高考英语翻译试题经典及解析

高考英语翻译试题经典及解析

一、高中英语翻译

1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brakes.

1．网球运动在上海越来越流行了。（popular）

2．我认为你们的建议和他们的一样有价值。（as…as）

3．只喝一杯咖啡就会使我整晚睡不着。（keep）

4．为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。（memory）

5．过了三天她才想起把雨衣忘在语言实验室了。（remember）

6．尽管山高林密，医护人员还是迅速地赶到出事地点，试试救援。（despite）

【答案】

1．Tennis is getting more and more popular in Shanghai.

2．I think your suggestion is as valuable as theirs.

3．Drinking only a cup of coffee will keep me awake all night.

4．A film will be made/ shot in memory of those brave fire fighters.

5．It was three days later that she remembered leaving/having left her raincoat in the language lab.

6．Despite the high mountains and thick forests, the doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident for the rescue/to carry out the rescue.

【解析】

【分析】

翻译题要力争做到译文的正确、准确、地道三个要求。正确就是译文没有明显的语言错误，准确是指考生能运用合适的词汇和句式完整的表述原意，地道是指译文不但无语言错误，而且用此选句符合英语习惯，意义表达生动灵活。所以，做翻译题时要综合运用词句知识，注意词汇的习惯搭配和句子时态、语态、人称和句式的选择。

1．表示“越来越……”，英语的表达方式为“比较级+and+比较级用于进行时里中。

2．表示“与……一样……”应该用“as+ adj./adv原级+as…”结构。

3．本句要注意两点：1. 动名词用作主语的用法；2. keep + sb./sth. + adj (做宾补)使……保持某种状态。

4．“为了纪念……”应选用“in the memory of”固定短语来表达。

5．解答本题要注意两点：1. 强调句型的运用；2. remember doing sth.记住做过某事。6．本句较为复杂，除了掌握despite作为介词可以接名词构成介词短语作状语外，还要注意句中谓语动词的准确选择和时态的确定，最后还要注意“实施援救”这一目的状语的表达。

2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed)

2．将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。(be up to)

3．没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than)

4．家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。(for fear)

5．虽然现代社会物资丰富，给予消费者更多的选择，但也使不少人变成购物狂。(turn)

【答案】

1．I’m accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep.

2．It’s up to you what kind of life will lead in the future.

3．There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel programme. 4．Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen. 5．While modern society, rich in material resources,has given consumers more choice, it turns many of them into crazy shoppers.

【解析】试题分析：

1．翻译这句话的时候，注意词组：be accustomed to doing“习惯于做……”。

2．这句话使用了句型：It’s up to you +从句，“做….由某人决定”。这里what kind of life will lead in the future.是主语从句，it是形式主语。

3．这句话使用了There be句型， nothing 后面是形容词做定语，因为是比较的含义用形容词的比较级more exciting，还有词组“被允许做”be allowed to ，以及词组“参加”：take part in 。

4．这句话使用了for fear that 引导目的状语从句，和词组“让某人不要做……”ask sb. not to do.

5．这句话使用了连词While 表示“尽管，虽然”。词组“富含”be rich in ，主句中使用了词组turn…. into …..“将…变成…”。

考点：考查翻译句子

3．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．熬夜大大影响健康。(affect)

_________________________

2．等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。(by the time)

_________________________

3．从长远来看，你的知识面越广，就越有能力应付工作中的问题。(capable)

_________________________

4．据信，过分溺爱孩子会不知不觉地造成孩子的坏脾气，甚至缺乏自理能力。(It)

_________________________

【答案】

1．Staying up late affects one’s health greatly.

2．By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up.

3．In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work.

4．It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查翻译句子，注意使用括号内的提示词进行翻译。

1．考查非谓语动词。affect表示“影响”，是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，stay up表示“熬夜”，本句使用动名词作主语，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，注意动名词作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数，故翻译为：Staying up late affects one’s health greatly.

2．考查时态语态。by the time引导的时间状语从句，表示将来的时间时，从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时，stadium与set up之间是被动关系，所以用将来完成时的被动语态，故翻译为：By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up.

3．考查固定句式。be capable of表示“能够”，根据句意可知本句使用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，就越……”，陈述的是客观事实。用一般现在时，故翻译为：In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work.

4．考查形式主语和非谓语动词。ability后用不定式作后置定语，ability to do表示“做……的能力”，根据提示词可知本句使用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves.

4．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．交友时不要以貌取人。(base)

________________

2．经历了一场大病后,他明白了生命无价。(suffer)

________________

3．2018上海进口博览会展示了创新理念,促进了自由贸易。(meanwhile)

________________

4．不管到哪里旅游,都应该尊重当地的风俗习惯。这样才能成为一名文明的游客。(no matter)

________________

【答案】

1．Don’t judge a person based on his appearance when making friends.

2．After he suffered a serious illness, he realized that life is priceless.

3．The 2018 Shanghai International Import Expo shows innovative ideas, meanwhile it promotes free trade.

4．No matter where you travel, you should respect the local customs and habits, which will

help you become a civilized traveller.

【解析】

【分析】

考查重点单词句型翻译。

1．短语be based on“以……为基础”，本句为否定祈使句，用when引导时间状语从句，译为Don’t judge a person based on his appearance when making friends.。

2．Suffer“遭受；忍受；经历”，本句为after引导的状语从句，译为After he suffered a serious illness, he realized that life is priceless.。

3．“上海进口博览会”为“Shanghai International Import Expo”；“创新理念”为“innovative ideas”，故译为The 2018 Shanghai International Import Expo shows innovative ideas, meanwhile it promotes free trade.。

4．本句为no matter+where引导的状语从句，且主句后用非限定性定语从句修饰，故译为No matter where you travel, you should respect the local customs and habits, which will help you become a civilized traveller.。

5．高中英语翻译题：Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．任何人都不可能轻而易举获得成功。(ease)

________________________

2．遇到紧急情况一定要冷静，否则可能会造成严重后果。(or)

________________________

3．我们只有学会尊重人际间的差异，才能避免误会，与他人建立和谐的关系。(Only)

________________________

4．令教练欣慰的是，整个辩论队齐心协力，克服了遇到的各种困难，最终所有的努力都得到了回报。(reward v.)

________________________

【答案】

1． It is impossible for anyone to achieve success with ease./ Nobody can achieve success with ease.

2． Keep calm/ Calm down in emergency, or it can bring about/cause serious consequences. 3． Only by learning to respect interpersonal differences/differences between(among) people can we avoid misunderstanding and build harmonious relationships with others.

4．To the coach’s relief, all the debate/debating team members have worked

together/cooperated to overcome various difficulties they met with/encountered/came across, and all their efforts have finally been rewarded.

【解析】

1．本句关键词（组）：achieve success“取得成功”，with ease“熟练地；不费力地”。根据句意可知，此处描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故译为It is impossible for anyone to achieve success with ease./ Nobody can achieve success with ease.

2．本句关键词（组）：keep calm/ calm down“保持冷静”，emergency“紧急情况”，bring about/cause serious consequences“造成严重后果”。根据句意及提示可知，此处应使用句型：“祈使句，or+将来时的句子”。故译为Keep calm/ Calm down in emergency, or it can bring about/cause serious consequences.

3．本句关键词（组）：interpersonal differences/differences between(among) people“人际间的差异”，avoid misunderstanding“避免误会”，build harmonious relationships with others“与他人建立和谐的关系”。only位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装结构。故译为Only by learning to respect interpersonal differences/differences between(among) people can we avoid misunderstanding and build harmonious relationships with others.

4．本句关键词（组）：to the coach’s relief“令教练欣慰的是”，worked

together/cooperated“齐心协力”，overcome various difficulties“克服各种困难”，meet with/ encounter/come across“遇到”。根据句意及提示可知，此处主句应使用现在完成时。故译为To the coach’s relief, all the debate/debating team members have worked together/cooperated to overcome various difficulties they met with/encountered/came across, and all their efforts have finally been rewarded.

6．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．遇到突发危险时，人会茫然不知所措，这是很正常的。(which)

________________________

2．一个人究竟怎样才能完成这样一个伟大的工程呢？(How)

________________________

3．在此之前，他从未和那位主编讨论过自己的新书。(Not)

________________________

4．情况是在不断地变化，要使自己的思想适应新的情况，就得学习。(adapt)

________________________

【答案】

1． People may get overwhelmed in the face of sudden dangers, which is quite natural. / One may get at a loss when facing a sudden danger, which is quite natural.

2． How on earth can a person accomplish such a great project? / How on earth can one accomplish such a grand project?

3． Not until that moment had he ever talked about his new book with that chief editor. Not until this had he ever discussed his new book with the chief editor.

4． The situation is constantly changing. To adapt your thinking to new situations, you have to learn. / Situations are changing continually, so we must study to adapt our thinking to new situations.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查翻译句子，注意一些固定短语和固定句型的使用。

1．本题的难点在于用which引导非限定性定语从句，还要注意at a loss或get overwhelmed表示“不知所措”。

2．本题的难点在于on earth表示“究竟”，用such+a+形容词+名词表示“一个如此……的东西”。

3．本题的难点在于Not until位于句首，要用部分倒装。

4．本题的难点在于用不定式作目的状语，而且还要注意adapt…to…表示“使……适应……”。

7．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．他曾在当地一所学校工作。（used to）

2．一位旧时同窗写信告诉我他重返祖国的想法。（thought）

3．当被问及为何投入这个研究时，他保持沉默。（involve）

4．他若是想在下一届奥运会夺金的话，就要提高他的技术水平。（be to do）

5．她注视着市长消失的那个出口，然后环顾四周看看其他人对市长的缺席有何反应。（through）

【答案】

1． He used to work at a local school.

2．A former classmate of mine wrote me a letter, telling me his thought of returning to the native land/motherland.

3． When (he was) asked why he was involved in the study, he kept silence (silent).

4．If he is to win the gold medal at the next Olympics, he needs to improve his technique. 5．She stared at the exit through which Mayor had disappeared and then looked around to see how others reacted to his absence.

【解析】

试题分析：

1．He used to work at a local school.

本句重点在于used to do sth过去常常做某事；

2．A former classmate of mine wrote me a letter, telling me his thought of returning to the native land/motherland.

名词thought表示想法，后面的不定式短语of…是对thought进行的解释说明。

3． When (he was) asked why he was involved in the study, he kept silence (silent).

本句考查的是状语从句的省略的话题，当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致的时候，可以把状语从句的主语和be一起省略。

4． If he is to win the gold medal at the next Olympics, he needs to improve his technique.

本题考查的be to do sth表示将来时的用法。相当于should, must。

5．She stared at the exit through which Mayor had disappeared and then looked around to see how others reacted to his absence.

本句考查了动词短语stare at…盯着…看的用法。

考点：考查了考生对词汇，语法和具体句式的掌握情况

考点：本题重在考查基础知识、基本词汇量的积累，对于这类题只有平时勤积累、多进行记忆背诵。

8．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences

1．学生在英语写作中词不达意的现象值得每位英语教师关注。(worth)

2．下周一整周都可以用肉眼观察到火星，这让很多天文(astronomy)爱好者欣喜若狂。(visible)

3．应当鼓励孩子从小接触音乐，音乐一直被认为是灵感的恒久源泉。source

4．中日两国的共同利益远远大于分歧，对话与合作始终是两国关系的主流。（outweigh）

【答案】

1．The phenomenon that students can’t convey/express their ideas is worth paying attention to by every English teacher.

2．Mars will be visible to the naked eye all week next week, which makes many astronomy lovers wild with joy.

3．Kids should be encouraged to be exposed to/ expose themselves to music from an early age because music is regarded as an enduring source of inspiration.

4．The common interests between China and Japan far outweigh their differences, so dialogue and cooperation should remain the main stream of their relations.

【解析】

【分析】

考查句子翻译。

1．考查固定短语和名词性从句。固定短语be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，pay attention to“对……的注意”，本句为同位语从句修饰先行词phenomenon。故翻译为The phenomenon that students can’t convey/express their ideas is worth paying attention to by every English teacher.。

2．考查固定短语和定语从句。固定短语be visible to“……所看见的”，wild with joy“欣喜若狂”，本句为非限定性定语从句修饰主句，且主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时。故翻译为Mars will be visible to the naked eye all week next week, which makes many astronomy lovers wild with joy.。

3．考查固定短语和状语从句。固定短语be exposed to/expose oneself to“接触……”，an enduring source of inspiration“灵感的恒久源泉”，be regarded as“被视为……”，本句为原因状语从句，从句为一般现在时。故翻译为Kids should be encouraged to be exposed to/ expose themselves to music from an early age because music is regarded as an enduring source of inspiration.。

4．考查固定短语。固定短语far outweigh“远远大于”，the main stream“主流”。本句应用一般现在时。故翻译为The common interests between China and Japan far outweigh their differences, so dialogue and cooperation should remain the main stream of their relations.。

9．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．值得一提的是,这座刚落成的教学楼配备了先进的视听设备。(worth)

2．在新品发布前,老板要求广告公司展开调查来收集潜在客户的信息。(demand)

3．面对着诸多不确定因零,家长对孩子的学业成绩感到焦虑是一件正常的事情。(face) 4．要牢记:只要按部就班实现每个短期目标,我们就可以在科研上取得一个又一个的突破。(Bear)

【答案】

1．It is worth mentioning that the newly-built teaching building has been equipped with advanced audio-visual equipment.

2．Before the new product is launched, the boss has demanded that the advertising agency (should) carry out a survey to collect/gather information about potential clients.

3．When they are facing/ (faced with) many uncertainties, it is natural/normal parents to feel anxious about their children's academic performance.

4．Bear in mind that as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step, we can make one breakthrough after another in scientific research

【解析】

【分析】

本本大题考查用所给的词翻译英语句子。此种题首先要分析所给的汉语句意及所给词的用法，明确考核的要点，选择恰当的词语搭配。这不仅要用所给的语法项目进行恰当的翻译，同时还要注意翻译句子时要根据具体的语境。此外一定要避免汉语式的英语翻译。1．考查固定用法。“Sth. be worth doing worth”为固定用法，意为“某事值得做”。“be equipped with...”为固定搭配，意为“配备有......”。此句中的根据语境可知，因此可用it作形式主语，真正的主语是“这座刚落成的教学楼配备了先进的视听设备”。故本句可译为： It is worth mentioning that the newly-built teaching building has been equipped with advanced audio-visual equipment.

2．考查demand引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。Demand在表示“要求”时，所引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should也可省略。故本句可译为：Before the new product is launched, the boss has demanded that the advertising agency (should) carry out a survey to collect/gather information about potential clients.

3．考查face的用法。“某人面对某事时”可用“sb. face sth.” 或用“sb. be faced with...”。根据语境可知，此句是由when引导的状语从句。故本句可译为：When they are facing/ (faced with) many uncertainties, it is natural/normal parents to feel anxious about their children's academic performance.

4．考查固定用法。“Bear ...in mind”为固定用法，意为“把......记住”。根据语境可知，bear

的宾语中含有一个状语从句，“只要按部就班实现每个短期目标”可译为“as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step”，第二句中“取得突破”要运用“make one breakthrough”。故本句可译为：Bear in mind that as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step, we can

make one breakthrough after another in scientific research。

10．高中英语翻译题：Translation

1．阅读诗歌译本就如同穿着雨衣淋雨，你永远无法感知到水滴的碰撞。(like)

2．为了抹去过往的痛苦回忆，她决定将所有他的信件付之一炬。(wipe)

3．他文科很棒，所以很有机会被他心仪的大学录取。(stand)

4．他的言论使得一件之前无人问津的小事变成了所有人现在都不得不关注的国际事件。(to which)

【答案】

1．Reading a translation of a poem is like wearing a raincoat in the rain, you can never feel the collision of water droplets.

2．In order to wipe the painful memories, she decided to set all his letters on fire.

3．He stands out in liberal arts, so he has a good chance of getting admitted to the university he wants.

4．His comments turned a small matter that no one had cared about before into an international event to which everyone now has to pay attention.

【解析】

1．“阅读诗歌译本”用动名词作主语，like意为“像”，是介词，后面接名词或动名词作宾语。故翻译为：Reading a translation of a poem is like wearing a raincoat in the rain, you can never feel the collision of water droplets.

2．表示“为了”，可用“in order to do”或“to do”结构，“抹去”是wipe，“决定做某事”是decide to do。故翻译为：In order to wipe the painful memories, she decided to set all his letters on fire.

3．表示“很棒”，可用“stand out”。“被……录取”可用“be admitted to”表示。定语从句用he wants表示。故翻译为：He stands out in liberal arts, so he has a good chance of getting admitted to the university he wants.

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