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英语四六级翻译题解题7种技巧

英语四六级翻译题解题7种技巧
英语四六级翻译题解题7种技巧

英语四六级翻译题解题7种技巧

一说到四六级翻译,许多童鞋就如“谈虎色变”,面露难色,深锁眉头。

诚然,与听力,阅读,写作相比确实有着特殊的地方。因为,其他项目只需要提升英语水平即可。而翻译,不仅需要扎实的英语基础,更需要深厚的中文功底。

但其实四级翻译,并没有想象中的那样复杂,仅需7种方法即可攻略!

一、增词法

在翻译段落时,为了能充分的表达原文含义,以求达意,翻译时有必要增加词语来使英文的表达更加顺畅。

例子:虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后。

译文: Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 批注:中间加上了增连词whereas,以使英语的句子表达更加有逻辑性。

二、减词

英语的表达倾向简洁,汉语比较喜欢重复。重复,作为一种汉语修辞方法,在某种场合下,重复的表达一个意思,是为了强调,加强语气。

为了有更强的节奏感和押韵,汉语中也经常会出现排比句。考生在翻译这些句子时,为了符合英文表达的逻辑,就要有所删减或省略。

例子:这是革命的春天,这是人民的春天,这是科学的春天!让我们张开双臂,热烈拥抱这个春天吧!

译文:Let us stretch out our arms to embrace the spring, which is one of the revolution, of the people, and of science.

批注:如遇到重复的汉语排比句,汉译英时记得遵守英语的逻辑表达,用定语从句来翻译,使英文句子读起来也朗朗上口。

三、词类转换

英语语言的一个很重要的特点,就是词类变形和词性转换,尤其是名词、动词、形容词之间的转换。

例子:她的书给我们的印象很深。

译文:Her book impressed us deeply.

批注:在这里汉语中的名词需转化成英语中的动词"impress"。

四、语态转换

语态分为被动语态和主动语态,汉语中主动语态出现频率较高,而与之相反,英语中被动语态的使用率较高。因此考生在翻译时,要注意语态之间的转换。

例子:这个小女孩在上学的路上受了伤。

译文:The little girl was hurt on her way to school.

批注:这里,“受了伤”的主动语态转换为"was hurt"的被动语态。

五、语序变换

为了适应英文的修辞避免歧义,有时需要对原文的语序进行调整。

六、分译与合译

在遇到较长的句子或较复杂的句子时,可以考虑分译,以使译文简洁,通俗易懂。同时也可以把汉语的两个较简短的句子译成一句,中间用连接词来链接。

七、正反表达翻译

正反表达翻译可以分为两种情况:

1.汉语从正面表达时,英语从反面表达。小编简称为“汉正英反”。

2.汉语从反面表达时,译文从正面表达。小编简称为“汉反英正”。

例子:他的演讲不充实。

译文:His speech is pretty thin.

批注:以上用法属于“汉反英正”的用法。

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