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雅思作文写作Task 2 第四课时—观点类

雅思作文写作Task 2 第四课时—观点类
雅思作文写作Task 2 第四课时—观点类

IELTS大作文讲解:agree & disagree/what's your opinion 类作文学生面授老师

时间本次课时IELTS写作第四课时

教学思路1.作文简介、写作技巧

2.实例分析

3.课后作业

教学目标1. 观点类作文理论分析

2. 掌握此类作文基本特征和写作方法

3. 学习写作思路,掌握写作套路

讲解重点题目特点

解题思路

写作技巧以及范文分析

备考资料剑桥真题、《雅思写作套路剖析与范例大全》

教学详细内容:

一、分析雅思写作——观点类理论

1.题目特点及解题思路

?题目特点:

Express your opinion about…

(To what extent)do you agree or disagree?

What is your opinion about…?

How do you think about…?

?解题思路:

这种题的写法较灵活,考生的回答可以是正面的也可以是反面的,还可以从正、反两个方面论述。

2.写作技巧及知识点

1)开头段

?S entence 1 :background(general statement)

第一句话:文章的背景(一般的介绍)

?如何写背景句?

首先,确定题目讨论哪个方面的问题,然后以这个问题为中心,写一句介绍性的话。

例:Some people who have been successful in the society don’t attribute their success to the theoretical knowledge they learned from their university. Do you agree or disagree?

这个题目讨论的是个人成功或者理论知识,那么就围绕这几个单词写一个陈述句:

开头句一:

People have long been interested in identifying the forces that contribute to personal achievement.

开头句二:

The importance of theoretical knowledge to one’s success is a matter for debate.

考生可以记住一些开头句的句型,比如the importance of…to…is a matter for debate等,并将此运用在不同的题目练习中,这样就可以在考场上迅速写出开头段了。

注:考生在考场上可以按照实际情况自由掌握句子的数量,未必一定要写三句。

?Sentence 2: rephrase the topic(thesis statement)

第二句话:改写题目(点名论题)

很多考生在这里容易犯两个错误:一是照抄题目,二是句子过长。解决方法如下:

1、改写题目,而不是照抄题目。

例:Do you think it is better to send criminals to jail or let them receive education or job training?

很多考生会在开头段第二句把题目照抄上去:some people think that it is better to send criminals to jail or let them receive education or job training.这样的写法不会给考官留下好的印象。考生可以通过下面三种方法来改写题目:

1)加上常用句型—There is much controversy over whether to send criminals to jails or to let them receive education or job training.

2)改变句子成分的顺序-- some people think that to send criminals to jails is better than to let them receive

education or job training.

3)改变句子成分—some people think that imprisonment is better than education or job training in treating criminals.

2、简洁地改写题目,避免累赘,看下面这句话就可以充

分理解意思:

Some people think that it can decrease the violent crimes in society, while other people think that it cannot decrease the violent crimes.这半句的后半句是没有必要的,完全可以去掉。如果不去掉,那么在最后一句说明自己观点的时候,累赘的问题就更为明显了,因为考生很有可能再写一句话:I think that it is necessary to curb media violence.如果考官连续看到三句意思相近的话,他还有心情去给这篇作文一个高分吗?

?Sentence 3:personal opinion or brief description of the main body

第三句话:个人立场或者中间主体部分的简单概述

观点类的文章中,第三句话有两种写法:

●一种是阐明自己的立场(也就是具体支持或者反对哪一方

面);

支持:As far as I know, its benefits cannot justify its harmful effects.

反对:My personal view is that its benefits cannot justify its harmful effects.

●另一种是不阐明自己的立场,而只是简单说文章会讨论什

么内容。

不明确表示自己支持哪一方面,二是指明文章会讨论一个事物的两个方面。

There are some points in both sides/This essay will compare and contrast its benefits and downsides.

3.主体段

每段主体段的结构大致如下:

●中心句(只写一句):突出段落的中心思想,用来支持一

个论点。

此时,考生需注意两点:

1、一般来说,最有说服力的观点应放在第一段,第二段

的观点次之,第三段的观点最弱。

2、观点不要“标新立异”。最常见的观点往往是最安全和

最有说服力的。如果考生表达一个鲜见的观点,那么久需要有很好的语言能力去清晰解释此观点;如果解释不清

楚,就会导致丢分。

●支持句:拓展、解释和论证中心句的句子(如果主体部分

由三段组成,每段要写三句;如果主体部分分由两段组成,每段要写四到五句话)。扩充中心句对于大多数考生是难点。解决该问题有以下方法:

1、解释和说明:解释和说明中心句的意思或原因。

2、延伸中心句并阐述影响:将中心句或解释中心句的句

子扩展一下,阐述它的影响。

3、举例:在需要的时候,举例说明,有助于更加形象地

叙述事情。

4、分类:当一个中心句有几个分论点支持时,可以将分

论点分类说明。

5、对比:描述相反的情形,这在考生实在无法落笔时特

别有用。

4.结论段

结论段一般要求简洁。写结论段时注意不要引入新的内容,也不要发起号召或者抒情和感慨,这是中西方之间的显著差异。西方议论文比较古板和严肃,因此需做到以下三点:

●重新总结主体部分讨论过的要点;

●重新阐述你的立场和观点;

●不要加入新的内容,尤其是主体部分没有讨论过的内

容。

参考例子:

文中如果有以下三个中心句:

?One of the main functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find and buy suitable products.

?Meanwhile, advertising serves to stimulate consumption and contributes to economic development.

?Despite its importance, there is no denying that every now and then, advertising leads consumers into an impulsive purchase, thereby causing wasteful spending. 那么结论段就可以总结为:

?In conclusion, advertising plays an essential role in society, not only making consumers well-informed buyers but also fostering economic development.

However, consumers should be aware of the misleading nature of advertising,

5.高分文章四个标准:

●Correctness(正确性):用词和用句要准确,拼写没有

错误。

●Coherence & consistency(一致性):前后论述要一致,

逻辑性好,避免跳跃性思维。

●Cogency(说服性):观点要有力度,要对应题目。

●Conciseness(简洁性):句子结构不宜复杂,要清晰地

表明观点。

二、常用句型及模板:

中心句参考句型:

According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer…. rather than…

In my point of view, I like…much mor e than….

As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.

In my opinion, the advantages of ….are more than those of….

To my mind, the advantages far outweigh the drawbacks

As far as I am concerned, this proposal seems a bit absurd and ridiculous.

Personally, I hold that…

I totally agree with this statement, and I will explain why this is the case.

I fully support/agree with the statement that…

As far as I know, its benefits cannot justify its harmful effects.

My personal view is that its benefits cannot justify its harmful effects.

Personally, I side with the former/latter opinion.

Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.

To be frank, I advocate the argument that…

参考模板:

A or B

1、The main reason for my propensity for A is

that_______________.就理由进行解释_______________.For instance,____________________

Another reason can be seen by everyone is that_______________.就理由进行解释___________________For example,____________________

The argument I support in the first paragraph is also in

a position of advantage because_________________. Although I agree that there may be a couple of advantages of B,I feel that the disadvantages are more obvious。Such as________________。

In a word,___________So,it is sagacious to support the statement that it is better to A.

2、my point of view,A is as important as B,if not

more important than B. So it is sagacious to choose A.

Among countless factors which influence A. There are three conspicuous aspects as follows.

The above point is certainly true if A is considered。For example,___________________

Another reason why I agree with the above statement is that I believe that A is better than B。For instance,_______________

It would probably not be too kindly disposed to the idea that B is not important 。B同样有可选之处。

In a word,to choose A or B is something of a dilemma

to the public because they sometimes are confused by the seemingly good qualities of B, and neglect the genuinely good aspects of A. For the reasons presented above,I strongly commit to the notion that A,but not B。

三、实例分析

Universities should accept equal numbers of male and female students in every subject. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

a)题目分析。

1、明确题目中关键词university。因此文章中若提到中

小学或者公司等其他机构将被视为不相关而被扣分。

2、题目中提到“in every subject”,因此答案中不能只

提到某个学科而将其他学科排除在外。

b)写作结构。

根据以上讲解理论知识可以判定这是属于观点类大作文,并由此确定写作结构。

文章的格式应该包括一个引论部分,两到三段主体以及一个

结论部分。每一段主体段应该只论述一个主旨。

范文赏析:

首段:

①There has been some debate about the basis on which universities should accept students. ②In particular, the traditional system of accepting students purely on the basis of their grades needs to be re-evaluated. ③In this essay, I would like to point out the benefits of accepting an equal number of male and female students into each university course.

①改写题目(点名论题)

②文章的背景(一般的介绍)

③个人立场的简单概述。

主体段一:

①The first benefit is that it would encourage young men

and women to consider a wider range of careers. ②

Many young people think that certain careers are “for

men” or “for women”,whereas a person can actually do any job provided that they get the right qualifications for it and work hard at it. ③Very often, the idea of “men’s jobs”and “women’s jobs”comes from parents and grandparents who are out of touch with today’s job market. ④In this way, our society will develop more slowly than it should because of traditional pre-conceptions. If young women saw more men becoming nurses, they would consider that traditionally female area of work.

②是本段的中心句。突出段落的中心思想,用来支持一个

论点。

③③对比:描述相反的情形,对相反观点进行描写。

④延伸中心句并阐述影响:将中心句或解释中心句的句子

扩展一下,阐述它的影响。

主体段二:

④The second benefit is that women would have more

rapidly been seen as equal to men. ②At the moment, many women are discouraged from attending university.

③Many people still think that it is better for a young

woman to find a well-off husband than to develop his career. ④If men and women were given equal opportunities to develop themselves, and contribute to society, there would be less sexism. ⑤The result would be a society where a person’s gender was less important than their skills and personality.

①是本段的中心句;

②对相反观点进行描写;③重点强调自己的观点;

④⑤延伸中心句并阐述影响:将中心句或解释中心句的句子扩展一下,阐述它的影响。

结尾段:

⑤To conclude, providing an equal number of places in

university courses for young men and young women

①would encourage people not to think in stereotypes

about what they can and ②cannot do and would lead to sex equality.

①②重新总结主体部分讨论过的要点。

四、课后练习:

Some people think that spending a lot on holding wedding parties, birthday parties and other celebrations is a waste of money. Others, however, think that these are necessary for individuals and the society.

What is your opinion? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

雅思大作文范文三十篇

Topic 1: When international media (including movies, fashion shows, advertisements and other TV programs) convey the same messages to the global audience, people argue that the expansion of international media has negative impacts on cultural diversity. What is your opinion? 媒体信息一致的缺点: ?国际媒体(global media)—般掌握在少数几个有实力的机构手中(in the hands of a few, large, powerful organizations);有了媒体的宣传(propaganda)后,西方文化成了主流(domineering force),大规模的、有吸引力的广告(mass seductive advertising )唤起了落后地区人们对物质新的向往(create fresh desires),经济联系增强(strong economic ties),西方产品取代了本地产品,使人们更加向往西方的文化; ?文化开始融合在一起(mingle),人们被新的价值观所围绕(bombarded with new values),对自己的文化失去信心和自豪感(confidence and pride),拒绝接受自己的文化传统(rejection of their cultural heritage)转而接受西方的文化习惯(adoption of Western cultural practices);西方媒体削弱了民族的特征(ethnic identity)和社会的凝聚力(social cohesion);因为担心失去观众(a loss of viewers),当地的电视台也开始播放西方的电视节目(television shows), ?国际媒体的普遍会降低世界文化的品质和多样性(degrade the quality and diversity of world culture);文化被商业化(commercialized), —些文化产品(cultural goods),如音乐、服装,都变成了商品(commodities in the marketplace)。因此,即便一些文化在世界其他地方传播,它原来的性质(authenticity)已经丧失。 媒体信息一致的优点: ?国家之间的频繁交往会促进文化之间的交流。因此,相互了解和相互认同的可能性(likelihood of mutual understanding and mutual acceptance )就会增加,这是顺应全球化的趋势; ?未必一定放弃传统观念(not necessarily lead to the abolition of traditional values),事实上媒体可以起到宣传和稳固传统文化的作用; ?主流媒体一般都会反应文化多元性(The dominant media reflect cultural diversity.); —些外国节目其实促进了文化多元性(Most foreign programming is promoting cultural diversity.),适应了当地的条件(adapt to local conditions),注意到了当地文化的敏感性(aware of cultural sensitivity).自我调节来适应市场(exercise self-censorship to suit the market :)。 As international media companies expand across the world, the growing popularity and uniformity of some media programs (such as TV shows, movies, fashion shows) is causing worldwide concern. Many people have strong views toward this trend. In my opinion, international media is closely linked to cultural globalization and cultural homogeneity. The dominance of international media is a sign of Western cultural imperialism and has the potential to thwart cultural diversity. It is not a secret that international media is owned and operated by a handful of giant corporations, such as Time Warner. They control large sectors of the media market and place national media companies at risk. The contraction in the number of media owners will cause a proportional reduction, in the variety of programs broadcasted. For example, painting, music and movies accessible in the media have a small number of genres, imposing restraints on one's knowledge of artworks of different cultural backgrounds. In addition to seizing control over those creative industries, global entertainment companies affect cultural diversity by reshaping the perceptions, beliefs and norms of ordinary citizens in different countries. Most of the cultural values and ideals promoted by the leading mainstream media are of American origin. American culture values individuality, maximization of one's benefits and material wealth, rather than communal life and family solidarity, the values and norms previously treasured in" many Asian countries. Unfortunately, many Asian people now imitate American people, causing the alteration of their perceptions of family. This radical change can be attributed to those movies and TV programs that portray the success of American individuals or corporations.

雅思写作Task2范文:老人养老

雅思写作Task2范文:老人养老 在英国,一些老人会到养老院和其他老人住在一起,并有专门的呼市照顾他们。有时候政府会为这种服务买单。你认为谁该对这些老人负责。本文是关于这一论题的雅思范文。如果你不熟悉如何完成这样的文章,请参照本文。认真研读一定的雅思范文及作文模板可以帮助我们检验自己的写作水平,并能很好地吸收和应用优秀范文里的优秀内容。 Write about the following topic: In Britain, when someone gets old they often go to live in a home with other old peoples where there are nurses to look after them. Sometimes the government has to pay for this care. Who should be responsible for our old people? Model Answer: Many old people in Britain, after a lifetime of hard work and the toil of bringing up children, are put into homes for the elderly by their families. There, they are looked after by professional nurses, and this is sometimes at the expense of the government. However, this situation has raised controversy about whether we extend to our elders the care and respect they deserve. The critics of this system say that it is the duty of the family to look after its senior members in the years when they are no longer able to work. They point out that in retirement homes old people tend to feel useless and unwanted by their family members, who seldom come to see them. In addition, there is evidence that younger people benefit from the experience and wisdom of older people who live with them on a daily basis.

雅思写作科技篇

科技 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 在这部分,你的任务是: 一,背诵话题词汇短语 二,为题目列出英文提纲 基础词汇短语 advanced science 尖端科学 scientific invention 科学发明 exert a far-reaching impact on…对…产生一种深远的影响 double-edged sword 双刃剑 earth-shaking changes 翻天覆地的改变 pay the way for the future development 为未来的发展铺平道路 lay a solid foundation for…为…打下良好的基础 energy crisis 能源危机 depletion of resources 能源消耗 milestone 里程碑 sophisticated equipment 尖端设备 technical innovation 科技创新 expediency 权宜之计 antithetical 与…背道而驰的 over-commercialized 过渡商业化的 a heated discussion 热烈的讨论 exhaust gas 废气 disastrous 灾难性的 overshadow 使…相形见绌 compared to/with…与…相比 usher in 引领 speedy and comfortable 既快捷又舒适 opposite forces 负面影响 a fatal breakdown 致命故障 potential hazards 潜在危险 pose a threat to…对…有一种威胁 promote relative industries 促进相关产业发展 accelerate 加速… means of transportation 交通方式 transportation tools 交通工具 social status 社会地位 environmentally-friendly resources 环保的能源 make people's life easier 使人们生活更方便 alternative fuel 可替代燃料

2017年雅思写作真题

0107 国内 A 类小作文流程图大作文:需不需要把艺术课列为高中必修课。 澳洲 A 类小作文柱图,大作文 Many universities offer online courses to student instead of delivering on campus. 积极还是消极 development 0112 国内小作文柱图大作文 Some cities have vehicle-free days, when private cars, trucks, motorcycles are banned in the city center. Public transportations like buses, taxis and metros are advised. To what extent do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. 澳洲 A 类小作文柱图,大作文 is it neither possible nor useful for a country to provide university places for 一大批年轻人? 0114 国内 A 类小作文 table 三年的 income output profit 大作文 Some people say job satisfaction is more important than job security, others think people cannot always enjoy their jobs. So having a permanent job is more important. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 澳洲 A 类小作文饼图,大作文 some girls tend to choose arts subjects, but boys choose to study science subjects. What are the reasons? Do you think this trend should be changed? 0121 国内 A 类小作文饼图留在英国和离开的原因大作文:The best way for the government to solve traffic congestion is to provide free public transport 24 hours a day and 7 days a week. AD? 澳洲 A 类 3 个饼图关于中学生毕业后就业率,失业率和继续读书。大作文:很多年轻人花太多的课余时间在买东西上,这是不好的影响,agree or disagree。 0211 国内 A 类小作文柱图,大作文 In modern society, ambition is more and more important. How important is ambition for being successful in life ? Is ambition a positive or negative characteristic? 澳洲 A 类小作文柱图买 food and other goods in three European countries

雅思经典图表作文范文

# 43. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The table below shows CO2 emissions for different forms of transport in the European Union. The Pie Chart shows the percentage of European Union funds being spent on different forms of transport. You should write at least 150 words.

model answer: The chart shows CO2 emissions per passenger kilometre for variuos methods of transport in the European Union while the pie chart shows European Union spending on transport. Flying by air produces by far the greatest CO2 emissions, approximately three times as much as passenger cars which are the next largest producers. Very little is spent by the EU on air travel while roads make up more than half of the EU transport budget. Trains produce about three times less CO2 emissions per passenger kilometre than passenger cars and eight times less than air travel. Nearly a third of EU transport funds are spent on railways. Ships are a clean form of transport and produce about the same amount of CO2 per passenger kilometre as trains do. However, only 2 percent of EU funds are spent on ports. A further one percent is spent on inland waterways. Coaches are the cleanest form of transport. Emissions of CO2 per passenger kilometre from coaches are half those of buses. Buses emit less than half as much CO2 per passenger kilometre as cars. The European Union spends 10 percent of its transport budget on public transport, such as buses and coaches. (197 words)

雅思写作例文 Task 2 09

You should spend about40minutes on this task. Write about the following topic: Many people believe that the high levels of violence in films today are causing serious social problems. What are these problems and how could they be reduced? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least250words. Answer: The increasing amount of violence that is shown regularly in films has been a cause of concern for some time.Such films make violence appear entertaining,exciting and even something to be copied.However,it seems to be increasingly clear that this development is causing problems in our society. First of all,those who enjoy such films eventually stop associating the violence with any real consequences.They therefore lose their sense of reality and no longer take violence seriously or have any sympathy with the victims.This is bad for both individuals and for our whole society.Another worrying trend is that in these films the heroes are shown as people to be admired,even though they are very violent characters.This leads impressionable people to believe that they can gain respect and admiration by copying this aggressive behaviour,and so the levels of violence increase, especially in major cities throughout the world. What is needed to combat these problems is definite action.The government should regulate the film industry on the one hand,and provide better education on the other.Producers must be prevented from showing meaningless violence as'fun'in their films.Instead,films could emphasise the tragic consequences of violent acts and this would educate people, especially young people,to realise that violence is real.

雅思写作基础

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