主动语态变被动语态的方法

主动语态变被动语态的方法

1. 基本方法

将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，将主动谓语变为被动谓语（be+过去

分词），将主动语态的主语变为by短语（在被动句中用作状语）:

He stole our money. —Our money was stolen by him.

【注】（1）若不强调动词执行者，被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略：

The house was built in 1978.这座房子是1978 年建的。

（2）在转变语态时，要注意保持两种语态时态的一致性：

The students will study the problem.

—The problem will be studied by the students.

A friend of ours is repairing the roof.

—The roof is being repaired by a friend of ours.

2. 双宾动词的被动语态

双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词，它们在变为被动语态时，有以下两种情形值得注意：

（1）有些双宾动词（如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach,

tell等）在变为被动语态时，既可把间接宾语（指人）变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语（指事物）保留下来（称为保留宾语），也可把直接宾语（指事物）变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to或for引起的状语（到底用to还是for,与所搭配的动词有关）。比较：

He gave her some mon ey. 他给她一些钱。

—She was given some money. / Some money was given to him.

He bought her a watch.他给她买了一快表。

— A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch.

（2）有些双宾动词（如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, si ng, write 等）通常用直接宾语（指事物）作被动语态的主语，而将间接宾语用作保留宾语（其前根据情况用介词to或for）:

Father made me a doll. —A doll was made for me.

He wrote her a letter. —A letter was written to her.

（3）有些双宾动词（如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等）通常用间接宾语（指人）作被动语态的主语，而将直接宾语用作保留宾语：He answered me that question. —I was answered that question by him.

3. 含有情态动词的被动形式

若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词，在相应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词，其结构为情态动词+be(或be的适当时态形式)+过去分词”：

Every one must know this. —This must be known by every one.

请看以下带情态动词被动句实例：

This can' be done in a short time.这不是短期内可以完成的。

She may have been sent to work elsewhere.她可能被派到别处工作去了。

The door must have been locked by my wife. 门一定是我妻子锁的。

The en vir onment should be improved.环境应当改善。

The second point needn' be discussed today.第二点今天不必讨论。

8种常用时态的被动语态

由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。

⑴一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词。如：

Rice is grown in south China.华南种植水稻。

(2) —般过去时：was/were+过去分词。如：

The glass was broke n yesterday.这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。

(3) 现在进行时：am/is/are being +过去分词。如：

The project is being carried out.这个计戈U正在执行中。

(4) 过去进行时：was/were/being +过去分词。如：

This road was being built this time last year.这条路去年这个时候还在修建。

(5) 一般将来时：will be +过去分词。如：

The cars will be sent abroad by sea.这些汽车将由水路运往国外。

(6) 过去将来时：would be +过去分词。如：

The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。

(7) 现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词。如：

This novel has been translated into several Ianguages.这本小说已被译成了几种语言。

(8) 过去完在时：had been +过去分词。如:

When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.

我到达剧院时，发现票已卖完了。

使用被动语态“六注意”

一要注意被动语态的不同时态

被动语态由“ be+过去分词”，其中的助动词be根据情况可使用各种不同时态。如：

She is respected by everyone.她受到大家的尊重。（一般现在时）

The book will be reprinted soon.这本书很快会重印。（一般将来时）

The road is being repaired.路正在修整。（现在进行时）

They have been given a warning.他们受至U警告。（现在完成时）

二要注意带情态动词的被动语态

该结构的基本形式为“情态动词+be（或be的适当形式）+过去分词”。这类结构非常有可能作为语境题出现在考卷中。如：

The rules must be obeyed.这些规章制度必须遵守。

They shouldn ' htave been told about it.这事是不应当告诉他们的。

三要注意非谓语动词的被动语态

1. 不定式一般式的被动语态。由“ to be+过去分词”构成。如：

She asked to be given some work to do.她要求给她一些工作做。

He was the last person to be asked to speak.他是最后被邀请发言的人。

2. 不定式完成式的被动语态。由“ to have been+过去分词”构成。如：

I should like to have been told the result earlier.我本想让人把结果早点告诉我的。

3. 现在分词一般式的被动语态。由“ being+过去分词”构成。如：

I saw him being taken away.我看见有人把他带走了。

Being protected by a wall, he felt quite safe.有墙作保护，他感到很安全。

4. 现在分词完成式的被动语态。由“ having been+过去分词”构成。如：

Having been invited to speak, I ' lstart making preparations tomorrow. 因为邀请我去讲话，我明天就得做准备。

The subject having been opened, he had to go on with it. 话题已经开始了，他不得不谈下去。

5. 动名词一般式的被动语态。由“ being+过去分词”构成。如：

She likes being looked at.她喜欢被人瞧。

He hates being made a fool of.他讨厌被别人愚弄。

This question is far from being settled.这个问题远没解决。

6. 动名词完成式的被动语态。由“ having been+过去分词”构成。如：

Jenny' not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret.杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业训练是她感到遗憾的事。

After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire conf idence.在接到把车开出城的指令后，我开始信心十足了。

注：过去分词没有被动式，因为它本身可以表示被动意义。如：

The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。

四要注意“ get+过去分词”构成的被动语态

英语被动语态通常由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，有时也可用“ get+过去分词”构成。如：

James got beate n last ni ght.詹姆斯昨晚被打了。

How did that window get opened?那个窗户是如何打开的？

但总的说来，用get构成的被动语态不如用be构成的被动语态常见，尤其是在含有施动者的by短语时，用get构成被动语态更是少见。不过有时用be+过去分词构成被动语态构成误解时，人们可能会选get+过去分词来避免这种误解：

The window was broken.窗户破了（表状态）。/窗户被打破了（表动作）

The window got broken.窗户被打破了（表动作）

五要注意哪些动词不用于被动语态

1. 不及物动词没有被动语态。因为不及物动词没有宾语，所以若将其用于

被动语态则没有主语，故不能用于被动语态。但是值得注意的是，有些英语中的不及物动词，译成汉语时却可能是“及物”的，很容易出错，这类动词如：take place发生），happen发生），come about（发生），break out（爆发），appear 出现），dis appear 俏失），last（持续），arise（出现，发生）等：In flue nza usually breaks out in win ter.流感通常发生在冬季。

Use this money whe n the n eed arises.有需要时就使用这笔钱。

2. 英语中的静态动词（如have, lack, fit, hold, suit, resemble等）通常不用于

被动语态：

My shoes don' fit me.我的鞋不合适。

The young man lacks experie nee.这个年轻人缺乏经验。

六要注意两类被动句型的相互转换

英语中有一种主动句可以转换成两种被动句型，它们通常是一些表示客观说明的句子。如：

People believed that she is honest.大家相信她是诚实的。

It ' believed that she is honest.大家相信她是诚实的。

She is believed to be honest.大家相信她是诚实的。

比较上面两类被动句型可以发现，一类是“ it+be+过去分词+that从句”，另一类则是“主语+be+过去分词+不定式”（其中的“主语”为前一类句型中that 从句中的主语），通常可用于这两类被动句型的动词有assume, believe, expect, f ear, feel, know, presume, report, say, suppose, think, understand等，比较（同时注意其中时态和动词形式的变化）：

It ' know n that he was a good sin ger. / He is known to have bee n a goo d sin ger.大家知道他曾是位优秀的歌手。

It ' reported that he was driving fast. / He is reported to have been drivi ng fast.据说他当时车开得很快。

主动语态变被动语态的几个特例

主动语态变被动语态的几个特例 一、含有双宾语的句子变为被动语态时，多数将主动句中的间接宾语变为被动句的主语，直接宾语作保留宾语；也可将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语作保留宾语，但这时保留宾语前多加介词to或for。如：He gave me a new watch.→1) I was given a new watch. 2) A new watch was given to me. 二、含有复合宾语且宾语补足语是名词的句子变为被动语态时，只能将主动句中的宾语变为被动句中的主语，宾补不可变为主语。如：They call me Jim. →I am called Jim.(不可说：Jim is called me.) 三、主语为疑问词的疑问句变为被动语态时，用“By+疑问词（宾格）”置于句首。如： Who broke the glass? →By whom was the glass broken? 四、祈使句变为被动语态时，要改为“Let +原宾语+be+过去分词”。如：Close the window. →Let the window be closed. 五、带宾语从句的复合句变为被动语态时，多用it作形式主语置于句首，原宾语从句成为真正主语（从句），从句中也需用被动语态。如：People said that Lin Feng could take good care of the baby. → It was said that the baby could be taken good care of by Lin Feng. 六、含有谓语动词know的主动句变为被动语态时，不用by短语，需by改为to。如： We all know the scientist. →The scientist is known to us all. 七、no one、nobody等否定代词作主语的句子变为被动语态时，谓语

主动语态改被动语态的方法

主动语态改被动语态的方法 1）将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面： ①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语； ②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词”结构； ③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。 2）含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况： ①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位； ②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或for。如：He gave the boy an apple．→The boy was given an apple．（或An apple was given to the boy．）Her father bought her a present．→She was bought a present by her father．（或A present was bought for her by her father．） 3）不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。如：They watched the children sing that morning．→The children were watched to sing that morning． 4）带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。如：We call him Xiao Wang．→He is called Xiao Wang．He cut his hair short．→His hair was cut short．They told him to help me．→He was told to help me． 5）短语动词是不可分割的整体，改为被动语态时要保持其完整性，介词或副词不可遗漏。如：We must take good care of the young trees．→The young trees must be taken good care of． 6）含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面；也可采用另一种形式。可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know，say，believe，find，think，report等。如：People believe that he is ill．→It is believed that he is ill．（或：He is believed to be ill．） 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. I am asked to study hard. Knives are used for cutting things. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词

[精]主动语态变被动语态时所注意的问题

主动语态变被动语态时所注意的问题1. 把主动语态变为被动语态，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。 We have bought a new computer. A new computer has been bought. A new computer have been bought. （错误） 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说： A present was given to me yesterday. 注意：

1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词to，如：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 2.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词for, 如：build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us. (3) Some country music was played for us. 3. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：不及物动词+ 介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。 The patient is being operated on. T he problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.

主动语态变被动语态的方法

主动语态变被动语态的方法 1. 基本方法 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词)，将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语)： He stole our money.→Our money w as stolen by him. 【注】(1)若不强调动词执行者，被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略： The house was built in 1978. 这座房子是1978年建的。 (2)在转变语态时，要注意保持两种语态时态的一致性： The students will study the problem. →The problem will be studied by the students. A friend of ours is repairing the roof. →The roof is being repaired by a friend of ours. 2. 双宾动词的被动语态 双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词，它们在变为被动语态时，有以下两种情形值得注意： (1)有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等)在变为被动语态时，既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)，也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for，与所搭配的动词有关)。比较： He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。 → She was given some money. / Some money was given to him. He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。 → A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch. (2)有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语，而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for)： Father made me a doll. → A doll was made for me. He wrote her a letter. → A letter was written to her. (3)有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语，而将直接宾语用作保留宾语： He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him.

主动语态变被动语态专题练习

主动语态变被动语态专题练习 一、将下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态 1.Teachers must take good care of the student. 2. Was another man-made satellite sent up into the space by them last week. 3.People plant many trees on either side of the street each year. 4.Li Lei mended the bike. 5. A famous American writer wrote the book Red Star Over China years ago. 6.Two years ago we used that machine to make shoes for children. 7. Ken is often heard to apologize to his teacher. 8.People there didn’t plant any trees last year. 9. We call him David. 10.We will plant some trees in the garden this year. 11. Do young people usually listen to pop music? 12.We should help the disabled people. 13. Jenny showed me the picture. 14.My mother gave me a dictionary as a birthday present.

(完整版)主动语态变被动语态的几种类型

主动语态变被动语态的几种类型 一、含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构 有些动词，如give，tell，buy等，在句中作谓语时可有两个宾语，又称双宾语，即“间接宾语+直接宾语”结构形式。含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，可以将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。一般是主动结构的间接宾语变为被动结构的主语。如果直接宾语变为被动结构的主语，间接宾语之前应加介词to（可省去）或for（一般不可省）。如： 1 . My mother gave me a pen.~I was given a pen by my mother.或：A pen was given (to) me by my mother.（介词to 可省略） 2 .He told her a long story.~She was told a long story.或：A long story was told (to) her.（介词to可省略） 3.Father bought me a new coat.~I was bought a new coat.或：A new coat was bought for me.（介词for不可省略）注意：被动句中强调间接宾语时，其前的介词to 不可省去。如： This apple is given to me, not to you.这个苹果是给我的，而不是给你的。 二、含复合宾语的主动结构变为被动结构 复合宾语指的是“宾语+宾语补足语（简称宾补）”这一结构形式。含复合宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，只将主动结构中的宾

语变为被动结构的主语，宾语补足语保留不动。可充当宾语补足语的有名词、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、介词短语等等。如： 1.They call her Xiao Li.(主动结构，宾补为名词Xiao Li )~She is called Xiao LI.(被动结构) 2.They chose Tom monitor.（主动结构，宾补为名词monitor）~Tom was chosen monitor.（被动结构） 3.He told me to wait for you.（主动结构，宾补为不定式短语to wait for you）~I was told to wait for you.（被动语态） 4.I found him lying on the floor.（主动结构，宾补为现在分词短语lying on the floor)~He was found lying on the floor.（被动结构） 注意：在主动语态的句子中，谓语动词make的宾语补足语如果由动词不定式充当，则该动词不定式不带to。感官动词see，hear，watch等，也有这种用法。但当谓语动词是let时，其被动结构后的不定式仍不带to。例如： They made him go.（主动结构，宾补为不带to的不定式go)~He was made to go.（被动语态） They let John go.（主动结构）~John was let go.（被动结构） 三、含情态动词的主动结构变为被动结构

初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案

被动语态 语态概述英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。女口: Many people speak English.谓语：speak 的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，女口：“他的自行车被偷了。”，再如：English is spoken by many people.主语English 是动词speak的承受者。 判断：看下面的两个例句，你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？ He ope ned the doo他开了门。( ____________ ) The door was ope ned'.l 被开了。 ( ____________ ) 二、被动语态的构成：be动词+Vp.p 被动特点强调宾，用be加上过去分。行为对象作主语，逻辑主语by来引。 1. English is ___________ (speak in Canada. 2. The blouse is ___________ (make) of silk. 3. English is ___________ (speak by many people. 谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了。 1. Some stamps were _________ (steal) last week. 2. The PRC was __________ (found) on October 1, 1949. 3. Football is __________ (play) in most middle schools. 被动语态须留意，P.P前面助动be. be + P.P am (is,are) 现在时，am (is,are) +P.P was和were 表过去。was (were) +P.P 完成have (has) been。have (has) been+P.P 将来，情态，be原形。will (can,may,mus) be+P.P 进行时态两个be,前表时态后加ing。am (is,are) +being+P.P 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。凡是汉语中带“被”的句子，都能转换成英语的被动语态。三?几种常用时态的被动语态—— 1. 一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词 肯定句：Bikes are __________ (sell) in that shop. 否定句：Bikes are not sold in that shop. 疑问句：Are bikes sold in that shop? Yes, they are. / No, they aren't. 2. —般过去时：was/were+过去分词 肯定句：He was __________ （save）in 1999.

主动语态与被动语态

主动语态与被动语态● 一.概念:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 ●二.被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 ●三.被动语态的时态:以为work 例: ●1. 一般现在时: am / is/are+ worked ●2. 一般过去时: was / were+ worked●3. 一般将来时: shall / will +be+ worked ●4. 过去将来时: should / would+ worked ●5. 现在进行时: am /is/are+ being+ worked ●6. 过去进行时: was /were+ being+ worked 7. 过去进行时: was/were +being +worked 8. 现在完成时: have/has+ been+ worked 9. 过去完成时: had +been+ worked 10. 将来完成时: shall/ will +have been +worked 11. 过去将来完成时: should/would +have been+ worked 12. 情态动词(can/may/must/should etc.)+be+动词的过去分词 ●四.用法： ●当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。

五. 方法： ●Many people speak English.(主动语态) ●English is spoken by many people.（被动语态） 六.注意以下问题： ● A.带有双宾语的动词变为被动语态时，可以把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语(sth.)变为主语，须根据习惯在原间接宾语前加上介词to或for 用to的常见词有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, take, bring etc. 用for的常见词有：make, choose, sing, play, draw, save, buy, get, leave, cook etc. ●eg. ●1. Mary gave him some books. ●He was given some books by Mary. ●Some books were given to him by Mary. ●2. Her father bought her a new bike. ●She was bought a new bike by her father. ● A new bike was bought for her by her father. ●B.带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语不可变为主语。

初中英语主动语态变被动语态练习题及答案

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初中英语主动语态变被动语态练习题及答案

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主动语态变被动语态专项练习

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don’t make cars in this factory. she wash the clothes? 一般过去时的被动语态：was/were + V过去分词 built the Great Wall long ago. years ago we used the machines to make shoes for children. watched a match on TV. washed the car yesterday. teacher asked the student to bring some photos. sent a postcard to me yesterday. boys didn’t do their homework. you clean the room last night? 一般将来时的被动语态：is/am/are going to + be

主动语态变被动语态专项练习A4

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7. They don ' t make cars in this factory. 8. Does she wash the clothes? 一般过去时的被动语 态：was/were + V 过去分词 1. People built the Great Wall long ago. 2. Two years ago we used the machines to make shoes for children. 3. They watched a match on TV. 4. He washed the car yesterday. 5. The teacher asked the student to bring some photos. 6.She sent a postcard to me yesterday. 7. The boys didn 't do their homework. 8. Did you clean the room last night? 一般将来时的被动语态：is/am/are going to + be + V

如何把主动语态变为被动语态

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主动语态变被动语态专项练习

主动语态变被动语态： 1、The teacher told the students a story. 2、Lucy invited me. 3、Lucy didn’t invite me to the party. 4、People shouldn’t build more buildings. 5、The firefighters have put out the fire. 6、We often lock the door when we leave home. 7、My mother always washes a lot of clothes on Saturday morning. 8、Who broke the cup? 9、We handed in our papers after the examination. 10、Did he fool his good friend? 11、He didn’t finish the test. 12、He will make a cake this afternoon. 13、Works make cars in Shanghai. 14、Farmers grow rice in the south of China. 15、I saw him go out. 16、The teacher noticed the boy fall asleep. 17、Who wrote the book? 18、The policeman caught the thief. 19、His mother told him not to waste time on fishing. 20、Father gave me a toy at Christmas. 21、They named the child Tom. 22、This factory produces machine tools. 23、They should do it at once. 24、Can his father help him fix up the bike? 25、When does he set the alarm clock? 被动语态变主动语态： 1.This song is often sung by us. 2. His leg was broken in the match by him. 3. Her house will be sold soon by her. 4. The machine is being repaired by him. 5. His work has been finished . 6. He is called Lao Wang. 7. Something must be done to help her by us. 8. What was said by the headmaster at the meeting? 9. I was given some old magazines by my teacher. 10. I was told to wait at the gate by my classmate.

主动语态变被动语态记忆口诀

主动语态变被动语态记忆口诀 一般情况要熟记， “be+过去分词”常用起， 过去现在只变be, 将来时态更易记， 前面用上will/would 即， 情态动词大家族， 写在其前就完毕， 完成时态不难记， have/had been + 过去分词， 进行时态要留意， be being + 过去分词， 特殊情况要心细， 感官、使役to 提起， 一般现、过用be done，be有人称、时、数变。 完成时态have done，被动将been加中间。 一般将来shall (will) do，被动变do为be done。 将来进行无被动，shall (will) be doing, 现在完成进行同，have (has) been doing。 现、过进行be doing, 被动be加being done。 情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。 否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。 主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。

一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。 复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。 第二句"be有人称、时、数变"即be有人称、时态和单、复数的变化。"情助"是指情态动词和助动词must，may，can，shall，will等一律随新主语(多是主动句中的宾语)来变化。"疑问一助置主前"是说有两个助动词的话，应把主语放在第一助动词之后或把第一助动词置于主语之前。下面详细举例说明之。 一般现、过用be done, be有人称、时、数变 例：1、主动：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 被动：The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children. 孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。 2、主动：People regard him as brilliant. 被动：He is regarded as brilliant by people. 人们认为他很有才华。 以上两例都是一般时态用be done的例子，be有人称、时、数变，第三人称foreign friends 是复数，时态一般过去时，所以"be done"就是were given，而People regard him as brilliant一句，被动后的"be done"就变成单数第三人称is regarded的形式了。 被动： This speech was delivered by comrade Wang. (was delivered即一般过去时的被动态) 这篇讲演是王的发言。 There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured. 边境发生严重列车事故，二人死亡，十二人受伤。 A person who is truly honest is called a straight arrow. 直言不讳的人才是真正诚实的人。

英语的主动语态与被动语态

主动语态变与被动语态 一、主动语态变为被动语态的方法 1.简单句的主动语态变被动语态 (1) 通常的办法是：将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语，将主动结构中的谓语动词变为“be / get +过去分词”形式，将主动结构中的主语变为介词by的宾语(若动作的执行者没有必要说明则可以省略该by短语)。如： Li Lei planted the tree last year. →The tree was planted by Li Lei last year. 这棵树是李蕾去年栽的。 Workers made the machines in Changsha. →The machines were made in Changsha. 这些机器是长沙造的。 (2) 将含有复合宾语的句子变为被动语态时，应将宾语变为被动结构的主语，而宾语的补足语则留在原处成为主语补足语。如： He painted the door green yesterday. →The door was painted green yesterday. 昨天门被漆成绿色了。 注意：表示“使、让”的动词make, have等，以及感官动词see, watch, observe, feel, hear, listen to, look at等，在主动语态中，接不定式做宾语补足语时，不定式前的to 要省略，而变为被动语态时，成为主语补足语的不定式，则必须带to。如： I saw him go into the teachers’office. →He was seen to go into the teachers’office. 看见他进入了教师办公室。 (3) 带双宾语的句子变为被动语态时，既可将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，而在间接宾语前加to 或for留在动词之后；也可将间接宾语变为被动结构的主语，而直接宾语留在动词之后。但一般采用后一种用法。如(from https://www.sodocs.net/doc/5c9968148.html,)： He gave me the pen last year. →I was given the pen last year. / The pen was given to me last year. 这支笔是去年给我的。 【说明】一般说来，间接宾语前带to的动词有：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, post, send, show, take, teach, tell, write, throw等；间接宾语前带for的动词有：book, buy, call, cook, do, get, make, save等(from https://www.sodocs.net/doc/5c9968148.html,)。 (4) 动词believe, consider, declare, expect, know, report, say, suppose, think等的被动语态，常有两种结构形式。如： He was said to get hurt in the car accident. 人们说他在车祸中受伤了。 It was said that he got hurt in the car accident. 人们说他在车祸中受伤了。 (5) 短语动词变被动语态时，短语动词后面的介词或副词不能省略。如： She has never been operated on before. 她从未动过手术。 The baby was looked after by her sister. 这婴儿由她的姐姐照顾。 His plan was laughed at by everyone. 他的计划大家都嘲笑。 2.复合句的主动语态变被动语态 复合句的主动语态变被动语态时，复合句中的主句和从句都须同时变为被动语态。如：Li Lei told us that the teacher praised him today. →We were told that Li Lei was praised by the teacher today. 有人告诉我们说今天李蕾受到了老师的表扬 二、用主动形式表被动含义 1.某些系动词，如feel, look, seem, appear, taste, sound, smell, prove, remain等用主动形式表示被动意义；主语通常是事物，且表示该事物本身具有某一固有特征。如：The material feels very soft. 这种料子摸起来很柔软。