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研究生基础综合英语(邱东林版)中英对照

研究生基础综合英语(邱东林版)中英对照
研究生基础综合英语(邱东林版)中英对照

Unit One:Education

Text:In Praise of the F Word对F的赞美

Tens of thousands of 18-year-olds will graduate this year and be handed meaningless diplomas. These diplomas won’t look any different from those awarded their luckier classmates.Their validity will be questioned only when their employers discover that these graduates are semiliterate.

今年,将有成千上万的18岁学生毕业并被授于毫无意义的文凭。这些文凭对每个人都是一样的,没有一点差别,而不管学生的成绩如何.但当雇主发现他们没有实际能力时,文凭的有效性就会被质疑。

Eventually a fortunate few will find their way into educational repair shops-adult-literacy programs, such as the one where I teach basic grammar and writing. There, high school graduates and high school dropouts pursuing graduate-equivalency certificates will learn the skills they should have learned in school . They will also discover they have been cheated by our educational system.

即使少数幸运的人找到了成人进修的地方,像我教语法和写作的地方。在这里,高中毕业和高中辍学的学生为了追求等价的毕业证书必需学习他们本应该在学校学习的东西。他们会发现自己被我们的教育系统所欺骗。

As I teach,I learn a lot about our schools.Early in each session I ask my students to write about an unpleasant experience they had in school . No writers’ block here! ― I wish someone would have had made me stop doing drugs and made me study .‖ ‖I liked to party and no one seemed to care .‖ ―I was a good kid and didn’t cause any trouble,so they just passed me along even though I didn’t read well and couldn’t write.‖ And so on.

当我教他们的时候,我从我们的课堂上学到了很多。在每次开班,首先我会让学生写一下关于他们在学校的一次很不愉快的经历。每个学生都会有这样的经历。有人说:―我希望有一个人可以使我停止吸毒,让我好好学习。‖;有人说:―我喜欢聚会,但好像没有人注意过我‖;有人说:―我是一个好孩子,没有制造过任何麻烦。所以尽管学习不好,考试还是让我通过。‖等等。

I am your basic do-gooder, and prior to teaching this class I blamed the poor academic skills our kids have today on drugs ,divorce and other impediments to concentration necessary for doing well in school. But ,as I rediscover each time I walk into the classroom ,before a teacher can expect students to concentrate ,he has to get their attention ,no matter what distractions may be at hand .There are many ways to do this ,and they have much to do with teaching style .However , if style alone won’t do i t,there is another way to show who holds the winning hand in the classroom. That is to reveal the trump card of teacher .

我是教过这个班级的先届老师和他们最初级的改良者。我痛斥那些拙劣的教学方式,以至于今天我们的孩子们陷入吸毒,离婚和其他使他们不能专注于学习的困扰。但是,当我每次走进教室都会发现的是,在一名老师期望可以引起学生的注意之前,他已经吸引了学生的注意,而不管面临什么样的干扰。有很多方式可以做到这一点,并且老师们在教学风格方面还亟待改进。然而,如果教学风格不能做到这点,还有另一种方法使你成为教室里的导引者,那就是使用教师的杀手锏。

I will never forget a teacher who played that card to get the attention of one of my children. Our youngest,a world-class charmer ,did little to develop his intellectual talents but always got by until Mrs.Stifter became his teacher .

我永远都忘不了那位曾用她独特的方式来吸引我儿子注意力的那位老师。我最小的儿子后来成为了世界级魔术师,但在Stifter 女士成为他的老师之前,学习总是不怎么努力却总能过关,直到Stifter 女士当了他的老师,这种局面就改变了。

Our son was a high school senior when he had her for English. ―He sits in the back of the room talking to his friends ,‖ she told me . ―Why don’t you move him to the front row ?‖ I urged, believing the embarrassment would get him to settle down. Mrs.Stifter looked at me steely-eyed over her glasses.‖I don’t move seniors,‖she said. ―I flunk them.’I was flustered. Our son’s academic life flashed before my eyes.No teacher had ever threatened him weth that before .

当她教我们儿子英语的时候我们儿子还是一个高中生。她对我说:―你们儿子总是坐在教室后面和他的朋友说话。‖我敦促她说―为什么你不把他调到前排‖,相信他坐在前排被那么多人看着就会好好学习。Stifter女士用坚毅的眼神通过她的眼镜看着我说:―我不会为他们调位,他们已经是高中生了,我让他们不及格。‖我很慌张。

I regained my composure and managed to say that I thought she was right . By the time I got home I was feeling pretty good about this .It was a radical approach for these times .but ,well ,why not ? ―She’s going to flunk you,‖I told my son. I did not discuss it any further. Suddenly English became a priority in his life. He finished out the semester with an A.

我们儿子的学术生涯从我的眼前一闪而过。在这之前从没有老师威胁过他。我恢复了平静,也认为她做的是对的。当回到家时我对这个方式感觉很好。它是一个好的激降法。为什么不这样做呢?于是我告诉我的儿子:―她准备让你不基格。‖我其它什么也没说。突然英语在他的生活中处于优先地位。他这个学期的成绩竟然得了一个A。

I know one example doesn’t make a case,but at night I see a parade of students who are angry and resentful for having been passed along until they could no longer even pretend to keep up. Of average intelligence or better,they eventually quit school, concluding they were too dumb to finish.‖I should have been held back‖ is a comment I hear frequently.Even sadder are those students who are high school graduates who say to me after a few weeks of class,‖I don't know how I ever got a high school diploma.‖

我知道一个例子虽然不能充分说明全部,但是在晚上我看到满是愤怒和怨恨的游行学生,由于被忽略掉,他们甚至不能再这样假装的忍耐下去。即使智力一般的或更好的学生, 由于认为他们太笨,而使他们最终退学。―我应该被留下‖是我听到的最频繁的话。更令人悲哀的是,那些高中毕业生过了几周对我说:―我不知道我曾经是怎么获得了一个高中毕业证。‖

Passing students who have not mastered the work cheats them and the employers who expect graduates to have basic skills.We excuse this dishonest behavior by saying kids can’t learn if they come from terrible environments.No one seems to stop to think that-no matter what environments they come from-most kids don't put school first on their list unless they perceive something is at stake.They’d rather be sailing.

让一个对自己的学业都没掌握好的学生毕业,不仅欺骗了他们自己,也欺骗了那些认为毕业生们都掌握了基本技能的雇主们。我们可以对这个不诚实的行为辩解说,孩子们不能学习是因为他们周围的环境太糟糕。似乎没有人停下来思考过这个问题——无论孩子们来自什么环境,大部分孩子并不会把学业放在第一位,除非他们意识到这种做法有一定风险。他们宁愿随波逐流。

Many students I see at night could give expert testimony on unemployment,chemical dependency,abusive relationships.In spite of these for a better job or the need to hang on to the one they’ve got.They have a healthy fear of f ailure.

我在夜校看到的学生的状况——被解雇、对毒品的依赖和家庭暴力等——可以给出有力的证明。尽管有这样许多的困难,他们依然把接受教育放在优先的位置,他们被他们心里的希望激励着,或是出于要找到一份好的工作,或是出于对保持现有工作的需要。他们对失败都有一个健康的心理。

People of all ages can rise above their problems, but they need to have a reason to do so. Young people generally do n’t have the maturity to value education in the same way my adult students value it. But fear of failure, whether economic or academic ,can motivate both.

所有年龄段的人都能克服他们的问题,但他们需要一个这样做的理由。年轻人通常不像我的那些成年的学生一样有一个成熟的心态去看待教育。但是对失败的害怕,可以激励他们,无论是在经济上或是学术上。

Flunking as a regular policy has just as much merit today as it did two generations ago.We must review the threat offlunking and see it as it really is—a postive teaching tool.It is an expression of confidence by both tecahers and parents that the students have the ability to learn the material presented to them.However,making it work again would take adedicated,caring conspiracy betwwen teachers and parents. It would mean that teachers would have to follow through on their threats, and parents would have to stand behind them, knowing their children's best interests are indeed at stake. This means no more doing Scott's assignments for him because he might fail. No more passing Jodi because she's such a nice kid.

考试不让通过作为一个策略,具有许多优点无论是在现在还是在两个世纪以前。我们在看到他的危险之外,必须看到这确实是一个积极的教育工具。老师和家长应该对此具有信心,即学生完全有能力学会你所给他的东西。然而,要让其重新行之有效必须要做出一些奉献,老师和家长应该合作起来。这将意味着两者都必须要正视这个现实中的困境——让不学习的学生通过,可以避免短时的悲痛,但却注定了他们长期的无知。这意味着教师们在了解了他的危害之后必须要坚持到底,并且家长们在了解了他们孩子的最终利益受到危害之后必须坚定的站在老师的这一边。这意味着,不再替Scott做作业是因为这样会给他带来失败,不让Scott通过是因为他是一个如此优秀的孩子。

This is a policy that worked in the past and can work today. A wise teacher, with the support of his parents, gave our son the opportunity to succeed--or fail . It's time we returned this choice to all students.

这是一个在过去和现在都行之有效的方法。一个聪明的老师,在家长们的支持下,要给我们的孩子机会成功或失败。现在是时间让我们重新回到这个抉择了。

Text B:Essence of Education教育的本质

Robery W. Tracinki

The essence of education is the teaching of facts and reasoning skills to our children, so that they learn to think.

教育的本质是向我们的孩子们教授事实和推理的技能,让他们学会思考。

Yet almost a century, our schools have been under assault by an approach to education that elevates feelings over facts. Under the influence of Progressive Education -- It is now more important than getting him in touch with the facts of history, mathematics or geography.

然而几乎一个世纪以来,我们的学校都在受到一种将感受凌驾于事实之上的教育方法的攻击。在进步教育的影响下——让学生了解历史事实、数学或地理都不如感觉重要。

"Creative spelling"-- in which students are encouraged to spell words in whatever way they feel is correct - is more important than the rules of language. Urging children to "feel good" about themselves is more important than ensuring that they acquire the knowledge necessary for living successfully.

―创造性的拼写‖——鼓励学生以任何他们感觉正确的方式拼写单词—这比语言规则更加重要。鼓励孩子们对自己―感觉良好‖比确保他们获得顺利生活所必需的知识更为重要。

This emotion-centered, anti-reason assault on education has found a new ally: those who believe the literal words of the Bible. The Kansas Board of Education has just excised the theory of evolution from the state's official science standards. Several other states have enacted similar anti-evolution policies, thereby elevating the feeling of religious fundamentalists over the accumulated evidence of the entire science of biology.

这种以情绪为中心、反对理性的对教育的攻击已经找到了新的同盟军:那些相信圣经上文学词汇的人。堪萨斯州教育理事会刚刚推翻了该州官方科学标准中的进化论。几个其他的州已经颁布了相似的反对进化政策,从而将宗教原教旨的感受凌驾于整个生物科学所累积的证据之上。

These policies do not actually ban the teaching of evolution, nor do they mandate the teaching of ―Creationism‖ ----biblical claim that the Earth and all life on it were created in six days. They simply drop evolution from the required curriculum. The goal of the religious activities is to keep students ignorant of the theory of evolution, or to encourage the teaching of evolution and Creationism side-by-side, as two "competing" theories.这些政策实际上并不禁止教授进化论,他们也不命令教授特创论——圣经上说地球及其上的所有生命是在六天中被创造出来的。他们只是在必修课程中排除了进化论。宗教活动的目的是令学生对进化论的原理保持无知,或者是鼓励同时教授进化论和特创论,把他们作为两个相互竞争的理论。

Consider what this latter would mean in the classroom. On the one side, teachers would present the theory of evolution, supported by countless observations, all integrated into a comprehensive explanation of virtually every fact in its field.

考虑一下后一种做法在课堂上意味这什么吧。一方面,教师将呈现进化论的原理,一个被无数观察者所支持,整合了对领域内每一个方面解释的综合理论。

On the other side, teachers would present -- what? All that the Creationist view offers is the assertion by would-be authorities that an ancient religious text reveals that 10,000 years ago God created the world in six days.

另一方面,教师将教授——什么?特创论信奉者的观点只是自诩为权威的人的断言,即一部古老的宗教书揭示了一万年以前上帝在六天中创造了世界。

Some of these religious activists claim that they reject the teaching of evolution because it is "unproven," since it lacks "sufficient evidence."

一些宗教激进分子宣称他们反对教授进化论,因为它―未经证明‖,由于它缺乏―充分的证据‖

Yet their arguments systematically reject the need for proof and evidence. Scientists can point to a billion-year-long fossil record of continuous changes across a11 species as they develop from more-primitive to present-day forms. They can point to the natural variations among members of a species, variations that change from one climate to another as species adapt to their environment. But the Creationist categorically dismisses the evidence - because it contradicts biblical dogma.

然而,他们的论点恰好系统地反对检验和证据的需要。科学家们能够指出一百万年以来的化石记录,它记载了所有物种从原始形态发展到今天的形态的持续变化。他们能够指出在中物种成员之间的自然变异,这些为适应环境、随气候的变化而发生的变异。但是特创论的信奉者明确的拒绝这样的证据,因为它与圣经教义相悖。

The central issue is not whether there is enough scientific evidence to validate a particular conclusion - but whether science as such, rather than faith, is the basis for arriving at conclusions. There can be no scientific debate between these two positions. There can be no rational argument between a view that rests on observation and reason, and one that rests on blind faith - i.e., on its adherents' desire to believe something, irrespective of logic.

中心问题不在于是否有足够的科学证据来证实某个特定的结论-而在于科学本身而非信仰,是否是得到结论的基础。在这两种立场之间不可能有科学的辩论。一中观点依靠观察和推理,另一种观点依靠盲目的信仰-即依靠追随者相信某件事的渴望而不考虑逻辑,在这两种观点之间不可能有理性的争论。

If the Creationist approach were taken seriously, what would remain of education? If

evidence and reasoning are to be "balanced" by faith or feeling - what, then, would not belong in the curriculum? Even the theory that the Earth is flat has proponents who feel it is true. More to the point, what is to stop teachers from presenting any other nonrational view of the origin of man? Why not give equal time to, say, the Nazi claim the white race descended from the superior Aryans?

假如特创论的观点被当真,那教育将剩下什么呢?如果证据和推理被信仰和感觉所平衡,那么什么将不属于课程的一部分呢?即使地球是平的这样的理论也有人认为它是正确的。此外,什么将阻止教师教授其他关于人类起源的非理性观点?为什么不用同样的时间来讲解诸如纳粹认为白种人是源自高等雅利安人的观点?

The most ominous implication of the Creationist position is its belief that, in judging the truth of an idea, one can simply ignore rational evidence - if it clashes with one's desire to believe otherwise. This is a disastrous methodology to inculcate in our children - and it is even more dangerous to back it up with the ruling of a government body.

特创论立场最坏的暗示是它相信在判断一个想法的真实性时,一个人完全可以忽视理性的证据-只要它与一个人相信其他事情的愿望相冲突。把这样的方法论灌输给我们孩子是灾难性的-而用政府组织的统治来支持这种观点则更加危险。

The crucial role of education is to provide young people with the information and methods they need in order to learn how to think independently. Education has liber a ted mankind from the shackles of myth, s uperstition and unchallenged tradition. But the prevailing trend - from both the "progressive left" and the "religious right" -- is to reverse this development, by enshrining feeling over fact s and faith over reason.

教育的极其重要角色是为年轻人提供能够使学会如何独立思考的这些信息和方法。教育已经将人类从神话、迷信和未受质疑的传统中解放了出来。但现在普遍的趋势——从―进步左翼‖和―宗教右翼‖两方面来看-都在把感受凌驾于事实之上,把信仰凌驾于理性之上,这样做是在倒转发展的方向。

If campaigns such as the one against teaching evolution are allowed to succeed, the ultimate result will be the extinction of genuine education.

如果类似一个反对教授进化论的运动被允许取得成功,最终的结果将是真正的教育的灭绝。

Unit Two:Love

Text A:A Wedding Gift结婚礼物

Elizabeth Economies伊利莎白?埃科诺莫

I had always dreamed of being proposed to in a Parisian cafe, under dazzling stars, like the one in a Van Gogh knockoff that hangs in my studio apartment. Instead, my boyfriend asked me to marry him while I was wandering the bathroom mirror.

我一直有这样的梦想:星光灿烂的网上,在一家巴黎咖啡馆能有人向我求婚。那个咖啡馆就像梵高所画的―夜晚的咖啡馆‖,我的工作室墙上就挂着一幅此画的翻印本。然而,我男朋友却在我用―稳得新‖擦洗卫生间镜子的时候叫我嫁给他。

At 40 years old, it was my turn. 1 had gracefully stepped aside and watched both my twin sister and our baby sister take the matrimonial plunge before me? 1 had been a bridesmaid seven times and a maid of honor three times. 1 had more pastel-colored, taffeta dresses than a consignment shop.

我已经上40岁,是该轮到我了,我已经体面地让开,眼看着孪生妹妹还有小妹在我之前出嫁,我做过女傧相7次,伴娘3次,我的淡颜色塔夫绸衣服比寄物店都多。

My fiancé, George, and I are Greek-American, but we wanted a simple, elegant affair. No entourage of bridesmaids and groomsmen. No silly slideshow revealing details of our courtship. This would be an intimate gathering, neither big nor fat, with 100 or so guests. In our families that is intimate.

我的未婚夫乔治和我都是希腊裔美国人,但是我们想办一个简朴、大方的婚礼。不需要很多伴娘伴郎。也不放映幻灯片,展示求婚的细节,那太傻了,这会是一次很温馨的聚会,请的人不多也不铺张,100个左右的宾客吧。在我们的家族,那算是小圈子内的聚会。

My job as a publicist to a monomaniacal orchestra conductor had just vanished, so 1 had lots of time to devote to my new project. George, who worked 60 hours a week as a pharmacist, now had a second job: listening to me whine about the wedding. After all, this was my show, and 1 was the director.

我为一位偏执狂的管弦乐队指挥做公关刚刚结束,因而我有很多时间投入到我这个新的项目上。乔治是药剂师,每周工作60小时,现在又有一份工作:听我抱怨婚礼一事。这毕竟是我表现的时候,得有我说着算。

But the more time and effort 1 put in, the more the universe tried to thwart me. The Greek band from Los Angeles that 1 wanted wasn't available. The stitching 1 had requested for my cathedral veil was all wrong. My ivory silk gown was being quarantined somewhere in Singapore. And with our wedding just a few weeks away, 1 was annoyed that most of my guests were responding after the deadline.

但是,我投入的时间和精力越多,万事就越和我过不去。没有请到我想要的洛杉矶希腊乐队。我到教堂时所戴面纱的针线活也很糟,不是我原来所要求的。我订的象牙色的丝绸礼服被隔离在新加坡的某个地方。眼看着婚礼也就没有几个礼拜了,我邀请的客人大部分在最后期限之后才回信,让我很是烦恼。

Then 1 received the call from my mother, petite and brimming with energy at 68, who a few days before had been so thrilled about the wedding. She’d been to the doctor for her annual checkup. Although she felt fine, the diagnosis was stomach cancer.

之后,我接到妈妈的电话。她个头娇小,68岁却依然精力饱满。几天前还为我即将举行的婚礼而感到兴奋不已。她刚去医院做例年的身体检查。虽然感觉不错,但被诊断是胃癌。

Over the next few days, the question became not "What kind of wedding?" but "Wedding?" I had thought of it as my Big Day. I realized that a Big Day without my mother would be no day at all. Not having my dad, who passed away three years before, to walk me down the aisle was painful, but the thought of not having Mom there was unbearable.

接下来的几天,问题不再是―举行什么样的婚礼‖,而是―还办婚礼吗?‖我把这看作是我的大喜日子。我认识到没有妈妈的大喜日子不可思议。爸爸已经在三年前过世,不可能牵着我的手到教堂圣坛完婚,这已经让我觉得凄苦。但是一想到妈妈那天也不能在教堂就让我觉得无法忍受。

Within a few days, 1 moved back home to Seattle from New York City and postponed the ceremony. 1 switched from navigating wedding plans to navigating the health-care system. I had picked out the song to be played for our first dance as a husband and wife, but now 1 was hard-pressed to remember what it was. My wedding, like a dream, was vanishing against the harsh reality of illness.

几天后,我从纽约搬回西雅图,延迟了婚礼。我从操办婚礼转向指导保健。我已经挑选好歌曲,准备作为我们夫妻的首个舞曲,但现在压力那么大,我已经记不起来是哪首了。我的婚礼在母亲患病这个残酷的事实面前就像梦一样消失了。

Meanwhile, my two sisters and I, who lived in three different cities, were united once again in a hospital waiting room. My twin sister flew in from Chicago despite being eight months pregnant. Our baby sister, who'd been looking after Mom since Dad's death, was gripped by fear as the familiar sights and smells were eerily reminiscent of his final days. After consulting with doctors, we learned that stomach surgery was Mom's only option. We took the first opening.

与此同时,我和两个妹妹原本都生活在三个不同的城市,这时却在医院的等候室里再次相聚了。我的孪生妹妹虽然已怀孕八个月,但还是从芝加哥飞了过来。小妹自父亲去世以来一直照顾着妈妈,这时恐惧占据了她的心,此情此景让她不由得想起父亲临终的日子。咨询医生后,我们得知手术是妈妈唯一的选择。医院一有床位我们就住进去了。

On a drab autumn morning, as sheets of rain relentlessly poured over Seattle, Mom was admitted to the Swedish Cancer Institute. During a five-hour operation, surgeons removed two thirds of her stomach. Pacing in the waiting room, terrified, I wondered what the future held for all of us.

一个沉闷的秋天早晨,大雨无情地倾泻在西雅图市,妈妈被收进瑞典肿瘤研究所。在五个小时的手术过程中,医生把她的胃切掉了三分之二。我在等候室里来回走动,恐惧不安,不知道等待我们的会是什么。

George flew out to be with me. "There's no place I'd rather be," he said. For three nights he slept on the dank floor in the hospital waiting area wrapped in a tattered sheet with a soiled sofa cushion under his head. A week after the operation, the surgeon gave us his prognosis: "The cancer has not spread," he said. Those were some of the loveliest words in the English language. George squeezed my hand as tears trickled down my face.

乔治飞过来陪我。他说:―我也不想待在其他地方‖。三个夜晚,他睡在医院等候区域潮湿的地板上,裹着破旧床单,头枕脏兮兮的沙发垫。手术一周后,医生向我们告知了预后。―癌细胞没有扩散,‖他说。这几个词可是英语中最可爱的词了。乔治紧握着我的手,这时眼泪流下我的面颊。

The weeks that followed were exhausting. My mother had to rethink her diet, and I had to figure out what to prepare. Decadent Greek meals were replaced by tiny portions and lots of protein, which would help mend the six-inch incision that ran from her breastbone past her navel. Protein would also bolster her immune system for the chemo and radiation that might follow.

接下来的几个礼拜令人劳累。妈妈只得重新考虑她的饮食,我得琢磨该准备哪些饭菜。颓废的希腊饭菜被蛋白质替代,少食多餐,这有助于修补她那从胸骨到肚脐下长达六英寸的刀口。蛋白质还增强她的免疫系统,因为接下来她要化疗和放疗。

Until then, my idea of cooking had been microwaving the doggie bag from the chi-chi restaurant I'd eaten at the night before. But after two months, I mastered poached eggs and T-bone steaks. What's more, caring for my Mom made me realize how consummately she had cared for all of us. I'll never forget when I went to see her in the intensive-care unit, just a few hours after her surgery. She was strung out with a myriad of plastic tubes protruding from her arms, nose, and mouth." Liz, make sure you eat something," she said in a strained, raspy voice.

在此之前,做饭对我来说也就是把头天晚上从花哨饭店里吃剩下打包回来的饭菜在微波炉热一下。但两个月之后,我掌握了水煮荷包蛋,学会烧带骨牛排。此外,照顾母亲也让我认识到她当年照料我们是多么地尽心。我永远也不会忘记,她刚动完手术几个小时后,我到特护病房去看她。她躺在那里,手臂、鼻孔和嘴巴里插了那么多的塑料导管,她却吃力、沙哑地说道:―莉兹,你一定要吃点东西。‖

Forget Paris. Mom's full recovery was my dream now.

忘记巴黎。妈妈的彻底康复才是我现在的梦想。

Recently, she went for a follow-up C-T scan. As she removed her gold wedding band for the exam, her fragile 98-pound frame trembled. There would be this scan, and many more. But the doctor said," Everything looks good." Soon, my mother will be walking me down the aisle. I've forgotten what kind of stitching is in my veil. But when I remove it from my face , I’ll be staring at the two people I love beyond all reason: my soon-to-be husband and the woman who showed me what' s really important.

最近,她去做了一次随访CT检查。当她脱下结婚金戒指检查的时候,98磅的柔弱身躯颤抖了。这个检查得做,接下来还有很多次。但医生说,―一切都很好。‖不久,妈妈就可以把我领到圣坛举行婚礼。我已经忘记面纱上的刺绣。但在我掀开面纱的时候,我肯定会脉脉地注视着我所最爱的两个人:我的未婚夫和让我懂得人生要义的那个女人——我的母亲。

Text B:Wedded Dis藐视婚姻

Amy Wathen艾米?沃森

In February,I got engaged to a guy who I believe to be the most amazing man alive.I feel so lucky,and I am very much in love.I cannot wait to be married.

二月份,我和一个我认为是活着的人当中最出色的家伙订了婚。我感觉甚为幸运,沉浸在爱河中。我急不可待要结婚。

Since I have been engaged,while I have gotten a lot of congratulatory wishes from friends,some older,more cynical people just won’t let me be. I have heard the following comments, knocking me from my I’m -getting -married -to -the -love -of -my –life pedestal: "It will never last," "You won't even make it to the altar," "Marriage is so difficult," "It's so hard to make it work" and my favorite, accompanied by an eye roll and a horribly sarcastic tone, "Good luck to you!" I get lectures on the struggles that lie ahead, looks of sympathy, and speeches on how terrible my life will be in about l0 years when I will apparently hate my husband. Can't anyone just let me be happy? People love my fiancé and no one has ever said that I am not ready. So why is this such a mistake? Why do some adults who have had bad experiences decide to kill my happiness with nasty remarks instead of just saying congratulations?

自我订婚以后,虽然听到朋友们很多祝福的话语,可一些上了年纪、玩世不恭的人却不愿让我高兴。我听到了下列的评论,在抱有马上嫁给心上人这个理想的我的头上浇了一盆冷水。―不会长久的‖,―你们连婚都结不了‖,―婚姻太难了‖,―要让事如所愿太难了‖,还有我喜欢听的话、但说的时候是眼珠溜转并且怪声怪调,―祝你好运了‖。有些人还就婚后生活的困境给我上了课,给我同情的神情,还有人高谈阔论说我l0年后的生活会多么糟糕,说那时我肯定恨我丈夫。难道大家就不能让我开心吗?人们喜欢我的未婚夫,也没有说我还没有准备好。那为什么这样就是错误呢?为什么几个有过不幸经历的成年人非要说那些难听的话来扼杀我的幸福.而不是就送上几句祝福呢?

Don’t get me wrong,I have not allowed my happiness to overpower my common sense. I know all about the struggles of marriage.I know all about the heartache:that children can strain a marriage,that money issues can blow up,that a couple can lose their connection,that job stress can take a toll and that changing and growing older can aid in the dissolution of what once was real love.I know it’s not always easy or fun,and that it's not perfect forever.

别误解我。我还没有让幸福之感搅乱了常识。我对婚姻的艰难都一清二楚,我也知晓头痛的事:小孩子能拖垮婚姻,经济的问题也会爆发,夫妻间不再情感交流,工作压力能造成伤害,人是不断变化的而且越来越老,这都会为解除当年的真爱起到推波助澜的作用。我知道这不容易,也不总充满乐趣,我也知道婚姻永远都不完美。

I saw this firsthand when my parents were divorced last year. I watched their once -perfect union fall apart amid unhappiness, pain, desperation, frustration, sadness and anger. Marriage can be a beautiful journey,but it isn’t for everyone.My mom and dad are much happier apart.I thought I wouldn’t want to be married after living through that until I met the man of my dreams

and he changed my mind.

我在去年父母离婚的时候亲身体会到这一切。我看到在不幸、痛苦、绝望、懊恼、哀伤和恼怒中他们曾一度美满的婚姻轰然倒地。婚姻可以是美丽的旅途,但并不是每个人都能体会到。我妈妈和爸爸分开后幸福多了。经历此事我曾想永远不结婚,直到我遇到了我的梦中情人,是他改变了我的想法。

My fiancé has incredible parents. They have been together since they were in high school, more than 30 years, and they have five children, crazy work schedules, and the same issues as everyone else. But they are an exception because they are still madly in love. It's a breath of fresh air to be with them. I see in them a love that is different and I think that I have that as well. You never know where life will take you, but I think it is a dangerous assumption that a marriage can never work out, or that it isn't worth a try. It can last. My future in-laws are proof that a marriage can withstand the many potential catastrophes and last a lifetime.

我未婚夫的父母具令人难以置信。他们自从上高中的时候就在一起,超过30年了,他们有5个子女,疯狂的工作安排,别人有的事他们都有。但是他们却是例外,因为他们仍然疯狂地相爱。和他们在一起犹如呼吸到一口新鲜空气。从他们身上我看到的爱是不一样的。我就想,这样的爱我也有。你永远都无法知道生活会给你什么,但是认为婚姻永远不能白头偕老、不值得一试可就是很危险的看法了。婚姻可以长久。婚姻可以经得起很多潜在的灾难,能持续一生,我未来的公公婆婆就是明证。

My relationship with my fiance is not perfect. But it is fantastic.Being with him brings out a better and happier version of me.He makes me laugh harder than anyone else.We have a healthy and wonderful way of communicating.But most importantly,I love him without condition.And he loves me for who I am without judgment, without complaining about how messy I am or getting annoyed at how crazy and neurotic I can be.We always put each other first and always make time for each other no matter how busy our world gets.He is as excited as I am to get married,and together we are confident in our compatibility and our ability to last forever.We have the example of his parents and mine,examples to learn from,what mistakes not to make,and how to create a stable foundation that will last beyond the present time.

我和未婚夫的关系不完美,但很美妙。和他在一起让我变得更好、更开心。他能让我开怀大笑,而别人做不到。我们之间的交流很健康、很棒。但最为重要的是,我对他的爱是无条件的。他对我的爱就是因为我这个人,不带有任何判断,不抱怨我不讲究整洁,也不会对我有时候的神经过敏而烦恼。我们总是能先为对方着想,不管我们多忙也总能为彼此找出时间。对结婚他和我一样兴奋,我们共同坚信彼此合得来,能够携手到永远。我们有他的父母和我的双亲为例,有借鉴的事例,知道哪些错误不能犯,知道如何创造稳定的基础,让其超越现在。

One day,I may look back with stale,wrinkled eyes and see a silly little girl who didn’t know what she was talking about.One day my relationship may not be as wonderful as it is now.But I am not going to go into marriage waiting for everything to fall apart.I’m not planning ahead for my divorce or imagining myself as a walking statistic。When I say ―I do,‖I am saying I promise to

love forever;not ―until this isn’t perfect and l want out.‖I mean forever.

有一天,我或许会用千瘪、皱纹环绕的眼睛回顾现在,看到一个傻丫头,她不知道自己在说什么。我们的关系有一天或许不像现在这样好。但我不会在走进婚姻殿堂时就想着一切都有瓦解的时候。我不会为自己的离婚先作准备,或把自己想象成活的数据。当我说―我愿意‖的时候,我是在说我保证永远地爱他,而不是―到了感觉不完美的时候我就想退出‖。我的意思是永远。

When l was younger, I dreamed about getting married.I dressed up in my mom’s wedding dress and veil,put on ridiculous amounts of poorly-placed pink blush,carried a bouquet of fake flowers from the vase on the kitchen table and thought about how wonderful it would be to do that for real.I know now that the dream I had of married life was a little too optimistic and hopeful to say the least.

我小的时候就梦想过结婚。我穿上妈妈的婚纱和面纱,脸上乱涂上很多粉红色的胭脂,从厨房花瓶里拿出一束假花,还想那要是真的该多好。我现在知道我梦中的婚姻生活有点太乐观,至少抱的希望太大。

Now I have a gorgeous wedding dress of my own.I’ll wear it proudly and say―I do!‖ and dance and eat cake that costs way too much money.I will enjoy that one amazing day with all of my being.But I know that day will end, and once it’s over,I have to make plans for the future,and my husband and l will have to work hard to reach our mutual goals.And I’ll try with everything I am to prove to everyone that we can make it work,to make the 6-year-old version of me proud.

现在我自己有一件绝好的婚礼服。我会自豪地穿上,而且说―我愿意‖,跳舞,吃那价钱不菲的蛋糕,会全身心地享受这美好的日子。但我知道这一天是会结束的,一旦结束,我就得筹划未来。丈夫和我得辛勤地工作,去实现我们共同的目标。我会尽自己的一切向他人证明我们的婚姻运转很好,让6岁就想做新娘的我自豪。

So, for all of you divorced folk out there,or those of you unhappily married, or those who are just plain cynical, I am sorry that you aren’t crazy in love anymore. I’m sorry if you never found someone who makes you catch your breath. But for now, let me have my fun,let me back in the glory of ridiculous,consuming,delicious, beautiful, wonderful,once-in-a-lifetime love.You don't have to tell me what I already know. For now, just let me be happy.

因此,我很抱歉,你们这些离婚的人,婚姻不幸的人,还有那些只是玩世不恭的人,因为你们不再热恋。如果你们从来没有找到让你兴奋得屏气的人,我只能再次说声抱歉了。是但现在,就让我享有自己的快乐,让我沐浴在这有点荒谬、强烈、有趣怡人、美丽、精彩、而且一生只有一次的爱河中。你大可不必告诉我那些我已经知道的东西。你们暂且就让我高兴一回吧。

Unit Three:Health

Text A :Tracing the Cigarette’s Path From Sexy to Deadly追寻烟草的历程:从性感到致命

HOWARD MARKEL, M.D.霍华德.马克尔.医学博士

For many Americans, the tobacco industry’s disingenuousness became a matter of public record during a Congressional hearing on April 14, 1994. There, under the withering glare of Representative Henry A.Waxman, Democrat of California, appeared the chief executives of the seven largest American tobacco companies.

对许多美国人来说,烟草业的不诚信记入公众档案始于1994 年4 月14 日的一次国会听证会,在加州民主党代表亨利﹒A﹒威克斯曼的怒视下,美国七大烟草巨头的首席执行官出现在这次听证会上。

In the 1930s and 1940s,cigarettes were either healthy because they were implicitly endorsed by a kindly doctor,or sexy.

在20 世纪30 和40 年代,香烟要么意味着健康------因为有一位仁慈的医生含蓄的推荐它,要么意味着性感。

Each executive raised his right hand and solemnly swore to tell the whole truth about his business. In sequential testimony, each one stated that he did not believe tobacco was a health risk and that his company had taken no steps to manipulate the levels of nicotine in its cigarettes.

每次总裁举起右手,郑重宣誓要对从事的业务实话实说。在随后的证词中,每个人都陈述自己不相信烟草会给健康带来风险,而且自己的公司从未采取措施来操纵香烟中尼古丁的含量。

Thirty years after the famous surgeon general’s report declaring cigarette smoking a health hazard, the tobacco executives, it seemed ,were among the few who believed otherwise.

30 年前,一位卫生局长就发布了关于抽烟危害健康的著名报告。如今开来,烟草业总裁们属于不相信该报告的极少数人的行列。

But it was not always that way. Allan M. Brandt, a medical historian at Harvard, insists that recognizing the dangers of cigarettes resulted from an intellectual process that took the better part of the 20th century. He describes this fas cinating story in his new book, ―The Cigarette Century: The Rise, Fall and Deadly Persistence of the Product that Defined America‖ (Basic Books).

但事实本非始终如此。哈佛大学医学史专家艾伦﹒M﹒布兰特坚持认为,对香烟危害的认识源于持续了大半个20 世纪的一个智力过程。在新书《香烟的世纪:界定美国的产品的兴衰和死命的坚持》中,他讲述了这个引人入胜的故事。

In contrast to the symbol of death and disease it is today, from the early 1900s to the 1960s the cigarette was a cultural icon of sophistication, glamour and sexual allure — a highly prized

commodity for one out of two Americans.

虽说当今香烟是死亡和疾病的象征,但从20 世纪初到20 世纪60 年代,香烟在文化上象征着成熟练达,魅力和性感诱惑---------是当时半数美国人大为追捧的商品。

Many advertising campaigns from the 1930s through the 1950s extolled the healthy virtues of cigarettes. Full-color magazine ads depicted kindly doctors clad in white coats proudly lighting up or puffin g away, with slogans like ―More doctors smoke Camels than any other cigarette.‖

从20 世纪30 年代到50 年代,许多广告运动都颂扬香烟的健康品质。在全彩的杂志广告中,身穿大白褂的仁慈的医生骄傲的点起香烟或是吞云吐雾,上面还写着―更多医生选择骆驼牌香烟‖之类的广告语。

Early in the 20th century, opposition to cigarettes took a moral rather than a health-conscious tone, especially for women who wanted to smoke, although even then many doctors were concerned that smoking was a health risk.

20 世纪初期,对于香烟的抵制带着道德的口吻,而不是出于对健康的关注。对想抽烟的女性更是如此。不过即使再当时,许多医生已经关注到吸烟会给健康造成风险。

The 1930s were a period when many Americans began smoking and the most significant health effects had not yet developed. As a result, the scientific studies of the era often failed to find clear evidence of serious pathology and had the perverse effect of exonerating the cigarette.

在20 世纪30 年代这一时期,许多美国人变成了烟民,而抽烟对健康最为显著的危害尚未觉现出来。因此,这一时期的科学研究无法从严肃的病理学上找到清晰的证据,竟起到了为香烟开脱的反效果。

The years after World War II, however, were a time of major breakthroughs in epidemiological thought. In 1947, Richard Doll and A. Bradford Hill of the British Medical Research Council created a sophisticated statistical technique to document the association between rising rates of lung cancer and increasing numbers of smokers.

到了二战后,流行病学思想取得了不少重大突破。1947 年,英国医学研究会的理查德﹒多尔和A﹒布德福德﹒希尔创立了一种复杂的统计方法,以记录肺癌上升率和烟民增加之间的关系。

The prominent surgeon Evarts A. Graham and a medical student, Ernst L. Wynder, published a landmark article in 1950 comparing the incidence of lung cancer in their nonsmoking and smoking patients at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis. They concluded that ―cigarette smokin g, over a long period, is at least one important factor

in the striking increase in bronchogenic cancer.‖

著名外科医生埃瓦茨﹒A﹒格雷厄姆和医学专业学生,欧内斯特﹒L﹒温德尔,于1950 年发表了一篇极为重要的论文,比较了圣路易斯市巴恩斯医院内烟民和非烟民肺癌患者的发生几率。在结论中,他们认为―长期抽烟至少是支气管癌发病率飙升的重要因素之一。‖

Predictably, the tobacco companies —and their expert surrogates —derided these and other studies as mere statistical arguments or anecdotes rather than definitions of causality.

不难想象,烟草公司以及他们的专家代言人们嘲笑这些以及其他研究,称这些仅仅是统计上的论据或趣闻铁事,根本不能确定其因果关系。

Dr. Brandt, who has exhaustively combed through the tobacco companies’ internal memorandums and research documents, amply demonstrates that Big Tobacco understood many of the health risks of their products long before the 1964 surgeon general’s report.

在详细梳理了烟草公司的内部备忘录和研究文档后,布兰特博士用充分的证据证明,早在1964 年的卫生局长报告发表前,各大烟草巨头就已了解了自家产品对健康造成的诸多风险。

He also describes the concerted disinformation campaigns these companies waged for more than half a century — simultaneously obfuscating scientific evidence and spreading the belief that since everyone knew cigarettes were dangerous at some level, smoking was essentially an issue of personal choice and responsibility rather than a corporate one.

他还描述了这些公司在半个多世纪以来,一直合谋炮制假消息,同时混乱科学证据,苫布这种论调:既然大家都知道香烟在一定程度上有危害,抽烟与否根本上说是个人的选择和责任问题,责任不在烟草公司。

In the 1980s, scientists established the revolutionary concept that nicotine is extremely addictive. The tobacco companies publicly rejected such claims, even as they took advantage of cigarettes’ addictive potential by routinely spiking them with extra nicotine to make it harder to quit smoking. And their marketing memorandums document advertising campaigns aimed at youngsters to hook whole new generations of smokers.

在20 世纪80 年代,科学家们建立了一种革命性的观念,即尼古丁具有极强的致瘾性,虽说烟草公司公开否认这些说法,但当时他们已经利用香烟的致瘾性来赚钱了,他们加尼古丁含量,将烟民勾住,使得戒烟越发困难。在他们的营销备忘录中,记录了他们针对青少年发动的广告运动,旨在诱惑一代代新烟民。

In 2004, Dr. Brandt was recruited by the Department of Justice to serve as its star expert witness in the federal racketeering case against Big Tobacco and to counter the gaggle of witnesses recruited by the industry. According to their own testimony, most of the 29 historians testifying on behalf of Big Tobacco did not even consult the industry’s internal research or communications. Instead, these experts focused primarily on a small group of skeptics of the dangers of cigarettes during the 1950s, many of whom had or would eventually have ties to the tobacco industry.

2004 年,布兰特博士被司法部聘请为重要专家,在指控烟草巨头的联邦欺诈案件中作证,并与烟草业雇佣来的一伙证人进行对质。根据为烟草巨头们出庭作证的29 位历史学家们自己的供述,他们中大多数甚至没有参看过烟草业内部的研究或交流文档。相反,这些专家主要关注的是20 世纪50 年代的一小缀对香烟危害的怀疑论者,他们中大部分人要么当时就与烟草业相勾结,要么最终也会通烟草业勾结起来。

―I was appalled by what the tobacco expert witnesses had written,‖ Dr. Brandt said in a recent interview. ―By asking narrow questions and responding to them with narrow research, they provided precisely the cover the industry sought.‖

布兰特博士在近期一次专访中说:―这些专家证人写下的言论令我感到震惊。他们靠问一些片面的问题,并用片面的研究来解答,从而为烟草业提供了他们恰好需要的挡箭牌。‖

Apparently, the judge, Gladys Kessler of Federal District Court for the District of Columbia, agreed. Last August, she concluded that the tobacco industry had engaged in a 40-y ear conspiracy to defraud smokers about tobacco’s health dangers. Her opinion cited Dr. Brandt’s testimony more than 100 times.

当然,哥伦比亚特区联邦地方法庭法官格拉迪斯。凯斯勒同这一看法。去年八月,她总结道,烟草业策划了一场长达40 年的阴谋,向烟草隐瞒烟草对健康的危害。她的观点中引用了布兰特博士的证词达100 多次。

Dr. Brandt acknowledges that there are pitfalls in combining scholarship with battle against the deadly pandemic of cigarette smoking, but he says he sees little alternative.

布兰特博士承认,将学术研究和与抽烟这种致命的世界性传染病作斗争结合起来,这当中会有陷阱,但他说他几乎看不到有别的选择。

―If one of us occasionally crosses the boundary b etween analysis and advocacy, so be it,‖ he said. ―The stakes are high, and there is much work to be done.‖

―如果我们中有人偶然跨过了分析和倡导之间的边界,那就跨过吧。‖他说,―风险很大,还有更多工作要做。‖

Text B:Marketing to Your Mind潜入心灵的营销

Alice Park爱丽丝·帕克

Are you a Coke or Pepsi drinker? Do you pull into McDonald's golden arches or prefer to "have it your way" at Burger King? When es to toothpaste,which flavor gets you brushing, Colgate or Crest? If you think it's just your taste buds that guide these preferences, you may be surprised by what neuroscientists are discovering when they peer inside the brain as it makes everyday choices like these.

你喝可口可乐或百事可乐吗?你有没有驾车驶入麦当劳金色的拱门?你是不是偏爱在―汉堡王‖餐厅―让我做主‖?谈到牙膏,哪种口味会让你刷牙?是高露洁还是佳洁士?如果你觉得仅仅是味蕾指导着这些喜好的话,那么看看神经家们通过窥视大脑做出这类日常决策后的发现吧,你也许会大吃一惊。

Don't worry--no one's scanning your head as you stand in front of the beverage aisle or sit in line at the drive-through. Instead, brain scientists are asking volunteers to ponder purchasing choices while lying inside high-tech brain scanners. The resulting real-time images indicate where and how the brain analyzes options, weighs risks and rewards, factors in experiences and emotions and ultimately sets a preference. "We can use brain imaging to gain insight into the mechanisms behind people's decisions in a way that is often difficult to get at simply by asking a person or watching their behavior," says Dr. Gregory Berns, a psychiatrist at Emory University.

别担心-------当你站在饮料货架前或是在免下车餐厅前排队时,没有人在扫描你的大脑,脑科学家们的办法是,让志愿者躺在高科技脑扫描仪下,思考采购决策。扫描产生的实时图像表明了大脑在何处以何种方式分析各选项,掂量风险和回报、经验和情感中的诸因素,并最终确定自己的偏好,艾摩利大学精神医生格雷戈里。伯恩斯博士说:―我们使用脑扫描方式来了解人做决策的机制,这种机制靠询问别人或观察其行为是很难被发现的。‖

To scientists, it's all part of the larger question of how the human brain makes decisions. But the answers may be invaluable to Big Business, which plowed an estimated $8 billion in 2006 into market research in an effort to predict--and sway--how we would spend our money. In the past, marketers relied on relatively crude measures of what got us buying: focus-group questionnaires and measurements of eye movements and perspiration patterns (the more excited you get about something, the more you tend to sweat). Now researchers can go straight to the decider in chief--the brain itself, opening the door to a controversial new field dubbed neuromarketing.

对于科学家来说,它只是人类大脑如何做决策这个大问题的一部分而已。但对于大型企业来说,问题的答案可能是极为宝贵的。据估计,2006 年,这些企业在市场研究上投入了80 亿美元,以预测--------并改变---------我们花钱的方式。过去,营销专家要了解影响我们购买的因素,靠的是相对粗糙的手段:目标群体问卷调查,测量目光移动和出汗模式(你对

某事物越是兴奋,就越容易出汗)。现在,研究者们可以直接探入决策的主脑-------大脑本身,由此打开了一扇大门,进入了一个被命名为神经营销学的复杂的新领域。

For now, most of the research is purely academic, although even brain experts anticipate that it's just a matter of time before their findings e a routine part of any smart corporation's marketing plans. Some lessons, particularly about how the brain interprets brand names, are already enticing advertisers. Take, for example, the classic taste test. P. Read Montague of Baylor College of Medicine performed his version of the Pepsi Challenge inside a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) machine in 2004. Montague gave 67 people a blind taste test of both Coke and Pepsi, then placed his subjects in the scanner, whose magnetic field measures how active cells are by recording how much oxygen they consume for energy. After tasting each drink, all the volunteers showed strong activation of the reward areas of the brain--which are associated with pleasure and satisfaction--and they were almost evenly split in their preferences for the two brands. But when Montague repeated the test and told them what they were drinking, three out of four people said they preferred Coke, and their brains showed why: not only were the reward systems active, but memory regions in the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus also lit up. "This showed that the brand alone has value in the brain system above and beyond the desire for the content of the can," says Montague. In other words, all those happy, energetic and glamorous people drinking Coke in commercials did exactly what they were supposed to do: seeped into the brain and left associations so powerful they could even override a preference for the taste of Pepsi.

迄今,这项研究基本上是纯学术性的,不过脑科学专家预计,早晚有一天他们的发现会被所有明智的企业所采纳,成为其营销方案中的常规部分。部分课程,尤其是关于大脑如何解读商标名称的课程,已经令广告商们大为感兴趣,例如经典的味觉测试。2004 年,Balor 医院学的P。里德。蒙塔古利用功能性核磁共振成像仪(fMRI)进行了他的―百事挑战活动‖。蒙古让67 个人在不知情的情况下分别品尝了可口可乐和百事可乐并进行测试,然后让受试着躺在扫描仪下,扫描仪的磁场通过记录获得能量所需的耗氧量,测出细胞的活跃程度。品尝了两种饮料后,所有志愿者脑部与愉悦和满意情绪相联系的奖励区域显示出较强的激活,在对两种品牌的喜好中,志愿者人数几乎是半对半。但当蒙塔古将测试重复进行并告诉了他们所喝的是何种饮料时,四个人中有三个说他们更喜欢可口可乐,他们的大脑揭示了其中的奥妙:不仅奖励系统活跃起来,而且中央前额皮层和海马区的记忆区域也点亮了。―这表明品牌本身在大脑系统中具有的价值已经高于并超出了对罐中饮料的欲求。‖换句话说,广告片里那些喝着可口可乐,看起来快乐、生机勃勃、魅力四射的人们圆满完成了交给他们的任务:渗入观众大脑中,引起了强烈的联想,甚至盖过了对百事可乐的味道的偏好。

Stanford neuroscientist Brian Knutson has zeroed in on a more primitive aspect of making choices. "e equipped to assess potentially good things and potentially bad things," he says. "There should be stuff in your brain that promotes your survival, whether you have learned those things or not--such as being scared of the dark or the unknown." Knutson calls these anticipatory emotions, and he believes that even before the cognitive areas of the brain are brought in to assess

研究生-基础综合英语-单词整理

Unit1 1.semiliterate:a.semi-educated;having only an elementary level of reading and writing ability半文盲的,有初等文化的semi-:half or partly 2.dropout:n.a personwho leavesschool before finishing a course(尤指中学的)退学学生 3.do-gooder:n.sb.who does things that they think will help other people,although the other people might not find their actions helpful一个总是试着帮助别人的人(通常是贬义);不实际的社会改革家(指幼稚的理想主义者,支持善心或博爱的事件的改革者) 4.impediment:n.obstacles,barriers妨碍,阻止,阻碍,阻挡 5.trump card:anything decisiveheld in reservefor useat a critical time王牌 6.charmer:n.a personwho hasgood qualities that make you like him/her讨人喜欢的人,有魅力的人,有迷惑力的人(尤指迷人的女人) 7.get by:to be able to deal with a situation with difficulty,usually by having just enoughof sth.you need,suchas money过得去 8.settledown:to becomequiet and calm(使)安静下来;平息 9.flunk:v.to fail an exam or courseof study不及格 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/711443345.html,posure:n.calmnessandcontrol平静;镇静;沉着 11.parade:n.a seriesof peopleor things that appearone after the other 12.at stake:to be won or lost;risked受到威胁,面临危险 13.sail:v.to move quickly and effortlessly投入 14.testimony:n.spokenor written statementthat sth.is true证词,证明 15.conspiracy:n.act of joint planning of a crime阴谋,共谋 16.doom:v.to makesb.or sth.certain to do or experiencesth.unpleasant注定 17.follow through:to continue a stroke,motion,plan,or reasoningthrough to the end 将动作、计划等进行到底 18.I flunked my secondyearexamsandwas lucky not to be thrown out of college. 19.The managementdid not seemto consideroffice safetyto be a priority. 20.Thousandsof lives will be at stake if emergency aid does not arrive in the city soon. 21.I think therewas a conspiracy to keep me out of the committee. Unit2 1.propose:v.[to sb.]to aska personto marry one提亲;求婚 2.knockoff:n.a copy or reproduction of a designetc.esp.one madeillegally假货;赝品 3.Windex:v.to clean with a kind of detergentby the brand of Windex用Windex牌清洁剂清洗 4.takethe plunge:to take a decisive first step,commit oneself irrevocably to a course of action冒险尝试 5.bridesmaid:n.a girl or unmarried woman attending the bride at a wedding女傧相;伴娘 6.maid of honor:a principal bridesmaid女傧相

最新基础综合英语课后习题翻译Unit1-6-邱东林版

李明是学化学的,性格开朗幽默,颇有魅力,但英语成绩不佳,每次只能勉强及格。老师警告他,英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金,并亮出了自己的王牌:如果李明不努力,就让他考试不过关。老师还告诉他,学习英语不能只为了文凭,否则他即使大学毕业,也还是个半文盲。李明虽然保持镇定,但他明白,他的学业生涯正在攸关之际,必须安心下来埋头学习,坚持不懈。 Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma, otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake. Unit 2 我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育,既美丽又端庄,三十好几依然没有人向她求婚。究其原因,她的事业心极强,整日扑在工作上,每天来往于住处和公司之间,根本没有时间和异性交往。一想到女儿这么大了还单身一人,她父母就焦虑不安。他们不知道该如何是好,甚至还去咨询一些社会学专家。但是事情在上个月出现了转机,公司的总部调琳达到培训部。在新的工作岗位上,琳达遇到了第一个触动她心弦的男人。从此,他们几乎每天约会,琳达意识到她会不顾一切地爱这个男人。决定嫁人的时候,她告诉了我这个好消息。虽然琳达的爱情让人想起电影中才会有的浪漫故事,我也担忧未来究竟会怎样,但我还是表达了我由衷的祝福,并爽快答应在婚礼那天做他们的伴娘和伴郎随从中的一员。 Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty. The reason is that she, as a career –oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists. But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post, Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me. Though Linda’s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’t know what the future will hold for her, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree readily to be a member of the entourage of bridesmaids and groomsmen.

基础综合英语_1-5单元课后翻译

作文翻译 Unit 1 李明是学化学的,性格开朗幽默,颇有魅力,但英语成绩不佳,每次只能勉强及格。老师警告他,英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金,并亮出了自己的王牌:如果李明不努力,就让他考试不过关。老师还告诉他,学习英语不能只为了文凭,否则他即使大学毕业,也还是个半文盲。李明虽然保持镇定,但他明白,他的学业生涯正在攸关之际,必须安心下来埋头学习,坚持不懈。 Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma. otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake. Unit2 我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育,既美丽又端庄,三十好几依然没有人向她求婚。究其原因,她的事业心极强,整日扑在工作上,每天来往于住处和公司之间,根本没有时间和异性交往。一想到女儿这么大了还单身一人,她父母就焦虑不安。他们不知道该如何是好,甚至还去咨询一些社会学专家。 但是事情在上个月出现了转机,公司的总部调琳达到培训部。在新的工作岗位上,琳达遇到了第一个触动她心弦的男人。从此,他们几乎每天约会,琳达意识到她会不顾一切地爱这个男人。决定嫁人的时候,她告诉了我这个好消息。 虽然琳达的爱情让人想起电影中才会有的浪漫故事,我也担忧未来究竟会怎样,但我还是表达了我由衷的祝福,并爽快答应在婚礼那天做他们的伴娘和伴郎随从中的一员。 Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty. The reason is that she, as a career –oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists. But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post, Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me. Though Linda’s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’t know what the future will hold for her, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree readily to be a member of the entourage of bridesmaids and groomsmen. Unit 3 食品供应商缺乏诚信已经成为当今社会的一大问题。部分企业欺骗公众,故意散布假消息,颂扬食品添加剂是食品工业的伟大成就,并声称适量的添加剂对健康有益无害。部分有良知的科学家对食品添加剂的含量和毒性展开了深入的病理学研究。研究结果表明,部分常见的食品添加剂经长期,可能会对健康产生危害,这被认为是食品安全研究方面极为重要的

研究生基础综合英语复习范围

第一单元 妨碍impediment初等文化者semiliterate中途,缀学dropout空想家do-gooder有魅力charmer 钢铁般steely 使不及格flunk 冷静compose 游行parade 阴谋conspiracy 证词,证言testimony 学术生涯academic life 危险at stake 度过get by 坚持follow through 安定settle down 毕业证书diploma 王牌trump card 1. This research seems to lend some validity (有力的)to the theory that the drug might cause cancer. 2」n a number of developing countries ,war has been an additional impediment (障碍)to progress . 3. A nthe was about to play her trump card (王牌卡),without her sig nature none of the money could be released . 4.1 flunked (挂科)my second year exams and was lucky not to be thrown out of college . 5.1 did not want to lose my composure (镇静)in front of her . 6. The man ageme nt did not seem to con sider office safety to be a priority (优先) 7. For three hours a committee of state sen ators liste ned to a parade (一系歹U) of local reside nts givi ng their opinions. 8. Thousa nds of lives will be at stake (在危机关头)if emerge ncy aid does not arrive in the city soon. 9. Brierley's book has the merit(优点)of being both information and readable . 10.1 think there was a conspiracy (阴谋)to keep me out of the committee . 1、Our youngest ,a world-class charmer ,did little to develop his intellectual talents but always get by . Un it Mrs Stifter. 我的小儿子是个世界级的万人迷,学习不怎么动脑筋却总能蒙混过关,知道施蒂夫特夫人当 了他的老师,这种局面才彻底改变。 2、Of average intelligenee or better ,they eventually quit school ,concluding they were dumb to finish . 这些学生的智力水平至少也算中等,但最终都退学了,他们总结说自己太笨了,学不下去了。 3、No one seems to stop to think that —no matter what environments they come from —most kids do not put school first on their list uni ess they perceive someth ing is at stake, They had rather be saili ng. 似乎没有人停下来想想看,无论孩子们来自何种环境,他们当中大多数若不是发现情况到了 危急关头,才不会把功课当作头等大事呢,他们宁可混日子。 4、Young people gen erally do not have the maturity to value educati on in the same way my adult stude nts value it. 年轻人往往不够成熟,不能够像我的成人学生们那样去重视教育。 5、It is an expressi on of con fide nee by both teachers and pare nts that the stude nts have the ability to lear n the material prese nted to them .

研究生学术综合英语课文翻译unit1-4

第一单元? 如何发表演说 斯蒂芬·卢卡斯? ???? 在人类创造的万物中,语言可能是最卓越的一项创造。通过语言,我们可以分享经验、阐明价值观念、交流思想、传播知识、传承文化。确实,语言对于思想本身至关重要。和流行的信仰不同的是:语言并不是简单地反映事实,而是通过对事件意义的思考来帮助人们感悟现实。? ???? 优秀的演说者尊重语言并懂得如何驾驭语言。语言是演说者展示才能的工具,对于他们来说,如同其他职业的工具一样,语言也有特殊的功用。作为一名演说者,你应该意识到话语的意义,并懂得如何准确无误地使用语言,使其表达清楚,趣味横生,恰如其分。? 如同数字对于会计的重要性一样,准确地使用语言对于演说者至关重要。在没有确切知道一个词语的意思之前,千万不要盲目使用。碰到没有把握的词语,一定要查词典追根究底。当你准备演讲之前,一定要不断地问自己:“我究竟想说些什么?我究竟想表达什么样的意思?”因此,对于一篇演讲稿的用词来说,必须准确无误。? 如果语言表达清楚无误,听众就能很快抓住你的意思。鉴于此,演说者应该使用那些对于大多数人来说非常熟悉的词语,这些词语不需要任何专业背景就能够理解;演说者应该使用那些表达具体而不是相对抽象的词语;并且千万不要乱堆砌辞藻,哗众取宠。? 准确生动地使用语言能够使你的演说贴近生活。有一种方法可以使你的语言更加生动形象,那就是通过展开联想或创造语言图示。通过使用表达具体的词语、明喻或者暗喻等手法可以展开想像。明喻是对事物不同之处的比较,不过有些是相同的:它们总是包含“像……一样”或者“如同……一样”这样的连词。暗喻是一种隐性的比喻,它能够把两个形式不同但是有一些相通之处的事物联系在一起,暗喻不包含“像……一样”或者“如同……一样”这样的连词。? 另一种让你的演说生动形象的方法是注重语言的节奏感。有四种修辞格可以让你的语言富有节奏感:排比、重复、头韵和对比。排比是将一组或一系列具有相似结构的词语、短语或者句子排列在一起;重复是在一系列短句或者长句的开头或者结尾使用相同的一句话或者一组词语;头韵是指邻近或者相邻的几个句子中的首个词语的辅音字母相同;对比是将一些意思相反的词语或者句子并列在一起,通常使用排比结构。 恰当地使用语言是指语言的运用要符合特定的场合、特定的观众和特定的主题。同时,恰当地使用语言还意味着演说者要有自己的语言风格,而不是模仿他人的口吻。如果演说者的语言在各个方面都能够做到恰如其分,那么这篇演说成功的机率就会大大提高。??????? 优秀的演说并不是空穴来风、缺乏论据的决断。演说者必须找到强有力的论据来支持其观点。实际上,熟练地使用论据经常是区别一篇优秀演说词和一篇空洞演说词的关键所在。一般来说,通常有三种论据材料:事例、统计数据和证词。? ???????在演说过程中,你可以使用一些简明扼要的例子——比如过去发生的一个很具体的事件——有时候,你可以罗列好几个简明的例子,借此增强听众的印象。扩展性的例子——描述、叙述或者奇闻轶事——通常长一些,但更具体。夸张性的例子描述想像中的情形,这种例子能够将相关的想法有效地传达给听众。这三种例子都能够帮助演说者理清思绪、加强印象或者使演说更加娓娓动听。为了使表达更加富有效果,例子应该生动活泼,丰富多彩。 只要演说者对于统计数据用之得当并且加以解释,这些数据将有助于有效地传达信息,听众也能从统计数据中获益匪浅。最重要的是:演说者应该对统计数据了如指掌,并且运用得恰如其分。由于数据很容易操纵和捏造,因此,对于演说者来说,一定要确保图表没有张冠李戴,并且要确保统计方法正确,数据来源可靠。?

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课后文章翻译 Unit 1 李明是学化学的,性格开朗幽默,颇有魅力,但英语成绩不佳,每次只能勉强及格。老师 警告他,英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金,并亮出了自己的王牌:如果李明不努力,就让他考 试不过关。老师还告诉他,学习英语不能只为了文凭,否则他即使大学毕业,也还是个半 文盲。李明虽然保持镇定,但他明白,他的学业生涯正在攸关之际,必须安心下来埋头学 习,坚持不懈。 Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’ s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma, otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake. Unit 2 我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育,既美丽又端庄,三十好几依然没有人向她 求婚。究其原因,她的事业心极强,整日扑在工作上,每天来往于住处和公司之 间,根本没有时间和异性交往。一想到女儿这么大了还单身一人,她父母就焦虑 不安。他们不知道该如何是好,甚至还去咨询一些社会学专家。 但是事情在上个月出现了转机,公司的总部调琳达到培训部。在新的工作岗位上,琳 达遇到了第一个触动她心弦的男人。从此,他们几乎每天约会,琳达意 识到她会不顾一切地爱这个男人。决定嫁人的时候,她告诉了我这个好消息。虽然琳达的爱 情让人想起电影中才会有的浪漫故事,我也担忧未来究竟会怎样,但我还是表达了我由衷的 祝福,并爽快答应在婚礼那天做他们的伴娘和伴郎随从中的一员。 Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty.The reason is that she, as a career –oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists. But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post , Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me. Though Linda ’ s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’ t know what the future will hold for her, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree

学术综合英语unit1-5课后习题答案

Task 2 A contrary to implicit assertion look up adapted Sustain unbiased In the course of metaphor clutter B bolster credible impromptu sparingly anecdote Credentials testimony hypothetical paraphrase juxtaposition Task 3 Translation B.发言提纲是有效发言的基础。通过写发言提纲,你可以确保你的思想是相关联的,你的思路从一点谈到另一点,你的讲话结构是连贯的。通常,准备讲演你可以采用两种提纲方式:详细准备提纲和简单发言提纲。 在准备发言提纲中,应该写出你的特定目的及中心思想,并以连贯的方式确定主要观点和次要观点,发言提纲应该由简要的提要组成,这些提要在你讲话时能够给予你一些帮助。发言提纲还应该包括帮助你记忆的重点词或重点短语。在写发言提纲时,可采用准备提纲的模式,尽可能使你的发言提纲简要,同时,要确保提纲清晰,易于辨认。 C. 1. The younger generation should continue to sustain and develop our fine traditions and long-standing culture. 2. In the course of preparing one’s speech, one should be clearly aware of how one could make effective use of statistics and examples to bolster one’s point of view. 3. An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills that college students should learn and develop through practice. 4. By using simile and metaphor, you can make your language more vivid and more attractive to your audience. 5. The proper examples you cite might help reinforce the impression on your listeners and make your viewpoints more convincing. 6. When you are speaking, you should choose common and easy words and at the same time avoid clutter in you speech. 7. When you write a paper, citing the views from some experts is a good way to make your ideas more credible. 8. A good method of delivering a speech will improve its quality and will help convey the speakers’ ideas clearly and interestingly. 9. You should mot blindly use a word that you are not sure about, and if you are not sure, look up the word in a dictionary. 10. Your language should adapt to the particular occasion and audience. If your language is appropriate in all respects, your speech is successful. D. Before you deliver an academic speech, you should, first of all, get well prepared for it. Then, you should make your major points clear in your speech, and your speech should be well organized. When speaking, you should not speak too fast, and your language should be explicit. Don’t always read the notes you prepared beforehand. From time to time, you should look at your audience. On one hand, you can show your respect to your audience, and on the other hand, you will be able to go on with your speech more smoothly.

基础综合英语课文翻译

基础综合英语课文翻译 导语:《基础综合英语》综合听说读写四个方面。每单元前半 部分涉及听说技能,而后半部分突出读写技能。这四种技能都围绕同一主题展开,相互补充,协同提高。下面是由的关于基础综合英语课文第一单元部分课文的翻译。欢迎阅读! 对F的赞美 今年将有好几万的十八岁青年毕业,他们都将被授予毫无意义 的文凭。这些文凭看上去跟颁发给比他们幸运的同班同学的文凭没什么两样。只有当雇主发现这些毕业生是半文盲时,文凭的效力才会被质疑。 最后,少数幸运者会进入教育维修车间——成人识字课程,我 教的一门关于基础语法和写作的课程就属于这种性质。在教育维修车间里,高中毕业生和高中辍学生将学习他们本该在学校就学好的技能,以获得同等学历毕业证书。他们还将发现他们被我们的教育体系欺骗了。 在我教课的过程中,我对我们的学校教育深有了解。在每学期 开始的时候,我会让我的学生写一下他们在学校的不快体验。这种时候学生不会有任何写作障碍!我希望有人能让我停止吸毒,让我学习。我喜欢参加派对,似乎没人在意。我是一个好孩子,不会制造任何麻烦,于是他们就让我考试通过,即使我阅读不好,也不会写作。很多诸如此类的抱怨。

我基本是一个空想社会改良家,在教这门课之前,我将孩子们 的学力能力差归咎于毒品、离婚和其它妨碍注意力集中的东西,要想学习好就必须集中注意力。但是,我每一次走进教室都会再度发现,一个老师在期望学生全神贯注之前,他必须先吸引学生的注意力,无论附近有什么分散注意力的东西。要做到这点,有很多种办法,它们与教学风格有很大的关系。然而,单靠风格无法起效,有另一个办法可以显示谁是在教室里掌握胜局的人。这个办法就是亮出失败的王牌。 我永远也忘不了一位老师亮出那张王牌以吸引我的一个孩子的 注意。我的小儿子是个世界级的万人迷,学习不怎么动脑筋却总能蒙混过关,直到施蒂夫特夫人当了他的老师,这种局面才彻底改变了。 当她教我儿子英语时,我儿子是一个高中高年级学生。他坐在 后排和他的朋友说话。她告诉我。你为什么不把他换到前排来?我恳求道,我相信令他难堪的做法会让他安心学习。史蒂夫特夫人从眼镜上方冷冷地看着我。我不会换高年级学生的座位。她说,我会给他们不及格的成绩。我大感紧张。我们儿子的学习生涯在我的眼前闪现。之前,没有老师以此威胁过他。我恢复镇定,艰难地表示我认为她是对的。到家时,我对此感觉良好。目前这是一种激进的做法,但是,嗯,为什么不这么做呢?她要给你不及格。我告诉我的儿我没有再多说什么。突然英语就在他的生活中成了头等大事。他期末得了一个A。 我知道一个例子不能说明问题,但我在夜校中看见了一群愤怒、怨恨的学生,他们愤恨的原因是学校让他们一路混,直到他们甚至都无法再假装跟得上。这些学生智力水平至少也算中等,但最终都退学

【9A文】研究生基础综合英语课后答案汇总-附词汇

Unit1对F的赞美 1今年将有好几万的十八岁青年毕业,他们都将被授予毫无意义的文凭。这些文凭看上去跟颁发给比他们幸运的同班同学的文凭没什么两样。只有当雇主发现这些毕业生是半文盲时,文凭的效力才会被质疑。 2最后,少数幸运者会进入教育维修车间——成人识字课程,我教的一门关于基础语法和写作的课程就属于这种性质。在教育维修车间里,高中毕业生和高中辍学生将学习他们本该在学校就学好的技能,以获得同等学力毕业证书。他们还将发现他们被我们的教育体系欺骗了。 3在我教课的过程中,我对我们的学校教育深有了解。在每学期开始的时候,我会让我的学生写一下他们在学校的不快体验。这种时候学生不会有任何写作障碍!“我希望当时有人能让我停止吸毒,让我学习。”“我喜欢参加派对,似乎没人在意。”“我是一个好孩子,不会制造任何麻烦,于是他们就让我考试通过,及时我阅读不好,也不会写作。”很多诸如此类的抱怨。 4我基本是一个空想社会改良家,在教这门课之前我将孩子们的学习能力差归咎于毒品、离婚和其他妨碍注意力集中的东西,要想学习好就必须集中注意力。但是,我每一次走进教室都会再度发现,一个老师在期望学生全神贯注之前,他必须先吸引学生的注意力,无论附近有什么分散注意力的东西。要做到这点,有很多种办法,它们与教学风格有很大的关系。然而,单靠风格无法起效,有另一个办法可以显示谁是在教室里掌握胜局的人。这个办法就是亮出失败的王牌。 5我永远也忘不了一位老师亮出那张王牌以吸引我的一个孩子的注意。我的小儿子是个世界级的万人迷,学习不怎么动脑筋却总能蒙混过关。直到施蒂夫特夫人当了他的老师,这种局面才彻底改变了。 6当她教我儿子英语时,我儿子是一个高中高年级学生。“他坐在后排和他的朋友说话。”她告诉我。“你为什么不把他换到前排来?”我恳求道。我相信令他难堪的做法会让他安心学习。施蒂夫特夫人从眼睛上方冷冷地看着我。“我不会换高年级学生的座位。”她说,“我会给他们不及格的成绩。”我大感紧张。我们儿子的学习生涯在我的眼前闪现。之前,没有老师以此威胁过他。我恢复镇定,艰难地表示我认为她是对的。到家时,我对此感觉良好。目前这是一种激进的做法,但是,嗯,为什么不这么做呢?“她要给你不及格。”我告诉我的儿子。我没有再多说什么。突然英语就在他的生活中成了头等大事。他期末得了一个A。 7我知道一个例子不能说明问题,但我在夜校中看见了一群愤怒、怨恨的学生,他们愤恨的原因是学校让他们一路混,直到他们甚至都无法再假装跟得上。这些学生智力水平至少也算中等,但最终都退学了,他们总结说自己太笨,学不下去了。我最常听见的话是:“我本应该被留级。”更悲哀的是那些高中毕业生在上课几周后对我说:“我都不知道自己是怎么拿到高中文凭的。”

基础综合英语听力材料--邱东林教学文案

基础综合英语听力材料--邱东林

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基础综合英语课后习题翻译邱东林版

基础综合英语课后习题翻译邱东林版 文档编制序号:[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]

Unit 1 1.Our youngest,a word-class charmer,did little to develop his intellectual talents but always got by Unti l . 我们的小儿子是个世界级的万人迷,学习不怎么动脑筋,但是总是能蒙混过关,直到成为他的老师,这种局面才得以改变. 2.No one seems to stop to think that ----no matter what environment they come from---most kids don’t put school first on their list unless they perceive something is at stake. 似乎没有人停下来想想看,无论还在来自何种环境,他们当中大多数若不是发现情况到了危机关头,才不会把功课当成头等大事呢。 3.Of average intelligence or above ,they eventually quit school,concluding they were too dumb to finish 这些学生智力水平至少也算中等,但是最终都退学,他们总结说自己太笨,学不下去了. 4.Young people generally don’t have the maturity to value education in the same way my adult students value it 年轻人往往不够成熟,不会像我的成年学生那样重视教育 5.It is an expression of confidence by both teachers and parents that student have the ability to learn the material presented to them. 这表明老师和家长都对学生有信心,相信他们能够学好发给他们的学习资料. 6.This means no more doing Scott’s assignments for him because he might fail . No more passing Jodi because she’s such a nice kid. 这意味着再也不要因为担心斯科特会不及格而替他做作业,再也不要因为朱迪是个乖孩子而放她过关. Unit 2 1.I had always dreamed of being proposed to in a Parisian cafe , under dazzling stars , like the one in a Van Gogh knockoff that hangs in my studio apartment .Instead , my boyfriend asked me to marry him while I was Windexing the bathroom mirror. 我一直有这样的梦想,星光灿烂的晚上,在一家巴黎咖啡馆就像梵高所画的“一夜的咖啡馆”我的工作室墙上就有一幅此画的翻本,然而我男朋友却在我用的“稳得新”擦洗卫生间镜子的时候叫我嫁给他。

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