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自考综合英语二(上册下册) 作文 (全)

自考综合英语二（上册\下册）作文

自考综合英语二（上册）作文

L1 Twelve things I wish they teach at school

Q: Why does the author tell us not to be afraid to ask stupid questions?

A: The author thinks that many apparently naive inquiries like why grass is green, or why the sun is round，or why we need 55.000 nuclear weapons in the world are really deep questions. He says when you try to get the answers，you will gain deep understanding of the things. It’s also important to know, as well as you can, what it is that you don't know, and asking questions is the way. He also tells us that to ask “stupid” questions require s courage on the part of the asker and knowledge and patience on the part of the answerer. And do n’t confine your learning to schoolwork. Discuss ideas in depth with frien ds. It’s much braver to ask questions even when there's a prospect of ridicule than to suppress your questions and become deadened to the world around you.

List two of the things Carl Sagan mentions in his article “Twelve things I wish they teach at schoo l” and explain why you think them important.

Of the things Carl Sagan wished he had learned in high school, I think that “Don?t be afraid to ask…stupid?questions” and“Everyone makes mistakes” are more important than others.

If we are eager to learn, we are sure to find a lot of things we don’t understand. Asking question is a way of learning. Questions regarded as “stupid” may be intelligent and profound ones. They may lead to important discoveries, and while trying to get answers we may gain insights into matters of importance.

It is also important to know that our understanding is limited and that we can’t avoid making mistakes. What is important is to learn from our mistakes. In others words, we must think hard and try to find out why we make mistakes so that we will not make the same or similar mistakes again. This thinking process is an important aspect of learning.

L2 ICON

Q: what are the factors shift from hero-worship to the celebrity-worship?

A:The new forms of media-photography, moving pictures, radio and television are the main factors.

The reproduction of photos in newspapers turned famous people into celebrities whose dress, appearance, and personal habits were widely commented upon. Slowly, the focus of public attention began to shift away from knowing what such people did to knowing what they looked like.

The shift was accelerated by the arrival of moving pictures. Between1901 and 1914, 74 percent of the magazine articles about famous people were about political leaders, inventors, professionals, and businessmen. After1922, however, most articles were about movie stars.

With the arrival of television, the faces of the stars became as familiar as those we saw across the breakfast table. We came to know more about the lives of the celebrities than we did about most of the people we know personally. Less than seventy years after the appearance of the first moving pictures, the shift from hero-worship to celebrity-worship was complete.

What are the differences between heroes or heroines and celebrities?

There are three distinctions between heroes or heroines and celebrities. The distinctions are classified on the bases of quality, origin and social effect.

First, heroes or heroines are men and women distinguished by uncommon courage, achievements, and self-sacrifice for the benefit of others. They are famous for their enduring achievements. Celebrities are people well-known for their

well-knownness, who become famous because of much publicity and not of any enduring achievements.

Second, to become a hero or heroine, one needs accomplishment; to become celebrity, one needs luck. Heroes or heroines are

distinguished by their accomplishment; celebrities by their image or trademark. Heroes or heroines create themselves; celebrities are created by the media. Heroes or heroines are big men and women; celebrities are big names.

Third, heroes or heroines inspire respect. They are people against whom we measure others. Celebrities inspire envy. Except for the attention celebrities get from the media, they are exactly like common people.

L3 Go- Go American Q: what?s the American?s attitude towards time?

A: In the United States, many people keenly feel the shortness of each life-time. They are aware that once a day in their life is gone, it will never comeback. And Americans believe no one stands still. If you are not moving ahead, you are falling behind. So they value time and want every minute to count.

This attitude towards time is shown in the fast pace of life in the country. Whatever they do they always seem to be in a rush. You find people hurrying to get where they are going. They hurry to eating places for a meal and finish it as quickly as possible.

Also Americans do what they can to save time. They produce a lot of labor-saving devices such as clothes-and dish-washers; they rapidly communicate through phone calls, telex and e-mail and cut down on personal contacts.

Summarize some striking characteristics of American life. Give some examples to illustrate the characteristics

“Time is money,” say Americans, since you are allowed only this much of time in your life, you’d better make the best use of it.” In the United-Stated, highly efficient and well-organized people are admired. These people will list all the things that they are going to do, draw up plans and carry them out one by one. In this country, an ideal person turns up at meeting on time, fulfils an appointment punctually按时and does not waste other people’s time.

Fast-food chains, such as McDonald’s, Kentuckey Fried Chicken(KFC) and Pizza Hut (PH), can be found everywhere in America, and are very popular among American people, since many people try to spend less time in cooking and eating. Americans like electronic communication, too. They do their business by using the telephone, the E-mail and the internet, they hold “teleconferences” to settle problem, and they obtain various kinds of information on the internet. In shor t, they want every minute to count

L4 Take over Boson

Q: Can you image what did Barrett think of when he heard Snyder?s whisper “take over bos o n”?

A: Because of thirst, Barnet was almost out of mind. He rose several times and was a constant threat. But when he heard Snyder said“Take over boson”, he had a strange feeling suddenly. He came to realize he would and must

take over the task and be responsible for the rest. As long as he stopped others from the little water, they would always have hopes and wouldn't die soon. So he picked Snyder’s gun up and decided to hold off the other from the water until night when a ship saved them.

Have you ever found yourself suddenly in a position of leadership? Describe your experience.

L5 Are you giving your kid too much Q: Why parents overindulge their children?

There are several reasons to explain why parents overindulge their children. One fairly common reason is that parents overindulge their children out of a sense of guilt. Parents who both hold down full-time jobs may feel guilty about the amount of time they spend away from their children and may attempt to compensate by

showering them with material possessions. Other parents overindulge because they want their children to have everything they had while growing up, along with those things the parents yearned for but didn't get. Still others are afraid to say no to their children' s endless requests for toys for fear that their children will feel unloved or will be ridiculed if they don't have the same playthings their friends have.

L6 Culture shock

Q: What are four stages that people go through when they experience situations that are very different from those to which they are accustomed?

A: Stage one is a honeymoon phase, during which the new experience is perceived to be interesting, picturesque, entertaining, and charming. You may notice several superficial differences such as music, food, and clothing, and the fresh appeal of the new experience keeps you feeling interested and positive. When you stay in a new environment for a while, you move to stage two-the crisis stage-in which the shine wears off and day-to-day realities sink in. In relationship, you notice annoying habits; in a new country, you find barriers to establishing connections or to learning the language beyond a few polite phrases. If you stick with the experience and try to deal with it realistically, you will probably move to the third phase: recovery. In recovery, you learn the systems, procedures, language or nonverbal behaviors of the new environment so that you can cope with it on the basis of some mastery, competence, and comfort. Finally, when you feel that you function well and almost automatically in the new culture, you will move to the fourth phase: adjustment.

Have you ever experienced culture shock? Did you finally adjust to the new environment?

Studying abroad greatly appeals to young people. It is really a brand-new experience which provides us with the opportunities to discover new things. But we have to be mentally prepared for the problems with which we may be confronted. Owing to the differences in social system, belief, values and way of life, we may suffer culture shock and it is hard for us to be adapted to the new environment.

Usually, we need to go through four stages to get accustomed to a new place. The four stages are honeymoon, crisis, recovery and adjustment. On arriving in a foreign country, we may feel excited, and everything appears wonderful. But when we enter the second stage, we feel that things are not so good as we have expected. We begin to miss our homes and tend to give it up. However, as long as we stick with it, we can overcome this culture shock, be adapted to and finally get benefit from this new culture.

How do people adjust themselves to a new environment?

In a new environment people will go through four stages when they experience situations that are very different from those to which they are accustomed. Stage one is a honeymoon phase, during which the new experience is perceived to be interesting, picturesque, entertaining, and charming. You may notice several superficial differences, and the fresh appeal of the new experience keeps you feeling interested and positive. Stage two is the crisis stage, in which the shine wears off and day-to-day realities sink in. the difficulties and unpleasantness of reality replace the charming and picturesque “honeymoon”. Stage three is a recovery stage. In which they learn the systems, procedures, language or nonverbal behaviors of the new environment so that you can cope with it on the basis of some mastery, competence, and comfort. Stage

four, the adjustment stage, occurs when they feel that they function well and almost automatically in the new culture.

A greater enjoyment of the new experience is now possible, and they may regain some of the initial positive regard they had in the honeymoon stage.

L7 Model Millionaire I

Q: Suppose you are the millionaire. Explain how you get to know Hughie Erskine and what you do in return for the pound be gave you when you first met?-

A: I' m Baron Husberg. I have enough money to buy the whole of London. One day, on a whim I asked my artist friend Alan Trevor to paint me as a beggar. Alan had almost finished the picture when a very charming young man walked into his studio. I suppose he must have been very sympathetic with me, for when Alan was away a minute, the young man quickly put a pound into my hat. I was startled for a moment, but I was pleased when I realized that he took me for a real beggar. Later I learned from Alan all about this young man: he was poor, and could not marry the girl he loved because her father wouldn’t let them unless he had 10,000 pounds. Touched by the young man’s spirit of kindness, I decided to help him. The next day I had a cheque for 10, 000 pounds delivered to him as a wedding gift.

L8 Model Millionaire II

Q: Retell the story “the model millionaire”.

A:Hughie Erskine was a charming young man who was in love with a nice girl called Laura Merton. Laura’s father made it clear to Hughie that he would not marry his daughter to him until Hughie had the thousand pounds.

One day, Hughie went to see his artist friend Alan Trevor in his studio. There he found his friend painting a beggar, who was an old man in rags. Hughie felt so sorry for the poor model that he gave him the only pound he had.

The old model was actually a millionaire. When he heard all about Hughie and Laura, and their problem, he had a cheque for ten thousand pounds delivered to him the very next day. The couple were happily married, and the "beggar" attended their wedding.

The story shows that a genuine millionaire is not one who has, but who gives.

Which is more important to you: a more comfortable life or a meaningful one?

L9 Only three more days

Q: The author got a solution finally. What was the solution? Was it risky?

A: He laid out the diaries in two big steel suitcases. Over them he placed a number of his broadcast scripts, each page of which had been stamped by the military and civilian censors as passed for broadcast. On top he put a few General Staff maps he had picked up from friends. Then he phoned the Gestapo Headquarters to say he had a couple of suitcases full of his dispatches, broadcasts and notes that he wanted to take out of the country. As he was flying off early the next day, there would be no time for Gestapo officials at the airfield to go over the contents. Could they take a look now, if he brought them over; and if they approved, put a Gestapo seal on the suit-cases so he wouldn't be held up at the airport?

Yes, it was risky. He thought life in the Third Reich（raik）had always been risky. It was worth a try.

How did the author spend his last two days in Berlin?

L10 The washwoman

Q: Describe the situation that I saw the old woman for last time.

A: One evening, while Mother was sitting near the oil lamp mending a shirt, the door opened and a small puff of steam, followed by a gigantic bag, entered the room. I ran toward the old woman and helped her unload her bag. She was even thinner now, more bent. Her head shook from side to side as though she were saying no. She could not utter a clear word, but mumbled something with her sunken mouth and pale lips.

After the old woman had r ecovered somewhat, she told us that she had been ill badly. But as soon as she was able to stand on her feet once more, she began her washing. She said "I could not rest easy in my bed because of the wash. The wash would not let me die. “I don't want to be a burden on anyone!”

What do you think is the most admirable quality of the old woman in the text “The washwoman”

The old washwoman had a very strong sense of duty. Every piece of laundry she did was clean and neatly ironed. One harsh winter, she felt ill after she collected a great deal of laundry. She was so sick that a doctor and some neighbors thought she was dying, and a priest was sent for. However, she recovered, and as soon as she was able to stand on her feet once more, she began her washing. She couldn’t allow herself to stay in bed because of the wash. Supported by a strong sense of duty and driven by an indomitable will, she finally finished the wash, and returned it to its owners. Her story tells us that to be respected person, what work you do is not so important. What counts is your attitude. A washwoman and an economist should both be respected because they both do work society needs.

L11 How I served my apprenticeship

Q: why was Andre Carnegie so proud of the one dollar and twenty cents—the first pay he brought home?

A: Carnegie was very proud of the one dollar and twenty cents he earned for the first time in his life when he was only twelve. The money，though small in amount, meant a great deal．

First，when he got his first pay he felt that he had grown up ．He was no longer a boy who had to depend on his parents；he had become a man who was able to help support the family，a contributing member. This was important because at that time life was hard for the family and it was difficult for his parents to manage alone．

Also he thought the money was the direct reward of honest manual labor. It represented a week of very hard work. This money gave him the greatest satisfaction of being rewarded for what lie had done.

What is your view of poverty?

L12 A friend for environment

Q: Why did Rachel Carson write the silent spring? What?s the content of it?

A: Because she felt that the wonders of Nature are precious and permanent, and much of Nature was forever beyond the destruction of man. But then she discovered she was wrong .She learned with sadness that little in Nature is trap beyond the "tampering reach of man". Then, she wrote the book Silent Spring to sound a startling warning to mankind and the book

showed quite clearly that man was endangering himself and everything else on this planet by his indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides. As her title suggests, Miss Carson was saying that there might come a springtime that would indeed be silent because the birds, as well as other creatures, and plants would have been destroyed by the man-made poisons used to kill crop-threatening insects.

Carson and her Silent Spring

Rachel Carson was a scientist devoted to environment protection. She learned with sadness that little in Nature is truly beyond the “tampering reach of man”. She struggled for the harmony between Nature and man. In 1962, she published Silent Spring, a masterpiece in environment protection. In this book she pointed out clearly that man was endangering himself and everything else on this planet by his indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides. As the title suggests, there might come a springtime that would indeed be silent. It would be silent because the birds, as well as other creatures, and plants would have been destroyed by the man-made poisons used to kill crop-threatening insects. She discovered that everything on this planet is connected to everything else. Because the chemical do not break down in the soil, they tend to be endlessly recycled in the food chains on which birds and animals and man himself are completely dependent. By polluting the environment and destroying the animals and plants, man is destroying himself. Silent Spring exploded into the public consciousness and created the enthusiasm for “environment protection”.

L13 Who shall dwell

Q: In the story, how did the father?s attitude towards the neighbors change? What brought about the change?

A: When the bomb alert came, the father was clear that he had built the shelter for his own family, and that he would not let anybody else in. So when his neighbors came and asked to share the shelter he rejected them flatly. When a mother begged him to take her little girl in, he did not know what to do. At that moment his wife dashed outside and pushed the girl in. Her act set him thinking hard .Just a moment before the first bomb struck he made a big decision. After giving his elder son a few instructions, he stepped out and shoved two children into the shelter. He stood beside his wife, ready to spend the last minute with her. His change seemed sudden, but was actually quite natural. He loved his children, so he was greatly affected by the mother's plea and gave the chance of survival to the two children. Also his love for his wife led him to follow her example.

What kind of person do you think the father was in the story “Who Shall Dwell?”

The man was a loving and responsible father and husband. He believed that a man’s first Christian duty was to protect his family. He built a shelter so that they could survive a nuclear attack. When a bomb alert came, the family immediately got into their shelter. Then the neighbors came and asked to share his shelter. He rejected them at first. He seemed selfish, but deep down he felt bad. Later after his wife walked out and pushed a little girl in, he made a big decision. He told his eldest son to take care of all the younger children in the shelter. Then he walked out and pushed two other children in. he was able to give the chance of survival to others because he was by nature a good, responsible man.

L14 Cipher in the snow

Q: Describe Cliff Evan?s life before his sudden death.

How Cliff Evans Become a Zero? (The text you should base your composition on is “Cipher in the snow.”

A: Cliff Evans lived with his mother, stepfather and five younger half-brothers and half-sisters.

His stepfather had never legally adopted him, nor did he show any affection for him. At home Cliff didn't talk much and had never told his family about his problems.

When he first began school, he was timid but eager to learn. And his I﹒Q﹒was pretty good .Then in his third year a teacher wrote in the school record that he was “uncooperative and slow”. Since then he had never got an encouragement from his teachers. Gradually, the child had no more confidence left. He never smiled or talked much. He had no friends; he never belonged to a club, never played on a team and never held an office. He come to school by himself and left by himself.

In class, he would sit back in the last seat. Finally, he became silent and lonely. He became nothing/a zero.

L15 Bribery- an inevitable evil?

Q: what are the major forms of bribery?

A: Bribery can be classified into three broad categories. The first category consists of large amount of money paid for political purposes or to secure major contracts. For example, a certain American company offered big sums of money to support a U.S. presidential candidate when it was under investigation. Also in order to get big contracts, such payments are often made to ruling families or their close advisers.

The second category covers payments made to obtain quicker official approval of some project. In such cases, the money is often paid to key-government officials concerned.

The third category involves payments made in certain countries to make a business deal easy to get approved. For instance, a foreign company may pay to get permission to import equipment. A common type of this category is the "facilitating payment" to clear cargoes. These are smaller sums of money paid to customs officials.

Is Bribery an Inevitable Evil?

Bribery in business can be classified into three broad categories.

The first category consists of substantial payments made for political purposes or to secure major contracts and also large payments made to ruling families or their close advisers in order to secure arms sales or major petrochemical and construction contracts. The second category covers payments made to obtain quicker official approval of some project, to speed up the wheels of bureaucracy. The third category involves payments made in countries where it is traditional to pay people to facilitate the passage of a business deal.

It is true that bribery in business is still pervasive today. But that does not mean bribery should be eternally inevitable. All countries should take measures to fight bribery. National and international laws should be formulated to ban bribery. Political reforms should be carried out to minimize the necessity, possibility and feasibility of bribery. With the ceaseless efforts of the entire world, bribery in business can be conquered.

L16 A social event

Q: What do you know about Randy and Carole in ? why are they anxious to get invited to Scotty?s funeral?

A: Randy and Carole are a young Hollywood couple. They have been married only a short time. Both have achieved a certain degree of success in pictures, but their careers in the show business are still in the promising stage.

Scotty Woodrow, a world-famous movie star has just died, and Randy and Carole are anxious to go to his funeral, which will be a gathering of celebrities and is regarded as a big social event. It is said that flowers have come from the U . S. President and the British Queen,

Randy and Carole think it is extremely important for their career to be seen there with a lot of big shots. But they haven' t got an invitation while some of their Hollywood friends, also young actors and actresses like themselves , have been invited . That's why they are worried and are trying hard to find ways of getting themselves invited in the last minute

How do you understand the young Hollywood couple in the play?

自考综合英语二（下册）作文

L1 Courtesy: key to a happier world

Q: illustrate with example the basic ingredients of good manners Dr. Peale mentions in his article.

A: Dr. Peale lists three things as the basic ingredients of good manners: a strong sense of justice, the ability to share another person s inner feelings and the capacity to treat all people alike.

Once, a man was driving along a long, narrow and dusty road ahead of another car. Suddenly he stopped off the road and told the driver of the car behind to get ahead of him. He did not want the other person to put up with his dust all the way. This is a man with a strong sense of justice.

A courteous also understands the pain or unhappiness of others. He/she offers help without hurting the feelings of the other person because he/she shares their emotions as if they were he/she own.