最新各校考博英语翻译

各校考博英语翻译

北理工05翻译

A. Translate the following two short paragraphs into Chinese.(10 points)

1. We do not make mistakes on the basis of race or color. We don not make them because we are male or female, young or old. We do no make mistakes of choice or judgments because we want to make mistakes. We make them because we are human. Mistakes, bad judgments, the stupid things we do are all a part of being human. We cannot hide from who we are. We should not hide from what we do. When we acknowledge our mistakes or errors and face up to our human shortcomings, no one can use them against us.

2. We are first and foremost responsible to and for ourselves. We can help other people. We can assist other people. What we cannot do is make what we do for others or others do for us more important than what we do for ourselves. When we find something or someone creating in our lives something we don not want, we must muster the courage and strength to tell them to stop it. When we do, we preserve our sense of self.

B. Translate the following two paragraphs into English.(20 points)

几年前我认识一个非常聪明但任性的中国青年，他急切地想去美国读大学，但又没有被他申请的长春藤合会名牌大学录取。所幸的是，一所在美国人，特别是受过高等教育的美国人当中享有盛誉的规模较小的文科大学向他提供了奖学金，但这所大学在中国几乎不为人所知。凡是听我说起他的情况的美国人都觉得他真该高兴，然而，这位年轻人却被忧虑所困扰。这所大学的名次在他所咨询的排行榜上并不靠前，他的同学全然不知道这所学校，因此同学们的祝贺就不那么热烈了。难道这一“成功”真是个失败？他是不是该留在北京上那所录取了他的尖子大学？或者是他到了美国就转学到一所他认为原本应该接受他的名牌大学去？当启程的时间到来时，他是那么拿不定注意，乃至向朋友表示遗憾。

这是个名次多么有害的例子。要想知道什么意味着最好的大学显然是不可能的，因为每个人的标准都与别人不同；即使他们都同意某一个特定的标准，他们对一个学校的估价也往往反映出信息的不完整和个人的不同看法等问题。我也许特别关注图书馆的质量，你可能强调计算机的使用方便程度，另一个人可能觉得图书馆与计算机都不如师生的交往重要，这又该如何确定呢？

北理工06翻译

Section A: Translate the following short paragraphs into Chinese (20 points)

21. Everyone has something they are ashamed of, afraid of or that they feel guilty about. Each of us, in our own way, has devised a neat little method of handling our dark side. We may know how to hide it. Few of us know how to heal it. When we refuse to admit what we have done in the past, we block our path to the future. No matter how terrible we think we are, how bad we believe we have been, how low we think we have fallen, we can clean our minds and begin again.

22. We expected so much energy trying to fix who we are; we rarely get to know ourselves. If we realized how precious the gist of life is, we would not waste a moment trying to improve it. If we really understood how precious we are to the gift of life, we would not waste time trying to fix ourselves.

23. We cannot draw to use more than believe we are worth. Everything that happens to use and every choice we make is a reflection of what we believe about who we are. Our inspiration comes from our self-acceptance. Our motivation comes from our self-reliance. When we accept ourselves and rely on ourselves, we feel good about ourselves. When you feel good about something, you believe in it. When you believe in it, it will work for you!

24. It is of little consequence what your past has been. What matters to you and for you is right now. It is no your concern what others may be saying or doing. When you are taking care of yourself, you have very little time pay attention to others. People can love you or hate you, ignore you or dote on your every word. No matter what anyone else may think or do or say, it has very little impact on who you really are. It is only in your mind that you build or destroy the esteem for your “self”. Self-esteem begins and ends with you, the self. When you have it, you have it and no one can take it away from you.

Section B Translate the following paragraph into English. (20points)

现在，成千上万的美国人沉溺于对身材苗条的追求之中。他们着迷于节食和锻炼，这不仅仅是因为他们对年轻外表的追求。最近的一项研究表明节食和体育锻炼对身体健康的极端重要性。如同在许多工业技术发达的国家中一样，北美人的生活方式发生了显著的变化。现代化的机器完成了人们曾被迫用手工来完成的体力劳动。小汽车、公共汽车运载着我们飞快地从一地来到另一地。由于无所事事，人们的身体变得虚弱并易于生病。为了避免这种状况的发生，成千上万的美国人把更多的时间投入到体育锻炼之中。这种对体育锻炼重要性的认识所产生的结果是显而易见的：公园里到处是散步和骑自行车的人，体育节目中有重新树立了威望，许多公司都为自己的员工提供了特殊的运动器材供他们在工作日当中锻炼身体。

北理工07翻译

Section A: Translate the following short paragraphs into Chinese(20points)

21.Love is of three varieties: unselfish, mutual and ordinary or selfish. Unselfish love is of the highest kind. Here, the one who loves seeks only the welfare of the beloved and does not care whether he suffers pains and hardships thereby. The second kind of love is mutual love in which the one who loves desires not only the happiness of his beloved, but has an eye to his own happiness also. Selfish love is the lowest. It makes a man care only for his own happiness without having any regard for the feeling of the beloved.

22.Optimism and pessimism are both powerful forces, and each of us must choose which we want to shape our outlook and our expectations. There is enough good and bad in everyone's life ample sorrow and happiness, sufficient joy and pain to find a rational ,basis for either optimism or pessimism. We can choose to laugh or cry, bless or curse. It's our decision: From which perspective do we want to view life? Will we look up in hope or down in despair? I believe in the upward look. I choose to highlight the positive and slip fight over the negative. I am an optimist by choice as much as by nature.

23.Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a mater of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life. Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity of the appetite, of adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our ideals. Years may wrinkle the skin. But to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust.

24.All men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with inherent and unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government; ...

Section B: Translate the following paragraph into English. (20points)

每个人一生中都该有个志向，否则他的精力便会浪费掉。每个青年人都力求成为一个有成就的人物。一个青年人只期望富有是不明智的，或只专心予求得权利与名望也是不对的。一个青年人希望做个有成就者，结果常常会实现。狄斯拉里(Disraeli)的故事是个例证。狄斯拉里开始过公众生活时渴望能成为一个学者及演说家。他在文学方面的成就比演说方面更为成功。起初他作为一个演说家时是完全失败的。不过，他认为有把握克服障碍，遂以不屈不挠的精神致力于这个目标的实现。他的一些朋友认为他这个念头是蠢的，甚至是古怪的，但他坚持目标不舍，最后终于成功，成为英国曾经产生的最有丰富知识的学者与最雄辩的演说家之一。这个故事并不是引来说明：只是大学者或演说家，或二者兼而有之者才是有成就的人物。除了做学者或演说家之外，还有许多同样高尚与可敬的事业哩。它只是用来说明一个青年人须志向高远，因为“宁可志高而达不到目标, 也不要志低而达到”。

中国政法05翻译

Section A (15 points)

Directions: Put the following passage into good Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet. Remember to write it clearly.

Water is a limited natural resource and a public good fundamental for life and health. The human right to water is indispensable for leading a life in human dignity. It is a prerequisite for the realization of other human rights. The Committee has been confronted continually with the widespread denial of the right to water in developing as well as developed countries. Over 1 billion persons lack access to a basic water supply, while several billion do not have access to adequate sanitation, which is the primary cause of water contamination and diseases linked to water. The continuing contamination, depletion and unequal distribution of water is exacerbating existing poverty. States have to adopt effective measures to realize, without discrimination, the right to water.

Section B (15 points)

Directions: Translate the following passage into English Write your translation on the Answer Sheet. Remember to write it clearly.

和平与发展是当今世界的两大主题。维护世界和平，加强友好合作，促进共同发展是各国人民的共同愿望。当前，贫困、失业、难民、犯罪、人口膨胀、环境恶化、毒品泛滥、恐怖主义等问题仍然严峻，影响着全球的稳定与发展。中国与西方国家虽然国情不同，但在一系列重大国际问题上具有广泛一致的利益。我对中国同西方各国关系的改善与发展感到高兴。中国政府和人民愿在相互新生和平等互利的基础上，同包括西方国家在内的世界各国政府和人民一道，为和平与发展的崇高事业做出贡献。

中国政法06翻译

Section A (15 points)

Directions: Put the following passage into good Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet. Remember to write it clearly.

Academic freedom includes the liberty of individuals to express freely opinions about the institution or system in which they work, to fulfill their functions without discrimination or fear of repression by the State or any other actor, to participate in professional or representative academic bodies, and to enjoy all the internationally recognized human rights applicable to other individuals in the same jurisdiction. The enjoyment of academic freedom carries with it obligations, such as the duty to respect the academic freedom of others, to ensure the fair discussion of contrary views, and to treat all without discrimination on any of the prohibited grounds.

Section B (15 points)

Directions: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet. Remember to write it clearly.

不管是好习惯还是坏习惯，都是逐渐养成的。当一个人重复做某件事时，一种看不见的力量驱使他去重复做同一件事，这样就养成了习惯。习惯一旦形成，要改掉它是困难的。所以，我们在形成习惯时要小心谨慎，这一点是非常重要的。小孩子常常会养成坏习惯。这些坏习惯中有的一直保留到他们死去为止。年纪大的人也会养成坏习惯，在某些情况下，这些坏习惯能毁掉人。

复旦大学06翻译

Section A (10%)

Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese.

Dun took a deep breath, thinking over what had been said and searching in his mind for a possible course of action. Not for the first time in his flying career, he felt himself in the grip of an acute sense of apprehension, only this time his awareness of his responsibility for the safety of a huge, complex aircraft and nearly sixty lives was tinged with a sudden icy premonition of disaster. Was this, then what it felt like? Older pilots, those who had been in combat in the war, always maintained that if you kept at the game long enough you’d buy it in the end. How was it that in the space of half an hour a normal, everyday, routing flight, carrying a crowd of happy football fans,

could change into a nightmare nearly four miles above the earth, something that would shriek across the front pages of a hundred newspapers?

Section B (10%)

Directions: Put the following passage into English.

在美国历史上人们最津津乐道的政治问题恐怕就法律与秩序。但令人感到心痛的是，显然有好几百万美国人从来没有想到过自己会是违法者，更不用说是犯罪分子了，他们越来越不把那些旨在保护他们社会的法律条文放在心上。如今，人们随手乱扔垃圾、进税漏税、发出违禁噪音，以及开车时表示出来的无政府状态，可谓是司空见惯。有时不由使人觉得，藐视法令者竟可代表未来的潮流了。哈佛大学的社会学家戴维.里斯曼认为：大多数美国人漫不经心地把犯点所谓的小错误当作是理所当然的。他还认为：今天美国社会道德准则已出现“只有傻瓜才守法的”危险倾向了。

同济大学05翻译

Part Ⅲ Translation from English into Chinese (20 %)

Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life; the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the verge of despair.

I have sought love, first became it brings ecstasy-ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of like for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have bought it, finally, because in the union of love, I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what at last I have found.

With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved. Love and knowledge, so fat as they were possible, led upward reward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberated in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a haled burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.

This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and I would gladly live it again if the chance were offered to me.

武汉大学05翻译

Part Ⅱ English-Chinese Translation (20%)

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

1. American hopes that pressure from the U.S. will force Japan to suddenly dismantle its trade barriers are almost certain to evaporate in disappointment. The fact is that Washington faces an obstacle far more formidable than a few power brokers in Tokyo’s government offices. It must buck centuries-old, deeply ingrained Japanese customs. To move the Japanese government, Washington must move an entire nation.

So far, the U.S. has had only limited success despite congressional threats to retaliate. In an April 9 nationwide broadcast, Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone urged the Japanese to buy more imported goods and unveiled a long-awaited three-year plan to ease import restrictions. But his program was far short of what Washington hoped to see.

White House Chief of Staff Donald Regan said the Japanese offered “few new or immediate measures.” While the plan did promise fewer curbs on imports of telecommunications gear, medicine and medical equipment, it offered no relief for American forest products – which are among the most contentious trade issues.

Nakasone gives every sign of being sincere in his desire to reduce a Japanese surplus in trade with the U.S. that hit 36.8 billion dollars in 1984 and could soon top 50 billion. 2. Yet to rely on any one Japanese political leader, no matter how popular he is at home, to reverse trade policies is to underestimate the culture and traditions that weigh heavily against a breakthrough.

Big business and dozens of anonymous bureaucrats have as much power as Japan’s top selected leaders.

“The whole concept that we can turn this around right now is patently ridiculous,” says an American trader who has lived and worked here since 1952. “The vested interests are being shaken and slowly moved, but at a pace too slow for the eye to follow.”

That view is echoed by a U.S. diplomat closely involved in the efforts to open Japanese markets to American goods, Washington’s stock solution to the ballooning trade imbalance.

3. “Japan is a relationship society rather than a transactional society,” he says. “You cannot alter that kind of

a system with a television speech or a bat ch of general proposals, no matter how well intentioned they are.”

Beyond specific tariffs or other official barriers to imports, experts here say that the U.S. faces these obstacles:

Nearly total domination of the Japanese market by a few dozen giant conglomerates that strongly oppose even token competition – be it from abroad or emerging domestic firms.

An elite, thickly layered bureaucracy that historically has drafted laws and regulations as well as enforced them, and both of these powers would be threatened by trade reforms.

A longtime relationship between business and government that critics say fosters collusion and hinders foreign entry into domestic markets.

Adamant support for import restrictions among Japanese farmers, one of the most powerful political forces.

4. A highly developed sense of loyalty to established practices and relationships that often outweighs any “duty” to society as a whole or, in some cases, even personal best interest. Esteem for caution and consensus in decision making at all social levels, and conversely, resentment of governmental fiats or one-man – even if that man is the head of government.

Compounding Washington’s problem is Nakasone’s weak position within his own party, the Liberal Democrats, who have ruled Japan for 30 years. His standing is so complex and fragile that he has been forced to yield all but three of 21 cabinet positions to rival political factions. His cabinet colleagues are far less committed than he is to trade reforms, making it difficult for the Prime Minister to muscle proposals through either the bureaucracy or the Diet, Japan’s parliament.

The existence of “Japan, Inc.” – the concept of an entire nation conspiring to advance economically at any cost – is a topic of debate among both Japanese and outsiders. But there is no dispute over how the system actually works.

Part Ⅲ Chinese-English Translation (20%)

Directions: Translate the following short paragraphs into English and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

1、他是个极其自负的怪人。除非事情与自己有关，否则他从来不屑对世界或世人瞧上一眼。对他来说，他不仅是世界上最重要的人物，而且在他眼里，他是唯一活在世界上的人。他认为自己是世界上最伟大的戏剧家之一、最伟大的思想家之一、最伟大的作曲家之一。听听他的谈话，仿佛他就是莎士比亚、柏拉图、贝多芬三人集于一身。想要听到他的高论十分容易，他是世界上最能使人精疲力竭的健谈者之一。

同他度过一个夜晚，就是听他一个人滔滔不绝的说上一晚。有时，他才华横溢；有时，他又令人极其厌烦。但无论是妙趣横生还是枯燥无味，他的谈话只有一个主题：他自己，他的所思所为。

2、他狂妄地认为自己总是正确的。任何人在最无足轻重的问题上露出丝毫的异议，都会激起他的谴责。他可能会一连好几个小时滔滔不绝，千方百计地证明自己如何如何正确。有了这种使人耗尽心力的雄辩本事，听者最后都被他弄得头昏脑胀，耳朵发聋，为了图个清静，只好同意他的说法。

武汉大学06翻译

Part Ⅱ English-Chinese Translation (20%, 1 = 5 points)

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

Tsunamis are impulsively generated sea waves by a disturbance at or near the ocean.

(1) Earthquakes, submarine volcanic explosions, landslides and the detonation of nuclear devices neat the sea can give rise to such destructive sea waves. By far the most destructive tsunamis are generated from large shallow-focus earthquakes with an epicenter or fault line near or in the ocean. Vertical displa cements of the earth’s crust along the rupture resulting from such earthquakes can generate destructive tsunami waves which can travel across an ocean spreading destruction across their path. Similar displacements of the ocean floor can also be produced by volcanic eruptions and submarine avalanches or landslides. However, these source are considered as point sources and, although the tsunami waves generated can be very destructive locally, the energy of the waves is rapidly dissipated as they travel across the ocean.

To forecast tsunamis and determine terminal run-up and destructiveness, one must be able to evaluate the parameters of the tsunami source mechanism in real time, often from inadequate date. (2) Tsunami source mechanism analysis is difficult given the time constraints of a warning situation. It will suffice to say that forecasting the run-up and potential destructiveness of a tsunami at a distant shore will depend greatly on determining the seismic parameters of the source location such as magnitude of the earthquake, its depth, its orientation, the length of the fault line, the size of the crustal displacements, and depth of the water. (3) Refraction (折射) and diffraction (衍射) processes will affect the energy and height of the tsunami waves as they travel across the ocean. Three effects must also be determined. Finally, terminal height, run-up, and inundation of the tsunami at a point of impact will depend upon the energy focusing effect, the travel path of the waves, the coastal configuration, and the offshore bathymetry, only to name a few.

Tsunami run-up is the vertical distance between the maximum height reached by the water on shore and the mean-sea-level surface. (4) Contrary to meteorological predictions, tsunami rum-up, the final product of earthquake and tsunami investigations if not possible to forecast with a great degree of accuracy. The reason for this inadequate data and information. Problems of communications and lack of sufficient station density, often complicate the process. Forecasting tsunamis requires adequate understanding of the phenomenon, good and expeditious collection of earthquake and sea level data, and accurate and expeditious assessment and interpretation of this data.

Part Ⅲ Chinese-English Translation (20%)

Directions: Translate the following short paragraphs into English and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

语言学无疑是学术领域争论最热门的话题。它浸淫着诗人、神学者、哲学家、语言学家、心理学家、生物学家和神经学家的血液，融入了文法家的方方面面。

目前以“语言学家”之名从事的大多数工作纯粹是描述性的；语言学家试图不通过价值判断或尝试绘制出未来语言发展的方向就来澄清语言的本质。但是，有许多专业人士和业余爱好者也在制定语言规则，他们规定除专门标准让大家遵守。而规定语法学家（prescriptivists）可能是想勾画出他们猜想什么是所谓的

2018年考博英语翻译练习及参考【三篇】

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