现代大学英语精读3第二版。课后练习答案

Unit One

Key to Exercise

Vocabulary

4. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets

1. differ

2. differently, different

3. difference

4. serious, serious, seriously

5. seriousness, seriously polluted

6. Fortunately/ Luckily, pollution, seriously, pollute

4 Translate the following sentences using words and expressions taken from the text.

1. 他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。

They took advantage of our helpless situation and took over our company.

2. 虽然我们面前仍有困难，但我肯定我们中国人有智慧靠自己实现国家的和平统一。

Although there are still difficulties ahead of us, I am sure that we Chinese people will have the wisdom to bring abou t the peaceful unification of our country on our own.

3. 只强调国内生产总值是错误的，它会引起很多严重问题。

It is wrong to put emphasis on nothing but GDP. It will give rise to many serious problems.

4. 他喜欢炫耀他的财富，但是这完全是徒劳的，人们仍然像躲避毒药那样躲避他。

He loves to show off his wealth, but this is all in vain. People still avoid him as though he were poison.

5. 他不久就爱上了这个村子。他决心和村民一起把这个地方变成一个花园。

He soon fell in love with the village and was determined to make it a beautiful garden together with other villagers.

6. 我们必须花更多的钱来和全球气温上升作斗争。另外，我认为我们还必须采用严厉的法律措施。这不只是一个钱的问题。

We must spend more money fighting against global warming. In addition, we must resort to tough laws. It is not just a matter of money.

7. 当警察到达学校的时候，学生和老师还在一种茫然不知所措的状态。

When the police arrive at the school, the students and the teachers were still in a daze.

8. 这个腐败的官员还在死死抓住他的权力不放。他拒绝靠边站。

This corrupt official was still clinging to his power. He refused to step aside.

9. 当那个人最后进入视界时，我发现他原来是我父亲。不知道他怎么在这大雪中找到这个地方的。那时候，我放声大哭起来。

When the man finally came into view, I found it was my father. I didn’t know how he managed to find this place in the blinding snow. At that moment, I burst into tears.

10. 她不时地偷偷朝他张望。她发现自己第一次这样看一个年轻男子。

She glanced at him from time to time. It was the first time in her life that she had found herself looking at a young like that.

5. Fill u in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs

1 of

2 from

3 for

4 out

5 up

6 up

7 up for 8. out 9. with

10. of 11. of 12. of 13. up

Grammar:

3. Fill in the blanks with ONE suitable word.

1. easy

2. beginning

3. But

4. suddenly

5. worried

6. If

7. master

8. number 9. habit 10. go

4 Translate the following sentences into English

1. 上大学之前，我没有想到大学生活如此丰富多彩。

Before I came to/ entered college, I had never thought life at college would be so rich and interesting.

2. 出生于20世纪90年代的中国大学生大多数是独生子女。

Most of the Chinese college students born in the 1990s are the only child of their families.

3.了解他的人都因为他出色的工作而钦佩他。

All those who know him admire him for his hard work.

4. 我那天缺课了，因为我不知道课已提前到了周四。

I missed the class because I didn’t know it had moved up to Thursday.

5. 在某些国家，超重的人会受到一定的惩罚。

In some countries, those who are overweight will be punished one way or another.

6.在大火中失去家园的人们很快被安置到安全的地方。

Soon after the fire, those who had lost their homes were taken to a place of safety.

7. 再见面的时候，我们发现我们两人变化都很大。

When we met again, we found we both had changed a lot.

8. 以李教授为首的专家们很快就会来帮助农民解决问题。

A team of experts headed by Professor Li will soon come and help farmers solve their problems.

9.现在种着西红柿的那块地以往是荒地。

The field planted with tomatoes used to be wasteland.

10.我们老师叫我们读像矛盾、巴金那样大师们写的作品。

Our teacher told us to read books written by such masters as Mao Dun and Ba Jin.

Unit 3

Vocabulary

3 Translate the following expressions

4. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets.

1. represent, represented

2. employer, unemployed, employees, reemployed

3. well-informed, information

4. informer, inform, authorities

5. complaints, complain, unemployment

6. insult

7. insulting, insult

8. representative

9. be insulted

2 Complete the following verb + noun collocations or expressions

1 mind (his own business)

2 plant / grow / harvest / reap (the rice)

3 dig / sink (a well)

4. (catch) fish / birds / crabs / mice/ a thief / a cold / the meaning / the disease

5 till / improve / conserve (the soil)

6 plough (the field)

7 (condemn) the enemy / the killings

8 (attract) attention / interest / criticism

9 (gather) flowers/ nuts / information /troops

4. Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions and adverbs

(1) in, of, with, at, with, about/of, to, of, on, to

(2) of, for, from, till, on, after, against/from, in

(3) to, in, of, of, for, to, for, in, to,

(4) down, over, with

(5) by, over,

(6) along, with, across

(7) around/ round, away, with

(8) to, up, off, off, on

5 Translate the following sentences, using the link +predicative pattern

1. 祝英台虽然不愿意嫁给马家小少爷，但她不能不服从她父亲。她的心都碎了。

Zhu Yingtai had to (was forced to) obey her father and marry the young master of the rich Ma family although she was extremely unwilling. She was heartbroken.

2. 那个人从来没见过这么大的一张钞票。他说：“这东西看着好，摸着也好，的确就是好。”

The man had never seen such a large note. He said, “It looks good, feels good, and it is good.”

3. 树叶都变黄，变红，变紫了。看起来真是如天堂一样美。

Leaves had turned/got/gone/become yellow, red and purple, It really looked heavenly beautiful (beautiful like heaven). 4. 随着年纪越来越老，她开始容易感到疲惫。

As she grew older, she began to feel tired easily.

5. 他的话听起来很有说服力，但好听的理由并不等于好的理由，两者之间存在很大差别。

What he said sounded very convincing, but reasons that sound good do not always mean good sound reasons. There is a big difference between the two.

6. 他爱说话，他永远无法保持沉默，而他说的往往被证明是错的。

He likes to talk. He can never keep quiet, and what he says often proves (turns out to be) incorrect.

7. 他在战斗中受了伤，流了很多血，变得十分虚弱，他的领导强迫他留在医院到伤口痊愈为止。

He got wounded in battle, lost a lot of blood, and became very weak. His leaders ordered him to stay in the hospital until he was completely recovered ( healed).

8 他以为可以从我们手中滑过去；他们错了，他们休想干了坏事就溜走。

They thought they could slip through our fingers. They were wrong. They couldn’t get away with what they had done. 9. 长征的时候，红军需要越过大渡河，穿越草地，翻过雪山。

During the Long March, the Red Army had to get across the Dadu River, through the grassland and over the sown-covered mountains.

10. 你在哪里生活习惯了吗?你和同学相处的如何？我们给你寄的钱够你凑合着用吗？

Are you used to the life there? How do you get along with your classmates? Can you get by with the money we send you? (Is the money we send you enough for you?)

7 Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the appropriate word or phrase in the brackets.

1 wish

2 hoping

3 hope,wish

4 wished

5 hope

6 can’t,can,won’t

7 should,would/could/might

8 happened/occurred,happen/occur

9 occurred,taken place/happened/occurred10 happen,take place Grammar

3. Fill in each blank of the passage with ONE suitable word

1. trying 2 enough 3 brought 4 without 5 first 6 simple 7 any

8 times 9 in 10 only

4 Translate the following sentence using sentence patterns o f unreal condition or as.

1. If you had arrived ten minutes earlier, you could have caught the train.

2. Your father would have forgiven you if you had told him the truth.

3. If it hadn’t snowed heavily, I would have taken you along to yesterday’s party.

4. If there had been more rain in spring, the harvest would have been much better.

5. If they hadn’t learned a lesson from their failure, they wouldn’t have achieved so much.

6. If my family hadn’t supported me, I wouldn’t have taken part in this contest.

7. Many people think that China’s Great Wall is one of the seven wonders of the ancient world,.

8. As so often happens, misfortunes/troubles never come singly/alone.

9. As is often the case with many first-year college students, Jim finds it hard to adapt to the life at college.

10. As is reported, the president will visit five African countries next month.

5 Identify and correct the mistake(s)

1. Supermarkets have sprung up everywhere in Beijing since the 1990s.

2. The old lady finds the shop filled with goods she has no use for.

3. If I had had time, I would have joined you for dinner yesterday.

4. The old couple told me that they had nothing to complain abou t.

5. My grandfather advised me to apply to Nanjing University for admission.

(or: My grandfather suggested that I apply to Nanjing University for admission.)

6. He went back to work as soon as he was back on his feet.

7. He said he would pass on the message to all his friends.

8. We might have finished our work by 5 pm if the manager had not interfered.

9. Any country will sooner or later fall behind if it fails to keep up with the times.

10. Maybe it is fate that brought my children back to our hometown.

Unit 4

Vocabulary

2 Complete the following verb + noun collocation or expression

1. fit the (description; lock; theory)

2. (make; receive; have; get; answer ) a telephone call

3.(make; have; arrange; keep; break) an appointment

4. risk (failure; life; health)

5. affect the (health; future; economy; result; decision)

6. raise (hell; hands; eyes; a finger; voice; glass; wages; prices; hope; issue)

7. save (time; money; trouble; life; face; country)

8. wave (a gun; arms; hand; flag; cloth)

9. (do) harm

10 bite (one’ lip; one’s nails; none’s tongue)

11. (take; seize; miss; gives; have; get) chances

12. cover (a table; one’s body; somebody; ground; field; anger; all subjects; all expenses; many miles; pages)

5 Rewrite the following sentence using the words or expressions in the brackets.

1. He did not fit the description of a great scholar. For one thing, he was half naked. For another, he slept by the roadside of a busy city, hardly a setting for a philosopher.

2. I wish I knew how they learned about this secret missile.

3. Her face suggested a ripened apple, and she was otherwise very strong except for the loss of both her leg.

4. They made an appointment in a restaurant that evening, where the waiter quickly slipped a note into the spy’s hand concerning he secret message.

5. We waited for almost one hour and the food we ordered still did not come. I decided to raise the devil with the management.

6. The government has promised that it will not hesitate to punish those who deal in cheating, gambling, black marketeering, and prostitution.

7. Had the authorities aggressed with the plan, it would have brought a lot of problem. Luckily, it was turned down and no harm had been done.

8. We must make sure that the nuclear power stations are absolutely safe. We can’t take chances.

9. I think we should mind our own business. But I will check on him anyway.

6 Translate the following sentences into English

1. 他们别想当然地以为我们会接受他们的条件，把我们当傻瓜。我们不那么容易上当。

Don’t let them take it for granted that we will accept their conditions/terms. We are no fools, and we won’t be so easily taken in.

2. 我们只花了三年时间就使我们的村民收入增加了一倍.

It took us only three years to double the income of our villagers.

3. 他们要是不收回他们的话并道歉,我要给他大闹一场.

If they do not take back their remarks and apologize, I am going to raise the devil with them.

4. 我们提出的这个问题很复杂,有很多东西需要考虑.但是我们得碰碰运气吧.

The problem we raised is complicated. Many things have to be taken into consideration. But we have to take our chances.

5. 这孩子像他爹,对一切都好奇. 给他一个玩具,他立刻就拆开.

The boy takes after his father/Dad. He is full of curiosity. Give him a toy, and he will immediately take it apart.

6.你一定要确保他们带你去见他们的经理,告诉他们,事情很重要,很可能关系到我们的投资计划.你必须见他本人. You must sure that they take you to the manager. Tell them that it’s very important and may affect our investment plan, and therefore you must see him in person.

7. 他们告诉乘客说,天已晴朗了,飞机估计半小时以后起飞.

They told the passengers that the sky had cleared up and the plane was about to take off in half an hour.

8. 我建议你落实一下你们逮捕的那个人和描绘的犯人是否相符.

I suggest you go and check if the man you have arrested fit the description of the wanted man.

9. 你意思是假如我们采取这一步,就可能影响我们两国的关系吗?

Do you mean that it will affect the relationship of our two countries if we take this step?

7. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the appropriate word or phrase in the brackets.

1 except, except for

2 effect, affect

3. ordinary, common

4. cause, cause, course

5. used to

6. hard- , hardly

7. am used to 8. glanced at

9. staring at 10. gazing at

Grammar

3 Fill in each blank of the passage with ONE suitable word.

1 time

2 buy

3 instead

4 with

5 did

6 pushed

7 nobody

8 When

9 what 10 used

4 Translate the sentences into English

(1) using adverbial clauses of time and reason introduced by as

1. As the final exams are coming nearer, students have stopped computer games, and they are busy preparing for them.

2. As time goes by, it becomes easier to forgive and forget.

3. The couple sat and listened as their daughter told them about her first day at school.

4. As we approached the 21st century, we keenly felt the need for understanding and cooperation between nations.

5. As he is learned and humors, Professor Yan is very popular with his students.

6. As many important people will go to the party, the couple think they should be seen there, too.

(2) using the passive

1. Three subway lines are being built in the city.

2. Shakespeare’s works have been translated into many languages and read all over the world.

3. Almost half of the crops in the area have been destroyed in the rainstorm.

4. If you were asked to list ten people you admire, who would you name?

5. What would you do if you saw a stranger being bullied?

6. Their relationship is based on shared dreams and interests.

Unit 5

Key to Exercise

Vocabulary

3. Fill in the blacks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.

1 for, on

2 against, out

3 to, in

4 with, to

5 of, of

6 of, in spite of, on

7 of, in

8 Upon, into

9 in, with 10 to/with

4. Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate phrase in the brackets. Change the form if necessary.

1. springing up/ going up (两者均可。前者更生动些)

2. go about/ go over（两者均可，但前者指开始某项工作，后者指该计划本身要仔细审阅一下，意思有所不同）

3. went out 4 going on 5 went off 6 goes with, go to

7 go under, go for 8 go into

9 going, go to, go for, go along with, went crazy

10 go with, go together

5 Translate the following sentences into English

1. 这是个难得的机会。你要是让它从身边溜掉就太傻了。

This is a wonderful opportunity. You would be foolish to let it slip by.

2. 我们的出口和去年相比增加了百分之二十。

Compared with last year, our exports have increased by 20%. (or …are up by 20% / …have gone up by 20%)

3. 因为没有更好的词，我们姑且称之为“走后门主义吧”吧。

For want of s better word, let’s call it “backdoorism”.

4. 这个年轻人喜欢修理摆弄东西。他可以说是个万金油。（什么都会一点的人）。

This young man is fond of fixing things. He is something of Jack of all trades.

5. 和他们父母一代相比，今天的年轻人认为他们是比较现实的一代。

Compared to their parents’ generation, young people today consider them to be a more practical generation.

6. 他气得脸色发青，决定将这场抗议运动扼杀在萌芽状态。

His face turned/ went blue with anger. He was determined to nip the mass protest in the bud.

7. 这说来话长，但是今天我不想去研究这件事的历史了。

It is a long story, but I won’t go into the history today.

8.我们花了比我们想象多得多的时间才过了海关。

It took us much more time than we had expected to go through the customs.

9. 灯光突然全灭了。全城一下陷入完全黑暗中。

The power went out suddenly, and the whole city was thrown into complete darkness.

10.别等我了，你先走。我要先把这份文件看完。

Don’t wait for me. You go ahead. I must go over this document.

11. 我们无法否认这样的事实：我们为经济发展付出高昂的学费。

We cannot deny the fact that we have paid dearly for our economic development.

12. 消防队员要是晚到一会儿，火就会蔓延到附近的油罐。

Had the firemen arrived a bit later, the fire would have spread to the nearby oil tanks.

Grammar

1 Combine each pair of sentences following the pattern below.

1. The narrator was as helpless as the boy at the bank.

2. In a bad year the soil is as hard as stone.

3. Luckily, the final exam isn’t as difficult as the mid-term.

4. At the moment, your health is more important than anything else.

5. To his mind, the two cultures are as different as chalk and cheese.

6. Xiao Fang is the most creative student I’ve ever known.

7. This is the most fantastic story I’ve ever heard.

8. Five thousand yuan is the lowest price we can offer for the PC.

9. Jack says that Avatar is the best science fiction film he’s seen in the last three years.

10. The snowstorm last week was the worst my grandmother can remember.

11. I think Dialogue on CCTV News is one of the most thought provoking talk shows CCTV offers.

12. The Bird’s Nest, the Olympic Stadium in Beijing, is the most magnificent stadium I’ve ever been to.

2. Compete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets, using one of the patterns given.

1. The doctor did all (that) they could

2. everything he says

3. anything the ask for/demand

4. all he got from a week of hard work

5. All that is written in his wife’s letter

6. Nothing the doctors said

7. anything you suggest

8. Something he read in a popular magazine

9. All that can be done is /has been done

10. Anything the artist painted

11. something that never existed before

12. nothing the doctors could do

3 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs

1 through 2. over 3. like 4 As, like

5 through

6 Over/ In/ During

7 through

8 over

9 from, without, around/ in, As, with, with, to/with

4. Fill in each blank of the passage with ONE suitable word

1 much

2 kind

3 doing

4 called

5 fought

6 become

7 good

8 other

9 himself 10 then

Unit 7

Inter-lesson (I)

Answers to Exercises

1 Put in the, a/an, or a 0 when no article is needed.

1. A, a

2. a

3. The, the

4. 0,0

5. the, the

6. a

7. 0, the, the, The

8. The, a , 0

9. A, 0

10. The, an, 0, a, the, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 // 0, 0, The, a, a, 0, a, 0, 0, the, 0, 0, 0

2 Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.

1. goes

2. is having, won’t be

3. will stay

4. had

5. has just offered, told, am/was, need/needed

6. arrived, were

7. has happened, have been trying

8. is, find, are

9. arrived, had begun

10. were still sleeping, was, were barking, began

3 Put into these compound sentences a conjunction (and, but, or, so) and a comma.

1. I did not know a single one, and none of them knew me.

2. I clung to my father’s hand, but he gently pushed me from him.

3. One of our daughters is working in a textile factory in Bangkok, and the other has a jib in a store.

4. The harvests were poor at first, but they soon improved.

5. Send them away, or I’ll shoot and take my chances!

6. I opened the account myself, so why can’t I withdraw any money?

7. Our piece of land is small, and it is no longer fertile.

8. No, we two haven’t changed much, but the village has.

9. But there is no more rose in my garden, so I shall sit lonely and my heart will break.

10. I know, times have changed, but certain things should not change.

11. Sometimes, they get bullied, and it is like a knife piercing my heart.

12. “Press closer, little Nightingale, or the Day will come before the rose is finished” cried the Tree.

4 Put into the passage punctuation marks:….

My sister and I are three and a half years apart in age, but a world apart in the way we live our lives. She is conservative and quiet. I take too many risks, and the only time I’m really quiet is when I’m sleep. I’ve spent most of my adult life apologizing to my sister and the rest of my family for being different, for embarrassing them by something I wear, something I do or something I say.

5 Paraphrase these sentences, paying special attention to the underlined parts.

1. Our path: life at school

Not totally sweet: not just fun

(not) unclouded: (there were) work to do and unpleasant things to face.

Method used for paraphrasing: replacing abstract words with concrete ones

Paraphrase: school wasn’t just fun; there were work to do and unpleasant things to face.

2. suggested: showed

Authority: a person in charge

Paraphrase: The way the man looked showed he was the man in charge there.

Metho d: finding out the exact meaning of words or phrases in the context

3. it: hearing (that) my children are badly treated

Is like a knife piercing my heart: gives me great pain

Paraphrase: Whenever I hear (that) my children are badly treated, I feel great pain.

Method: replacing similes or specific words with general words.

4. fit the description of any secret agent: was like a secret agent (described in spy novels) Paraphrase: Ausable wasn’t like any secret agent in spy novels Fowler had read.

Method: explaining phrases in everyday language

5. The occasion: the fact that the villager was serious about the rock being the center of the world

Show of recognition: agreeing with them in some way

on my part: from me

Paraphrase: As the villagers were serious about the rock being the center of the world, I felt I had to show I agree with them for the sake of politeness.

Method: e xplaining abstract words (occasion, recognition) in concrete everyday expression.

Answers to Test Paper

I. Spelling

1. rivalry

2. variety

3. stretch

4. whisper

5. pierce

6. scarcity

7. scent

8. interfere

9. ridiculous 10. jewelry

11. conscious 12. genius 13. ignorance 14. potential 15. automatic

16. mysterious 17. passable 18. blossom 19. marvelous 20. philosophy

II. Word Formation

1 overcrowded

2 withdrawals

3 Amazingly

4 determination

5 doubtful

6 wordy

7 good-natured

8 telecommunications

9 curiosity 10 disagree

III. Cloze

1 has

2 meeting

3 at

4 hours

5 alone

6 lecture

7 weekends

8 Among

9 way 10 that

IV . Translation

Chinese to English

1. He doesn ’t seem to have the courage to speak out about what ’s happening in the factory.

2. The couple told the reporter that they had nothing to complain about.

3. Compared with our old place, our new apartment/house seems like a palace.

4. It is surprising that it has taken people so long to take advantage of this win-win opportunity.

5. The guests told the host that they had spent a very enjoyable evening at the party chatting with old friends.

6. I was about to pay for the shopping when it suddenly dawned on me that I had left my purse at home.

7. He stayed (in) home all weekend, trying to reflect on what had happened.

8. When he was young, he believed in freedom so much that he would rather die than live without it.

9. When I visited Beijing for the second time, I found the city ’s public amenities had greatly improved.

10. If anything unexpected happened during the conference, the security guards would arrive with in a few seconds. Unit 8

Vocabulary

4 Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word “addict ”

or “consider ”

1 addicts

2 addictive, addicted

3 addiction

3. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets.

1. that all nations realize that global warming is everybody’s bushiness

2. that life is always full of opportunities and challenges/risks

3. that all this has proved that our efforts have not been in vain

4. that the earth moves round the sun

5. that she had been admitted to that university

6. that wives ought to stay at home

7. that the best policy is to tell people the truth

8. that he mentioned the other day that

9. that our teacher once said that he had noticed that some students still had difficulties with their grammar.

5 Fill in the brackets with the correct prepositions or adverbs

1 for

2 into

3 after

4 away, over

5 out of

6 out, into 7. to, in 8 over, out for, for 9 to, about, on, across

6. Translate the following sentences into English

1. The fuel/gas ran out, but he managed to make a safe landing in rice fields.

2. There are already quite a few students who are considering running for the chairman of the Students’Union.

3. That student who was run over by the horse carriage is now out of danger. I consider him really lucky.

4. It is said that this well has never run dry in the past hundreds of years, and this has been considered a miracle.

5. We are running short of hands. You have just come in the right time.

6. I’d rather have some of our public works run by the state than by private businessmen.

7. She warned me not to make friends with those who are always running after name and money.

8. We warned them that what they did was against/a violation of the agreement/contract, and we would take legal action.

7. Fill in the blanks with the correct word(s) in the brackets. More than one word may be correct.

1 remember/memorize

2 remember/recall

3 remember/recall

4 remember, special

5 middle

6 center

7 however, visits

8 special, trip 9 particular, tour 10 found, found out

Grammar

2 Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets, using a what-clause.

1. What farmers what most

2. what they suggested

3. what my parents said to me

4. what they were trying to do

5. what life was all about

6. what they should get out of college

7. what we need

8. what you look like

9. what the village had achieved in the past 30 years

10. what the federal government should not do at the moment

3 Translate the sentences using a what-clause or a present participle phrase

1. Do what you like without caring about what other people think.

2. We should find out what the students think about the matter.

3. We’ll do what we can to help the earthquake victims.

4. I hope what I have written will be of help to other college students.

5. Being journalism majors, we ought to keep ourselves informed of what is happening around the world.

6. “Stop thief!” a student called, raising his voice.

7. Having nothing more interesting to do, the boy decided to take his alarm clock apart.

8. Wang Lan opened the wardrobe, wondering what she should wear to the interview the next day.

9. The village head went from door to door telling people to leave for a nearby hill.

10. Realizing he’d been deceived, the old man reported the painful experience to the police.

4. Fill in each blank of the passage with one suitable word.

1 easy

2 away

3 them

4 running

5 However

6 change

7 exercise

8 can

9 anyone 10 that

5 Identify and correct the mistake(s) in each of the sentence.

1. Shortly after the Spring Festival, he returned to Beijing to prepare for a job interview.

2. I don’t like the way some young people speak to their elders/people older than themselves.

3. it was in high school that Tommy first/ for the first time realized he was different from his peers.

4. Turning the corner of the street, we found a new duck restaurant there. / As we turned the corner of the street, a new duck restaurant came into view.

5. What they need most at the moment is encouragement, not merely financial support.

6. Making a presentation in English for the first time, I was so nervous that my knees kept shaking. / When I was making

a presentation in English fore the first time, I was so nervous that my knees kept shaking.

7. Being a spoiled child, Jim is rarely popular with other children.

8. While training for the school sports meet, Linda ran at least five kilometers every day.

9. He wrote to inform us that he was leaving for India next Friday.

10. Knowing Grandma had heart trouble, Dad broke the bad news gently. / As he knew Grandma had heart trouble, Dad broke the bad news gently.

Unit 10

Key to exercise

V ocabulary

2 Complete the following verb+noun collocations or expressions答案：

1. have / get / show / produce/ achieve the results

2. have / take / accept / show / bear / assume responsibility

3. discuss / debate / raise/ settle/ confuse / avoid issues

4. pursue / have / develop hobbies

5. have / make / lose / avoid contact

6. save face / lives / time / money/ trouble

7. remove roots / chairs/ hats / gloves / shoes / bandages / make-up/ doubts

8. cultivate land / field / roses/

9. eliminate enemies / rivals / opponents / suspects / errors

10. produce oil / cars / cotton / results / a movie

11. lack care / time / money / experience / patience / courage

12. bury the dead / treasure / past / head

13 nourish the plants / children / animals / relationship

14. arrange meeting / appointments / time / place / flowers / business affairs

6. Translate the following sentences into English

答案：

1. 如果他们拒绝归还小岛，他们两国的关系就不能完全正常化。

If they refused to give back these small islands, the two countries would not be able to normalize their diplomatic relations completely.

2. 我知道放弃这个机会十分愚蠢，但我别无选择。

I know that it is stupid to give up this opportunity, but I have no other choice/ alternative.

3. 由于缺少公众的支持，白宫最后退让了。

For lack of public support, the White House Had to give in at last.

4. 要一下子消灭毒品不可能，但现在世界上每年都有几百万以上的人成功地戒了烟。

It may not be possible to eliminate drugs all at once/ immediately / at one go, but now there are millions of people throughout the world who succeed in kicking the habit of cigarette smoking every year.

5. 我们已经和对方代表联系。我们已经安排不久在厦门会面，讨论双方有兴趣的重要问题。

We have already made contact with the representatives of the other side and arranged to meet in Xiamen before long to discuss important issues we are both interested in.

6. 有一天，那座新楼突然倒塌，楼里很多人都被埋了。

One day, that new building suddenly gave way / collapsed / fell down, burying many people under it.

7. 爱情是要双方的培养，而真正的爱表现在给予而不是在获取上。

Love requires nourishment from both sides, and true love is in the giving, not in the taking.

8. 奶奶的健康一有改善，她就开始把她的财产分给她的亲戚朋友们。

As soon as Grandma’s health improved, she began to give out her belongings to her folks and friends.

9. 一种长久的友好关系要求双方都十分真诚。

It requires perfect honesty on both sides to cultivate a lasting / an enduring friendly relationship.

10.据称，今年的经济计划已经完成了，国内市场也非常繁荣。

It is announced that our economic plan this year has been fulfilled and our domestic / home market has also been flourishing.

Grammar

3 Translate the following sentence into English, using a to-infinitive or either…or…/ neither …nor…

答案：

1. He said again and again that he had come to China to broaden his horizons.

2. Julia says she has neither the time nor the energy for sports after a day’s hard work.

3. Sometimes it takes courage to disagree openly with one’s immediate boss.

4. Neither the teachers nor the students here believe there is any shortcut in learning English.

5. Upon graduation, most college students have two options: either to find a job or to go to graduate school.

6. To see all the flood victims properly housed is the relief workers’number one task at present.

7. During my stay in China. I would like you to arrange for me to see some of my old friends.

8. In order to prevent the price of houses from going up too fast, the government promised to adopt / launch a series of policies.

9. Such interviews are generally conducted either in a hotel or in a café, never in offices.

10. They opened a shelter for the city’s homeless to stay overnight in extreme weather condition.

4 Fill in the blank of the passage with ONE suitable word.

答案：

1. comes

2. different

3. Anybody

4. as

5. longer

6. burdens

7. them

8. who

9. life 10. days

5 Identify and correct the mistakes in each of the sentences.

答案

1. When Mandela no longer had to do manual labour, he started a garden in the yard.

2. Medals enjoyed working in his garden because gardening offered him a sense of satisfaction in prison.

3. He wants to pursue a career in journalism after graduation from college.

4. They refused to discuss the matter in public.

5. Neither his parents nor his friends thought he would become a writer.

6. When he learned that he had been admitted by Tsinghua University, he could hardly wait to tell his family the news.

7. We can meet either on campus or at my place.

8. I was so absorbed in the story that I did not realize it was getting dark.

9. I haven’t finished the book I’d borrowed from the library yet.

10. Is it possible to arrange for me to work as a volunteer for the Landon Olympics?

Unit 11

Key to the exercise

V ocabulary

5 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.答案

1 across, for, out 2. in search of 3. across/upon, out, from

4. for, to

5. upon, with

6. to

7. up, for, into

8. through, into 9. at, with, in, to

6. Translate the following sentences into English

答案

1. 我很好奇你后来是怎么决定学英语的。

I am quite curious how you come to decide to study English.

2. 一直到改革开放以后，人们才开始明白，市场并不是坏事。

It was not until the reform and opening-up started when people began to realize that the market was not a bad thing.

3. 那些将军、官员和学者都不知道如何称那头大象的重量，但是一个小孩突然想出一个主意。

None of those generals, officials and scholars knew how to weigh the elephant, but a young child suddenly came up with

a brilliant idea.

4. 那时候我们遇到的最大的困难是没有粮食，所以从未有过减肥的想法。

The biggest difficulty we came across / up against was lack of food. Therefore it never came to our mind that one day we might have to live on a diet.

5. 我从来没有听说过这个说法。你是在哪里碰到的？

I have never heard of this expression. Where did you come across it?

6. 这座庙的油漆已经开始剥落，该重新刷一下了。

The paint of the temple is coming off. It needs repainting.

7. 这里的水不深，只到一般人的胸口。他们很容易从这里过河来。

The water here was not deep. It only came to an ordinary man’s chest. So they could easily come across the river here.

8. 大门突然开了，跳出来一条狗。它开始冲我吼叫，直到它主人出来才安静下来。

The door opened suddenly and out jumped a dog. It started barking at me and didn’t quiet down until its master came out.

9. 那片美丽的草地不见了，一个大饭店取而代之。

Gone was the beautiful meadow, and in its place stood a big hotel.

10. 我们现在最紧迫的事情是保护那些被恐怖分子扣留的中国人的性命。

Our most urgent need is to protect the life of those Chinese who were kidnapped by the terrorists.

Grammar

2 Rewrite the sentence by inverting the subject and main verb.答案

1. Along a wall of the study stood three floor-length bookcases.

2. It was midnight, but now and then, from the distance, came bangs of firecrackers.

3. In a corner of the park lies the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.

4. Present at his 90th birthday party were people from all walks of life, along with over a hundred former students.

5. Gone are the days when the big powers could order other countries about.

3 Translate the following sentence using when/ before or inversion

答案：

1. It was a couple of days before the children recovered from the horror of the road accident.

2. It was revising my essay on computer and was about to finish when the screen went blank due to power failure.

3. The school is located at the foot of a hill. Beyond the hill lies a large stretch of rice fields.

4. It won’t be long before Jim begins to regret having lost a friend like you.

5. “It’s pleasant to touch the land,”whispered the farmer.

6. The family had just put their winter clothes away when the area was hit by a snowstorm.

7. In the center of the Tian’anmen Square stands the Monument to the People’s Heroes.

8. It wasn’t long before a number of economists realized the world would soon be face with a serious global financial crisis.

9. They were leaving for Thailand when they were told the trip had been cancelled.

10. Gone are the days when China could not make big planes on its own.

4 Fill each blank of the passage with ONE suitable word.

答案

1. social

2. typical

3. have 4 depending 5. life

6. cubs

7. that

8. trained

9. on 10 such

5 Identify and correct the mistakes in each of the sentences.

答案

1. The miners demanded that the accident be looked into.

2. I was reading China Daily on the Internet when the light went out.

3. We hurried to the stadium only to be told (that) the football game had been cancelled.

4. It might be years before you can work your way up to the head of the department.

5. The passengers had just fastened their seat belt when the plane began dipping wildly.

6. It was quite some time before the boy could see everything around him clearly.

7. On by training hard can an athlete hope to break a world record.

8. In front of the bookshelves stood a desk on which pens and pieces of paper lay about.

9. Where have you been? I’ve been looking for you the whole morning.

10. In the 21st century, the computer is / computers are playing a more and more important role in our everyday life.

Unit 12

Key to the exercise

V ocabulary

4. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word in the brackets.

答案：

1. simplified

2. authorized, organize

3. normalization

4. industrialization, urbanized

5. modernization, classified

6. legalized, justified, civilized

7. intensify, unification

8. nationalized 9. notified, computerized 10. globalization, idealized

3. Complete the following sentences

答案：

1. a. success / luck b. I had more time

c. I were ten years younger

2. a. everybody is here b. are college students

c. we have become one of the world’s largest economies

3. a. we put environmental protection before GDP

b. gave more attention to critical thinking

4. a. the grammar exercises

b. helping you with

c. help us with

5. a. what the book says is always correct

b. take it for granted

c. take it for granted

6. a. say b. plan my time c. kiss/ thank, criticize

7. a. like fish b. did go c. did smoke

4. Rewrite the following sentences, replacing the parts in bold type with words and expressions from the text.

答案：

1. strange

2. to be bursting with

3. the habit of…clung to him still, slipping into, check

4. can’t take anything for granted, take it for granted that we will be able

5. Come to think of it

6. But come to think of it / But now that I think about it

7. Now that people all seem to have more money than before, I do hate, nowadays

8. manage to (dig), Come to think of it

9. but now that I am, will slip back easily in time

5. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.答案：

1. in, in

2. of, of, instead of

3.with, to, as

4. to, as

5. Unlike, for

6. in, off, of/about/with

7. as, to, up 8. in with

6 Translate the following sentences into English

答案：

1. 你是怎样将身体保养得这么好？说起来，我还从来不知道你生过病。你的秘密法宝是什么？

How do you manage to keep fit? Come to think of it, I have never known you to be sick. What’s your secret?

2. 我小时候一直讨厌做家务。我甚至理所当然地认为这是女人做的事情。现在我真为自己以前的态度后悔。

I always hated to do household chores when I was a boy, taking it for granted that they were only for women. Looking back, I really feel sorry for my past attitude.

3. 他的大房子包括两座分开的建筑，分别设计成不同的风格，中间有个暗道连接起来。

His big house contains two separate buildings designed in different styles and connected with / by a secret passage.

4. 年轻人总希望有更多的权利和财富，老年人则希望他们能年轻三十岁。那样，他们就会成为世界上最幸福的人。

但对于我，我的幸福是不需要条件的。

Young people always wish they had more power and money, whereas old people always wish they were thirty years younger. Then they would all become the happiest people on earth. As for me, I am happy unconditionally.

5. 前些日子我无意中听到几个外国人在评论我们有些同胞在国外旅游时的不良举止，我很难为情。我觉得我们有些坏习惯真要改改了。

The other day I overheard some foreigners talking about how some of our people behaved while they were traveling overseas. They made me so ashamed. I think we really have to change some of our habits.

6. 现在我们的公交系统有了如此大的改进，私家车实在不值得买了。

Now that our public transportation system has improved so much, private cars are really not worth buying.

7. 现在你很少看到年轻人在街上游荡，人们都是行色匆匆。但有时候我真希望我们能放慢一点速度。Nowadays you seldom see young people loitering in the streets. People always seem to be in a hurry. Sometimes I do hope we can slow down a little bit.

7. Fill in the blanks with the correct form or the words given below.

答案：

1. worth

2. worthwhile

3. worthy

4. worth

5. now/nowadays

6. now

7. nowadays

8. look 9.gaze 10. staring 11. glanced 12. glanced

13. hay 14. wild herbs to eat 15. grass 16. weeds

17. received, accepted 18. will accept 19. received

20. lovely, beloved/loving 21. beloved 22. loving

23. cry/ weep 24. crying 25. sobbing

Grammar

2. Complete the sentence using the proper conjunction from the box below.

答案：

1. as if/ as though

2. before

3. as long as

4. even though

5. Even if

6. now that

7. as long as

8. as if/ though

9. Even though 10. Now that

3. Translate the following sentences into English

答案：

1. I love autumn—it’s a season of harvest.

2. I didn’t recognize my best friend at high school until he removed his sun glasses.

3. It takes courage to ask what others regard as “stupid”questions.

4. The children looked as if they hadn’t had a wink of /any sleep last night.

5. It must be exciting to report on / cover such sports events as the Olympic Games and the World Cup.

6. My house guest behaves as if she were the owner of the house.

7. Even if the country is gradually recovering from the financial crisis, it may be some time before its economy gets back on its feet.

8. “As long as I’m in charge,”said the president of the university, “I will make sure no one drops out because they can’t pay tuition any more.”

9. Now that they have a new Minister of Education, they hope to see some change in their education system.

10. It was a brilliant /sunny summer morning in 1945. At exactly 8:15, a B-29 bomber dropped an atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima, killing tens of thousands of people.

4. Fill in each blank of passage with ONE suitable word.

答案：

1. smoke 2 what 3 teach 4 control 5 complaints

6 group

7 at

8 could

9 shared 10 more

5. Identify and correct mistakes in each of the sentences

答案：

1. At about three o’clock, the boy went to the barn and did the milking all by himself.

2. Up until now there are still people who cling to the idea that men are superior to women.

3. I think I locked the doors and closed the windows, but I’ll just go and make sure of them. ( or: …make sure I did.)

4. It suddenly occurred to me that I had left my bike key in the classroom.

5. Every one of us must arrive before 8 pm without exception.

6. It’s important for young people to learn how to survive in the wild.

7. It’s time our school upgraded its computer program.

8. Robert woke up twenty times for fear that he would oversleep.

9. Upon graduation, he was bursting with gratitude to the university for a first-class education he had received there.

10. The teacher could hardly believe a student who grew up in a mountain village had never seen a computer before he came to college.

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U n i t 1 Baptist counsel encyclopedia agenda attitudinal contribute crisis endeavor ethical ethnic masculine resentment evaluate feminine adulthood option perceive project excessive functional genetic inherit interaction peer process stressful endowment ethnic adolescence affirm approval unquestionably heighten inhibition internalize newscast

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encyclopedia 百科全书endeavor 尝试endowment 天赋 ethical 道德的ethnic evaluate 估算，评估excessive 过分的，极度的feminine 女性的 financial 财政的 functional 职务的 genetic 基因的 guilt 内疚 heighten 提高 inherit 遗传，继承inhibition 压抑的情绪interact 交流 interaction 合作 involve （成功的）必要条件journal 期刊 masculine 男性的 maturity 成熟 mistrust 不信任

newscast 新闻广播parental 父母的 peer 同龄人 perceive 理解 position 工作 prejudiced 偏见 project 规划 rebel 抗议 relate 理解，同情某人resentment 怨恨 role 职责 seminary 学院的separation 分开 sexual 2性的 shrink 缩水 stressful 有压力的superior 优秀的theological 神学的unquestionably 毫无疑问的lesson2

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