英语四级翻译难点及解题技巧 (1)

英语四级翻译难点及解题技巧

一、四级核心词组：

例如have difficulty/trouble (in) doing something(做某事有困难)已经考过三次，需要注意的是，in可以省略，后面要使用动词的动名词形式。

1)2006年6月87题：Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble (找到去历史博物馆的路).

解析：答案为(in) finding the way to the Museum of History，“历史博物馆”最好译为“the Museum of History”，专有名词注意大小写。

2)2009年6月87题：Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had (很难跟上班里的同学)in math and English.

解析：答案为difficulty in catching up with his classmates，此题也考察了catch up with(跟上)这一四级核心词组。

3)2010年6月87题：Because of noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty (集中注意力在实验上).

解析：答案为(in) focusing/concentrating on her experiment，此题亦考察focus/concentrate on(集中注意力)这一四级核心词组。

二、倒装句：考过三次，需要注意的前半句与后半句时态

应前后呼应。

1)大纲样题88题：Not only (他向我收费过高), but he didn’t do a good repair job either.

解析：答案为did he charge me too much/overcharge me，本句后半句使用了一般过去时，前半句也应使用一般过去时，not only放在句首引导倒装句。“收费过多”可译为overcharge me 或charge me too much.。

2)2008年6月91题：(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill.

解析：答案为Not until he had accomplished his mission，此

题后半句使用一般过去时，前半句动作发生在后半句之前，应使用过去完成时。Not until放在句首引导倒装句，“完成使命”应译为accomplish the mission。

3)2010年6月88题：The manager never laughed; neither (她也从来没有发过脾气).

解析：答案为did she lose her temper，前半句使用一般过去时，后半句也应使用一般过去时。“发脾气”应译为lose one’s temper，neither放在句首引导倒装句。

三、被动语态：考过六次

1)2006年6月91题：Though a skilled worker,(他被公司解雇了)last week because of the economic crisis.

解析：答案为he was fired by the company，需要注意的是，本句应使用一般过去时。

2)2007年12月91题：Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life (是用他们能够借到多少来衡量), not how much they can earn.

解析：答案为is measured by how much they can borrow，“用···来衡量”应译为is measuered by;by后面接how much引导的宾语从句。

3)2008年6月87题：Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research (能应用于新技术的开发)

解析：答案为can be applied to the development of new technology，“应用于”应译为be applied to。

4)2008年12月91题：The anti-virus agent was not known (直到一名医生偶然发现了他).

解析：答案为until it was accidently found by a doctor，本句使用被动语态更加地道，“偶然”可译为accidentally或by accident。

5)2009年6月91题：The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is (与缺乏锻炼密切相关).

解析：答案为closely related to the lack of

exercise，“与······密切相关”应译为be closely related to;“缺乏锻炼”译为the lack of exercise。

6)2010年6月89题：We look forward to (被邀请出席开幕式).

解析：答案为being invited to attend the opening ceremony。本句前半句出现了look forward to，此处的to为介词，后面应使用动名词形式;“被邀请”应译为be invited to;“出席”应译为attend;“开幕式”译为opening ceremony。

四、虚拟语气：考过五次。最常考的考点有两个：一是require或suggest等动词+that引导的建议句型，后面应使用should+动词原形，should可以省略;二是从句使用if引导的过去完成时，主句使用would+现在完成时。

1)2006年6月89题：The professor required that(我们交研究报告)by Wednesday.

解析：答案为we hand in our research report (s)。前半句使用requeire+that引导的建议句型，属于虚拟语气的一种。后半句应使用should+动词原形，should可以省略。“研究报告”使

用单复数均可。

2)2006年12月89题：The victim (本来有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time.

解析：答案为would have had a chance to survive/of survival。后半句是条件状语从句，使用了过去完成时，前半句主句应使用would+现在完成时。“活下来”可译为to survive 或of survival作后置定语。

3)2009年6月88题：If he had returned an hour earlier, Mary (就不会被大雨淋了).

解析：答案为wouldn’t have been caught by the heavy rain。前半句是条件状语从句，使用了过去完成时，后半句主句应使用would+现在完成时。“大雨”应译为heavy rain。采集者退散

4)2009年12月87题：You would not have failed if you (按照我的指令去做).

解析：答案为had followed my instructions。前半句主句出

现了would+现在完成时，后半句条件状语从句应使用过去完成时。“按照”应译为follow;“指令”译为instruction。

5)2010年6月90题：It is suggested that the air conditioner (要安装在窗户旁边).

解析：答案为(should) be fixed/installed beside the window。前半句使用了it is suggested that引导的建议句型，属于特殊虚拟语气的一种，后半句应使用should+动词原形。“安装”应译为fix或install;“在窗户旁边”译为beside the window。

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