’t let negative thoughts hold you back.

6) Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so don’t blame yourself too much.

3. Writing

Sample 1:

Dear Jessica,

It’s so good to get your e-mail. But I’m sorry to know that you’re still struggling with pessimism. I know being pessimistic is painful. It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure, while optimism usually brings happiness, good health and success. Pessimists also make those around them very miserable. Therefore, pessimists like you should change their way of thinking and overcome the negative aspects of their personalities. Here are a few tips for you.

1. Try to smile more often. A smile has great power. It can chase sadness away. It will make you and other people feel happy. And it may even make things easier and better. Smiling in the morning makes a good beginning for the day. A smile is the most important sign of optimism.

2. Build up your self-confidence. Try to discover as many of your personal strengths as you can. Then write them all down. Read them several times when you are getting ready to do something or when you are facing difficulties. Your list will help you see your abilities.

3. Change yo ur way of thinking. Don’t always think that things will go wrong or that if they do there will be terrible results. Instead, convince yourself that things will improve and that you can work hard to help improve them. If you fail, think about what you have learned from the failure. If you succeed, praise yourself. Don’t be too modest! There is nothing more encouraging than self-praise.

I hope my suggestions can be of some help to you.

Best wishes!

Grace

(265 words)

Sample 2:

Hi Jessica,

Your e-mail has been well-received. I’m very glad to know everything goes well with you except that you are still a bit pessimistic.

As everyone knows, pessimism is harmful to people. It makes you unhappy and unhealthy, and even brings depression, loneliness and failure. Pessimists tend to suffer more failures and setbacks because they don’t believe they can succeed and thus don’t struggle for it. Perhaps you know better than I in this aspect. Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and

successful.

Here are some suggestions for you:

1.Remember that everyone experiences failures and disappointments. So when you fail, don’t

blame yourself too much. It may be not your fault.

2.When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience instead of getting

depressed. And next time, you can make plans to be more successful.

3.When you fail, don’t be discouraged. Try again. Don’t let negative thoughts hold you back.

Just give yourself another chance. So never give up just because you failed.

Pessimism is harmful, but it can be changed. Trust yourself and try to adopt the attitude of an optimist, and then you will be a winner in life more often.

I hope you can benefit from your college life and be an optimist!

Looking forward to your reply.

All the best,

John

(226 words)

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新视野大学英语课后习 题翻译答案 -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1

新视野大学英语（第二版）读写教程2 1至7单元课后翻译答案总结 IA：她连水都不愿意喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。 She wouldn’t take a drink , much less would she stay for dinner. 他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。 He thought I was lying to him , whereas I was telling the truth. 这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎样解释 How do you account for the fact you have been late every day this week 他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。 The increase in their profits is due to their new market strategy. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率得提高。 Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.

我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力，所以我们 只能继续。 We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project , so we have to carry on. IIA: 尽管她是家里的独生女，他父母也从不溺爱她。 Despite the fact that she is the only child in the family , her parents never baby her . 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会，也没有给我打电话作任何解 释。 Mike didn’t come to the party last night , nor did he call me to give an explanation. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说，但绝不是什么 大作家。 The man sitting next to him did publish some novels , but he is by no means a great writer. 他对足球不感兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢。 He is not interested in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses.

全新版大学英语综合教程3课文翻译

AppendⅡ Chinese Translations of Texts A (Units 1-8) 参考译文 目录： 第一单元生活方式的改变 (2) 第二单元民权英雄 (5) 第三单元安全问题 (8) 第四单元外星人 (10) 第五单元如何欢庆节日 (14) 第六单元人情味 (18) 第七单元谋生 (21)

第八单元克隆技术 (27) 第一单元生活方式的改变 课文A 在美国，不少人对乡村生活怀有浪漫的情感。许多居住在城镇的人梦想着自己办个农场，梦想着靠土地为生。很少有人真去把梦想变为现实。或许这也没有什么不好，因为，正如吉姆·多尔蒂当初开始其写作和农场经营双重生涯时所体验到的那样，农耕生活远非轻松自在。但他写道，自己并不后悔，对自己做出的改变生活方式的决定仍热情不减。 多尔蒂先生创建自己的理想生活 售姆·多尔蒂有两件事是我一直想做的——写作与务农。如今我同时做着这两件事。作为作家，我和E·B·怀特不属同一等级，作为农场主，我和乡邻也不是同一类人，不过我应付得还行。在城市以及郊区历经多年的怅惘失望之后，我和妻子桑迪终于在这里的乡村寻觅到心灵的满足。 这是一种自力更生的生活。我们食用的果蔬几乎都是自己种的。自家饲养的鸡提供鸡蛋，每星期还能剩余几十个出售。自家养殖的蜜蜂提供蜂蜜，我们还自己动手砍柴，足可供过冬取暖之用。 这也是一种令人满足的生活。夏日里我们在河上荡舟，在林子里野餐，骑着自行车长时间漫游。冬日里我们滑雪溜冰。我们为落日的余辉而激动。我们爱闻大地回暖的气息，爱听

牛群哞叫。我们守着看鹰儿飞过上空，看玉米田间鹿群嬉跃。 但如此美妙的生活有时会变得相当艰苦。就在三个月前，气温降到华氏零下30度，我们辛苦劳作了整整两天，用一个雪橇沿着河边拖运木柴。再过三个月，气温会升到95度，我们就要给玉米松土，在草莓地除草，还要宰杀家禽。前一阵子我和桑迪不得不翻修后屋顶。过些时候，四个孩子中的两个小的，16岁的吉米和13岁的埃米莉，会帮着我一起把拖了很久没修的室外厕所修葺一下，那是专为室外干活修建的。这个月晚些时候，我们要给果树喷洒药水，要油漆谷仓，要给菜园播种，要赶在新的小鸡运到之前清扫鸡舍。 在这些活计之间，我每周要抽空花五、六十个小时，不是打字撰文，就是为作为自由撰稿人投给报刊的文章进行采访。桑迪则有她自己繁忙的工作日程。除了日常的家务，她还照管菜园和蜂房，烘烤面包，将食品装罐、冷藏，开车送孩子学音乐，和他们一起练习，自己还要上风琴课，为我做些研究工作并打字，自己有时也写写文章，还要侍弄花圃、堆摞木柴、运送鸡蛋。正如老话说的那样，在这种情形之下，坏人不得闲——贤德之人也歇不了。 我们谁也不会忘记第一年的冬天。从12月一直到3月底，我们都被深达5英尺的积雪困着。暴风雪肆虐，一场接着一场，积雪厚厚地覆盖着屋子和谷仓，而室内，我们用自己砍伐的木柴烧火取暖，吃着自家种植的苹果，温馨快乐每一分钟。 开春后，有过两次泛滥。一次是河水外溢，我们不少田地被淹了几个星期。接着一次是生长季节到了，一波又一波的农产品潮涌而来，弄得我们应接不暇。我们的冰箱里塞满了樱桃、蓝莓、草莓、芦笋、豌豆、青豆和玉米。接着我们存放食品罐的架子上、柜橱里也开始堆满一罐罐的腌渍食品，有番茄汁、葡萄汁、李子、果酱和果冻。最后，地窖里遍地是大堆大堆的土豆、葫芦、南瓜，谷仓里也储满了苹果和梨。真是太美妙了。 第二年我们种了更多的作物，差不多就靠着从自家树林砍伐的木柴以及仅仅100加仑的燃油过了冬。其时，我开始认真考虑起辞了职去从事自由撰稿的事来。时机选得实在太差。当时，两个大的女儿肖恩和埃米正在费用很高的常青藤学校上学，而我们只有几千美金的银行存款。但我们一再回到一个老问题上来：真的会有更好的时机吗?答案无疑是否定的。于是，带着老板的祝福，口袋里揣着作为累积津贴的半年薪水，我走了。