大学英语阅读理解专项练习

大学英语阅读理解专项练习

Test1

Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D.

Text1

An increasing number of scientists have found that anything that gives you pleasure may be more than just fun. Pleasure and humor might help us live longer, fight off illness, and cure drug addiction. "Science has generally neglected pleasure and humor to concentrate on negative things like depression and illness," said Dr. William Fry, a psychiatry professor at Stanford University Medical Center in California. "But there's a growing realization of just how powerful pleasure is."

For example, research shows that smiling and laughing can actually strengthen your immune system, reduce stress and physical pain, and even help cancer patients. One research project at Loam Linda University showed these beneficial effects of laughter on the body. In the study, ten medical students were hooked up to several machines and spent an hour watching a funny videotape of a man smashing watermelons with a hammer.

Researchers were not trying to prove that smashing watermelons is a funny thing to do. They already knew that the volunteers would probably howl with laughter. What the researchers wanted to find out was how grinning, chuckling, and howling affected the volunteers as they watched the video.

The researchers were delighted to discover that small but important changes were taking place in the volunteers' bloodstream as they giggled or roared with laughter. Their blood showed increased production of white blood cells (the blood cells that defend us against infection and disease). At the same time, a decrease was noticed in the levels of chemicals that stop the immune system from working properly.

Studies such as this seem to show that you should laugh, chortle, and howl as much as possible! You will increase your chances of living a long, healthy life, That's what one researcher means when he says, "He who laughs, lasts. For years we've thought that laughter and other forms of pleasure were good for you. Now it's a physiological reality.'

1. According to the text pleasure and humor might _______.

〖A〗cure cancer

〖B〗cure infectious diseases

〖C〗help people concentrate

〖D〗help people quit smoking

2. In Dr. William Fry's opinion scientists ______ .

〖A〗have paid enough attention to the effect of laughter

〖B〗have neglected depression and illness

〖C〗have preferred pleasure and humor to depression and illness

〖D〗have realized the importance of pleasure in people's lives

3. Laughter helps to fight off illness because _______.

〖A〗it increases blood flow in human body

〖B〗it helps the production of blood cells

〖C〗it can strengthen the immune system and reduces physical pain

〖D〗it can reduce chemicals in human blood

4. In the text the researchers were trying to find out ___.

〖A〗how the ten students would laugh

〖B〗why the ten students laughed

〖C〗how laugh would affect the students

〖D〗why smashing watermelons was funny

5. The best title for the text would be ________.

〖A〗Laughter-A Powerful Medicine

〖B〗Laughter-An Illness Killer

〖C〗Laugh and Live Long

〖D〗A Psychological Reality

Text2

Thomas Alva Edison, the American inventor, was born in 1847. Even as a child , he was always curious and always trying to invent new things. He was not a good student in school, but by the time he was a teenager, he had already had several jobs: store owner, telegraph operator, and inventor. He also had done lots of chemistry experiments on his own.

However, what Edison really wanted to do was research. He established his first laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey, and later he set up another one in West Orange, New Jersey. In these laboratories, he enjoyed trying to come up with solutions to problems that no one else had been able to solve.

One of his most exciting and difficult challenges was to create the electric light bulb. Today, it's very simple and easy to produce thousands of light bulbs a day. But Edison and his assistants had to work night and day to come up with just the right materials to make the first working light bulb. They tried over a thousand times to put together the right metals to create an electric bulb that would work for more than just a few seconds.

Once Edison had created this first working electric light, he came up with a way to produce light bulbs in quantity. His dream was to light up all of New York City. With this goal in mind,

he constructed the world's first commercial electric power plant on Pearl Street in New York City.

It wasn't long before several other businessmen set up their own electric companies joined together and organized a few large companies that mass-produced all electrical equipment according to the same standards. The outcome of all this was that Edison lost control of the companies he had originally set up. This didn't stop him, however. He continued inventing things. In fact, he went on to invent the phonograph (or record player) and he improved techniques used in the making of the first motion pictures.

When Edison died in 1931, he wasn't as rich as he could have been, but he was very famous. Many people were inspired by his story.

6. According to the text Edison was the first to ________.

〖A〗discover electricity

〖B〗invent light bulb

〖C〗combine all the electric companies

〖D〗light up New York

7. The last paragraph implies that Edison _______.

〖A〗was not successful as a businessman

〖B〗did not create enough inventions

〖C〗could not compete with other electric companies

〖D〗wasted a lot of money

8. Edison became a famous inventor although ________.

〖A〗he failed in business

〖B〗he was not rich

〖C〗he lost control of the company he set up

〖D〗he was not a good student in school

9. Electric companies were joined together because ________.

〖A〗their standards were different

〖B〗those companies wanted to be more competitive

〖C〗there was the need to unify electric standards

〖D〗Edison could not control his company

10. The following are inventions of Edison's except ________.

〖A〗electricity equipment

〖B〗light bulb

〖C〗record player

〖D〗motion picture

Text3

Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, summed up the four chief qualities of money some 2,000 years ago. It must be lasting and easy to recognize, to divide, and to carry about. In other words

it must be, "durable, distinct, divisible and portable". When we think of money today, we picture it either as round, flat pieces of metal which we call coins, or as printed paper notes. But there are still parts of the world today where coins and notes are of no use. They will buy nothing, and a traveler might starve if he had none of the particular local "money" to exchange for food.

Among isolated peoples, who are not often reached by traders from outside, commerce usually means barter. There is a direct exchange of goods. For this kind of simple trading, money is not needed, but there is often something that everyone wants and everybody can use, such as salt to flavor food, shells for ornaments, or iron and copper to make into tools and vessels. These things-salt, shells or metals-are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today.

Salt may seem rather a strange substance to use as money, but in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an absolute necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their value, were used as money in Tibet until recent times, and cakes of salt will still buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.

Metal, valued by weight, preceded coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries instead of money. It can either be exchanged for goods, or made into tools, weapons or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shell, was of bronze, often in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called "cash". The earliest of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old-older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.

Nowadays, coins and notes have supplanted nearly all the more picturesque forms of money, and although in one or two of the more remote countries people still hoard it for future use on ceremonial occasions such as weddings and funerals, examples of primitive money will soon be found only in museums.

11. According to Aristotle money must ______.

〖A〗be easy to carry

〖B〗be strong enough and last long

〖C〗be able to be divided without remainder

〖D〗bear all the qualities above

12. In some parts of the world ______.

〖A〗money cannot buy goods

〖B〗money is not needed for the exchange of goods

〖C〗money is used in barter terms

〖D〗money is used to flavor food

13. In Tibet the value of "salt money" is determined by __.

〖A〗the weight of the cake of salt

〖B〗the size of the cake of salt

〖C〗the value stamped on the cake of salt

〖D〗the quality of the salt

14. The early money of China was _______.

〖A〗older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean

〖B〗not as old as the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean

〖C〗made of copper

〖D〗made of iron

15. The best title for the text would be _______.

〖A〗Early Money

〖B〗Money

〖C〗Coins and Notes

〖D〗History of Money

Text4

Visitors to Britain are sometimes surprised to learn that newspapers there have such a large circulation. The 'quality' newspapers are often held up as an example of impartial journalism but the 'Daily Mirror' and the 'Daily Express' usually impress newspapermen even more because they both sell about four million copies every day. British families generally buy a newspaper every morning and frequently take two

or three on Sundays, but the vast circulation figures obtained are not only due to the Englishman's thirst for news. Because the newspapers are all published nationally, copies can be delivered everywhere at the same time.

Though people broad often know the names of the national papers, they seldom realize that there is another branch of the British press which sells almost as many copies. Local newspapers have a weekly circulation of 13 million. Almost every town and country area has one. Nearly all of them hold their own financially and many of them are very profitable.

These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local

events-births, weddings, deaths, council meetings and sport-but the content is naturally influenced by the king of community they serve. Editors prefer to rely on a small staff of people who all know the district well. A great deal of local news is regularly supplied by clubs and churches in the neigh hour hood and it does not get out of date as quickly as national news. If there is no room for it in this week's edition, an item cam sometimes be held until the following week.

The editor must never forget that the success of any newspaper depends on advertising. He is usually anxious to keep the good will of local businessmen for this reason. But if the newspaper is well written and the news items have been carefully chosen to attract local readers, the businessmen are grateful for the opportunity to keep their products in the public eye.

Local newspapers do not often comment on problems of national importance

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及标准答案.

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案.

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3 大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四） 十六 Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way. First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air. One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly. 1.Pruning should be done to ______. a.make the tree grow taller

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