口译教程参考答案(雷天放主编)

主编：雷天放

1.3 美国副总统复旦大学演讲

市长先生，非常感谢您。谢谢您做介绍时的友好言辞。（对应kind words，指的是中方官员介绍，切尼或者有关访问的情况时非常礼貌，非常友好）今天我们很高兴来到这里。我和我夫人为有这次机会再次到中国访问感到荣幸！（请不要将travel 翻译成旅行，事实上，切尼肩负的是严肃的外教任务，他不是专程来旅行的，travel的意思要根据实际情况翻译）感谢贵国对我们的欢迎，特别感谢复旦大学的热情接待。我们为此感到不胜荣幸，谢谢你们。我们此行带来了布什总统和美国人民的良好祝愿！

我知道在座的很多人很快就要从这所优秀的大学毕业。我听说贵校有极为严格的标准（对应extremely demanding），得到复旦大学的学位代表着多年的刻苦攻读和自我约束。我祝贺在座各位学业有成。我钦佩各位老师为发扬复旦大学99年的优良传统付出的不懈努力（后面四个字是属于增译，根据原文的上下文做了补充性的延伸，又不影响原文且读之通顺完整）

1.4 王光亚大使在普林斯顿大学的讲话开场白

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Good evening!

I am honored to be invited to your seminar ['seminɑ:] (研讨会) tonight. For me , for my colleagues and for many other Chinese, PU has long been ( 对应原文的早已经是，所以是完成，并且已经是久负盛名，所以加一个long) a familiar name. With a history longer than the country, it has produced many outstanding people，Woodrow Wilson, the 28th US president, Albert Einstein, the great scientist, and T.S. Eliot, the famous poet，to name but a few.（这样状语提前的方式显得比较符合英语的表达习惯，再次，这样一来，主语就变成了PU，强调了这些伟大人物的成长是离不开PU的良好环境和优良风气的，其中to name but a few是固定表达意思是还有很多，这里就不一一列举了或者说仅举几例）As former president Bill Clinton said in 1996 at the celebration for the 250th anniversary of PU: “At every pivotal (关键的，紧要的) moment in American history, PU and its students have played a curtail role”

托马斯·斯特尔那斯·艾略特（Thomas Stearns Eliot，通常为T.S.Eliot，1888.9.26－1965.1.4）是一位美国/英国诗人、评论家、剧作家，其作品在二十世纪乃至今日的文学史上影响极为深远。1948年，60岁的艾略特迎来了他一生中最大的荣誉——诺贝尔文学奖。

I am more pleased to learn (获知)that all of you have a keen （浓厚的，这里也是属于不影响原文意思的扩展，表现出作者听到在座听众对中国及中国事务和感兴趣后的喜悦之情）interest in China. Though our two countries are geographically far apart (这里的万里之遥只是形容远，没必要译成数字，实质上精确地距离是不需要知道的，如果翻译成10thousand 后面的里是miles 还是KM 或者是中文的“里”呢?还要涉及到公制单位和汉语度量衡的换算太罗嗦，所以far apart 就可以了，听众也都明白)，we have a great deal in common. While many Chinese enjoy Hollywood movies (美语里面的电影就是movie，听众都是美国的，演讲也是在美国当然要符合美国人的说话习惯，films是英式表达) McDonald?s fast food, many Americans find that their clothes and daily necessities are made in China.( while 表示两相对比对应原文中的而) I hope that today?s seminar will help you gain a better understanding of China and its foreign policy,(外交政策的习惯表达，如同外交部长翻译为foreign minister一样，这里要注意词意的细微差别，foreign的意思是外国的，与外国有关的，涉外的，凡是指本国以外的可用，我们一般说的外交就是指的本国以外的和他国的交往，所以外交政策，外事，和外交部长皆可用foreign指的就是处理与国外关系的政策，事物和官员；而diplomatic强调的是一种抽象的概念指外交艺术、外交技巧，是种抽象的理论术语。所以，外交学院，都用Institute of Diplomacy or Diplomatic School.因为它并不从事具体对外

事务。但是外交部就要做具体事情了，所以用的是foreign ministry跟前述的外交政策等是相似概念) thus deepening further our friendship and cooperation.

1.5 开业典礼讲话

各位尊敬的来宾，女士们先生们，

下午好！欢迎参加我们公司在中国的首家新厂房的落成典礼。（此处根据上下文，增补了新厂房一词，虽然原文并没有出现new一词，但是从the first可以推断出，另外将落成典礼翻译成开业典礼也是可以接受的，不影响原文）感谢各位，抽出时间莅临本次庆典，于我们一起分享这一美好时刻！（类似的译文均可以接受）

我想代表公司对今天光临典礼的各位供应商，客户嘉宾，各位员工和业务伙伴表示衷心的感谢。（此处省略了our一词，因为大家都明白当事人是以第一人称身份演讲的，衷心的感谢或者诚挚的谢意也是为了烘托气氛的一种恰当处理，虽然原文并未出现sincere一词，但是我们可以推知主办方的热情和感激之心是真诚地）

公司的管理层深深地为我们的新工厂感到自豪，我们能干的员工感到自豪（此处将原句The…and very capable这个并列句子拆分翻译，属于拆译法）；他们发展了工厂的业务，使之达到国际水平。

新厂房标志着公司对中国业务的重视和承诺。（此处，将symbol 名

词动词化了，否则就会译成新厂房是公司对中国业务重视和承诺的象征/标志，这样读起来很拗口不符合我们中国人习惯的主谓宾式的一般表达）

各位供应商，我们希望与你们携手共进，使我们的业务更上一层楼。各位经销商，我们将继续向你们提供尖端的高质量产品，以协助和支持你们的库户，改善中国和东南亚许许多多人的生活。

各位邻居和朋友们，我们讲成为良好的企业公民，与各位同行一起维护在中国展开的业务的规范性。

最后我们承诺给员工们提供一个且安全，舒适的工作环境。

再次感谢各位与我们共同庆祝今天的典礼！

Lesson 2

2．3 Y o-Y o Ma

今天将与我们见面的是我们这个时代最伟大的大提琴家-马友友。作为大提琴演奏家，马友友的职业生涯已经横跨了20多个年头，期间他发布了50多张专辑。他的音乐获得过许多奖项，其中包括令人叹服的14项格莱美大奖。他也曾经在许多重要的场合演奏，如格莱美的颁奖仪式和奥运会的庆典活动。

马友友是出生在法国的华裔，父母都是音乐家，母亲是歌唱家，父亲是作曲家。第一次正式登台演出的时候，马友友只有5岁。随后他随家人迁居到了美国。4年后，年仅9岁的马友友就在纽约极具声望的卡耐基音乐大厅登台演出了。后来马友友进入朱莉亚音乐学院学习提

琴演奏。从那儿他转入哈佛大学，并获得人类学学位。他在哈佛的求学经历以及多元的文化背景都造就了今天的马友友。

而今，马友友仍在继续他的音乐之路，并且积极地与来自世界各地的各种流派的音乐家合作。他的音乐灵感受到人和大自然的激发。在马友友看来，大提琴是他声带的延伸。他演奏时最重要的一点就是全时全情地投入，并且努力将音乐的内容传递给现场观众。

2．4 CNN interview with Jet Li

CNN 记者：祝贺《英雄》所取得的成功。请问您在《英雄》里扮演的角色是否与你通常演的角色很相似呢？

JL: It is a very special part and a very special movie. I think it?s one of the most important action movies in my life.

CNN 记者：为什么你会这样说呢？你演过近30部电影，而《英雄》是如何与其他影片不同的呢？

JL: Usually action films have a formula: a child whose parents have been murdered by the bad guys tries hard to learn martial arts and he grows up into an outstanding Kongfu master. He takes revenge and kills the bad guys. But “Hero” has a much broader theme.

CNN 记者：就比如很像《卧虎藏龙》？

JL: No, it?s totally different. I think Ang Lee is a very talented director. He uses martial arts to talk about love and girls, you know… But Zhang Yimou tries to tell about Chinese culture, Chinese thinking and their

hopes through martial arts.

CNN 记者：含义的确很深。我们知道您的处女作是1979年拍摄的〈少林寺〉，那时你还是个十几岁的少年。影片在亚洲引起了轰动，并且还加拍了两部续集。我想问的是，您是如何从一位武术冠军成为一名好莱坞的动作明星的？

JL: I think the most important thing is that when I was young, I learnt martial arts, that is my special key. I can use my unique martial arts skills in the film. But after a few years, I really want to do something different… like using martial arts to talk about peace and achieve peace. CNN 记者：这听起来似乎是矛盾的，对吗？您是一个打斗专家，但您却要谈和平？

JL: That?s right, because Chinese culture is not just martial arts. That?s o nly the physical part. It?s not true that the Chinese people are all Kongfu masters and can just beat up people; and that they have no brains, no thoughts. As a matter of fact, we have a deep, strong and sophisticated philosophy. I feel I have the responsibility to share this information with the worldwide audience.

Lesson3

3.3 史蒂夫福布斯谈《福布斯》

我祖父20世纪初来到美国。他离开英格兰时身上没什么钱。连他在

内兄弟姐妹10人，不过他自小就受到很好的教育。像许多人一样，他也是满怀憧憬和理想来到美国的。他创办了《福布斯》杂志，报道那些实干家，那些改变商业社会的人。

我祖父常说，做生意不是堆积百万财富，而是为带来幸福快乐。如今我们讲到公司、经营，文章中会用到许多数字，但焦点一直放在人上面。对公司来说，最重要的是人，而不是资产负债表。以前我祖父是这样看的，我们现在也是这样看的。

当前的世界信息泛滥，足以将人淹没，人们迫切需要一本刊物来解读这些信息，告诉读者哪些重要，哪些不重要。这就是《福布斯》的价值所在。我们提供额外的视角和判断。我们从不停留于表面，总想看看公司到底是如何经营的，正是当今芜杂繁多的信息使得《福布斯》日益重要。

3.4 Introduction to an arts and crafts company

Distinguished guests, dear friends,

I feel honored to have this opportunity to introduce our company to you through the platform provided by this conference.

Founded 15 years ago, we are a company specializing in the design, manufacture and sales of handicrafts. Fifteen years ago our staff numbered 50; now the figure is 1,700. Fifteen years ago we rented a facility covering a floor space of 4,500 square meters; now our own

facility covers a floor space of 24,000 square meters. These figures speak loudly and clearly of our success.

Our leading products are various architectural exotic European cathedrals, the Empire State Building, the White House, and the Pentagon in the U.S., along with cartoon animal toys and Christmas gifts with a variety of designs. Our designs have become trend setters in the industry. Nowadays, our products are sold worldwide in more than twenty countries including Japan, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, America, the UK, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Germany. They are well received by both local importers and customers. For fifteen years our output value has manifested an annual growth rate of 30%.

Lesson 4

4.3 西敏斯特大学介绍

非常感谢你们的盛情款待，我们很高兴来到这里。今天很不巧，校长没法来，我谨代表他介绍一下我校的情况。

西敏斯特大学成立于1838年，是英国第一所工科大学，所以我们学校有着悠久的历史。我们的主校区位于英国首都伦敦的中心地带。目前我们的学生来自132个不同国家，人数超过22，700. 所以西敏斯特大学是全英最受国际学生欢迎的15所大学之一。

我们有教师700多人，还有来自各国的客座讲师1，000余人。学校的国际环境为学生日后将要面临的职业生涯打下良好的基础，我们

的目标是提供国内和国际环境下高品质的教育和科研。

我们是一所现代大学，在传播、文化和媒体研究、法律、亚洲研究、语言学、艺术设计（包括音乐）、电子工程、政治与国际关系方面占据领先地位，我们的主要学科均获得高度认可。

我们真诚希望与贵校建立交流合作项目。

4.4 Preserve core values of the Lunar New Y ear

To people of Chinese descent around the world, the Lunar New Y ear (also called Spring Festival) is undoubtedly the most important festival of the year. Dating back 3,000 years, it celebrates the passing of a peaceful year and welcomes a new year.

The reunion dinner, eaten on New Year?s Eve, is the most special, with members of the extended family gathering for the most significant meal of the year. Even the absent members will endeavor to return home in time for it. It underscores the supreme importance of the family in Chinese culture, and aims at strengthening the sense of togetherness and cohesion.

The way people celebrate the New Y ear embodies two important core values. The first value is the sense of family togetherness; members of multi-generation families are all there to have a big reunion dinner. Everyone will follow this custom. The female members are always held responsible for preparing the dinner, and some rich families may take on

extra hands. The second value lies in the happy visits mutually made between friends and relatives, a good way to strengthen kinship and friendship.

However, economic development has resulted in some changes in lifestyles. After a busy year, people are tired of preparing for the reunion dinner, and would rather hold their reunion dinner in posh restaurants, despite the exorbitant costs. The festival door-to door visits have given way to New Y ear greetings via telephone or text messages. Some families even go to such extremes as to travel and seek temporary refuge in a hotel so as to avoid being visited.

Some tradition-minded people regard the reunion dinner and visits to relatives and close friends during the New Y ear as core values, without which the holiday would lose much of its significance. Some pessimists contend that, as the popularity of western culture grows, Chinese traditional festivals gradually lose their original meaning and degenerate into commercial festivals like Christmas.

The Spring Festival is an important part of the Chinese cultural heritage, and it will continue to be celebrated. The modes of celebration may change, but the core value should be sustained: that of respect for kinship and friendship.

4.5 中英教育交流

Q: My question is about educational exchanges. Y ou mentioned in your speech that there are large numbers of Chinese students studying in Britain. As we know, it is extremely difficult to get a scholarship in a British university. But the tuition fees for international students far exceed these for home students. So we can not help wondering about the motivation of British universities in enrolling Chinese students. Is it to promote educational exchanges with China and to liven up campus life in Britain, or just for a commercial purpose? Thank you.

A: 这实际上是出于多种考虑。我不否认有商业考虑，办大学也要花钱，不过教育交流是主要目的。奖学金难申请是因为钱要政府出，有时候纳税人有意见，说政府应该把奖学金给本国学生而不是外国学生。所以很困难。

但我们现在已经在扩大奖学金范围。事实上，过去几年，中国学生来英国留学生人数大大增加了，这说明奖学金难归难，你们还是有办法来留学的。

我想教育交流在未来会非常重要，我也希望，每一次外国学生来英国学习，回去时就像是一个英国大使，到他的国家为我们宣传，不管是在中国，俄罗斯还是哪个国家。所以我们在扩大教育规模，吸收更多海外留学生。所以你们继续申请奖学金，我们会尽力帮助的。

Q: Mr. Blair, welcome to Tsinghua University. I was deeply impressed by your support for Sino-British educational exchanges, but I was also sorry to learn that some universities in northeastern Britain have decided to cancel the major of Chinese Culture and Language, among them the University of Durham. Will this affect cultural and educational cooperation between our two countries? If so, what is your solution?

A: 讲到学校的课程，既然我听说了这件事，我打算回去看看究竟，不过大学做出这样的决定原因很多，也许是经济原因，或者是他们面临某种困难，这也是时有的事。要把想做的事都办成，钱总是不够的。不过我可以向你保证，我们会一如既往地欢迎中国学生来英国学习，就算杜伦大学没有合适的专业，其他大学也肯定有。

Lesson 5

5.3 Premier Wen?s Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the 15th General Assembly Session of the World Tourism Organization

Mr. Francesco Frangialli, Secretary-General of the World Tourism Organization,

Ms. Louise Frechette, Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations, All Delegates, ladies and gentlemen,

At this October time when Beijing is offering us its charming autumn

scenery in the fresh air and clearest weather, the 15th General Assembly Session of the World Tourism Organization is officially opened here. On behalf of the Chinese government, I would like to extend our sincere welcome to all the guests here and to express our warm congratulations on the convening of this session.//

Tourism is a nice and pleasant activity that combines sightseeing, recreation and health care. Tourism has been developing all along with the progress of the times. Since the middle of the 20th century, modern tourism has been growing at a fast pace around the world. The number of tourists has ever been on the rise, the scale of the tourism industry has been in constant expansion, and the position of tourism in the economy has clearly risen. Tourism serves gradually as an important bridge of cultural exchange, friendship and further exchanges, and exerts more and more extensive influence on the human life and social progress among various countries. //

As a country with a civilization with a long history, China is also a big oriental country full of modern vitality, not to mention its unique, rich and varied tourism resources. Besides the picturesque natural scenery, profound history and extensive culture, China embodies the different folk customs of 56 nationalities. Currently, there are 29 places that have been listed as World Cultural and Natural Heritage sites. Thanks to the further push by the opening up and reform, China?s modern construction is

surging ahead, and the cities and the country are experiencing daily changes. The ancient glory of China and its modern boom add radiance and charm to each other, joining to create most favorable conditions for developing our domestic and international tourism. //

The first 20 years of the 21 century represent an important strategic period for China to achieve the all-round construction of a well-off society and to speed up its socialist modernization. It also provides a favorable time for the further development of China?s tourism industry. We shall promote tourism as an important in dustry in China?s national economy, properly protect and utilize our tourism resources and try to achieve sustainable tourism development. The Chinese government welcomes all international friends to visit China. We shall do our best to protect their health and safety; and at the same time encourages more Chinese people to go abroad for visits. We are ready to develop extensive cooperation with other counties and contribute to global tourism growth.//

For many years, the World Tourism Organization has made active and effective efforts for the promotion of tourism prosperity and development around the globe. The World Tourism Organization has become a specialized agency of the United Nations. We would like to offer our sincere congratulations. We believe this WTO General Assembly session

will give a major push to the further prosperity and development of tourism in the world.//

Finally, I wish the 15th General Assembly Session of the World Tourism Organization every success.

Thank you.

世界旅游组织简介

世界旅游组织是政府间唯一接纳旅游经营着的组织，它受联合国委托，在各国旅游业的宣传和发展工作中起着核心的作用。它成立于1975年，总部设在西班牙首都马德里。

世界旅游组织的宗旨是促进和发展旅游事业，使之有利于经济发展、国际间相互了解、和平与繁荣以及不分种族、性别、语言或宗教信仰、尊重人权和人的基本自由，并强调在贯彻这一宗旨时，要特别注意发展中国家在旅游事业方面的利益。

世界旅游组织的成员分为正式成员、联系成员和附属成员三类。正式成员是指所有的主权国家。联系成员指的是那些不必负责外交事务的地区。这些成员需要经过为他们承担外交责任的政府的批准。

附属成员的范围十分广泛，包括直接从事旅游业或与旅游业有关的组织和企业，如：航空公司以及其他运输公司、饭店、餐馆，旅游批发商和零售商、金融界、保险公司、出版界等机构。

到2003年，世界旅游组织有正式成员包括141个国家，7个联系成员和350个附属成员，它们代表着私营业者、教育机构、旅游协会以及地方旅游管理机构。

现代化与文化遗产的保护

主：Welcome to our studio. My first question is : how many years have you been in China?

客：3年多了。我是2002年5月底来的。

主：3 years. I bet you have witnessed a lot of changes in China. Could you tell us your deepest impression of urban development in China?

客：我恐怕只能就我所在的城市谈谈经验，不过从周边城市的所见所闻，我也会有同样的看法。所有的外国人都非常清楚地看到，中国和中国的许多城市都正在快速地发展。我想在东部沿海城市更是如此。到处耸立着崭新的高楼大厦，马路变得更加宽阔。

主：What do think of all these tall buildings and widened roads?

客：这个问题提的好，但是我觉得这是个相当复杂的问题。

主：Why is it complicated?

客：这个问题得从两个不同角度来谈。一方面是我作为一个外国人所期望的。。。我想看的，我感兴趣的。。。和中国人想看的或者想让我看的肯定是不一样的。另一方面就是现代化与旧城文化保护相互冲突的

问题。

主：Then let?s see what are the differences between a foreigner?s expectations and what the Chinese would like to see.

客：这个问题看来最好这么来谈。。。。一般情况下，中国朋友带我们参观城市时，都是带我们去看现代建筑。。。比如机场、大桥、会展中心。。。等等城市里最新的东西。但是外国人对老城区、小街小巷、古旧建筑更感兴趣，。。。也就是那些使这个城市有别于我们所看过的其他城市的东西。一个外国人到过世界上的其他地方可能比一般中国人多，所见过的机场和桥梁对他们来说没什么太大的不同，但是西安的庙宇他们就觉得有别与法国的教堂，更重要的是，中国城市的老房子更有别于英国城市的老房子。

主：That is to say, foreigners are interested in the things unique in China, but there is a contradiction between modernization and preservation, as you mentioned just now from another perspective. The space of a city is limited; the old part of the city should be reconstructed, and in fact the new buildings are symbols of the prosperity of a city. Isn?t this a good thing?

客：当然，繁荣与发展对你们来说是很重要的，对我们来说也是很重要。问题是当一个国家发展的时候，人民的生活水平也随之提高，甚至可能提高很快。。。他们需要让别人看到这种变化的事实。你们似乎忽略了对以前事物保护的需要，不止是保护那些庙宇或者宫殿。。。而是应该保护人们居住的房屋，保护老城区的原貌。文化遗产一旦遭到

破坏，你们是无法挽回这种损失的。

主：Y ou are quite right. People nowadays are starting to realize the importance of the preservation of heritage. Some local governments are making great efforts to deal with the contradiction between development and preservation. Well, because of the limitation of the time, I?m afraid we have to stop now, thank you ever so much for your coming to discuss this topic with us. We hope you?ll come again.

Lesson 6

6.3

每当谈及饮食卫生问题时，你可能会直接联想到青少年，其实，许多不良饮食习惯开始于孩提时代。

小孩子的不良饮食习惯有许多表现方式，它包括用餐没有规律，经常吃的过饱或经常饿肚子，有些孩子可能已经开始食用最没有营养的垃圾食品，专吃某一食品或着不愿吃某一食品。

当你的孩子明显地表现出只想吃花生酱和果冻三明治时，作为家长就要注意寻找孩子缺乏卫生饮食习惯的原因。

假如家长怀疑他们的孩子有了不良的饮食习惯，他们就该带孩子看健康方面的专家，比如通科的医生、心理医生或者营养师。

但是在帮助孩子改变态度以及不良习惯的过程中，家长本身也能起到一个重要的作用，因为孩子会仿效他们家长的饮食习惯。比如说，如果家长正在节食，他们应该注意到他们没有让他们的孩子误以为面包

和粮食是不好的食品。

家长们对培养健康的饮食习惯应该发挥积极的作用，因为全家都需要健康，改变不良的饮食习惯应该落实到每个家庭成员。孩子们的不良饮食习惯应该尽早就能被发现。

6.4 国际烟草控制公约

女士们、先生们：

首先，我要告诉大家一个好消息。一个以降低死亡与疾病主要原因为目的的公约刚刚生效。这个公约叫《烟草控制框架公约》。它是由世界卫生组织主持达成的第一个国际公共卫生条约。

已经有160个国家在公约上签字，签了约的国家必须在他们的国家批准该公约。迄今为止，已批准了公约的国家接近60个。但是只有40个国家需要批准使之生效。该公约在2005年2月27日生效。

各缔约国必须提高香烟和其他烟草制品的价格和税收，他们必须打击非法的烟草制品贸易，必须采取措施减少公共场所被动吸烟等。

公约还禁止烟草广告以及烟草商进行赞助活动。但是这样的限制必须不会冒犯该国的宪法规定。

公约号召各烟草公司为大众生产香烟替代品。健康的警告词不应该包括可能让吸烟者误以为某些香烟的危害程度比其他香烟小的信息。专家说所有的香烟都是不安全的。

缔约国还必须支持开展帮助人们戒烟的活动。应该开展告诫人们不要吸烟的教育活动。