人教版九年级英语第七八单元知识点总结
人教版九年级英语第七八单元知识点总结
Unit7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 一．单词
1.driver’s license 驾照=driving license
2.safe(adj.)——safety (n.)安全；安全性dangerous(adj.)——danger(n.)
3.have/do part-time jobs=have/do part-time work做兼职
4.get/have/make sth done 表被动
eg: have/get/make my ears pierced have/get/make my hair cut
5.ear(n.)耳朵，ring(戒指)——earring(n.)耳环，耳饰
6.cry——crying——cried——cried
7.give sb. a hug = hug sb. 拥抱某人
8.Lift(v.)举起；抬高=raise/(n.)电梯，搭便车eg:give sb a lift =give sb a ride
9.bad（adj.）——badly（adv.）——worse——worst
10.regret(v.)(n.)后悔，感到遗憾
后悔做了… regret doing sth eg:I regret telling a lie.
遗憾做…(没做) regret to sth eg:I regret to tell you that you failed the exam.
11.p oem(n.)诗；韵文——poet(n.)诗人——poetry(n.)诗；诗意；诗歌艺术
12.M ake one’s decision to do sth=decide to do sth=make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决定做某事
13.e ducate(v.)教育——education(n.)教育——educational(adj.)有教育意义的
14.manage (v.)管理，努力完成——manager (n.).经理——management(n.)管理manage to do 设法做成某事 /区分 try to do sth ,succeed in doing sth
15.society(n.)社会——social(adj.)社会的
16.enter (v.)-entrance (n.)入口——反义词exit（n.）出口
二、短语
1.should allow sb to do sth被动 sb should be allowed to do sth
情态动词的被动语态是:情态动词（not）+be + done
2.go to the shopping centre
3.I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.
(1)若宾语从句跟在think believe等表示“想，认为”的动词之后，而主语为第一人称时，句子的否定体现在主句上。用词有： suppose （猜想推测）guess （猜） image（想象） expect（期待）eg: I don’t think it is a good idea.
(2) sixteen-year-olds十六岁的孩子们=sixteen-year-old teenagers
4.need time to do sth
5.be excited about doing sth
6.由so+助动词（be/do/will/have）/情态动词+主语：….也是一样（表示相同）
Neither/nor+助动词（be/do/will/have）/情态动词+主语（前为否定）….也一样不。
（1）She is a student. So am I.
（2）She went to school just now. So did I.
（3）She has finished the work. So have I
（4）Tom can’t swim. Neither can Jo hn.
补充；So+主+助动词确实如此(表示赞同)
7.mustn’t do sth 禁止做某事
8.stay by one’s side待在某人身边
9.think back to sth回想某事
10.h ave scary/awful dreams 做噩梦
11.b e late for school tell back to sb跟某人顶嘴
12.r un through the field跑步穿越田野（through内部穿过如森林across外部穿过如马路）
13.m ake sure=be sure确信
14.c ough badly剧烈咳嗽
15.w arm arms to sleep in 温暖怀抱里入眠（不定式做定语）
17. lift sb up举起某人；激励某人=inspire sb/encourage sb
18.stop doing sth 停止做某事/Stop to do sth 停下来开始做某事
19.by+时间点几点前
20.stay out待在外面
21.the whole +n. =all the +n. all night 整夜
22.agree with sb/sth =be in agreement with sb. 同意某人的观点
23.move out 搬出去住
24.take care of=look afte=care for照顾
take care=be carefu=look outl小心care about关心,在乎 care for 喜欢；照顾，为…操心
25.continue to do sth=keep on doing 继续做某事
26.worry about doing sth=be worried about doing sth
27.take/pass/fail the exam take the exam later补考
28.be strict with sb be strict in sth/doing sth be hard on sb.对...苛刻
29.get/be in the way of sth 妨碍… in this way/in the way/on the way（to）/on one’s way to/by the way/in a ...way
30.practice doing sth 练习做某事
31.be serious about sth/doing sth 对...严肃，认真
32.instead of doing sth
everyone是一个词,只用来指人,等于 everybody,在它后面不能跟介词of； every one是两个词,既可用来指人,也可用来指物,等于each one,后面可跟介词of.请看以下例句：
1）Everyone of the children likes this game.（误）
2）Every one of the children likes this game.（正）
3 ) His books are wonderful. I have read every one of them.
33.e nd up as 以...结束
34.o n his school team 在校队
35.g row up 成长 cut up切碎 give up 放弃 turn up调高 take up 占有，开始做 set up 建立 put up 张贴 show up 出席 lift up 举起抬高 make up 组成，构成
36.we have nothing against running.——Have nothing against doing sth毫不反对做某事（be against 反对 be for 支持）
37.Only then will I have a chance to achieve my reams.
当副词only置于句首，强调方式、条件、地点、时间状语等状语时，句子要用部分倒装。Eg:Only in this way can we learn English well.
当only后跟的是主语时，不用倒装。
Only five men were hurt in the accident.
38.keep off关闭，阻挡
Mobile phone should be kept off during the meeting.
三、句型
注意以下各组问答句，并注意体会其汉语译文：
1．—Must I come before dawn？我必须天亮前来吗？
—Yes, you must．是的，必须天亮前来。
—No, you needn't．不必天亮前就来。
—No, you don't have to．不必天亮前就来。
2．—May I smoke in the room？我可以在这个房间抽烟吗？
—Yes, you may．当然可以。
—Of course, you may[can]．当然可以。
—No, you may not[mustn't，can't]．不行。（语气较生硬）
—You'd better not[Better not]．最好不要抽。
—I'd rather you didn't．还是不抽的好。
—Please don't．请不要抽。
3．—Need I finish it today？我必须今天完成它吗？
—Yes, you must [have to, should]．是的，今天必须完成它。（肯定回答不能用Yes，you need，因为情态动词need 只用于否定句或疑问句，不用于肯定句）
—No, you needn't．不必今天就完成它。
—No, you don't have to．不必今天就完成它。
4.We should be allowed to choose our favorite subject.
5.The classroom must be cleaned by us every day.
6.I don’t think you need to be looked after by your parents any more,
7.It could be finished in an hour.
Unit 8 It must belong to Carla.
一、单词
1.Who,whom,whose这三个既可用作疑问词，也可用作关系代词。
who是主格，往往充当主语，意思是“谁”。Who is your English teacher?谁是你的英语教师？
whom是宾格，用在动词或介词后，充当宾语，意思也是whom, 如Whom do you like best?你最喜欢谁？（whom充当动词like的宾语）
whose是所有格，往往用来作定语，修饰名词，表示所有关系，意思是“谁的”，如：Whose book is it?这是谁的书？
2.attend(v.)——attendance(n.)出席
3.value（n.）——valuable(adj.)有价值的
4.happen（v.）——happening(n.)发生的事情
5.noise(n.)——noisy(adj.)声音，噪音/sound声音/voice嗓音
6.policeman——policemen(pl.)警察
7.wolf—wolves（pl.）狼
8.easy(adj.)简单的—uneasy(adj.)担心的，不安的
9.sleep(v.)—sleepy（adj.）/asleepy (adj.)fall asleep 入睡
10.l and(v.)(n.)着陆，陆地
11.e xpress（v.）—expression（n.）表情，表达
12.c ircle(v.)(n.)圆圈，圈出
13.B ritain(n.)大不列颠—British(adj.)英国的，英国人的（n.）英国人
14.M ystery(n.)—mysterious(adj.)神秘的
15.H istory(n.)—historical(adj.)—historian(n.)历史学家
16.L ead(v.)—leader（n.）领导
17.M edicine—medical(adj.)医学的，医疗的
18.P revent sb from doing /stop sb from doing 阻止某人做某事
19.E nergy(n.)活力，能量—energetic(adj.)精力充沛的
20.H onor(n.)荣誉，信用—honorable（adj.）光荣的，可敬的，高贵的
二、短语
1.her favorite writer 她最喜欢的作家
2.at the picnic 在野餐上
3.be always doing sth 总是做...
4.attend a concert 出席音乐会
5.music hall 音乐大厅
6.something valuable贵重的物品
7.have my schoolbag with me随身带着书包
8.pick up 拾起，采摘，接某人
9.know each other 互相认识
10.be interviewed by 被。。。采访
11.must be doing 一定正在做。。。
12.have fun 玩得开心
13.call the police 报警
14.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事/see sb do sth 看见某人过了某事
15.hear sb doing sth 听见某人正在做某事/hear sb do sth听见某人做过某事
16.be sure that/todo；make sure that...确保...
17.feel uneasy 感觉不安feel worried/nervous/anxious
18.We have no idea.=We don’t know.我们不知道。
19.go away走开put away收拾整理give away捐赠take away 带走
20.wear glass 戴眼镜
21.feel sleepy 感觉困倦
22.catch a bus to work 赶车上班
23.at the same time 同时
24.not only...but also...不仅，而且
25.more than=over 超过/less than少于，不足
26.sun rising 日出/sun setting 日落
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6213907006.html,municate with sb 与。。。交流
28.point at：指向，主要是指向的近距离的地方。
The teacher point at the blackboard and said: " Please look at these words carefully. " point to: 指向，指出；主要指的是比较远的地方。
He point to the house on the other side of the river and said: " That is my house. " point out: 给某人指出方向,错误等
The teacher point out many mistakes in my homework.
29.so many=too many+可数名词复数/too much=so much+不可数名词
30.much later迟很多（much，even，far,a lot 修饰比较级，表示程度深）
31.a kind of 一种，kinds of 各种各样，kind of 有一点+adj./adv.
32.in a certain way 以一种。。。的方式
33.on midsummer’s morning 在仲夏的早晨
34.the center of 、、、的中心
35.some...others ...一些。。。另一些。。。
36.one of the greatest mysterious 最伟大的奥秘之一
37.keep healthy =keep fit=keep in good health保持健康
38.wait for the bus 等车
39.a bit/kind of=a little late迟一点
（a bit还可以修饰比较级=a little表示程度浅）
40.talk on the phone 打电话交谈
41.be at work 在上班
三、句型
情态动词表推测：语气+时态
（一）情态动词表推测的三种语气
1.在肯定句中一般用must (一定)，may（可能），might / could（也许，或许）。
He must/may/might know the answer to this question?他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案。
2.否定句中用can’t / couldn’t(不可能), may not/might not(可能不)。
It can’t/couldn’t be the headmaster. He has gone to America.这不可能是校长，他去美国了。
3.疑问句中用can/could (能……?)。
Could he have finished the task? 他可能把任务完成了吗？
（注：以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的。Might, could并非may, can的过去式，而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。
（二）情态动词表推测的三种时态
1.对将来情况的推测，用“情态动词 + 动词原形”。
She must / may / might / could arrive before 5. 5:00前她一定/可能/也许到。
2.对现在或一般情况的推测，用“情态动词+ be”，“情态动词+be doing”或“情态动词 + 动词原形”
（1）He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now.
（2）He can’t ( couldn’t ) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time.
（3）Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How can ( could ) he be late for the opening ceremony ?布什先生一向准时，这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢？
3.对过去情况的推测，用“情态动词 + have +过去分词”。
（1）It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet.
（2）The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at home .
门锁着，他不可能/可能不在家。
（3）Can / Could he have gotten the book？难道他找到书了吗？
总结：对某一次的推测句型有两部分：语气和时态
语气部分：（以下情态动词语气由强至弱）
肯定句：must、may、might（=could）
否定句：can’t（=couldn’t）、mayn’t、mightn’t
疑问句：can、could（语气更加委婉不确定）
时态部分：
be表示对现在的推测
have done表示对过去的推测
be doing表示对正在进行的推测
语气部分写在前时态部分写在后，组合在一起就是推测
There be 句型表推测
There+情态动词＋be/do sth
There+情态动词＋be doing sth
There+情态动词＋have done sth
补充现在完成时态
⑴结构：由have/ has ＋过去分词
⑵用法：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果
标志词：already, just , yet , ever, never,since+时间点,for+时间段，in the last
few(five) years, so far
Have you finished your work yet？你完成了你的工作了吗？
Yes, I have. I have just finished it.是的。我刚刚完成了。=I finished it just now.(一般过去时)
Have you ever been to China?你曾经去过中国吗？
No, I have never been there.没有，我从来也没有去过。
表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状态连用如：（for + 时间段，since + 时间点，或过去某一动作，以及how long ）
注：非延续性动词在现在完成时态中不能和for, since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。应转为相应的延续性动词如：
buy---- have die---- be dead join ---- be in borrow----- keep leave---- be away
I have bought a pen.------ I have had a pen for 2 weeks.
The dog has died.------- The dog has been dead since last week.
have (has) been to + 地点去过某地已经回来
have ( has) gone to + 地点去了某地没有回来
have been in + 地点一直呆在某地没有离开过如：
She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海。(已经回来)
She ha s gone to Shanghai. 她去了上海。(没有回来)
She has been in Shanghai for 2 days.她呆上海两天了。(没有离开过上海)