英语写作基础答案

第一部分英语写作基础(答案)

第一章句子写作

1.1 句子的种类

I.

1) Is there any water in the bottle?

2) Can she sing and dance very well?

3) Has he a brother in England? Or: Does he have a brother in England?

4) Does it often rain here in summer?

5) Did you always play together at that time?

6) Who is he?

7) How many times have you been to Beijing?

8) Where do they live?

9) What does your father like very much?

10) Why did he go to school yesterday?

II.

1)“Shall we go by bus or by train?”“Better go by train.”

2)“Are we going to have the meeting today or tomorrow?”“Tomorrow.”

3)“Y ou are not ready, are you？”“No, I am not.”

4)We can’t take these books out, can we?”“No, we can’t”

5)Take care not to catch cold.

6)Speak a little slower. I can’t follow you.

7)Let’s not waste our time arguing about it.

8)How pretty you are in that skirt!

9)What a beautiful city Hangzhou is!

10)How I miss my parents!

III.

1)She has not had her lunch.

2)I was too excited to say a ward.

3)None of the problems is difficult.

4)Y ou can find this kind of mobile phone somewhere.

5)He opened the door and we all went in.

6)Put on your coat, or you will catch cold.

7)It was late, so we went home.

8)He doesn’t earn much, but he spends money freely.

9)Turn off the light before you leave the room.

10)I hope that you will enjoy your stay here.

1.2句子的基本句型

I．

1）SVC 2) SV 3)SVC 4) SVOC 5. SVOA6) SVO 7) SVOC 8) SVOiOd 9) SVOC 10) SV A

II.

1)My ink has run out. (SV)

2)My plan has changed. (SV)

3)These flowers smell very sweet. (SVC)

4)The story sounds interesting. (SVC)

5)Y ou should look after your parents. (SVO)

6)They didn’t accept my invitation. (SVO)

7)They named the boy jack.(SVOC)

8)I saw him come in and go out. (SVOC)

9)He offered her his seat / his seat to her. (SVOiOd)

10)Jack has caused his family some trouble.(SVOiOd)

11)My uncle has sent me a present. (SVOiOd)

12)He is sitting by the window.(SA V)

13)I went there the day before yesterday. (SV A)

14)My mother wants to retire this year.

15)David likes singing in the bathroom.

1.3

句子的统一与连贯

I．

1) They enjoy reading classic Chinese literature, such as the poetry by Li Bai and Du Fu.

2) When I was a little boy, I wanted to become a doctor.

3) We got to the airport in time and took the plane.

4) I booked the plane tickets and received them two days later.

5) He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.

6) Come with me and help me do / with the work.

7) If you want to keep healthy, you should spend a little of your free / spare time on regular

physical exercise.

8) As you are too weak to travel, you should stay at home during the summer vacation.

9) Teaching, however, is not so easy as others think. It takes me much time to prepare the lesson. And I often feel a bit tense in class.

10) It is difficult to learn English. If we want to have a good command of it, we must study hard.

11) John decided to stop smoking. He did not want to die of lung cancer. Or: John decided to stop

smoking because he did not want to die of lung cancer.

12) It seemed so wonderful that she could speak so easy. But she suddenly paused because she

was usually shy.

II

1)tom is a student who does well in exams, attends classes, reads textbooks, and reviews class

notes.

2)The teacher told his students to read the story, to write an outline of it and to develop the

outline into a summary.

3)His speeches were either too long or too short.

4)Knowing how to study and learning how to plan time are very important for college students.

5)The new flat is not only more economical but also some questions.

6)Come to class prepared to take notes and to ask some questions.

7)We judge our friends both by what they say and by how they act.

8)David was nervous and annoyed because he had lost his keys.

9)Some people find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.

10)She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told her.

11)Dentists advise brushing your teeth after each meal and avoiding too much sugar in your diet.

12)My uncle spoke with warmth and humor.

13)My driving instructor told me to keep both hands on the wheel, to use caution at all time, and

not to take my eyes off the road.

14)Men’s clothing styles and women’s clothing styles have grown similar in recent years.

15)Credit cards are accepted by department stores, airlines, and some gas stations.

1.4句子的扩展

I

1）（副词）（SV A）

2）（现在分词短语）（SVOC）

3）（动词不定式短语）（SV A）

4）（形容词短语）（SV A）

5) (现在分词短语）（SVC）

6) (形容词) (SVOiOd)

7) (介词短语) (SV A)

8) (过去分词短语) (SVOC)

9) (介词短语/ 形容词/动词不定式) (SVO)

10) (过去分词短语) (SVOA)

II.

1)(宾语从句)

2)（定语从句）

3)（状语从句）

4)（主语从句）

5)（补语从句）

6)（主语从句）

7)（同位语从句）

8)（状语从句）

9)（定语从句）

10)（宾语从句）

1.5 句子的合并

I

1) Mary can speak Chinese but can’t speak Japanese.

2) Mrs. Green took the shopping list on the table and went direct to the supermarket.

3) The boy fell down from the tree and hurt his hands and legs.

4) Y ou may watch TV at home or go to the football match.

5) (Both) Jack and David work in ABC Company.

6) They considered and adapt my plan.

7) Y ou should speak English not only in class but also out of class. Or: Y ou should speak English

both in and out of class.

8) The teacher went to the library together with two students.

9) Y ou will have to finish either this book or that one.

10) He failed to come not because of his illness but because of his unwillingness.

II

1)Please tell me when you will come here again.

2)He is anxious to know whether /if he has passed the exam.

3)The fact that the earth goes round the sun is well known.

4)The young lady you saw in the dinning room just now teaches us English.

5)The old man whose son is in our class like pop songs very much.

6)A few students who haven’t realized the value of the book don’t want to use the book as their

textbook.

7)She is more hard-working than the other students. Or: The other students are not as

hard-working as she is.

8)If he comes to the meeting, we’ll ask him about it.

9)He did many things to please the old man because he hoped the old man would help him.

10)As soon as she comes, I will tell her about it.

第二章段落写作

2.1 段落结构

I

1）Convenience foods are easy to prepare.

主题主导思想

2) A dictionary is a useful tool for a college student.

主题主导思想

3) Driving on freeways requires skill and carefulness.

主题主导思想

4) It is difficult for Chinese students to write compositions in English.

主题主导思想

5) Poor handwriting can often get you into trouble.

主题主导思想

6) Television can play an educational role in our daily life.

主题主导思想

7) College students have to sit a number of exams during their student career.

主题主导思想

8) Parents have different ways of giving their children an education.

主题主导思想

9）A well-written paragraph follows several guidelines.

主题主导思想

oung people can be of great help to society.

主导思想

II.

1) a 2)a 3)b 4) a 5) c 6) a 7) b 8) a

III

1)(4) 2.(1), (3) 3. (1)

2.2 段落展开

1) 定义法2) 分类法3) 举例法4) 列举法5) 过程描述法6) 比较法7) 过程描述法8)比较法9) 因果法10) 举例法

2.3 段落的统一与连贯

I.

1) (4),(6) 2) (2), (5) 3) (3), (4)

II

1) cba 2)badc 3) ecabdf 4) cadbef

III

1) (1) First 2) so 3)however 4) As a result 5) Finally

2) (1) First (2) Otherwise (3) On the other hand (4) Second (5) However

(6) In contrast (7) Third (8) And (9) But (10) In spite of

第三章篇章写作

3.1 篇章结构

3.1.1 开头段

1）提问法2）定义法3）开门见山、点明主题法4）引语法

5）定义法6）数据法

3.1.3 结尾段

1）提问式结尾2）归纳总结式结尾3）个人见解式结尾

4）引语式结尾5）提问式结尾6）归纳总结式结尾

3.2 英语写作常用文体

I．

1）说明文2）议论文3）叙述文

II．（For reference only）

Spring Festival is a wonderful time of the year to spend with one’s family. People who work and study far away from their homes come back. They tell each other about their work and life, exchange gifts and eat lots of delicious food with their family members.

Spring Festival is also a great time to visit one’s friends. During the holiday, many people go to see their friends and share their interesting stories or work experiences. Students love to go out with their former classmates and enjoy talking about their life. Many students also like to visit their teachers and wish them a happy new year.

However, there are times during the Spring Festival when it’s nice just to be by yourself. Y ou can read novels that you never seem to have time to read at school. Y ou can watch your favorite TV programs at home. Y ou can have a quiet walk in your neighborhood or in a park nearby and think about your busy life. Spring Festival is an enjoyable time for everyone.

III (For reference only)

A proverb says, “Time is money.” But in my opinion, time is even more precious than money because when money is spent, we can earn it back; but when time is gone, it will never return.

Thus we must value time.

Time passes very quickly. Some students say they do not have enough time for all their lessons. Actually they do not know how to make use of their time. They spend their precious time smoking, drinking, chatting, playing games and doing other useless things. They don’t realize that wasting time is equal to wasting a part of their valuable life.

Today we are living in the twenty-first century. We know that time is life. When a person dies, his time has ended. Since life is short, we should devote our time and energy to our studies so that we will be able to serve our country and society. We should form the habit of saving time. We shouldn’t put off what can be done today till tomorrow. Laziness will not only bring us failure but also lead us to the road of poverty.

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