最新新编大学英语第二册答案完整版

Unit 1

●Part Two Reading centered activities

Pre-reading

Reading Comprehension

1.Understanding the structure of the passage

Para.1-4 c para.5-7 a para.8-11 b para.12-13 d

2. 1) They would stare at them.

2) He felt embarrassed/ ashamed

3) He never let on.

4) He usually walked there with the help of his son

5) He was pulled on a child’s sleigh to the subway station

6) He like basketball, dances, and parties

7) He asked them to sit down and fight with him.

8) He was proud of his son

9) He missed him very much and was sorry for what he had thought about him.

10) He learned to have a good heart from his father.

3. 1) C 2) A 3) C 4) B 5) D 6) A 7) B 8) C 9) D 10) A

4. Understanding the reference Words.

1)the difficulty in coordination the steps

2)whether a person has a good heart

3) a good heart

4)the baseball team

5)sat down to fight

6)what the son has achieved

7)sensed

8)the reluctance to walk with him

●Vocabulary

1. 1) urged

2) halted

3) bother

4) embarrassed

5) adjusted

6) complain

7) kid

8)engage

9)subject

10)saw to it that

11)coordinate

12)participate

2.Word-building

patience

bitterness

fortune

knowledgeable

reluctant

entrance

complaint

envious

memorable

frustration

1)bitter

2)fortunate

3)patience

4)memorable

5)reluctant

6)entrance

7)complaints

8)envious

9)knowledgeable

10)frustration

●Translation

1.He walks slowly because of his bad leg.

2.He came to the meeting despite his serious illness.

3.He saw to it that the same mistake didn’t happen again.

4.Now that they’ve got to know each other a little better, the get along just fine.

5.Then I found myself surrounded by half a dozen boys.

6.I send you my best wishes on this happy occasion.

●Part Three Further development

3.What is love?

1)causes

2)offers

3)to

4)not

5)tell

6)calls

7)attracted

8)discovers

9)weak

10)disappointed

11)distance

12)out

●Part Four Writing and Translation

2. Translation Practice

1.From Chinese into English

1)support a big family

2)care for her children and parents

3)pay for his children’s education

4)after years of diligent research

5)the financial burden on his shoulders

6)She has a golden heart/ a heart of gold and loves people around her.

7)My father has never bought any toys and candies for my younger brother and me, but I

know he loves us.

8)My parents do their best to meet our needs and always keep their promises.

2.From English into Chinese

1)他从来不感到疲劳，非常喜欢干活，而且说话不多。

2)有她陪在身边我很高兴并感到安全，尤其是在天气不好的时候。

3)从他那里得到的一切我们都很感激，而且下决心要努力学习来报答他。

4)她常常给我们讲一些很有趣的故事，而且从这些故事中我能能够知道自己该什么，

不该做什么。

Unit 2

●Part Two Reading centered activities

Pre-reading

Reading Comprehension

1.Understanding the main idea of the passage

1)different

2)problems

3)communication

4)translator

5)trust

6)acceptance

7)exaggerate

8)superlatives

9)metaphors

10)generalizations

11)unsupportive

12)literally

13)rethink

14)translate

2.Understanding Specific Information

1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) T 9) T 10) T

●V ocabulary

1.1) mess

2) repeat

3) mislead

4) intends

5) tend

6) exaggerates

7) frustrating

8) misinterpreted

9) acceptance

10) trust

2. Step One

1) f 2) c 3) a 4) k 5) I 6) e 7) h 8) j 9) g 10) b 11) d

Step Two

1)conveyed/ conveyed

2)assistance

3)encounter

4)conflict

5)emphasis

6)reacted

7)recognize

8)manner

9)assumed/assume

10)emerged/emerges

11)ignore

3. 1) out 2) on 3) with 4) of 5) In 6) in 7) to 8) on 9) At 10) of

●Translation

1.I went to the dentist yesterday to have a bad/decayed tooth pulled out.

2.The development of things depends fundamentally on internal causes.

3.All roads lead to Rome.

4.I meant/intended to give you that book today, but I forgot to bring it with me.

5.I was on the verge of accepting his advice.

6.Divorce is not a matter you can afford to take lightly.

●Part Three Further development

4 .A Letter for James

Dear James,

How are you?

very busy

to get ready

play

friends

won

great

got me

mobile phone

gotta go

Please write back.

●Part Four Writing and Translation

4.Translation Practice

1)Misunderstandings are very common in our daily lives.

They will cause problems and unnecessary trouble: ruin friendships, bring misery.

2)There are many ways to avoid misunderstandings

1.Do not use words that may have double meanings.

2.Express ideas and pronounce words clearly.

3.Emphasize the main points.

4.Don’t pretend to understand when you don’t.

5.Ask for clarification when not clear about the meaning.

6.Be aware of the gender differences in communication.

3)Many misunderstandings can be avoided if we are careful enough. Life without

misunderstandings will be better and happier.

Unit 3

Part Two

Post-reading

●Reading Comprehension

1.Understanding the Organization of the Text

1)Introduction (para.1)

Each person has the potential to win in his own way.

2)The meaning of “winner” and “loser”(Par. 2)

A winter is one who responds genuinely by being trustworthy and responsive

A loser is one who fails to respond genuinely

3)Few people are winners and losers all the time.(Par.3)

4)Winners (Par. 4-7)

Characteristics of a winner:

A. A winter is genuine

B. A winner is not afraid to do his own thinking and to use his own knowledge.

C. A winner is flexible.

D. A winner has a love for life.

E. A winner cares about the world and its people.

5)Losers (Para. 8-10)

Possible causes: Poor nutrition, cruelty, unhappy relationship, disease, continuing

disappointments, and inadequate physical care.

Characteristics of a loser:

A. A loser lacks an ability to appropriately express himself through a full range of

possible behavior.

B. A loser has difficulty giving and receiving love.

2.Understanding Specific Information

1) C 2) D 3) A 4) B 5) C

●V ocabulary

1.

1) appreciate

A.感激

B. 欣赏，赏识

2 ) Capacity

A. 容量，容积，容纳力

B. 能力，力量，才能

3)channel

A. 频道

B. 把---导向，引导，集中

4)contribute

A. 捐献，捐赠，贡献出

B. 有助于，促成

5)flexible

A. 有弹性的，柔韧的

B. 灵活的，可变通的

6) guilt

A. 罪，罪行

B. 内疚，自责，悔恨

7) potential

A. 潜在的，可能的

B. 潜力，潜能

8) rigid

A. 硬的，不易弯曲的

B. 严格的，刻板的

2．achieve---achievement

depend---dependence

cruel---cruelty

genuine---genuineness

aware---awareness

capable---capability

expect---expectation

limit---limitation

unique—uniqueness

respond—respons-e

disappoint---disappointment

behave—behavior

1) expectation 2) limitations 3) capability 4) achievement 5) response 6) awareness 7) behavior 8) disappointment 9) cruelty 10) dependence

3. 1) entered into 2) channeled ---into 3) holds/held back

4) unaware of 5) separates---from 6) referred to ---as

7) lived up to 8) calls for 9) contributes to 10) sees/ saw ---as Translation

1. Lack of confidence contributed to his failure.

2. She has shown great courage in the face of her serious illness.

3.We came to the conclusion that she was telling the truth.

4.His secretary failed to tell him about the meeting.

5.Learning languages isn’t just a matter of memorizing words.

6.Once she has made her decision, no one can hold her back.

7.It’ll be difficult to live up to the standards set by our captain.

8.The scientist referred to this discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.

Part Four

Writing and Translation

2. Translation Practice

1)Failure is the mother of success.

2)Any man who is afraid of failure will/can never win.

3)Success means that you enjoy/love and are good at doing what you are doing now.

4)One who is eager to win will not necessarily win quickly.

5) A successful person doesn’t ask for things from others. On the contrary/ Instead, he will ask

himself: “ What can I leave to this world?”

6) A real winner is someone who makes the greatest contributions to the society, not the one who

is the richest, or the most famous.

3. Writing

Some people say that winning means being rich, some say winning means being powerful, and other think winning means being happy. I think winning means doing what you should do and being good at it. Most of us can only live in this world for no more than 70 or 80 years. We shouldn’t think too much about what we can ge t form this world. Instead, we should think about what we can leave in this world. The one who can make more contributions to the world is a real winner. For example, cleaning the street is a humble job in many people’s eyes, but in my opinion, street cleaners can also be great winners. They make our city more beautiful. They give us a better environment and consequently a better life. But, on the contrary, some people make money at the cost of the environment. Some are even worse: they cheat or kill others in order to gain power or earn money. Winners or losers? It’s time to give it a second thought.

Unit 4

Part Two

Post-Reading

Reading Comprehension

1. Understanding the Organization of the Text

1)Introduction (Para. 1-2)

The term placebo is introduced: when it is prescribed and what it is.

2)The study of the placebo(Para.3-7)

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Unit 1 Personality V ocabulary 1. 1) self-conscious 2) self-confidence 3) self-esteem 4) self-destructive 5) self-worth 6) self-concept 7) Self-awareness 8) self-assurance/self-confidence 2. 1)B 2)I 3)L 4)A 5)H 6)D 7)E 8)N 9)J 10)M 11)C 12)F 13)G 14)K 3. 1) profound 2) jealousy 3) numerous 4) overweight 5) overcome 6) eventually 7) slim 8) compliments 9) diminish 10) reassurance 11) detrimental 12) isolated 13) self-esteem 14) accented 4. 1) reflected 2) concerned/worried 3) profound effect/influence 4) viewed/regarded 5)sensitive 6) respond/react 7)eliminated 8)overcome my fear 9) concentrate on 10) made no comment Translation 1) You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising. 2) In general children are healthier and better educated than ever before. 3) When the right opportunity comes along, he’ll take it. 4) Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life. 5) I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father. 6) He finally failed to live up to his parents’expectations. 7) In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously. 8) He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatal weakness. Part Four Writing and Translation 2. Translation Practice

新编大学英语第二册答案完整版

Unit 1 ●Part Two Reading centered activities Pre-reading Reading Comprehension 1.Understanding the structure of the passage Para.1-4 c para.5-7 a para.8-11 b para.12-13 d 2. 1) They would stare at them. 2) He felt embarrassed/ ashamed 3) He never let on. 4) He usually walked there with the help of his son 5) He was pulled on a child’s sleigh to the subway station 6) He like basketball, dances, and parties 7) He asked them to sit down and fight with him. 8) He was proud of his son 9) He missed him very much and was sorry for what he had thought about him. 10) He learned to have a good heart from his father. 3. 1) C 2) A 3) C 4) B 5) D 6) A7) B 8) C 9) D 10) A 4. Understanding the reference Words. 1)the difficulty in coordination the steps 2)whether a person has a good heart 3) a good heart 4)the baseball team 5)sat down to fight 6)what the son has achieved 7)sensed 8)the reluctance to walk with him ●Vocabulary 1. 1) urged 2) halted 3) bother 4) embarrassed 5) adjusted 6) complain 7) kid 8)engage 9)subject 10)saw to it that 11)coordinate 12)participate 2.Word-building patience

新编大学英语4(第二版)Unit 1-Unit 6单元 课文翻译及课后答案详解

课内阅读参考译文及课后习题答案(Book 4) Unit 1 享受幽默—什么东西令人开怀？ 1 听了一个有趣的故事会发笑、很开心，古今中外都一样。这一现象或许同语言本身一样悠久。那么，到底是什么东西会使一个故事或笑话让人感到滑稽可笑的呢？ 2 我是第一次辨识出幽默便喜欢上它的人，因此我曾试图跟学生议论和探讨幽默。这些学生文化差异很大，有来自拉丁美洲的，也有来自中国的。我还认真地思考过一些滑稽有趣的故事。这么做完全是出于自己的喜好。 3 为什么听我讲完一个笑话后，班上有些学生会笑得前仰后合，而其他学生看上去就像刚听我读了天气预报一样呢？显然，有些人对幽默比别人更敏感。而且，我们也发现有的人很善于讲笑话，而有的人要想说一点有趣的事却要费好大的劲。我们都听人说过这样的话：―我喜欢笑话，但我讲不好，也总是记不住。‖有些人比别人更有幽默感，就像有些人更具有音乐、数学之类的才能一样。一个真正风趣的人在任何场合都有笑话可讲，而且讲了一个笑话，就会从他记忆里引出一连串的笑话。一个缺乏幽默感的人不可能成为一群人中最受欢迎的人。一个真正有幽默感的人不仅受人喜爱，而且在任何聚会上也往往是人们注意的焦点。这么说是有道理的。 4 甚至有些动物也具有幽默感。我岳母从前经常来我们家，并能住上很长一段时间。通常她不喜欢狗，但却很喜欢布利茨恩—我们养过的一条拉布拉多母猎犬。而且，她们的这种喜欢是相互的。布利茨恩在很小的时候就常常戏弄外祖母，当外祖母坐在起居室里她最喜欢的那张舒适的椅子上时，布利茨恩就故意把她卧室里的一只拖鞋叼到起居室，并在外祖母刚好够不到的地方蹦来跳去，一直逗到外祖母忍不住站起来去拿那只拖鞋。外祖母从椅子上一起来，布利茨恩就迅速跳上那椅子，从它那闪亮的棕色眼睛里掠过一丝拉布拉多式的微笑，无疑是在说：―啊哈，你又上了我的当。‖ 5 典型的笑话或幽默故事由明显的三部分构成。第一部分是铺垫（即背景），接下来是主干部分（即故事情节），随后便是妙语（即一个出人意料或令人惊讶的结尾）。如果这个妙语含有一定的幽默成分，这个笑话便会很有趣。通常笑话都包含这三部分，而且每部分都必须交代清楚。如果讲故事或说笑话的人使用听众都熟悉的手势和语言，则有助于增强效果。 6 我们可以对幽默这种娱乐形式，进行分析，从而发现究竟是什么使一个有趣的故事或笑话令人发笑。举例来说，最常见的幽默有以下几种，包括了从最显而易见的幽默到比较微妙含蓄的幽默。 7 ―滑稽剧‖是最明显的幽默。它语言简单、直截了当，常常以取笑他人为乐。说笑打闹这种形式过去是、现在仍然是滑稽说笑演员和小丑的惯用技巧。它为不同年龄、不同文化背景的人们所喜爱。几乎本世纪的每个讲英语的滑稽说笑演员都曾以这样或那样的方式说过下面这则笑话。一位男士问另一位男士：―昨晚我看到的那位和你在一起的贵妇是谁？‖那位男士回答道：―那可不是什么贵妇，那是我老婆。‖这个笑话的幽默之处在于第二位男士说他的妻子不是一位贵妇，也就是说她不是一个高雅的女人。这个笑话并没有因为经常讲而变得不再那么好笑。由于这是一个经典笑话，观众都知道要说什么，而且因为大家对这个笑话很熟悉而更加珍爱它。 8 中国的相声是一种特殊的滑稽剧。相声中两名中国喜剧演员幽默地谈论诸如官僚主义者、家庭问题或其他一些有关个人的话题。相声随处都能听到，无论是在乡村的小舞台上，还是在北京最大的剧院里，抑或在广播、电视上。它显然是中国人家喻户晓的一种传统的幽默形式。 9 ―俏皮话‖不像滑稽剧那样浅显，它是因语言的误用或误解而引人发笑。我特别喜欢的一个例子是三位年长的绅士在英国乘火车旅行的故事。当火车慢慢停下来时，第一位绅士问道：―这是Wembley (温布利)吗？‖―不，‖第二位绅士说：―是Thursday (星期四)。‖―我也是，‖第三位说道，―让我们下车喝杯啤酒吧。‖我们知道上了年纪的人往往耳背，因此会把Wembley（温布利）听成了Wednesday（星期三），把Thursday（星期四）听成了thirsty（渴了），这样一来就为第三位老人的妙语做好了铺垫。 10 著名的中国漫画家和幽默家丁聪便是一位俏 皮话大师。在他的一幅幽默漫画中，一位老师说： ―你为什么一字不改地抄别人的作业？‖那位年轻的 学生回答道：―我没有一字不改地抄。我把作业上的 名字改成自己的了。‖在丁聪的另一幅经典漫画里， 一位生气的父亲问道：―告诉我，1加2等于几？‖ 儿子说：―我不知道。‖这位不耐烦的父亲接着说道： ―比方说，你、你妈妈和我，我们加起来一共是几个， 傻瓜？‖儿子得意地回答道：―是三个傻瓜。‖ 这些 故事无论是漫画还是笑话，是由演滑稽剧的喜剧演 员说还是由搭档的相声演员讲，都为各地人们所喜 爱。人们喜爱这些有趣的故事，因为它们贴近现实 生活，而且里面那些出人意料的妙语十分有趣。 11 双关语是一种更微妙的俏皮话。它使用的技巧 是利用发音相似的词或同一个词的不同意思。有些 批评家认为双关语是最低级的幽默，但我不同意这 种观点。双关语与其他形式的幽默相比需要更细 微、更巧妙的语言技巧；然而，简单的双关语甚至 很小的孩子也能利用。例如，谜语或脑筋急转弯问 题常使用双关语做铺垫、制造故事情节，而且更多 地是用在妙语部分。双关语是我最早懂得的幽默。 记得大约在五岁时我听到了下面这个谜语。一个人 问：―什么东西整个儿是黑的、白的和红的？‖另外 一个人通常猜不出来，于是问道：―我不猜了。是什 么呀？‖出谜语的人回答：―是报纸。‖如果你知道在 英语中―red（红色）‖和―read（读）‖的读音一样但 意思完全不同，答案就很明显了。 12 DOUBLE ENTENDRES （法语中的―一语双 关‖）是双关语的特殊形式, 其中的词或短语有双重 意思。两个意思往往很不相同，一个比较恰当，另 一个往往比较粗俗—但并不总是这样。我喜欢那个 关于一位中学教师和校长因看见学生在学校操场 上接吻而感到担心的故事。故事并不过火。那位教 师对学生们说；―我和校长已经决定停止在学校操场 上接吻。‖听到笑声，她意识到她没有把意思表达清 楚，于是补充说：―我的意思是不能再在我们的鼻子 下面发生接吻这样的事了。‖当然，这个解释并没有 纠正她的第一句话，反而使这个笑话的双重含义变 得更加好笑。 13 一些专业的幽默家认为如今的幽默大多缺乏 智慧，不够巧妙。他们不喜欢在幽默中过多使用有 色情意味或粗俗的语言，而且觉得大多数幽默家缺 乏创造性。的确，现在有些幽默令人震惊，但我认 为这不是幽默的过错。幽默本身是活泼健康的，它 还会继续生存下去，只因为每天都有有趣的事情发 生。一些有幽默感的人会看到听到这些有趣的事 情，并把它们编成妙趣横生、令人开心的笑话和故 事。 V ocabulary 1. 1) A. entertaining B. entertainment C. entertained D. entertainer 2) A. recognizable B. recognized C. recognition 3) A. tempting B. temptation C. tempt 4) A. reasoned B. reasoning C. reasonable D. reason 5) A. analyzed B. analytical C. analyst D. analysis 6) A. valuable B. valuation C. valued/values D. values 7) A. humorist B. humor C. humorous D. humorless 8) A. understandable B. understanding C. understand D. misunderstood 2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiority 4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6) a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helplessness 9) a sense of direction 10) a sense of urgency 3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments 4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encouragement 7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to be the focus/center of attention 10) we buy our tickets in advance 4. 1）certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior 5) disciplining 6) agreed 7) individually 8) first 9) response 10) question 11) attempt 12) voice 13) directly 14) followed 15) trouble Unit 2 便笺的力量 1 我当体育编辑，最早是为蒙比利埃（俄亥俄州） 的《企业导报》工作，当时我很少收到体育迷的来 信。因此，一天早晨放在我桌上的一封来信把我吸 引住了。 2 打开来信，我看到了下面的话：―关于老虎队的 述评很不错，再接再厉。‖签名的是体育编辑堂?沃 尔夫。当时我只是一个十几岁的小伙子（为每一竖 栏写一英寸文字，稿酬总计达15美分），因此他的 话最鼓舞人心了。我把这封信一直放在书桌的抽屉 里，后来它的边角都卷起来了。每当我怀疑自己不 是当作家的料时，重温一下堂的便笺，就又会树起 信心来。 3 后来，我逐渐对堂有所了解，知道给各行各业 的人写快捷而鼓舞人心的便笺是他养成的习惯。他 告诉我说：―当我使别人充满信心时，我也感觉好极 了。‖ 4 因此毫不奇怪，他的朋友圈子就像附近的伊利 湖那么大。去年他去世了，享年75岁。电话与悼 函像潮水般涌向报社，都来自于曾经得到过他激励 （文字）的人们。 5 多年来，我努力效仿堂以及我的其他朋友，他 们关心别人，常写一些鼓舞人心的话语，因为我觉 得，他们这样做是很有意义的。在这样一个惯于冷 漠、无动于衷的世界上，这种便笺给人们带来了温 暖和安慰。我们都时不时地需要鼓励，大家知道几 行赞扬的话会改变一个人的一天，甚至一生。 6 那么，这些激励人心的便笺的作者为什么寥若 晨星呢？我猜想很多人回避写，是因为他们太看重 人们的看法。他们担心会被误解，怕别人觉得他们 自作多情或者言不由衷。还有，写也要花时间，远 不如打电话方便。 7 当然打电话的缺点是：说过的话留不住。而一 张便笺使我们的良好意愿显得更加珍贵。便笺是白 纸黑字记录在案的东西，而且我们写下的字可以反 复阅读，细细品味并珍藏起来。 8 尽管写便笺会多花一些时间，但一些非常忙的 人也在这么做，其中包括乔治?布什。有人说，他政 治上的成功在很大程度上归功于他那枝随时准备 写字的笔。这是怎么回事呢？在他整个职业生涯 中，每次与人们接触之后，他几乎都随后写封信， 内容亲切——一句赞美之辞，一行表扬的话，或一 段感谢语。他不仅写给朋友和同事，还写给萍水相 逢的人以及完全陌生的人——比如那位借伞给他 的人，后来收到他热情的赞扬信，感到很惊讶。 9 那些通常做作的公司高层经理们，其领导作风 只能被形容为强硬、冷漠、脱离群众。甚至这些人 也开始学习写便笺去鼓舞人心，且从中获益匪浅。 唐纳德?彼得森，福特公司的前主席，把每天写便笺 鼓励同事当作一件日常工作。该公司在80年代时 走出低谷取得成功主要是他的功劳。―我只不过匆匆 地在备忘录或信的角上写一些鼓舞人心的话，然后 传递出去，‖他说道。―每天最重要的一段时间，就 是鼓舞那些为你工作的人的那10分钟。‖ 10 ―太多的时候，‖他发表自己的看法说，―那些 我们真正喜欢的人并不知道我们是怎么看待他们 的。太多的时候，我们会以为，我并没有说过什么 批评的话，为什么非得去说好话呢？我们忘了，人 类需要正面的肯定或鼓励——事实上，我们靠这个 取得进步，获得成功！‖ 11 怎样才能写出振奋精神、温暖人心的信呢？只 要我们怀有要表示感激之情的心愿。写这种便笺的 高手都具有我所谓的―４S‖技巧。 12 １）真诚(sincere)。没人要听虚假的赞美。 13 ２）简短(short)。如果不能用三句话表达出你 的意思，你很可能过火了，写得太长。 14 ３）具体(specific)。赞扬一位业务伙伴―演讲