2015年考研英语一阅读理解真题详解
2015年考研英语一阅读理解真题详解
2015年这篇阅读文章的选择依然延续了考研英语选材的一贯做法，选自2014年6月4日《卫报》上一篇名为Is the writing on the wall for all European royals?（所有欧洲皇室注定要失败吗？）的文章。主要讨论了西班牙胡安·卡洛斯国王退位这一事件对欧洲诸多皇室的影响，尤其是对英国皇室的影响。总体来说，作为今年阅读题型的第一篇，文章在内容上难度稍大，尤其是里面涉及到了一些人名、地名的专有名词以及非常地道的英式习语表达等等。但是，如果纯就题目来说的话，难度倒不是很大，答案的出处也比较容易找到。接下来就文章具体的题目来进行深入的解析。
21、According to the first two paragraphs, King Juan Carl of Spain
[A] used to enjoy high public support
[B] was unpopular among European royals
[C] ended his reign in embarrassment
[D] cased his relationship with his rivals
答案：[C] ended his reign in embarrassment
解析：题目中明确提到答案的范围是在前面两段，而关键词又是King Juan Carl of Spain，那么根据关键词可以主要定位到第一段。在第一段中，对于King Juan Carl of Spain 这个人的主要描述就是King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted kings don’t abdicate, they die in their sleep. But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.
根据题目所给的四个选项，可以发现C项ended his reign in embarrassment（在窘迫中结束了他的统治）正好讲的就是第二句话的内容：But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.（但是令人窘迫的丑闻以及在最近欧洲选举中所呈现的共和制的盛行都迫使他食言而退位。）
至于其余三个选项：[A] used to enjoy high public support（过去受到民众的高度支持）、[B] was unpopular among European royals（在欧洲皇室中不受欢迎）、[D] cased his relationship with his rivals（缓和了与对手的关系）在文章中都不曾提到。
22、Monarchs are kept as head of state in Europe mostly
[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status
[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality
[C] to give voters more public figures to look up to
[D] due to their everlasting political embodiment
答案：[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status
解析：从几个选项来看，题目问“在欧洲君主被保持为国家首脑”的原因或目的。根据阅读题型的命题规律，一般来说该题的答案定位应该是在接下来的第三段。而根据关键词head of state有又可进一度确定为第三段。第三段中，第一句讲It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs continuing popularity as heads of states.（正是这种显然的政治优越性才能解释君主为什么能持续广泛地担任国家首脑。）这种优越性指的就是上面的monarchs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody”
a spirit of national unity（君主能超越单纯的政治而成为国家统一的精神代表）。由此，
可以判断[D] due to their everlasting political embodiment（由于他们永恒的政治代表性）是错误的，因为文章明确说明“君主不再是单纯的政治代表”，除此之外，everlasting 也带有绝对性，因此可以首先排除。接下来第二句话讲的是欧洲的皇室之多，与题目无关。第三句But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.(但是不像海湾地区和亚洲绝对专制的君主，在欧洲大多数皇室都存活下来，因为他们让选民不用历经磨难就可找到一个不受争议而备受尊重的公众人物。)其实意思也就是说大多数的欧洲皇室都是不受争议而备受尊重的，这正进一步解释了他们为什么能持续担任国家首脑，也就是[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status。这里，undoubted= non-controversial，respectable= respected。此外，[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality、[C] to give voters more public figures to look up to都是目的，而文章里面并没有提到目的，因此可以排除。
23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?
[A] Aristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealth.
[B] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.
[C] The role of the nobility in modern democracies.
[D] The nobility’s adherence to their privileges.
答案：[C] The role of the nobility in modern democracies.
解析：根据题干，可得：答案定位在第四段；题目问“下面哪个是怪异的？”。在第四段中并没有odd这个单词，那么可以退而求其次找具有“怪异的”意思的单词。由此，可以找到bizarre（怪异的）。整句话At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.（有段时间托马斯?品克以及其他经济学家一直在向人们警示遗传性财产的愈加不公平以及越来越大的权力，但是很怪异的却是这些富有的贵族家庭竟然仍是现代民主国家的象征性核心。）由此，可得出[C] The role of the nobility in modern democracies.（在现代民主中贵族的角色）是该题的答案。其余三个都属干扰选项。
24. The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles
[A] takes a tough line on political issues.
[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised.
[C] takes republicans as his potential allies.
[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role.
答案：[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role.
解析：由题干的“have most to fear”以及Charles这两个关键词可将答案定位到文章的最后两段。题目问的是“英国皇室最害怕如西班牙国王那般”的原因，而题干中也给出线索是因为查尔斯怎么样。通过Charles可定位到句子The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service—as non-controversial and non-political heads of state.（危险来自于查尔斯王子，他既生活奢侈又坚持保有非常贵族的世界观，而没能认识到君主之所以能存活是因为他们提供了一种服务——作为不受争议且不具政治性的国家首脑。）这种首脑的代表就是查尔斯的母亲——伊丽莎白二世女王，段中提到It is only the Queen who
has preserved the monarchy reputation with her rather ordinary granny style.（只有女王通过她平易近人的奶奶形象维护了君主制的声誉），其实也就是暗指作为皇室其他成员的查尔斯王子没有做到这一点。通过对比查尔斯与女王以及列举查尔斯“生活奢侈又坚持保有非常贵族的世界观”，意在说明查尔斯作为未来的英国国王还没有做好准备、进入角色，也就是[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role.其余三个选项在文章中并没有提及，属干扰选项。
25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?
[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined
[B] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs
[C] Charles, Slow to React to the Coming Threats
[D] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne
答案：[B] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs
解析：本题属主旨题。全文通过西班牙国王退位事件来引入话题，全文大部分篇幅都讨论了欧洲君主制是否会走向失败这一论题，并解释了君主制的优劣。只是在最后两段中才将此话题切到了君主制在现实中的体现及问题，作为《卫报》文章，讨论的当然就是英国君主制了。但是这并不是全文的主要内容，因此选项中可排除C、D选项。剩下A、B选项中，卡洛斯国王退位事件只是用来引入话题，并非全文都在讨论这个国王本身，因此可排除A选项。因此答案为B，文章主讲退位事件对欧洲其他皇室及君主的影响。
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