最新整理自考英语二Unit The Power of Language翻译教学文稿

Unit 1 The Power of Language

Text A Critical Reading

批判性地阅读（翻译）

批判性阅读适合于那种作者提出一个观点或试图陈述一个说法的纪实类写作。批判性阅读是积极阅读。它不仅仅包括理解作者说了些什么，还包括质疑和评价作者的话，并对此形成自己的观点。成为一名批判性阅读者需要做到以下几点。

考虑写作背景。你所读的可能是与你有不同文化背景的人所写的，或者是与你有不同时代背景的人多年以前所写的。无论哪种情况，你都必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所代表的价值观和态度有何不同。

质疑作者的论点。不要轻信作品的表面意思。在接受作者观点前，首先要确定作者作出的每一个论点都有足够的论据支持。找出能支持该论点的事实、实例、和数据。另外，注意作者是否参考了权威著作。

与同主题文章进行比较。查看该作者的文章与其他作者关于同一主题的文章是否有一致性。如果存在不一致性，对不一致的地方背后的论据支持要进行仔细甄别。

分析作者提出的假设。假设是作者认为具有正确性的前提，基于这些前提作者才能提出论点。很多时候作者的假设并没有直接说明，这就意味着你必须通过仔细阅读来发现这些假设。一旦发现某一假设，你必须判断这一假设是否合理。

鉴别文章出处。鉴别时要确保文章出处真实可信。例如，如果文章是关于物理学里程碑式的成就，那么爱因斯坦的论述就是可靠的出处。此外还要确保出处具有相关性。如果文章主题是诗歌，那么爱因斯坦的论述就不是相关出处。最后，如果作者写的是某个主题当前的情形，那就要确保出处来源也是当前最新的。例如，如果作者讨论的是物理学知识的现状，那么爱因斯坦在二十世纪早期进行的研究可能就不适合作出处了。

甄别作者可能带有的偏见。有关美国政治的书面论述可能因作者是共和党人或民主党人迥然而异。作者所写的内容很可能反映其带有偏见的立场。阅读时要考虑到这种偏见存在的可能性。也就是说，要对文章内容“半信半疑”。

成为一名批判性阅读者，你的思路会不断拓宽，观点会更加合理。

Exercises I Checking your comprehension

1、【正确答案】B

【答案解析】此题为句意理解题。由文中第一段Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying 可知，非文学类作品的批评性阅读是要提出自己的观点和摆明自己的态度，选项B,即提出自己的观点，最为恰当。答案为B。

2、【正确答案】A

【答案解析】此题为句意理解题。由文中第三段第三句，Before accepting what is written, be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made 可知，选项A符合文

中意思，即你在接受作者的观点之前，要确信有足够的论据支持作者的论点。答案为A。

3、【正确答案】D

【答案解析】此题为句意理解题。由文中第四段末句，If there are inconsistencies, carefully evaluate the support the author provides for the inconsistencies 可知，选项D最符合原文，即如果文章中有不一致的观点时，你要仔细阅读并检查作者所提出的支持其论点的论证。答案为D。

4、【正确答案】A

【答案解析】此题为细节题。由文中第六段第三句, Einstein is a credible source if the author is writing about landmark achievements in physics 可知，如果文章讲的是关于物理学的突破时，爱因斯坦就是相关的例子。答案为A。

5、【正确答案】C

【答案解析】此题为文章大意总结题。由课文最后一段结束句，By being a critical reader, you will become better informed and may change your views as appropriate 可知，课文结束说通过做一名有判断力的读者，你会变得见多识广，也能使你的观点更恰当，所以选项C最符合课文的意思。答案为C。

Exercise II

Section A Building your vocabulary

1、【正确答案】consistent

【答案解析】be consistent with…固定短语，意为“与……相符“。其中be动词are后面应该是表语形容词consistent，而consistency 是名词形式。答案为consistent。

2、【正确答案】statement

【答案解析】statement，名词，说明、表态，而state 表示“陈述”时是动词，做名词解时是“国家，现状”的意思。答案为statement。

3、【正确答案】reflect

【答案解析】译文：此统计数据反映了人们消费习惯方面的变化。这里句子缺少的是谓语动词，而reflection是名词。reflect，动词，显示、表明。答案为reflect。

4、【正确答案】invalid

【答案解析】译文：我担心你的驾驶执照在东欧无效。invalid 是valid 的反义词，意为“无效的”。答案为invalid。

5、【正确答案】considerably

【答案解析】译文：二十五美元比他原来估计的多多了。considerably，副词，很，非常，相当多地。答案为considerably。

6、【正确答案】comparison

【答案解析】译文：直接对比两种语言是不可能的。这里空格处的单词是主语中心词，主语中心词不能是动词。comparison, 名词，表示“比较，对比”；compare 是其动词形式。答案为comparison。

Section B

1、【正确答案】credible

【答案解析】句意：我的意见是，没有反对他的可信的证据。这里against sb.指的是反对某人。形容词credible 意为可信的。答案为credible。

2、【正确答案】identify

【答案解析】句意：甚至最小的小婴儿都可以通过声音来识别辨认出他的母亲。本空缺少谓语动词，identify 意为辨认，辨识，符合题意。答案为identify。

3、【正确答案】assumption

【答案解析】句意：人们容易根据你的外表做出一些假设。本空缺少宾语，应选用名词。assumption为名词，意为假设、假定，符合题意。答案为assumption。

4、【正确答案】represents

【答案解析】句意：这篇新闻报道描述了我们学校目前的状况。其中represent，动词，描述、表现，此处要注意时态。答案为represents。

5、【正确答案】evaluated

【答案解析】句意：每年，每一位员工的表现每年都会被评估一次。注意此句子中的被动语态，员工绩效被评估，所以动词evaluate 应为被动式evaluated。答案为evaluated。

6、【正确答案】appropriate

【答案解析】句意：我们需要确保他们所接受的教育适合他们的需求。appropriate 是形容词，指的是“合适的”。答案为appropriate。

Section C

1、【正确答案】to

【答案解析】译文：表格的那一部分是针对英国公民的，和你没关系。apply to，固定搭配，应用，使用。答案为to。

2、【正确答案】forth

【答案解析】译文：争议之所以产生，是因为要修改该项运动的一些规则。put forth，固定搭配，提出，产生。答案为forth。

3、【正确答案】into

【答案解析】take...into account ，固定搭配，考虑到，顾及。答案为into。

4、【正确答案】in

【答案解析】译文：在俄罗斯事务方面，他被公认为是一个专家。答案为in。

5、【正确答案】with

【答案解析】compare...with…为固定搭配，把……和……做对比，比较。答案为with。

6、【正确答案】to

【答案解析】be relevant to，固定搭配，有关的，相关的。答案为to。

Unit 1 Text B

The Language of Confidence

1、自信的语言

语言能影响我们的大脑。掌握语言就能在很大程度上掌握我们的生活和命运。将语言发挥到极致可以极大地改善我们的生活质量，这一点至关重要

再短的单词也能对我们的潜意识产生深远的影响。我们的潜意识就像一个孩子，分不清真实发生的事和自己想象的事。它渴望取悦，乐意听从你给它的任何命令，而你是有意还是无意地做这些完全取决于你。

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