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英语泛读教程1 Glossary, Book 1

英语泛读教程1 Glossary, Book 1
英语泛读教程1 Glossary, Book 1

Unit 1

illiterate (a.) 目不识丁的,文盲的tenant (n.) 房客,占用者

lyrical (a.) 热情奔放的,感情丰富的blaze (v.) 发光,照耀

wilted (a.) 枯萎的,凋谢的

chestnut oak 栗色的栎树

trample (v.) 践踏;蹂躏;蔑视;侵犯stubble (n.) 残茎,茬子

squirrel (n.) 松鼠

cornbalk (n.)

bluff (n.) 悬崖

stalk (n.) 茎,杆;叶柄,花梗

sprout (v.) 发芽,抽芽

sick (v.) 追逐,攻击

swirl (n.) 漩涡,弯曲

snap (v.) 猛地咬住;呵斥

copperhead (n.)

crawl (v.) 爬行,缓慢行进

heap (n.) 堆,堆积

loamy (a.) 肥沃的

matted (a.)

greenbriar (n.)

poise (v.)

grab (v.) 抢先,抢占

crack (v.) 破裂,断裂

whip (n.)

spurt (v.) 喷出,(使)涌出

pellet (n.) 小珠,小子弹

sling (v.) 吊起,悬挂

gray-piled (a.)

loam (n.) 沃土,肥土

writhe (v.) (因极度痛苦而)扭动或翻滚viciously (adv.) 邪恶地,恶毒地

limp (a.) 无力的,松软的,无生气的limber (a.) 柔软的

riddle (v.) 把...打得满是窟窿

quiver (v.) 微颤,抖动

incubate (v.) 孵化,培育

quail (n.) 鹌鹑

devour (v.) 吞灭,毁灭

pant (v.) 喘气,喘息

shaggy (a.) 毛发蓬松的

fleck (n.) 斑纹,斑点

ridge (n.) 背脊,峰

lark (n.) 云雀,百灵鸟

pasture (n.) 牧场,牧草地

agony (n.) 苦恼,烦闷

posthole (n.) (插旗杆或电线杆的)洞spud (n.) 小锄头

mattock (n.) 鹤嘴锄

dew (n.) 水珠,露水

windlass (n.) 卷扬机,绞盘

trail (n.) 追踪

doom (n.) 命运,厄运

coil (v.) 盘旋,卷成一圈

drooping (a.)

vigilant (a.)

trickle (v.)

gush (v.)

punch (v.)

oppress (v.)

consume (v.)

conceive (v.)

ecstasy (n.)

surpass (v.)

evolutionary (a.)

considerable (a.)

identical (a.)

manifesto (n.)

mindful (a.)

interactions (n.)

commitment (n.)

attachment (n.)

shower (v.)

sacrifice (v.)

counseling advice

hardwired (a.)

whip out

dignity (n.)

concrete (n.)

periodical (n.)

prolific (a.)

regionalist (a. / n.)

resolve (v.)

lure (v.)

stave off (v.) prognosis (n.) illusion (n.) fanfair (n.)

dull (v.) recapture (v.) carved figure (n.) bead (n.) ribbon (n.) turquoise (n.)

Unit 2

log (n.)

thaw (v.)

icicle (n.)

eave (n.) sparkle (v.) bundle (n.) strap (v.)

calico (n.)

shot (n.)

mitten (n.)

yarn (n.)

barn (n.)

leap (v.) barnyard (n.) stall (n.)

bar (n.)

slap (v.) glittering (a.) snatch (v.)

slam (v.) snuggle (v.) trundle (n.) latch-string

dot (n.)

claw (n.)

faint (a.)

chore (n.)

plow (v.) quilting (v.) pane (n.)

loft (n.)

dash off clamber (v.) cub (n.)

stroke (v.) cuddly (a.) observance (n.) resolution (n.) tidbit (n.) saddle (n.) integrity (n.) bulk (n.)

chart (n.)

post (v.)

emulate (v.) personify (v.) daring (a.) cattleman (n.) steer (n.) graze (v.) regiment (n.) loot (v.)

scout (n.)

outfit (n.)

bed down straggler (n.) scout (v.) plunger (v.) ebb (n.)

quick sands rattlesnake (n.) bonanza (n.)

on the hoof (a.) stock cattle (n.) mule (n.) dugout (n.)

Unit 3 orchard (n.) enrage (v.) monotonous (a.) versatile (a.)

insignificant (a.) gloomy (a.) costume (n.) vivacity (n.) imposing (a.) square (v.) stride (v.) studiously (adv.) loom (v.) chassis (n.) manifold (a.)

plague (n.)

wig (n.) perchance (adv.) rub (n.)

shuffle (v.)

coil (n.)

Unit 4 conservation (n.) migratory (a.) sanctuary (n.) fact sheet habitat (n.) redstart (n.) warbler (n.) woodcreeper parrot

canopy (n.) yield (n.) intensive (a.) fertilizer (n.) insecticide (n.) herbicide (n.) fungicide (n.) agronomic (a.) cropland (n.) diversity (n.) convert (v.) avifauna (n.) tropics (n.) compatible (a.)

overstory (n.) indigenous (a.) agroforestry (n.) understory (n.) organic (a.)

mulch (n.) erosion (n.) toxicities (n.) hectare (n.)

moist (n.) virtually (adv.) orchid (n.) amphibian (n.) rival (v.)

benign (a.) respectively (adv.) revenue (n.) exceed (v.)

credit (n.) conversion (n.) relentless (a.) acidification (n.) run-off (n.)

micro-climatic (a.) deliberate (a.) temperate (a.) endangered (a.) ponder (v.) portion (n.)

foster (v.) habitant (n.) revert (v.)

radical (a.) cautiously (adv.) stroke (n.) autoimmune (a.) sclerosis (n.) rheumatoid arthritis catch-all (a.) deem (v.) rodenticide (n.) fungus (n.)

rodent (n.)

unintended (a.) unanticipated (a.) conventional (a.) mortality (n.) prevalence (n.) peregrine (n.) falcon (n.) osprey (n.) unwitting (a.) contamination (n.) wrought (v.) fervor (n.) organochlorine (n.) severely (adv.) hazardous (a.) mart (n.)

bend (n.)

cut it close gauge (n.)

verge on (v.) ominously (adv.) predicament (n.) dilemma (n.) viable (a.) neotropical (a.) accumulate (v.) predator (n.) rehydration (n.) stopover site (n.) doom (v.)

entail (v.)

toll (n.)

breed (v.) collision (n.) degradation (n.) await (v.)

exploit (v.)

turf (n.)

pounce (v.) capture (v.)

anew (adv.) sumptuous (a.) repast (n.)

contaminate (v.) manifest (v.)

thorax (n.) abdomen (n.) antennae (n.) cuticle (n.)

chitin (n.) skeleton (n.) exoskeleton (n.) spiracle (n.) trachea (n.)

vein (n.)

artery (n.) digestive system (n.) nourishment (n.) muscular (a.) gizzard (n.)

grind up (v.) ganglia (n.) ganglion caterpillar (n.) larva (n.)

larvae

maggot (n.)

grub (n.)

pupa / pupae (n.) metamorphosis (n.) earwig (n.)

nymph (n.)

shed its skin moulting

imago (n.) dragonfly (n.) damselfly (n.) nalad (n.)

moth (n.) cockroach (n.)

yolk (n.)

spine (n.)

swell up

claw (n.)

sticky pad (n.)

gnat (n.)

knob (n.)

halteres (n.)

agile (a.)

hover (v.)

horsefly (n.)

bulging (a.) compound eyes (n.) dusk (n.)

ocelli (ocellus) vibration (n.)

Unit 5

times table

stack (v.)

flashcard (n.)

yell (v.)

jolly (a.)

cinch (n.)

to the core

mean (a.)

stick up (v.)

clinch (v.)

hedge (v.)

pat (v.)

spank (v.)

hollow (n.)

timber (n.)

giant (a.)

sponge (n.)

release (v.) evaporation (n.) stabilize (v.)

erode (v.)

silt (v.)

disastrous (a.) vibration (n.)

vibrate (v.)

whip (v.)

lick (n.)

make a fuss

repeat the grade closed circuit television

college admission test polytechnic (n.)

inflammatory rheumatism waterworks

pond

creek (n.)

swell (v.)

limp (v.)

pitch (v.)

tumble (v.)

dam (n.)

recess time (n.)

solemn (a.)

presently (adv.) fairground (n.)

sore (a.)

birch tree

barrel (n.)

drag (v.)

whopper (n.)

carp (n.)

freshet (n.)

wrestle (v.)

gill (n.)

slippery (a.)

wriggle (v.)

washtub (n.)

make a break conviction (n.)

Unit 6

paradise (n.)

grief (n.)

the just

fasting (n.)

bewildered (a.)

satin (n.)

shutter (v.)

drapery (n.)

coffin (n.)

clap (v.)

bear (v.)

pomegranate (n.) persimmon (n.) goblet (n.) ravenously (adv.) undress (v.)

velvet (a. / n.)

saint (n.)

yearn (v.)

chop (v.)

be beside oneself (v.) buzz (v.)

embrace (v.)

doughnut (n.) pickpocket (n.) authentic (a.) deprive (v.)

huff (n.)

tantrum (n.)

tangle (n.) disguise (n.)

sniff (n.)

stamp (v.)

pine wand (n.) mumble (v.)

nap (n.)

pucker up (v.) cinnamon (n.)

Unit 7

growl (v.)

leash (v.)

chase (v.)

harness (n.)

tent (n.)

clan (n.)

sledge (n.)

rabies (n.)

Unit 8

waistcoat

overcoat

neckcloth resemblance (n.) champagne

cork(n.)

fussy (a.)

projector (n.) departure (n.) goalkeeper (n.)

see to (v.)

spit, spat (v.)

under one’s breath clumsy (a.)

cart (n.)

hedge (n.)

chest (n.)

gallop (n.)

in the act

clink (v.)

revolver (n.)

splash (v.)

drag (v.)

hook (n.)

strip (v.)

surrender (v.)

Unit 9

canvas (n.)

frame (n.) onlooker (n.) superimposed (a.) humidity (n.) intersect (v.) conservator (n.) merge (v.) stimulation (n.) adhere to (v.) buckle (v.)

flake (v.)

warp (v.)

curator (n.)

assess (v.)

poplar (n.) serendipitously (adv.)

cottonwood (n.) resilient (a.)

contract (v.)

crack (v.)

elastic (a.)

withstand (v.)

snap back (v.)

gesso (n.)

calcium carbonate (n.) barium sulfate (n.) primer (n.)

batten (n.)

mahogany (n.) perpendicularly (adv.) grain (n.)

cradling (n.) crisscrossed (a.)

brace (v.)

infrared photography (n.) emissiography (n.) undeterred (a.)

in situ

vulnerable (a.) condense (v.)

drip (v.)

swell (v.)

split (v.)

pronounced (a.) skepticism (n.) restoration (n.) institute (n.)

dime-store (n.) magnate (n.)

season (v.)

fluctuate (v.)

flake off (v.)

intrigue (v.)

variable (a.) demonstrably (adv.) pliant (a.)

humid (a.)

verify (v.)

low-end (a.) resolution (n.)

pixel (n.)

resolve (v.) single-lens-reflex mixed blessing crop (v.) compressed (a.) discard (v.) conspicuous (a.) undetectable (a.) precision (n.) corrective (a.) belated (a.)

vital (a.) pilotless cargo ship dock (v.)

ration (n.)

orbit (v.) applaud (v.) hookup (n.) anonymity (n.) encounter (v.) inventory (n.) track (v.) capsule (n.) shuttle fleet (n.) resume (v.) staple (n.)

fanatic (a.)

fix (n.)

premium (a.)

real estate (n.) obligate (v.) mandatory (a.) quarterly (a.) compulsory (a.) sprout up (v.) upkeep (n.)

bulk (a.)

capture (v.) generate (v.) condo (n.)

lock-in (n.) amount to (v.) obligatory (a.)

spotlight (n.) acclaim (v.)

balance beam (n.) rematch (n.) pavilion (n.) marathon (n.) ultimate (a.)

referee (n.) stopwatch (n.) scorecard (n.)

host (v.)

dispel (v.)

myth (n.)

playful (a.) showcase (v.) corporate (a.) imposing (a.)

lavish (a.) representational (a.) expenditure (n.) cobble (v.)

dune (n.)

cube (n.)

pierce (v.) transparent (a.)

rod (n.)

porcupine (n.)

quill (n.)

sway (v.)

fiber-optic (a.) filament (n.) dandelion (n.) botanic (a.) installation (n.) striking (a.)

visual (a.) innovative (a.) cobblestone (n.) Ferris wheel (n.) alternating current (n.) globalise (v.) represent (v.) prototype (n.) curved (a.)

clad (v.)

porcelain (n.)

tile (n.)

allude to (v.) chinaware (n.) fruition (n.) aesthetic (n.) fabricate (v.) vanguard (n.)

off-the-shelf (a.) assemble (v.) cubelike

orient (v.) metropolitan area (n.) reverse (v.)

Unit 10

River Thames gallery (n.)

stretch (n. landmark (n.) Westminster Abbey the Tower boundary (n.) solemn (a.) procession (n.) borough (n.) meridian (n.)

radius (n.) prehistoric (a.) reconstruction (n.) generous (a.)

reign (n.) sculpture (n.) inherit (v.)

widow (n.)

armour (n.)

pottery (n.) miniature (n.) execute (v.) registry office (n.) best man (n.) identification (n.) transit (n.)

bureaucrat (n.) bikini sunbathe (v.) rig (n.) sparkle (v.) kilt (n.) bagpipe (n.) tartan (n.) badge (n.) tattoo (n.) enroll (v.)

Unit 11 trivial (a.) celery (n.) immigrate (v.) disgrace (v.) disinfect (v.) relish tray stiffly (adv.) in a row radish (n.) curly (a.) carrot (n.) slender (a.) stalk (n.) follow suit dip (n.)

flake (n.) dash (n.) revolting (a.) unison (n.) crunch (v.) zingy (a.) platter (n.) buffet (n.) retreat (n.) chase (v.) mortify (v.) nurse (v.) spectacle (n.) accent (n.) pluperfect (a.)

inflection (n.) mastery (n.) smugly (adv.) mutter (v.)

blurt (v.)

slip (a.)

resolve to (n.) gee

gizzard (n.)

stew (v.) exclaim (v.) candied (a.) shred (n.) glistening (a.) prawn (n.)

pop out

giggle (v.)

slurp (v.)

grin (v.)

sanitation (n.) mimics (n.) secretarial college owe (v.)

ritual (n.) endure (v.) recipe (n.) spaghetti (n.) repel (v.)

stringy (a.) chopstickful

pint (n.)

litre (n.)

grub (n.)

compliment (n.) civility (n.) affront (n.) engrave (v.) specimen (n.) cordially (adv.) obligation (n.) promptly (adv.)

double-sheet (n.) draft (v.) dispatch (v.) necessitate (v.) sufficient (a.) nullify (v.) exceed (v.) grace (n.) belated (a.) delinquent (a.) napkin (n.)

tuck (v.)

chin (n.)

bib (n.)

attain (v.)

entitle (v.)

revert (v.) exclusive (a.) well-bred (a.) convex (n.)

tine (n.) etiquette (n.) merit (n.) hallmark (n.) clattering (n.) relish (n.) convey (v.) drawing room (n.) arise (v.)

prior to

Unit 12

red-baked ground whitewash

kiosk exuberant (a.) hub (n.)

spiral (n.) pneumonia (n.) meningitis (n.) batter (v.) diminish (v.) engulf (v.) vitality (n.)

collapse (v.) strap (v.) thriving (v.) pitiful (a.)

scrap (n.)

ulcer (n.)

vicious (a.)

pang (n.) content (a.) exacerbate (v.) stave off (v.) supplement (v.) inevitable (a.) maize (n.)

staple (n.) deteriorate (v.) bedsit (n.)

fringe (n.) imminent (a.) consultant (n.) antirestroviral

per capita

frail (a.)

brew (v.) decline (v.) thwart (v.)

life expectancy tragedy

ragged (a.) census (n.) porridge (n.) distracting (a.) cramp (n.) extended belly striped shirt

polio (n.) gravely (a.)

dice (n.) condom

check (v.)

tidal wave sandals (n.) mock-leopard skin

英语泛读教程3 课文翻译

UNIT 2 英国人的谨慎和礼貌 在许多人看来,英国人极为礼貌,同他们交朋友很难。但愿下列文字能够帮助你更好地了解英国人的性格特点。 对于其他欧洲人来说,英国人最著名的特点是“谨慎”。一个谨慎的人不太会和陌生人聊天,不会流露出太多的情感,并且很少会兴奋。要了解一个谨慎的人并非易事;他从不告诉你有关他自己的任何事,也许你和他工作了几年,却连他住在哪儿,有几个孩子,兴趣是什么,都不知道。英国人就有类似的倾向。如果乘公共汽车去旅行,他们会尽量找一个没人坐的位子;如果是乘火车,他们会找一个没人的单间。如果他们不得不与陌生人共用一个单间时,那么即使火车驶出了很多英里,他们也不会开口交谈。一旦谈起来的话,他们不会轻易问及像“你几岁?”或者甚至“你叫什么名字?”等私人问题。像“你的手表是在哪儿买的?”或者“你的收入是多少?”这样的问题几乎不可想象。同样,在英国,人们交谈时一般声音都很轻、很有节制,大声谈话会被视为没有教养。 在某种程度上,不愿意与他人交流是一种不幸的品质,因为它可能会给人造成态度冷淡的印象。而事实上,英国人(也许除了北方人)并不以慷慨和好客而著称。而另一方面,虽然谨慎使他们不易与人沟通,但他们内心还是很有人情味的。如果一个陌生人或外国人友善地将这种隔阂打破那么一会儿,他们可能会满心欢喜。 与英国人的谨慎紧密相连的品质是英国式的谦逊。在内心深处,英国人可能比任何人都高傲,但是当他们与别人相处时,他们十分看重谦逊的品质,至少要表现出谦虚的样子。自我标榜会被认为没有教养。让我们假设,有一个人非常擅长打网球,但如果有人问他是否是个优秀选手时,他很少会说“是”,不然,人们会认为他很高傲。他可能会作出类似这样的回答,“不算太差,”或者“嗯,我非常喜欢网球。”这样的自我贬低是典型的英国式的。而且当这一品质与他们的谨慎混合在一起时,常常形成一种漠然的气氛,这在外国人看来难于理解,甚至令人恼火。 著名的英国人的幽默感也是大同小异。它的出发点是自我贬低,它的最大对手是高傲,它的理想境界是自嘲的能力——嘲笑自己的错误、自己的失败和窘境,甚至自己的理想。在英国,人们非常看重幽默感,常常能听到“他一点幽默感都没有”这样的批评。幽默感是一种对生活的态度而并非仅仅是开玩笑的能力。这种态度决非残酷、不敬或是怀有恶意的。英国人不会嘲笑一个跛子或者疯子,也不会嘲笑一个悲剧或者一次可敬的失败。同情心或者对艺术技巧的崇敬比嘲笑的份量重得多。 同幽默感一样,运动员精神是英国式的理想,这一点并非所有的英国人都做得到。必须认识到,现代形式的运动几乎都是英国人发明的。拳击、英式足球、网球以及板球都是在英国首次组织并且制定出规则的。规则是运动的精髓,运动员精神是指按照规则从事体育运动的能力,同时也表现在对对手的慷慨大度,以及失败后的良好心态。此外,运动员精神作为一种理想模式也普遍适用于日常生活。其中最基本的生活规则之一就是“不打跌倒的人”。换言之,就是不要利用别人的不幸。英国的男孩子常常在相互交往中把这种运动员精神表现得淋漓尽致。 英国人的另一特点就是礼貌。总的来说,英国式的礼貌习惯都不很正式。所有的礼貌都是建立在这样的基本原则之上:为别人着想,同时也认可别人对你的关心。在麻烦别人时,如:从某人前面经过,或者打断某人的谈话,或者向陌生人请教问题时,要先说“对不起”,为给对方带来的不便预先道歉。“抱歉”一词表示对意外打扰或者违反礼仪的歉意。如果有人提出或者暗示某个要求,如:“我可以借你的钢笔吗嘛?”或者“现在几点了?”或者“还有七码的鞋吗?”,而你无法满足这种要求时,也要说“抱歉”而不是“不”。“请原谅?”是用来要求别人重复所说内容时的礼貌说法。在英国,除了在学校,人们在请求发言时,不再用“请”这个词。在国外非常普遍的词组“不,请”,在英国本土听起来却会很别扭。“好

大学英语泛读教程4(第三版)自测Reading Master 1_Test Bank_Unit 12

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