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词类转换翻译法练习

词类转换翻译法练习
词类转换翻译法练习

词类转换翻译法练习

转译成动词

1.Rockets have found application for the explorati on of the uni verse.

2.In China, there is a lot of emphasis on politeness. ______________

3. A careful study of the original text will give you a better tran slatio n.

4.The sight and sound of our jet planes filled mewith special longing.

5.He is a good singe _______

6.Those small factories are also lavish con sumer and waster of raw _________ materials.

7.You must be tired. Why don ' t you take a rest?

8.I am an xious about his health.

9.Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life.

10.Scie ntists are con fide nt that all matter is

in destructible.

11.She ope ned the win dow to let fresh air in. _

12.After careful inv estigati on they found the desig n beh ind.

转译成名词

13.This kind of behavior characterizes the crim inal mi nd.

14.To them, he personified the absolute power.

15.Our age is wit ness ing a profo und political cha nge.

16.Most U.S. spy satellites are desig ned to burn up in the earth ' s atmosphere after completing their missions.

17.He was treated very shabbily by the press duri ng this period.

18.I was en couraged by our preside nt.

19.They did their best to help the sick and the wounded. _____________________

20.Both compo unds are acids, the former is strong and the ___ latter is weak.

21.He was eloque nt and elega nt ____________ —but soft.

22.His whole family were religious. ______________ 转译成形容词

23.This issue is of vital importa nee. _____________

24.The pallor of her face in dicated clearly how she was

feeli ng at the mome nt.

25.Our performanee was a success. _____________

26.Independent thinking is _an absolute necessity in study.

其它词类转译

形容词与副词的互相转译

27.We must make full use of existi ng tech ni cal equipme nt.

28.This is sheer nonsense.

29.This film impressed him deeply. ______________

30.The Preside nt had prepared meticulously for his journ ey.

名词与副词的互相转译

31.Whe n he catches a glimpse of a pote ntial an tag oni st, his in sti net is to win him over with charm and humor.

32.The new mayor earned some appreciatio n by the courtesy ____________________ of coming to visit the city poor.

33.It is officially announced that Chi na has successfully

laun ched her fist manned spaceship.

34.He is physically weak but me ntally sound. _________

参考答案:

一、转译成动词

1?火箭已经用来探索宇宙。

2?在中国,人们非常注重讲礼貌。

3?仔细研究原文,你会翻译得更好。

4?看到我们的喷气式飞机,听见隆隆的机声,令我特别神往。

5?他唱歌唱得好。

6.那些小工厂还在极大的消耗和浪费原材料。

7.你一定很累了,为什么不休息一会呢?

8.我担心他的身体健康。

9.医生们说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。

10.科学家们都深信,所有的物质都是不灭的。

11.她把窗子打开,让新鲜空气进来。

12.经过仔细研究之后,他们发现这个设计落后厶二、转译成名词

13.这种举止是罪犯的心理特征。

14.在他们看来,他就是绝对权威的化身。

15.我们的时代是深刻政治变革的见证。

16.美国绝大多数间谍卫星,按其设计」在完成使命后,在大气层中焚毁

17.在这期间,他受到了新闻界极不公正的对待。

18.我得到了校长的鼓励。

19.他们尽了最大的努力帮助病号和伤员。

2 0 .这两种都是酸。前者是强酸,后者是弱酸。

2 1 ?他有口才、有风度,但性格软弱。

2 2 .他全家都是虔诚的教徒。

三、转译成形容词

2 3.这个问题至关重要。

2 4?她苍白的脸色清楚地表明了她那时的情绪

2 5 ?我们的演出很成功。

2 6 ?独立思考对学习是绝对必需的。

四、其它词类转译

(一)形容词与副词的互相转译

2 7?我们必须充分利用现有的技术设备。

2 8 ?这完全是胡说/比较:这是一派胡言。

29 ?这部电影给了他深刻的印象。

30 ?总统为这次出访作了十分周密的准备。

(二)名词与副词的互相转译

3 1.只要一发现有可能反对他的人,他就本能地要用他的魅力和风趣将这人争取过来。

3 2 ?新市长有礼貌地前来访问城市贫民,获得了他们的一些好感。

3 3 ?官方宣布,中国已经成功的实现了载人航天。

3 4?他身体虽弱,但思想健康。

汉英翻译中的词类转换

英语知识 在汉英翻译中可进行各种词类的转换,例如:汉语动词转换成英语名词、形容词、介词;汉语形容词或副词转换成英语名词;汉语名词转换成英语动词等等。其中,汉语动词转换成英语抽象名词尤为普遍。高校常用的翻译教材,如张培基、吕瑞昌、冯庆华等编撰的翻译教材均将这种转换列在第一位。请看以下各例: 例1.中国政府承诺不对无核国家使用核武器。 如不注意词性转换,译文可能是: The Chinese government undertakes not to use (that it will not use) nuclear weapons against non-nuclear countries. 这种译文显得有些口语化,不够庄重。不如改用抽象名词non-use: The Chinese government undertakes non-use of nuclear weapons against non-nuclear countries. 例2.禁止任何叛国、分裂国家、煽动叛乱及窃取国家机密的行为。 译文一:To prohibit any act of treason, acts to split the country, incite rebellion and steal secrets. 译文二:To prohibit any act of treason, secession, sedition and theft of state secrets. 以上译文一使用split , incite, steal 等动词虽然语义正确,但似乎不够庄重。译文二使用抽象名词,因而显得文字严谨,适合正式法律条文的风格。 例3.技术引进合同应当订明下列事项:引进技术的保密义务,改进技术的归属和分享。 译文一:Provisions on the obligation to keep confidential the

词类转换翻译法练习

词类转换翻译法练习 转译成动词 1. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 2. In China, there is a lot of emphasis on politeness. 3. A careful study of the original text will give you a better translation. 4. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing. 5. He is a good singer. 6. Those small factories are also lavish consumer and waster of raw materials. 7. You must be tired. Why don’t you take a rest? 8. I am anxious about his health. 9. Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life. 10. Scientists are confident that all matter is indestructible. 11. She opened the window to let fresh air in. 12. After careful investigation they found the design behind. 转译成名词 13. This kind of behavior characterizes the criminal mind. 14. To them, he personified the absolute power. 15. Our age is witnessing a profound political change. 16. Most U.S. spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth’s atmosphere after completing their missions. 17. He was treated very shabbily by the press during this period. 18. I was encouraged by our president. 19. They did their best to help the sick and the wounded. 20. Both compounds are acids, the former is strong and the latter is weak. 21. He was eloquent and elegant—but soft. 22. His whole family were religious. 转译成形容词 23. This issue is of vital importance. 24. The pallor of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment. 25. Our performance was a success. 26. Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study. 其它词类转译 形容词与副词的互相转译 27. We must make full use of existing technical equipment.

词类转换(英语翻译技巧).

词类转换 英汉两种语言属于不同的语系,英语属于印欧语系,汉语属于汉藏语系。不同语系的语言,无论在词汇方面或在语法方面都有很大的差别。在科技英语翻译实践中,在很多情况下需要进行词类转换。所谓词类转换,是指把原文语言中的某一词类转移成汉语的另一词类而言。掌握翻译中的词类转换译法,就可使我们敢于脱离原文词类的限制,跳出原文词类的框框,用汉语的适当词类予以表达。 一,转换成汉语动词。 英语和汉语比较起来,汉语中动词用得比较多,这是一个特点,在英语句子中只用一个谓语动词,在汉语中却可以几个动词或动词性结构连用。在英语中不少词类在汉译时往往可以转译成动词。 1,名词转换成动词 英语中大量具有动作意义的名词和动词派生出来的名词往往可以译成动词。 With a click of a mouse, information from the other end of the globe will be transported to your computer screen at the dizzying speed of seven-and-a-half times around the earth per second. 只要一点鼠标,来自世界另一端的信息便会以每秒绕地球七周半的惊人速度传输到你的电脑屏幕上。 China’s first atomic blast in october 1964 was a great shock to the world. 1964年10月中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹,全球为之震惊。 Can artificial fibers be used as substitutes for natural fibers? 人造纤维能代替天然纤维吗? We must place stress on the prevention of disease.

词法翻译1——词性转换的运用

词法翻译1——词性转换的运用 1.事实胜于雄辩。 Facts speak louder than words. 2.眼见为实。 Seeing is believing. 3.不要怕犯错误。 Don't be afraid of making mistakes. 4.在中国,人们非常注重讲礼貌。 In China,people emphasize politeness much. 5.赞成还是反对我们的建议,请大家畅所欲言,表明立场。 Please everyone speaks up freely on whether you agree on our suggestion or not and states your stand. 6.独立思考对学习是绝对必需的。 Indendent thinking is absolutely needed for learning. 7.决不允许违反这个原则。 It is definitely not allowed to be contrary to this principle. 8.人口一直在不断增长。 The population increase continually all the time. 9.你赞成还是反对这项计划? Do you agree on this plan or not? 10.官方宣布,中国已经成功的实现了载人航天。 Declaring by the official,China has already accomplished the project of manned space flight. 11.就业形势不可避免地受金融危机的影响。 The situation of employment is unavoidably impacted by the financial crisis. 12.科学家对政治并不陌生。 Scientists are not unfamiliar with politics. 13.亚洲仍然是世界上最具经济活力的地区。 Economically,Asia is still the most dynamic region in the world 14.大幅削减税收有利于增加投资。 Slash tax in favor of investment promotion. 15.要想保护自然界,就要从根本上改变目前的生活方式。 Intending to protect the nature,changing the way of living fundamentally is needed.

词类转换翻译法

词类转换翻译法 在英译汉的过程中,有些句子可以逐词对译,有些句子则由于英汉两种语言的表达式不同,就不能逐词对译。原文中有些词在译文中需要转换词类,才能使汉语译文通顺自然。 一、名词的转译 1.英语名词转译成动词 由动词派生的名词,具有动词意思的名词,以结尾表示身份或职业的名词等,这些名词都可以转译成动词。 【例1】The remembrance of these will add zest to his life. ×对于这些事情的回想将会增添他生活的乐趣。 【译文】回想起这些事情,会给他的生活增添乐趣。 【例2】He looked on the Convention as a fair and faithful representation of the people. ×他认为这次大会是人民的公正忠实的代表。 【译文】他认为这次大会公正忠实地代表了人民。 【例3】Other governmental activities are the responsibilities of the individual states, which have their own constitutions and laws. ×其他政府活动则是各个州的责任,各州都有自己的宪法和法律。 【译文】其他政府职能则由各个州来承担,各州都有自己的宪法和法律。 【例4】The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing. 【译文】看到我们的喷气式飞机,听到隆隆的机声,我感到特别神往。 【例5】To my knowledge, some computers have gone missing. 【译文】据我所知,有几台计算机失踪了。 【例6】He was a good listener and they would like to talk with him. ×他是个好听众,所以他们喜欢同他谈话。 【译文】他善于听取别人意见,所以他们喜欢同他谈心。 1)由动词派生的名词转译成动词,在政论文体中出现比较多。 ·The government called for the establishment of more technical schools. 政府号召建立更多的技术学校。 ·Until 1972, all efforts by the two nations to curb the nuclear arms race had founded on one point: U.S. insistence on the right to make on-site inspections of the Soviet strategic arsenal and Russia’s refusal. 到一九七二年为止,美苏之间关于限制核军备竞赛的一切努力都在这一点上失败了:美国坚持有权视察苏方战略武器现场,而苏联则拒绝这样做。 ·Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已经被用来探索宇宙。 2) 含有动作意味的名词(在记叙、描写文体中出现较多)往往可以转译成动词。 ·Vietnamese War is a drain on American resources. 越南战争不断消耗着美国的资源。 ·A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument

常见的英语翻译中的词类转换

英语翻译词类转换:转译成名词(1) (一)形容词与副词的互相转译 1.英语名词译成汉语动词时,修饰该名词的形容词往往转译成汉语副词。如: 1)Occasionally a drizzle came down,and the intermittent flashes of lightening made us turn apprehensive glances toward Zero. 偶尔下一点毛毛雨,断断续续的闪电使得我们不时忧虑地朝着零区方向望去。 2)It was a clear and unemotional exposition of the President's reasons for willing to begin a Chinese-American dialogue. 这篇发言清楚明白、心平气和地说明了总统希望开始中美对话的原因。 2.英语动词译成汉语名词时,修饰该动词的副词往往转译成形容词。如: 1)He routinely radioed another agent on the ground. 他跟另一个地勤人员进行了例行的无线电联络。 2)The President had prepared meticulously for his journey. 总统为这次出访作了十分周密的准备。 3.由于英汉两种语言表达方式不同,还有一些英语形容词可译为汉语副词。如: 1)This is sheer nonsense.(这完全是胡说。) 2)Buckley was in a clear minority.(巴克利显然属于少数。) 3)By dialing the right number,you may be able to select a play,golf lesson or lecture in physics,from a pretaped library in a remote city,for showing on your home screen.只要拨对了号码,你就可以在家里电视机上选看到有远方城市一座图书馆发出的预先录制的一出戏、一堂打高尔夫球的讲课,或者一次物理学演讲。 (二)名词与副词的互相转译 1.名词转译成副词 1)When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist,his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor. 只要一发现有可能反对他的人,他就本能地要用他的魅力和风趣将这人争取过来。 2)The new mayor earned some appreciation by the courtesy of coming to visit the city poor. 新市长有礼貌地前来访问城市贫民,获得了他们的一些好感。 2.副词转译成名词

词类转换(英语翻译技巧)

词类转换 英汉两种语言属于不同的语系,英语属于印欧语系,汉语属于汉藏语系。不同语系的语言,无论在词汇方面或在语法方面都有很大的差别。在科技英语翻译实践中,在很多情况下需要进行词类转换。所谓词类转换,是指把原文语言中的某一词类转移成汉语的另一词类而言。掌握翻译中的词类转换译法,就可使我们敢于脱离原文词类的限制,跳出原文词类的框框,用汉语的适当词类予以表达。 一,转换成汉语动词。 英语和汉语比较起来,汉语中动词用得比较多,这是一个特点,在英语句子中只用一个谓语动词,在汉语中却可以几个动词或动词性结构连用。在英语中不少词类在汉译时往往可以转译成动词。 1,名词转换成动词 英语中大量具有动作意义的名词和动词派生出来的名词往往可以译成动词。 With a click of a mouse, information from the other end of the globe will be transported to your computer screen at the dizzying speed of seven-and-a-half times around the earth per second. 只要一点鼠标,来自世界另一端的信息便会以每秒绕地球七周半的惊人速度传输到你的电脑屏幕上。 China’s first atomic blast in october 1964 was a great shock to the world. 1964年10月中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹,全球为之震惊。 Can artificial fibers be used as substitutes for natural fibers? 人造纤维能代替天然纤维吗? We must place stress on the prevention of disease. 我们应以预防疾病为主。 This situation requires the formation of a new strategic frame. 这种形势要求制定新的战略框架。 The UN document calls for the settlement of the Middle East conflicts on the basis of Israeli withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab ackowledgement of Israel’s right to exist. 联合国文件要求,以色列撤出所占土地,阿拉伯承认以色列的生存权利,在此基础上,解决中东冲突。 2,形容词转换为动词, 英语中某些表示状态,知觉。情感,态度,感受,感觉,信念等意义,在句中作表语的形容词以及同介词搭配构成句子表语或定语的形容词,通常可译成汉语中的动词。 The amount of work is dependent on the applied force and the distance the body is moved. 功的大小取决于所施加的力与物体所移动的距离。 The amount of work is equal to the product of the force by the distance. 功的大小等于力和距离的乘积。 Copper wire is flexible. 铜线容易弯曲。 While the Chinese are eager to import modern medical technology from the West, increasing members of Westerners are equally interested in adopting the traditional medical remedies of China. 现在中国人热衷于从西方国家进口现代化医疗技术,而越来越多的西方人则热衷于接受中医疗法。 其他一些和介词构成词组在句中用作表语或定语而且常可译成动词的形容词还有:

词类转译法之名词转译成动词在英汉翻译中的应用

学号: 2009097311 哈尔滨师范大学 学士学位论文 题目词类转译法之名词转译成动词在英汉翻 译中的应用 学生刘婷婷 指导教师苏跃(副教授) 年级2007级 专业英语教育 系别英语教育系 学院西语学院

哈尔滨师范大学 学士学位论文开题报告 论文题目词类转译法之名词转译成动词在英汉翻 译中的应用 学生姓名刘婷婷 指导教师苏跃(副教授) 年级 2007级 15班 专业英语教育 2011年3 月

说明 本表需在指导教师和有关领导审查批准的情况下,要求学生认真填写。 说明课题的来源(自拟题目或指导教师承担的科研任务)、课题研究的目的和意义、课题在国内外研究现状和发展趋势。 若课题因故变动时,应向指导教师提出申请,提交题目变动论证报告。

课题来源: 教师指导下自拟题目 课题研究的目的和意义: 目的: 英汉两种语言在词汇和语法方面有一定的共同点,但差异也是明显的。例如,英语和汉语比较起来,汉语中动词用得比较多。英语中的许多词,如名词、介词、形容词和副词在汉译时,往往可以译成动词。英语的词汇量很大,它吸收了大量的其他语言中的词汇,如法语、拉丁语、希腊语等。英语中的同义词和近义词很多,一词多义的现象非常普遍。同样,汉语中的同义词和近义词也十分丰富。汉语的词汇没有形态的变化,它主要靠词语、词序以及内在的逻辑关系来表达句子的含义。英语则通过词汇的各种形态变化来表达句子丰富多彩的语言关系和逻辑关系。由于英语和汉语在语法和表达习惯上存在很多差异,因此在翻译过程中有时必须改变原文中某些词句的词类或句子成分才能准确传达原文的意思。词类转译法就是实现这一目的的翻译方法。 意义: 翻译是一种跨文化的交流活动。翻译不仅是把一种文字用另外一种文字表达出来,而且还将两种不同的文化进行融合。英语和汉语在语法和词汇表达习惯上存在诸多差异,因此 在翻译过程中有时必须改变原文某些词句的词类或句子成分才能准确传达原文的意思。词类转译法就是实现这一目的的翻译方法之一,是翻译技巧中一个重要的组成部分。它的运用会直接影响到译文的质量。掌握了这种翻译技巧,会使译文更自然、更流畅、更符合汉语的表达习惯。只要我们不断学习,不断实践,注意观察,及时总结,我们就会在翻译的实践中逐步学会并掌握好词类转译法。 国内外同类课题研究现状及发展趋势: 国外: 翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整的重新表达出来的语言活动。语言是思维的外壳,人类的思维是由存在决定的,而客观存在是可以认识的,因此一种语言所表达的思维内容,用另一种语言重新表达出来也是完全可能的。早在1959年,雅各布森从符号学的观点出发,将翻译分为:语内翻译,语际翻译,符际翻译。但国外对此课题的研究不是特别的多,在词类转译法方面的研究还不充足。A.F. Tytler 曾在 E ssay on principles of traslation中,对词类转译法进行了透彻的分析。 国内: 翻译不仅是把一种文字用另一种文字表达出来, 而且还是两种不同的文化的融合。因此在英译汉时务必要注意一些翻译技巧, 来使两种不同的文化进行交融, 其中较为重要的是词类的转译,国内通过大量的例句说明了在英译汉时词类的转译法的一些技巧运用, 特别是不同词类转译成动词的用法, 强调了词类的转译法在翻译中的重要性。我国的翻译事业有约两千年的光辉灿烂历史,早在西汉哀帝时代,有个名叫伊存的人到中国口传一些简短的佛经经句,但谈不上佛经的翻译。约两千年的翻译历史已为我们积累了一份宝贵的文化遗产。我们应当认真总结前人的翻译经验,批判地吸收前人从实践中总结出来的理论、方法,以便继续提高我们的翻译水平,发展我们的翻译事业。

也说翻译中的词类转换——转译成动词

英语知识 在英译汉过程中,有些句子可以逐词对译,有些句子则由于英汉两种语言的表达方式不同,就不能用“一个萝卜一个坑”的方法来逐词对译。原文中有些词在译文中需要转换词类,才能使汉语译文通顺自然。词类转译的情况归纳起来有以下四种。 一、转译成动词 英语和汉语比较起来,汉语中动词用得比较多,这是一个特点,往往在英语句子中只用一个谓语动词,而在汉语中却可以几个动词或动词性结构连用。例如,在He admires the President's stated decision to fight for the job. (他对总统声明为保住其职位而决心奋斗表示钦佩)中,英语的谓语动词只有admires一个词,其他用的是过去分词(stated)、动词派生名词(decision)、不定式(to fight)和介词(for)等。汉语没有词形变化,但可以几个动词连用。因此,英语中不少词类(尤其是名词、介词、形容词和副词)在汉译时往往可以转译成动词。 (一)名词转译成动词 1. 由动词派生的名词转译成动词,在政论文体中出现比较多。如: 1)The 1967 UN document calls for the settlement of the Middle East conflict on the basis of Israeli withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement of Israeli's right to exist. (1967年联合国文件要求在以色列撤出所占的土地以及阿拉伯承认以色列的生存权利的基础上来解决中东冲突。)2)Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. (火箭已经用来探索宇宙。) 2.含有动作意味的名词(在记叙、描写文体中出现较多)往往可以转译成动词。如:

第八章英语翻译中的词类转换(课堂讲练) (1)

第八章法律英语词汇翻译方法(课堂讲练) 本章教学目标:了解法律英语翻译中词类转换若干基本方法。 一、法律词汇英汉互译中的词类转换 英汉词汇分类大致相当,但鉴于不同的表达习惯,在翻译时不能苛求词类相当,否则可能导致译文意义晦涩,不知所云。 例1、1)、Preference shareholders are entitled to a priority in the assets if the company is wound up. 译文:如果公司被解散,优先股东有优先分得公司资产的权利。 说明:“Preference Shareholders”,意为“shareholders having priority over Ordinary Shareholders for the dividend (the part of the money which is divided among shareholders) and assets allocation.” 本句中的介词“in”如直译为“在—里”,显然拗口,这里就存在着词类转换,即把英语的介词转换为动词。 2)、The “Events of Default”, as used in this Contract, shall mean the occurrence, from time to time, of any of the following circumstances. 译文:合同中使用的“违约事项”是指发生以下情形— 说明:本句的“occurrence”本为名词,但在译成汉语时,转换成动词较译成“发生”更通达。 所以,为使翻译的译文更加通顺,符合其本身的表达习惯,必要时,就应进行词类转换,在英汉互译过程当中,最常见的就是名词与动词的转换,具体而言,在英译汉时,名词转译为动词最常见,这与汉语语句习惯叠加动词,以致同一句中谓语动词“群雄并立“,而英语句子中只有主要谓语动词”一枝独秀“,其余动词只能转为动名词的不同表达习惯紧密相关。 例2、1)、The establishment of a joint venture in China is subject to examination and approval by the Ministry of Commerce of PRC. 译文:在中国境内设立合营企业,必须经中华人民共和国商务部审批。 2)、Until the publication or public announcement of a patent application, staff members of the Patent Office and persons involved shall have the duty to keep the contents of the patent application confidential. 译文:在专利申请公布或公告之前,专利局的工作人员以及有关人员对其内容负有保密义务。 3)、绝对不允许合同任何一方违反合同支付条款的行为。 译文:No violation by either party hereto of any payment clause or clauses can be tolerated. 除名词动词相互转换外。英汉互译中,形容词与副词,动词与形容词,甚至介词与动词的转换都经常发生,下面分别举例说明。 二、法律英语翻译的词类转换 1、(动)名词转换为动词 例3、1)、Whereas the Licensor possesses know-how for the d esigning, manufacturing,

008浅谈词类转换法在翻译中的运用

浅谈词类转换法在翻译中的运用 【摘要】在英汉互译过程中,英语学习者不能按原有的语义结构生硬地把英语翻译成汉语或者把汉语翻译成英语,而是在翻译过程中必须要用一些恰当的语言表达方式使译文准确的反映原文的意思且能做到通顺、易懂,词类转换法正体现了这一目的。 【关键词】词类转换翻译 在英汉互译(英译汉或汉译英) 过程中经常会出现这样的问题:即译者按原有的语义结构生硬的把英语逐词逐句的翻译成汉语或把汉语翻译成英语。事实上,这样的译文尽管表面上看很协调,但因不能正确表达原文的意思而使我们陷入尴尬的境地。造成这种现象的原因主要是由于我们没有很好的理解和把握两种语言的差別。我们知道,英語属于印欧语系的分支—日耳曼语,而汉语则属于汉藏语系, 这两个语系在语法方面和词汇方面都有很大的区别。因此翻译时,译者就有必要用一些恰当的语言表达方式使译文既能准确地反映原文的意思又能做到通顺、易懂。怎样才能做到这一点呢?我们常有的方法之一就是词类转换法。词类转换法就是力求在不改变原文的意思的基础上使某些词的词性发生相应改变(如名词转换为动词等)。当然,这样一来就可能使源语言的句型发生改变, 因此这就要求我们相应地调整句子结构使译文既保证原文的意思又符合目标语的表达习惯和特征。下面我们就从英汉互译两个方面谈词类转换法在翻译过程中的运用。 一、英语翻译成汉语时的词类转换 〈一〉、名词转换为动词 英语中的很多词汇常具有多种词性,如“round”一词,即可以是介词、形容词,又可以是动词和名词。另外,英语的动词自身也可以通过改变形态而转化成名词,这就为名词转换为动词打下了基础。下面我们就介绍几种名词转化为动词的方法。 1、动词化的名词+介词+名词(或代词)结构 动词化的名词是指具有动词的语义特征和功能的名词。这一结构在翻译中常被译成动宾结构或主谓结构。 如:. The government called for the establishment of more technical schools. 政府号召建立更多的技术学校。 2、名词(或代词)所有格+动词化的名词结构。这一结构在翻译中也常被译成动宾结构或主谓结构,即将名词转化为动词。 如:1) William' choice as the leader came as a surprise. 威廉当选为领导出乎大家的意外。

汉英翻译技巧之词类转换法 Conversion

汉英翻译技巧之词类转换法Conversion ?Conversion: Conversion is also a common practice in Chinese-English translation. It is to change the part of speech into another. ?借刀杀人(v.—adj.) ?To sb. with a sword ?徐悲鸿画马画得特别好!(v.—n.) ?Xu’s of horses are exceptionally good. ?1. Verbs to be converted into Nouns. ?1) 林则徐认为,要成功地制止鸦片买卖,就得首先把鸦片销毁。 ?Lin Zexu believed that a successful of the trade in opium should be preceded by a of the drug itself. ?2) 邓小平在―十一大‖上说:―一定要少说空话,多做工作‖。 ?Deng Xiaoping said at the 11th Party Congress, ―There must be and .‖ (v.--n.) ?3) 绝对不许违反这个原则。 ?No of this principle can be tolerated. (v.—n.) ?4)采用这种新装置可以大大降低废品率。 ?The of this new device will greatly cut down/reduce the percentage of defective products. ?5) 他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质量。 ?He raising the quality of products in his speech. ?6) 中国人民百年以来不屈不挠、再接再厉地英勇斗争,使得帝国主义至今不能灭亡中国,也永远不能灭亡中国。 ?Thanks to the Chinese people’s unrelenting and heroic during the last hundred years, imperialism has not been able to conquer/subjugate/disintegrate China, nor will it ever be able to do so. ?7) 他们一不会做工,二不会种地,三不会打仗。 ?They don’t even know a thing about , nor about , nor about . ?8) 反对三峡工程的人说新形成的水库会淹没许多城镇和乡村。 ?to the Three Gorges Dam argued that the new reservoir(['rez?vwɑ:]) would flood many cities and villages.

8 词类转换法

词类转换法 B 练习一 (1) There is much discussion today about whether economic growth is desirable. 当今,人们经常讨论经济增长是否令人满意这一问题。 (2) For example, great efforts are made by the American tobacco industry to sell cigarettes in the Middle East and North Africa—where U.S. tobacco exports increased by more than 27% in 1974. 例如,美国烟草工业就力图在中东和北非推销香烟,在这些地区,美国烟草出口量在1974年增加了27%以上。 (3) They are not content with the data obtained from the experiment. 他们不满足于实验获得的数据。 (4) We are familiar with the fact that nothing in nature will either start or stop moving of itself. 我们都熟悉这样一个事实:自然界中没有一个物体自行开始或停止运动。 (5) In spite of the growth of other kinds of transport, railroads continue to be, as they used to be over years, the backbone of the transportation industry. 尽管其他各种交通工具都发展了,铁路仍然是运输业的骨干,正如它多年来一直是运输业的骨干一样。 (6) When she came back, the television was still on, for she had forgotten to turn it off when she left. 她回来时,电视仍然开着,因为她离开时忘记关了。 (7) Steps are being considered to speed up the plan lest we might be behind in the schedule. 我们正在考虑采取措施加速执行计划,以免落后于预定时间。 (8) As we know women in China are now freely taking part in work outside their homes. 我们都知道,中国妇女已经走出家门,自由地参加工作了。 (9) Most of its recent decisions have gone against the poor. 他们最近的大部分决定都不利于穷人。 (10) Workers are for cutting down the cost of production. 工人们都赞成降低生产成本。 练习二 (1) Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. 他们说,科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见,不如说源于改进的技术和工具等更为普通的东西。 (2) In the economic field, the international situation is characterized by a reexamination of traditional concepts and ideas concerning the relations between nations, the re division of wealth and the exercise of economic power. 在经济方面,国际形势的特点是重新审议涉及到国际关系、财富分配和行使经济权利的传统观念和思想。 (3) We Chinese people have deep sympathy for the oppressed and the exploited. 我们中国人民对受压迫的人和受剥削的人有深厚的同情心。 (4) It was not until early 40’s that chemists began to use the technique analytically. 直到40年代初,化学家们才开始将这种技术用于分析方面。 (5) Health is above wealth, for this cannot give so much happiness as that.

大学英语专业翻译作业-词类转换

他总是喝很多酒。 He is a heavy drinker. 他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质量。 In his speech, he emphasized on improving the quality of the products in particular. 绝对不许违反这个原则。 Never allowed to violate this principle。 林则徐认为,要成功地禁止鸦片买卖,就得首先把鸦片焚毁了。 In Lin Zexu’s opinion, a successful ban of opium trade must be preceded by destruction. 医生迅速到达,做了仔细检查,病人得以很快康复。 The doctor’s prompt arrival and careful examination of the patient brought his speedy recovery. 一看到校门,我就想起了我的大学时代。 The sight of school gate reminds me of college life. 获悉贵国遭受地震,我们极为关切。 We are deeply concerned at the news that your country has been struck by an earthquake. 有人在背后支持他。 He got someone behind him. 街中的一切逐渐消失在灰暗的暮色里。 Everything in the street was gradually disappeared into gray twilight. 经过学校的门口,也改换了名称和模样,令我很生疏。 When I passed the school gate, that too had changed its name and appearance, making me feel quite a stranger. 空气是这样的清香,使人感到分外凉爽、舒畅。 The air was so fresh that it gave people a feeling of especially cool and comfort. 他们不顾一切艰难险阻,勇往直前。 In spite of dangers and difficulties, they kept going forward courageously. 贵国人民的友好给我留下了很深的印象。 I was deeply pressed by the hospitality of your people. 他们尽了最大努力帮助病号和伤员。 They did their best to help the sick and wounded. 独立思考对学习是绝对必要的。 Independent thinking is a necessity in study. 这个消息让我们有点沮丧。 The news depressed us a little. 他兴奋地接受了她的邀请。 He excited to receive her invitation]

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