张汉熙《高级英语(2)》(修订本)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】(1-5章)【圣

Unit1

一、词汇短语

1.hurricane[]n.a severe tropical cyclone usually with heavy rains

and winds moving a73-136knots飓风

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6a7154582.html,sh[]vt.strike against with force or violence猛烈打击：The sleet is lashing

the roof.雨夹雪击打着屋顶。

3.pummel[]v.（用拳头连续）击打：The child pummeled his mother

angrily as she carry him home.那孩子因其母带他回家而生气地捶打着母亲。

4.reluctant[]adj.unwilling;disinclined不愿意的，勉强的：He

was very reluctant to go away.他很不愿意离去。其名词形式为reluctance。

5.abandon[]vt.a）leave someone who needs or counts on you;

leave in the lurch放弃，抛弃：abandon a friend in trouble抛弃处于危难中

的朋友；b）to give up by leaving or ceasing to operate or inhabit,

especially as a result of danger or other impending threat离弃，丢弃：

abandon the ship弃船

6.course[]n.a mode of action or behavior品行，行为

7.demolish[]vt.to do away with completely;put an end to毁坏，

破坏：The fire demolished the town.大火烧毁了这座城镇。

8.motel[]n.a hotel for people who are traveling by car,where you

can park your car outside your room汽车旅馆

9.gruff[]adj.hoarse;harsh粗糙的，粗哑的：a gruff voice粗哑的嗓音

10.batten[]vt.to furnish,fasten,or secure with battens用压条固定

11.methodically[]adv.orderly and systematically有条

理地，有秩序地：He methodically and placidly devoured a loaf of

bread.他有条不紊，不动声色地把一整只面包都吃光了。

12.main[]n.the principal pipe in a system for conveying water,gas,oil,or

other utility（自来水、煤气、石油等的）总管道，干线：gas main煤气总管13.bathtub[]n.a relatively large open container that you fill with

water and use to wash the body浴缸，澡盆

14.generator[]n.a machine that produces electricity发电

机，发动机

15.scud[]vi.to run or skim along swiftly and easily飞奔，疾行，掠过：Dark

clouds are scudding by.乌云滚滚而来。

16.mattress[]n.a usually rectangular pad of heavy cloth filled with

soft material床垫，褥子

17.pane[]n.one of the glass-filled divisions of a window or door窗格玻璃

18.disintegrate[]vt.to become reduced to

components,fragments,or particles分解，分裂，碎裂：disintegrate the

enemy troops瓦解敌军

19.blast[]n.a sudden strong movement of wind or air强风，阵风：A

blast of hot air came from the furnace一股热风从火炉里吹出来。

20.douse[]vt.to plunge into liquid;immerse浸泡，使浸透：As a joke,they

douse him with a bucket of water.他们开玩笑，把一桶水泼到他身上了。21.brigade[]n.a group of persons organized for a specific

purpose执行特定任务的队伍

22.scramble[]vi.to move or climb hurriedly,especially on the

hands and knees攀爬，爬：scramble up a steep hillside爬上陡峭的山坡23.litter[]n.the offspring produced at one birth by a multifarious

mammal幼仔，一胎生下的小动物

24.shudder[]vi.to shiver convulsively,as from fear or revulsion战栗，颤

抖：I shudder to think what might happen.我想到可能发生的事而战栗。25.ferocity[]n.the state or quality of being ferocious;fierceness

凶恶，残忍，暴行：The rebellion was put down with utmost ferocity.起义

遭到了残酷镇压。

26.swipe[]n.a sweeping blow or stroke猛击，重击：She made a swipe at

the mosquito.她挥臂打蚊子。

27.maroon[]vt.to put ashore on a deserted island or coast and

intentionally abandon把……放逐到孤岛，（因洪水等）使孤立：During the

storm we were marooned in a cabin miles from town.在风暴中我们被围困

在离城数英里的小屋内。

28.devastate[]vt.to lay waste;destroy使荒芜，破坏：A long

war devastated Europe.长期的战争破坏了欧洲。[扩展]devastation n.毁坏，

破坏/devastating adj.破坏性的，毁灭性的/devastator n.蹂躏者，劫掠者29.swath[]n.the width of a scythe stroke or a mowing-machine blade

刈幅（挥动镰刀所及的面积）：The storm cut a wide swath through the town.

暴风雨席卷全城，造成很大的破坏。

30.crack[]v.a）to break or snap apart断裂，折断：The mirror cracked.镜

子破裂了。b）to cause to break without complete separation of parts使裂

开：crack the glass敲碎玻璃

31.snap[]vi.to break suddenly with a brisk,sharp,cracking sound突然折

断，啪的一声折断：A branch snapped off the tree in the wind.大风中一条树

枝啪地从树上断落。

32.vacationer[]n.a person taking a vacation,esp.one

who is traveling or at a resort度假者，休假者

33.gigantic[]adj.very large or extensive巨大的，庞大的：

He made a last gigantic effort.他做了最后一次巨大的努力。

34.huddle[]vi.to crowd together,as from cold or fear挤在一起：They

huddled together for warmth.他们挤成一团取暖。

35.slashing[]adj.severe;merciless,violent严厉的，猛烈的：a slashing

criticism严厉的批评

36.implore[]vt.to appeal to in supplication;beseech恳求，哀求：

implore sb.for mercy恳求某人怜悯

37.bar[]n.a vertical line dividing a staff into equal measures;a

measure小节线（把五线谱分成相等节拍的竖线）；小节

38.trail[]vi.to become gradually fainter;dwindle减弱，减小：His voice

trailed off in confusion.困惑中他的声音逐渐变小

39.debris[]n.a rough,broken bit and piece of a stone,wood,glass,

etc.as after destruction;rubble碎片，瓦砾：After the bombing there was a

lot of debris everywhere.轰炸过后到处是一片残骸。

40.sanctuary[]n.a place of refuge or asylum避难所，躲避处：

The fleeing rebels found a sanctuary in the nearby church.正在逃窜的反

叛分子在附近的教堂里避难。

41.cedar[]n.any of several Old World evergreen coniferous trees of

the genus Cedrus,having stiff needles on short shoots and large,erect

seed cones with broad deciduous scales雪松

42.extinguish[]vt.to put out（a fire,for example）;quench

熄灭，扑灭：extinguish a fire灭火

43.waver[]vi.a）to move unsteadily back and forth摇晃，摇曳；b）to

become unsteady or unsure;falter动摇：His resolve began to waver.他的

决心开始动摇了。

44.topple[]vi.to lean over as if about to fall倾倒，摇摇欲坠：The house

threatened to topple over.房子有倒塌的危险。

45.lean-to[]n.a roof with a single slope,its upper edge abutting

a wall or building;a shed with a one-slope roof单披屋顶

46.prop[]vt.to support by placing something beneath or against;shore

up支撑，维持：We should prop up the fence.我们应该用东西支撑住这栅栏。

47.tilt[]vt.to slope;incline倾斜，倾倒：tilt a soup bowl把汤碗倾斜

48.cower[]vi.crouch or huddle up,as from fear or cold（因害怕或寒冷而）

蜷缩，退缩：The dog cowered under the table when his master raised the

whip.主人举起鞭子时，狗蜷缩在桌子下边。

49.slant[]v.to give a direction other than perpendicular or horizontal

to;make diagonal;cause to slope（使）倾斜，歪向

50.hinge[]n.a joint that holds two parts together so that one can swing

relative to the other铰链，折叶

51.diminish[]vt.to make smaller or less or to cause to appear so

减少，逐渐减小：diminish the cost of production减小生产成本

52.thrust[]n.a forceful shove or push猛推：He thrust his hands into his

trouser pockets.他把双手插在裤子的口袋里。

53.strew[]vt.to spread here and there;scatter撒布，散播；被撒满（表面）：

Autumn leaves strewed the lawn.草地上撒满了秋叶。

54.festoon[]vt.to decorate with or as if with festoons;hang

festoons on结彩，用花彩装饰：a square festooned with electric lights张

灯结彩的广场

55.coil[]v.to wind in concentric rings or spirals盘绕，卷

56.spaghetti[]n.a pasta made into long solid strings and cooked by boiling实心面条

57.salvation[]n.preservation or deliverance from destruction,

difficulty,or evil救助，解救：Government loans have been the salvation

of several shaky business companies.政府贷款挽救了几家濒临倒闭的公司。

58.canteen[]n.a temporary or mobile eating place,especially

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