全国高等教育自学考试英汉翻译教程真题

全国2008年7月高等教育自学考试

英语翻译试题

I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)

1. The image of a sudden wall of dark water carrying the man and his car away in an instant is still imprinted on my mind.

A. 突然浑浊的雨水像一面墙一样压了下来，一下子就连人带车都冲走了。这情景直到现在还印在我的脑海里。

B. 突然浑浊的雨水像一面墙一样压了下来，一下子就连人带车都冲走了的情景直到现在还印在我的脑海里。

C. 突然浑浊的雨水像一面墙一下子就连人带车都冲走了。这情景直到现在还印在我的脑海里。

D. 突然浑浊的雨水像一面墙一下子就连人带车都冲走了的情景直到现在还印在我的脑海里。

2. He occasionally gave a smart nod, as if in confirmation of some opinion, though he was not thinking of anything in particular.

A. 待一会儿他就轻快地把头一点，好象是对某一个意见表示赞成似的，其实他心里头可并没。

B. 待一会儿他就轻快地把头一点，好象是对某一个意见表示赞成似的，其实他心里头可并没想什么特别的事儿。

C. 待一会儿他就轻快地把头一点，好象是肯定了某一个意见，其实他心里头可并没。

D. 待一会儿他就轻快地把头一点，好象是肯定了某一个意见，其实他心里头可并没想什么特别的事儿。

3. In the winter of wet years the streams ran full-freshet, and they swelled the river until sometimes it raged and boiled, bank full, and then it was a destroyer.

A. 在多雨的年份，冬天水流充沛，引起河面暴涨，直到有时候汹涌翻腾，泛滥两岸，它就成了祸害。

B. 在多雨的年份，冬天水流充沛，引起河面暴涨，直到有时候汹涌翻腾，泛滥两岸，就成了祸害。

C. 在多雨的年份，冬天水流充沛，引起河面暴涨，有时候汹涌翻腾，泛滥两岸，就成了祸害。

D. 在多雨的年份，冬天水流充沛，引起河面暴涨，河有时候汹涌翻腾，泛滥两岸，就成了祸害。

4. When the whale is killed, the blubber is stripped off and boiled down, either on board ship or on shore.

A. 鲸鱼被杀死之后，鲸脂被剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行，有的是在岸上进行的。

B. 鲸鱼杀死之后，鲸脂剥下来被熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行，有的是在岸上进行的。

C. 鲸鱼杀死之后，把鲸脂剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行，有的是在岸上进行的。

D. 鲸鱼被杀死之后，把鲸脂剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行，有的是在岸上进行的。

5. While we cannot close the gulf between us, we can try to bridge it so that we may be able to talk across it.

A. 虽然我们不能缩短双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。

B. 在我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟的同时，我们能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。

C. 既然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们就能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。

D. 虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。

6. 我最恨那些欺名盗世、欺骗读者的谎言。

A. That I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.

B. Whatever I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.

C. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers they deceive the public with their lies.

D. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.

7. 虽然还没有中国共产党，但是已经有了大批的赞成俄国革命的具有初步共产主义思想的知识分子。

A. Although the Communist Party of China had not yet come into existence, but there were already large numbers of intellectuals who approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments of communist ideology.

B. Although the Communist Party of China had not yet come into existence, there were already large numbers of intellectuals who approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments of communist ideology.

C. Although the Communist Party of China had not yet come into existence, there were already large numbers of intellectuals they approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments of communist ideology.

D. Although the Communist Party of China had not yet come into existence, there were already large numbers of intellectuals whom approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments of communist ideology.

8. 北海公园原是历代封建帝王的“御花园”，总面积共有68.2公顷。

A. Bei Hai (North Lake) Park, covers an area of 68.2 hectares, was the imperial garden in the feudal dynasties.

B. Bei Hai (North Lake) Park, covers an area of 68.2 hectares, being the imperial garden in the feudal dynasties.

C. Bei Hai (North Lake) Park, covering an area of 68.2 hectares, which was the imperial garden in the feudal dynasties.

D. Bei Hai (North Lake) Park, covering an area of 68.2 hectares, was the imperial garden in the feudal dynasties.

9. 中国山区面积占国土总面积的70%。

A. Mountainous areas account for 70 percent of China’s total territory.

B. Mountainous areas account of 70 percent of China’s total territory.

C. Mounta inous areas count for 70 percent of China’s total territory.

D. Mountainous areas count of 70 percent of China’s total territory.

10. 鼓励合营企业向中国境外销售产品。

A. An equity joint venture shall encourage to market its products outside China.

B. An equity joint venture shall encourage its products sold outside China.

C. An equity joint venture shall be encouraged to market its products outside China.

D. An equity joint venture shall be encouraged to market its products over China.

B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement.

11. 著名的“信、达、雅”翻译标准是我国近代翻译家______提出来的。

A. 林纾

B. 周煦良

C. 钱钟书

D. 严复

12. 关于语序的论述，下列说法中正确的是______。

A. 英语有时态，可以通过动词的变化显出动作发生的先后顺序，而且英语大量使用分词和从句；而汉语叙事多靠并列结构，依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是时间顺序和逻辑顺序。

B. 英语叙事多靠并列结构，依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是时间顺序和逻辑顺序；而汉语有时态，可以通过动词的变化显出动作发生的先后顺序，而且英语大量使用分词和从句。

C. 英语有时态，可以通过时间顺序和逻辑顺序显出动作发生的先后顺序，而且英语大量使用分词和从句；而汉语叙事多靠并列结构，依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是动词的使用。

D. 英语有时态，可以通过并列结构，依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是动词的使用显出动作发生的先后顺序，而且英语大量使用分词和从句；而汉语叙事多靠时间顺序和逻辑顺序。

13. 傅雷的翻译主张是______。

A. 重形似不重神似

B. 既重形似也重神似

C. 重神似不重形似

D. 既不重形似也不重神似

14. 下面关于Saint Jerome的翻译观点，正确的是______。

A. I have always aimed at translating sense, not words.

B. I have always aimed at translating words, not sense.

C. I have always aimed at translating both sense and words.

D. I have always aimed at translating neither sense nor words.

15. 原文：“I have seventy-two grandchildren, and if I were sad each time I parted from one of them, I should have a dismal existence!”“Madre snaturale,”he replied.

译文：“我的孙子孙女有七十二个，要是每离开一个都要难过，我的生活可就太痛苦了。”听了这话，老先生竟说，“这个做母亲的真怪呀！”

本句中画线部分运用的主要翻译方法是：______.

A. 反译

B. 减词

C. 增词

D. 省略

II. Words and phrases translation（20 points，1 point for each）

A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.

16. VIP 17. arteries of communication 18. annual flood 19. global economy

20. maternal grandmother 21. Gone with the Wind 22. in one’s early teens

23. the Arctic Ocean 24. to enact legislation 25. magnificent dinner

B. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.

26. 大思想家27. 第一次世界大战28. 文物29. 宜农荒地30. 儿童文学

31. 初冬32. 中国大戏院33. 可持续发展战略34. 平等互利原则35. 归根到底III. Translation Revision（20 points，2 points for each）

A. Directions: Each of the following translated sentences is inadequate. Revise the given versions. Example:原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.

译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。

改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。

36. 原文：The school education at the time could only dull an inventive mind.

译文：当时的学校教育只能让创造的心灵愚钝。

37. 原文：On behalf of all of your American guests, I wish to thank you for the incomparable

hospitality.

译文：代表你们的所有美国客人，我向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。

38. 原文：When he had climbed the hill above the field he looked back. He could see the white shapes of the girls dancing on the grass.

译文：只要他爬上小山，就回头向下看。似乎能看到姑娘们的白色身影在草地上舞动。39. 原文：The liver oil is given to those people who need certain vitamins.

译文：鱼肝油是给那些缺乏维生素的人服用的。

40. 原文：More than eight years have passed since Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping and I joined hands to establish full diplomatic relations between our two nations.

译文：自从邓小平副总理和我共同建立我们两国之间的圆满外交关系以来，已经八年多了。

B. Directions: Each of the following translated sentences is inadequate. Revise the given versions. Example:

原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。

译文：At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons.

改译：At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.

41. 原文：孟母靠织布来维持生计。

译文：Meng’s mother lived on weaving.

42. 原文：祈年殿于1545年改建为一座镏金宝顶的三重檐圆殿。

译文：The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest was rebuilt into round-shaped hall with triple eaves and gilded ball on the top in 1545.

43. 原文：我坐在宫门台阶上，欣赏宫门口那一座大花坛，花坛里栽的是红、黄、白、紫四色分明的盛开的郁金香。

译文：I sat on the steps at the entrance of the palace, enjoying the big flower beds near the gate filled with blooming tulips of distinctive red, yellow, white and purple.

44. 原文：我从头到脚淋成个落汤鸡了。

译文：I was drenched from head to foot like a wet chick.

45. 原文：合营企业的一切活动应遵守中华人民共和国法律，法令和有关条例规定。

译文：All activities of a joint venture should comply with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.

IV. Paragraph Translation (30 points)

A. Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15 points)

46. President Clinton realized — as all of us must —that today’s economy is global. We live in an era in which information, goods and capital speed around the globe, every hour of every day. Whether we like it or not, all of our fortunes are tied together. We are truly interdependent.

America supports international trade because we believe fundamentally that trade will enrich those nations who embrace its discipline. The great promise of trade is its potential to promote mutual prosperity —and to strengthen the bonds between sovereign nations.

The U. S. and China both demonstrate the potential of trade to improve the lives of our people. You know better than I the great achievements of the Chinese economy over the past two decades.

B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (15 points)

47. 生命中不是只有快乐，也不是只有痛苦，快乐和痛苦是相生相成，互相衬托的。

快乐是一抹微云，痛苦是压城的乌云，这不同的云彩，在你生命的天边重叠着，在“夕阳无限好”的时候，就给你造成一个美丽的黄昏。

一个生命到了“只是近黄昏”的时节，落霞也许会使人留恋，惆怅。但人类的生命是永不止息的。地球不停地绕着太阳自转。

全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试

1. If machines really thought as men do, there would be no more reason to fear them than to fear men.A. 如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么怕它们的理由就没有比怕人的理由多。

B. 如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么就没有理由怕它们，正如没有理由怕人一样。

C. 如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么怕人的理由就没有比怕它们的理由多。

D. 如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么就没有理由怕人，正如没有理由怕它们一样。

2. James Bringley of Straffordshire started his self-made career in 1733 by working at mill wheels, at the age of 17, having been born poor in a village.

A. 1733年，斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷就在磨坊工作。因为他出身于一个贫困的农村家庭，17岁那年，他便开始了自我奋斗的历程。

B. 斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷1733年就开始了自我奋斗的历程。因为出生在一个贫困的农村家庭，17岁那年，他就在磨坊工作。

C. 斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷，出生在一个贫困的农村家庭，1733年，在他17岁时，靠改良磨坊的水车轮，便开始了自我奋斗的历程。

D. 1733年，斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷，在他17岁时，靠改良磨坊的水车轮，便开始了自我奋斗的历程，他出生在一个贫困的农村家庭。

3. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science.

A. 然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于科学的两个不同方面。

B. 然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于两个不同的科学方面。

C. 然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于不同科学的两个方面。

D. 然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于不同的两个科学方面。

4. But there have been negative effects also, standing on a sandy beach at the mouth of the Rosetta branch of the Nile, I was puzzled by what seemed a ghost town.

A. 但是也有不良的后果。站在洛塞塔河口的沙滩上——尼罗河的一个支流，仿佛我看见了一座鬼城，令人毛骨悚然。

B. 但是也有不良的后果。洛塞塔河是尼罗河的一个支流，我站在河口的沙滩上，仿佛看见了一座鬼城，令人毛骨悚然。

C. 但是也有不良的后果。站在洛塞塔河口的沙滩上——尼罗河的一个支流，我仿佛看见了一个被人遗弃的小镇，感到迷惑不解。

D. 但是也有不良的后果。洛塞塔河是尼罗河的一个支流，我站在河口的沙滩上，看见了一个仿佛被人遗弃的小镇，感到迷惑不解。

5. Secondly, we embarked on a reasoned policy to ensure steady economic growth, the modernization of industry, and a proper balance between public and private expenditure.

A. 第二，我们采取了深思熟虑的政策，以保证经济的稳步发展、工业的现代化以及公私支出之间的适当平衡。

B. 第二，我们采取了合情合理的政策，以保证经济的稳步发展、工业的现代化以及公私支出之间的适当平衡。

C. 第二，我们采取了理智通达的政策，以保证经济的稳步发展、工业的现代化以及公私支出之间的适当平衡。

D. 第二，我们采取了明事晓理的政策，以保证经济的稳步发展、工业的现代化以及公私支出之间的适当平衡。

6. 一切文学家、艺术家只有联系群众，表现群众，把自己当作群众忠实的代言人，他们的工作才有意义。

Which of the following translation versions is NOT correct?

A. No writers or artists can do any significant work unless they are closely linked with the masses, give expressions to their thoughts and feelings, and serve them as loyal spokesmen.

B. All writers and artists only link with masses, express masses and speak loyally for masses, their work can be significant.

C. Only by being closely linked with masses, expressing their thoughts and feelings and serving them as loyal spokesmen can writers and artists do any significant work.

D. Writers or artists can’t do any significant work if they are not closely linked with masses, portrait them or serve them as loyal spokesmen.

7. 合营者的注册资本如果转让必须经合营各方同意。

A. In case any of the joint venturers wishes to assign his registered capital, he must obtain the consent of the other partners.

B. The registered capital if assigned must be agreed by all the partners to the venture.

C. In ease the registered capital of the joint venturers wishes to be assigned, it must obtain the consent of the other partners.

D. The registered capital if assigning must be agreed by all the partners to the venture.

8. 在不断增加粮食生产的基础上，河南省的农民正在进一步发展多种经济。

A. On the basis of steadily developing grain production, farmers in Henan Province are further diversifying their economy.

B. Based on steadily developing grain production, farmers in Henan Province are further diversifying their economy.

C. As steadily developing grain production, farmers in Henan Province are further expanding their diversified economy.

D. Like steadily developing grain production, farmers in Henan Province are further expanding their diversified economy.

9. 人们跑来跑去，显然发生了不寻常的事情。

A. People ran back and forth, obviously, something unusual had happened.

B. People were running back and forth. Obviously, something unusual had happened.

C. People were running back and forth. Obviously, something unusual had been happened.

D. People ran back and forth, obviously, something unusual had been happened.

10. 昨晚上她发高烧，一会儿热，一会儿冷!脸上红得像抹了胭脂。

A. Last night, she ran a fever, burning hot one moment and icy cold the next. Face as red as rouge.

B. Last night, she ran a fever, sometimes hot and sometimes cold. Her face was as red as if she put some rouge on it.

C. Last night, she ran a fever, burning hot one moment and icy cold the next. Her face was as red as if she put some rouge on it.

D. Last night, she ran a fever, sometimes hot and sometimes cold. Face as red as rouge.

B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement. (Please write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet. )

11. ______认为，“凡是翻译，必须兼顾着两面，一当然力求其易解，一则保存着原作的丰姿。”

A.瞿秋白

B.赵景深

C.鲁迅

D.郭沫若

12. 用严复提出的标准来衡量他译的《天演论》，可以看出他对______十分重视，但对______并不十分重视。

A.“信”……“雅”

B.“雅”……“信”

C.“信”……“达”

D.“雅”……“达”

13. According to Eugene A. Nida and Charles R. Taber, “if all languages differ in form, then quite naturally the forms must be altered if one is to preserve the______.”

A. literal meaning

B. content

C. contextual meaning

D. construction

14. 王佐良在《翻译中的文化比较》一文中谈及了译者的“文化意识”问题。他认为翻译者必须______。

A. “是一个真正意义上的文化人”

B. “养成认真负责、谦虚谨慎的学风”

C. 具有逻辑分析这张“王牌”

D. 注意由于中西思维方式不同而造成的英汉语言的各种差异

15. 原文：绝对不许违反这个原则。

译文：No violation of this principle can be tolerated.

对原文中的黑体部分，此句的译者采用的主要翻译技巧是______。

A.减词

B.从抽象到具体

C.词类转换

D.从具体到抽象

Ⅱ. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)

A. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into Chinese. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)

16. exclusive right 17. A1-Qaeda 18. livestock raiser 19. epicenter 20. bear market

21. arable land 22. CPI 23. historic sites 24. bull’s-eye 25. urban dweller

B. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into English. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)

26.文学界27.节能减排28.火炬接力29.一项长期的战略任务30.法律咨询31.反腐败32.畅销书33.自然资源34.海峡两岸关系35.双赢

Ⅲ. Translation Revision (20 points, 2 points for each)

A. Directions: Correct or improve the translation of the following sentences. (Please write your revised translation on the answer sheet.)

Example:原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.

译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。

改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。

36. 原文：It’s true that many new homes are rising in many old cornfields. But for the most part, life in the vast area of American heartland remains pretty much the same as it was 30 or 40 years ago.

译文：诚然，往昔的玉米地里矗立起一座座住宅。但大体上，美国中部广大地区的生活依然很美好，恰如三四十年前一样。

37. 原文：The importance of this conference cannot be overestimated.

译文：这次会议的重要性不能被过分强调。

38. 原文：While digging in the hills, some settlers perceived the region’s farming and stock-raising possibilities.

译文：在山区采矿的同时，有些移民已经看到这些地区的农业和畜牧业的可能性。39. 原文：The annual total of telephone calls between UK and Canada has increased seven

自考英汉翻译教程重点-推荐下载

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自考英汉翻译教程词汇整理

Unit 1 lesson 1 1. fellow countrymen 同胞 2. average height 中等身材 3. gleaming eyes 闪光的眼睛 4. in his middle twenties 二十多岁 5. to be seated 招呼坐下 6. stand squarely 端正正地站着 7. more than ten years his junior 比她年轻十几岁 8. revolutionary road 革命道路 9. Chinese communist Party中共 10. full member 正式成员 11. membership 党籍 12. keep a secret 保密 Lesson 2 1. immeasurable contrast 迥然不同 2. to and fro 走来走去 3. upturn face 仰着脸 4. sweet spring 芬芳的春天 5. anger and bitterness 又气愤又苦恼 6. dense fog 大雾 7. tense and anxious 紧张而焦急

8. 五一的下午on the afternoon of May 1st 9. 无言的呼唤wordless cry 10. 探测绳sounding-line Lesson 3 1. 各种流派的different schools 2. 前两天a few days ago 3. 受限制be restricted/be subjected to 4. 传统观念traditional thinking 5. 不合理的制度irrational system 6. 最高境界the highest state 7. 浓妆艳抹heavy make up 8主人公chief character/principal character 9. 花言巧语flowery language 10.社会进步人性发展social progress and human development Unit 2 Lesson 4 1. 工业革命Industrial Revolution 2. 多功能的机器multi-purpose machine 3. 出于自愿和兴趣on one’s own account, out of interest 4. 新兴城市the rising town

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Beidaihe Seaside Resort The Beidaihe Seaside Resort, a famous summer resort in China, lies 15 kilometers southwest of Qinghuangdao. With the Bohai Sea to its south and the Lianfeng Mountains to its north, the resort enjoys a long coastline, fine beaches and a calm sea, ideal for bathing. Moreover, the weather at the seaside is mild all the year round with the temperature in the hottest month averaging only 23°C. The sea wind by day and the land breeze by night make the place a best summer vacationland. The natural charm of Beidaihe is breathtaking. The East and West Lianfeng Mountains with their luxurious pines and cypresses and grotesque rocks extend far into the distance. In front of the mountains lies a vast expense of ocean stretching to the horizon while beautiful villas and buildings dot the green landscape. On the East Lianfeng Mountain, a rock looks just like a lotus flower, and two other rocks on the West Lianfeng Mountain, standing face to face, resemble two persons having a conversation. Meng Jiangnu Temple Meng Jiangnu Temple, 6.5 kilometers to the east of Shanhaiguan Pass, was first built in 1594, the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli of the Ming Dynasty. Legend has it that the husband of a women named Meng Jiangnu was sent to work on the Great Wall. To bring him winter clothes, Meng Jiangnu came to Shanghaiguan Pass from thousands of miles away. When she was told that her husband had died at work, she cried her heart out. Her tears of anguish bust the Great Wall and she jumped into the sea and died. Later, a temple was built in memory of her. It stands on the top of a hill, with stone steps leading to it. There are two halls in the temple. In the front hall stands the clay statue of Meng Jiangnu in plain white clothes, facing the sea with a sorrow look. In the rear hall is the statue of the Goddess of Mercy. Behind the hall is the “Rock of Waiting for the Husband”, the marks on which are said to be Meng Jiangnu’s footp rints. Nearby stands her Dressing Pavilion. Beijing-Toronto Hotel/Jinglun Hotel Beijing-Toronto is located on Jiangguomenwai Avenue, downtown Beijing, in the vicinity of the embassy quarters, Friendship Store and a number of major commercial buildings, with the world-famous Tian An Men Square only ten minutes away. Beijing-Toronto has 659 spacious rooms and suites, with wide comfortable beds. They are all equipped with modern facilities such as central air-conditioning, color TV with satellite transmitted programs, IDD and DDD calls and mini-bars, meeting international standards. In our room, one cannot help but feel cozy, comfortable and satisfied.

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