英语国家概况课后习题(附答案)

英语国家概况课后习题（附答案）

Chapter 1

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.

—T—2.The Severn River is the longest river of Britain ,which originates in Wales and flows through western England.

—F—3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.

—F—4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of Britain.

—F—5.Although the climate in Britain is generally mild ,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls bello w-10℃in January.

—T—6.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.

—T—7.The Celtic people were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain. —F—8.English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from the late 16th century.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1.The two main islands of the British Isles are—A—

A.Great Britain and Ireland

B.Great Britain and Shcotland

C.Great Britain and England

D.Great Britain and England

2. —B—is the capital city of Scotland.

A.Belfast

B.Edinburgh

C.London

D.Cardiff

3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, —D—is the smallest.

A.England

B.Scotland

C.Wales

D.Northern Ireland

4. English belongs to the —C—group of the Indo-European family of

languages.

A.Celtic

B.Norman

C.Germantic

D.Roman

5. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of -

—D—words to English.

A.Danish and Finnish

B.Dutch and German

C.French and Italian

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7417423508.html,tin and Greek

6. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the—A—influence.

A.Norman

B.Dutch

C.German

D.Danish

7. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard

form of—C—.

8. At present,nearly —C—of the world’s populations communicate in

English.

A.half

B.a quarter

C.one third

D.one fifth

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1.Why do tourist from all over the world like go to Scotland?

2.How many periods can the development of the English language be divided

intoand what are they?

3.Why did English become more important after the Black Death?

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1.Who are the British people?

2.What is Standard English?

Chapter 2

Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F). —T—1.Birtish history before 55 BC is basically undocumented.

—T—2.The Anglo Saxon came to Britain in the 5th century.

—F—3.The chief or king of the Anglo Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.

—T—4.The Viking began to attack the English coast in the 8th century. —T—5.Henry Ⅱbuilt up a large empire which included England and most of france.

—F—6.The Magana Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and townspeople.

—F—7.The Hundred Years’War was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory.

—T—8.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth Ⅰactually defended the fruit the Reformation. Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1. The—D—attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.

A. Norman

B. Danish

C.Celtic

D.Germanic

2. By the late 7th century, —D—became the dominant religion in England.

A. Celtic Christianity

B. Anglo Saxons Christianity

C.Germanic Christianity

D. Roman Christianity

3. The—C—marked the establishment of feudualism in England.

A.Viking invasions

B. signing of the Magna Carta

C.Norman Conquest

D.adoption of common law

4. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of—C—

A.the House of Valois

B. the House of York

C. the House of Tudor

D. the House of Lancaster

5. The direct cause ofor the Reformation was King Henry Ⅷ’s effort

to—A—.

A.divorce his wife

B.break with Rome

C.support the Protestant

D.declare his supreme power over the church

6. The English Civil War broke out in1642 between —B—

A.the Protestant and the Puritans

B.the Royalist and the Parliamentarian

C.the nobles and the peasants

D.the aristocrats and the Christians

7. —A—was passed after the Glorious Revolution.

A.The Bill of Rights

B.The Act of Supremacy

C.The Provisions of Oxford

D.The Magna Carta

8. The Industrail Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of

the —C—century.

A.17th

B.18th

C.19th

D.20th

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1.What were Queen Victoria’s major achievements?

2.What were the two camps in the World WarⅠ?

3.Why did Britain cooperate closely with the Uinited States after World War Ⅱ?

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1.What were the results of the Industrail revolution in Britain?

2.Explain the rise and fall of the British Empire.

Chapter 3

Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F). —T—1.Conventions are regarded less important than the statutory law in the working of the England government.

—F—2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.

—F—3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the house of all government powers.

—F—4.The British Parliament is the law making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.

—F—5.The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.

—T—6.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the minority party in Parliament.

—F—7.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.

—T—8.The legal systems in England ,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law,orgalizations and practice.

Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between

three of the following branchs EXCEPT the—C—.

A.judiciary

B.legislature

C.monarchy

D.executive

2. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on—D—.

A.passing bills

B.advising the gowernments

C.political parties

D.public attitude

3. As a revising chamber ,the House of Lords is expected to—B—the House

of Commons.

A.rival

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7417423508.html,plement

C.criticize

D.inspect

4. —A—is at the center of the British political system.

A.The Cabinet

B.The House of Lords

C.The House of Commons

D.The Privy Council

5. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to —B—.

A.make decisions

B.give advice

C.pass bills

D.supervise the Cabinet

6. Generally speaking,the British Parliament operates on a —B—system.

A.single party

B.two party

C.three party

D.multi party

7. The politices of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism

and—D—.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7417423508.html,ernment intervention

B.nationalization of enterprises

C.social reform

D.a belief in individualiam

8. In Britain,the parliamentary general election is held every—C—years.

A.three

B.four

C.five

D.six

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1.What are the three functions of the House of Commons?

2.What kind of public image does the Liberal Democrats have in Britain?

3.Why are independent candidates unlikely towin in the general elections? Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1.What do British electoral campaigns usually involves during the process

of a general election?

2.What is the Commonwealth of Nations?

Chapter 4

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —T—1.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.

—T—2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.

—F—3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent. —F—4.Thatcher’s revolution turned out to be agreat success in dealing with all the British economic and social problems.

—T—5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair was different from that of the old Labor Party and the Conservetive Party.

—T—6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in oder to separate politics from economic policy.

—F—7.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.

—T—8.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1. The —A—in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.

A.oil crisis

B.high inflation rates

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7417423508.html,rge imports

D.unemployment problem

2. Of the following practices, —C—did not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.

A.reducing child benefits

B.shortening the period of unemployment benefits

C.reducing unemployment

D.lowering old age pension

3. The Blair government was successful in the following aspect EXPECT—D—.

A.limiting government spending

B.keeping inflation under control

C.reducing unemployment

D.reducing inequality

4. Britain has devoted about—C—of its land area to agriculture.

A.50%

B.60%

C.70%

D.80%

5. Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following EXCEPT—D—.

A.the North Sea

B.the English Channel

C.the area around the Irish coast

D.the sea area between Britain and Ireland

6. Coal mining industry in Britain provides—B—of the energy consumed in

the country.

A.one third

B.one fourth

C.one fifth

D.two thirds

7. The car industry in Britain is mostly —A—.

A.foreign owned

B.state owned

C.joint owned

D.privately owned

8. Of the following sectors in Britain, —C—has experienced spectacular

growth since the end of the World War Ⅱ.

A.agriculture

B.the energy industry

C.the service sector

D.the manufacturing industry

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1.What was the negative aspect of Thatcher’s reform in the early 1980s.

2.What are the charactoristics of Britain’sagriculture?

3.What happened to Britain’s beef industry in the mid 1990s?

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1.What were the major causes of Britain’s relative economic decline in the

postwar period?

2.Why do developed nations like Britian encourage the development of the service industry?

Chapter 5

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Britain government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.

—F—https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7417423508.html,cation inBritain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.

—F—3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the states system and the independent system.

—T—4.When children finish their schooling at 16,they are required to take a national GCSE examination.

—T—5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools. —F—6.The Times is the world oldest Sunday newspapers.

—F—7.The BBC World Service broadcast only in English throughout the world. —T—8. Some British holidays are celebrated to mark important events in the Christian calendar,and some others are related to local customs and traditions.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1. In Britain,the division between grammer schools and vocational schools was ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the —D—.

A.1930s

B.1940s

C.1950s

D.1960s

2. Over—C—of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.

A.5%

B.6%

C.7%

D.Partially funded 8%

3. Partially funded by central government grants,most of the British universities receive the remaining funds from all the following sources EXCEPT—B—.

A.tuition fees

B.loans

C.donations

D.corporate contributions

4. To be admitted to the Open University, one needs—B—.

A.some educational qualificatons

B.no educational qualifications

C.the General Certificate of Education Advanced level.

D. the General Certificate of Secondary Education

5. Among Britain’s quality press,the following newspapers are regarded as

the “Big Three”EXCEPT—C—.

A.The Times

B.The Guardian

C.The Observer

D.The Daily Telegraph

6. Life On Earth is a kind of —C—program produced by the BBC is popular

worldwide.

A.radio

B.drama

C.documentary

D.soap opera

7. —D—is Britain’s top pay television provider.

A.BSB

B.SkyTV

C.BBC

D.BSkyB

8. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British

EXCEPT—A—.

A.Trooping the Color

B.the Queen’s Christmas message

C.Boxing Day

D.the Christmas pantomime

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1.What used to be the major functions of grammer schools and vocational schools in Britain.

2.What kind of subjects do British comprehensive schools provide?

3.In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic freedom?

4.What role does the media play in Britain leisure culture?

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1.What are the general features of Britain’s independent schools?

2.What are the “Quality Press”and the “tabloids”in Britain?

Chapter 6

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Canterbury Tales is representative work of the old English period. —T—2.The Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classic works.

—T—3.As a great English peot,Alexander Pope also translated Homer’s Iliad. —F—4.Jhonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language,and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.

—F—5.William Wordsworth amd Sumuel Taylor Colerdge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.

—F—6.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems,such as “Ode to the West Winds”.

—F—7.Jane Austen is a well known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.

—T—8.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism,which prevailed before World War Ⅱ.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1. The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is—B—.

A.poetry

B.drama

C.novel

D.pamphlet

2. —C—is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of independence”.

A. “I Wonder Lonely as a Cloud”

B.Don Juan

C.The preface to Lyrical Ballads

D.Prometheus Unbound

3.Of Dicken’s novels, —B—is considered most autobiographical.

A.A Tale of Two Cities

B.Davied Copperfied

C.Oliver Twist

D.Great Expectations

4. —D—is a representative of English Critical Realism in the turn of the 19th

century.

A.Robert Louis Setevenson

B.John Milton

C.Joseph Conard

D.Thomas Hardy

5. Of the following books, —C—is NOT written by Thomas Hardy.

A.Jude the Obscure

B.Tess of the d’Urbervilles

C.Adam Bede

D.The Return of the Native

6. —A—is not included in the modernist group.

A.Oscar Wilde

B.Virginia Woolf

C.William Bulter Yeats

D.T.S.Eliot

7. Of the following writers, —B— is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.

A.Samuel Beckett

B.James Joyce

C.William Golding

D.V.S.Naipual

8. Waiting for Godot is written by—A—.

A.Samuel Beckett

B.Geroge Orwell

C. William Golding

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7417423508.html,wrance

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1.What are the three catergries of Shakespeare’s plays and their representatives?

2.What is Critical Realism?

3.What are the two new literary trends prevailing at the end of 19th century?

4.What is the stream of consciousness?

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1.What is Romanticism?

2.What are the characteristics of English literauture in the 20th century?

Chapter 7

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland. —F—2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe. —F—3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.

—T—4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic, but belonged to the British Commonwealth of Nations.

—F—5.Ireland’s economy wasn’t affected by World War Ⅱbecause it remained neutral during the war.

—F—6.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern counties.

—F—7.English is the only official language in Ireland because the majority of people speak it as their mother tongue.

—T—8.Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith, but of public identity.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1. --B-- established a unified Irish culture and language in the 6th century BC.

A. Hunter-gatherers from Britain

B. Celtic tribes

C. British invaders

D. The Vikings

2. Divergent views about --C--resulted in the Irish Civil War.

A. the Act of Union

B. the Unilateral Declaration of Independence

C. the Anglo-Irish Treaty

D. the Anglo-Irish Agreement

3. --C---was the first Irish President to visit Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ.

A. Eamon de Valera

B. John A. Costello

C. Mary Robinson

D. Albert Reynolds

4. ---D--brought Anglo-Irish relations to a new height.

A. The British recognition of the Irish Republic

B. The signing of the Downing Street Declaration

C. The signing of the Belfast Agreement

D. The IRA’s formal declaration of the disarmament in 2005

5. In Ireland, the head of state is--B---

A. the Prime Minister

B. the President

C. the British monarch

D. the General Governor

6. ---C---has been the dominant party in Ireland since 1930s and supports

peaceful reunification of the island of Ireland.

A. Fine Gael

B. The Labor Party

C. Fianna Fail

D. The Progressive Democrats

7. Emigration in Ireland started since the --A--

A. medieval period

B. 17th century

C. Great Potato Famine

D. early 18th century

8. Ireland now has a --B-- economy.

A. agriculture-based

B. knowledge-based

C. industry-based

D. foreign investment-based

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1. Why was Cork given the nickname “the Rebel County”?

2. Who were the first groups of people that came to Ireland?

3. Why did Ireland remain neutral in World War Ⅱ？

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1. What is the significance of the following documents: the Act of Union, the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the Anglo-Irish Agreement and the Belfast Agreement?

2. What are the goals of the main political parties in Ireland?

Chapter 8

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachian Range hold one-third of the country’s continental territory.

—T—2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate, with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.

—T—3.A 50-centimeter rainfall line runs through the middle of the United States.

—T—4.New York is composed of five boroughs, including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island and Queens.

—F—5.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world-famous Hollywood is located here.

—T—6.During the 1830s and the 1840s, many Northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.

—T—7.Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.

—T—8.Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of living.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1. The U.S. lies in --B--North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its ----and the Pacific to its -----.

A. northern, east, west

B. central, east, west

C. southern, west, east

D. western, west, east

2. The continental United States has--C---states.

A. 50

B. 49

C. 48

D. 35

3. The state of --A--- is the largest in area of all the U.S. states.

A. Alaska

B. Hawaii

C. Texas

D. Florida

4. The longest river in the U.S. is ---B---

A. the Missouri River

B. the Mississippi River

C. the Ohio River

D. the Lake Itasca

5. Some of the world-famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are

located in--C--.

A. the South

B. the West

C. New England

D. the Midwest

6. San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to --D--

A. Montana

B. Utah

C. Maine

D. California

7. The Immigration Act of 1924 restricted further immigration into the

United States, particularly from--A----.

A. Europe

B. Asia

C. Africa

D. South America

8. The characteristics of the dominant American culture are--D-

A. English-speaking, Northern European, Roman Catholic and

middle-class

B. English-speaking, Western European, Roman Catholic and upper-class

C. English-speaking, Northern European, Protestant and upper-class

D. English-speaking, Western European, Protestant and middle-class

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1. How is the American population distributed?

2. Why was the Immigration Act of 1924 instituted?

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1. Why is the United States regarded as a “melting pot” and a “salad bowl”?

2. What do you think is the best way to help assimilation in a multicultural society?

Chapter 9

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —T—1.American was named after Amerigo Vespucci,who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.

—F—2.The Second Continental Congress was held in Phiadelphia,and the Continental Army and Navy was established under the command of Thomas Jerfferson.

—T—3.The Amemrican Civil War not only put an end to slavery,but also make American a single,indivisible nation.

—F—4.Most American people approved of the Vietnam War.

—T—5.In1990,American troops and the troops from allied nations took joint military action in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.

—F—6.According to the American government,Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on Septemble11,2001. —T—7.The Bush administration regarded Iraq a nation among the “axis of the evil”.

—F—8.On March 20,2003,American and United Nations’troops, supposed by several other countries,began an invasion of Iraq.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1. The first successful English conoly in North America was founded at—C—in——.

A.Jamestown,Louisiana

B.Boston, Massachusetts

C.Jamestown,Virginia

D.Plymouth,Gergia

2. The Seven Years’War occurred between—C—.

A.the French and the American Indians

B.the French and the Spanish

C.the French and the British

D. the British and the American Indians

3. “No taxation without representation”was the rallying slogan of—D—.

A.the settlers of Virginia

B.the people of Pennsylvania

C.the colonists in New England

D.the people of the 13 colonies

4. In May 1775, —B—was held in Phiadelphia and began to assume the

functions of a provisional government.

A.the First Continental Congress

B.the Second Continental Congress

C.the Boston Tea Party

D.the Congress of Confederation

5. Abraham Lincoln issued the —C—to grant freedom to all slaves.

A.Declaration of Independence

B.Constitution

C.Emancipation Proclamation

D.Bill of Rights

6. The policy of the United States was —A—at the beginning of the two

World Wars.

A.nuetrality

B.full involvement

C.partial involvement

D.appeasement

7. President —C— introduced the NⅡew Deal to deal with the problems of

the Great Depression.

A.Wilson

B.Truman

C.Roosevelt

D.Kennedy

8. The Vietanam War was a long time suffering for Americans,and its

continued throughout the terms of president—D—.

A.Johnson,Nixon and Ford

B.Truman,Eisenhower and Kennedy

C.Kennedy,Johnson and Nixon

D.Eisenhower,kennedy and Johnson Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1.Why did American change its policy and enter World War Ⅱ?

2.What were Nixon’s well known contributions during his presidency?

3.What were the measure s of Reagan’s economic program?

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1.What was the course of the American Civil War?

2.What made the United States a powerful country by the end of World War Ⅱ?

Chapter 10

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F).

—F—1.The Bill of Right was written into the Constitution in 1787.

—T—2.The form of the American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers and respect for the Constitution and rule of law.

—F—3.The US Congress consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.

—T—4.The judicial branch of the US federal government consists of a series of courts: the supreme court, the courts of appeals and the district courts. —F—5.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.

—T—6.The American presidential campaigns adhere to the “winner-takes-all”

practice.

—F—7.The American foreign policy throughout World War 2 was neutrality. —T—8.The American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1.The US.Constitution came into effect in –B--

A. 1787

B. 1789

C. 1791

D.1793

2. The Constitution of the United States --C--

A. gives the most power to Congress

B. gives the most power to

the president

C. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the others

D. gives the most power to the Supreme Court

3.The Bill of Right –B--

A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the President

B. guarantees citizens of the US specific individual rights and freedom

C. is part of the Declaration of Independence

D. has no

relationship with the Constitution.

4.The terms for a Senator and Representative are __D_ and ___ years

reapectively.

A. 2;4

B.2;3

C. 2;6

D.6;2

5. All the following can make legislative proposals EXCEPT –C--

A. the senator

B. the Representative

C. the secretary of state

D. the president

6.The following are all powers of the President EXCEPT C

A. vetoing any bills passed by Congress

B. appointing federal judges when vacancies occur

C. making laws

D.issuing executive orders

7. The Supreme Court is composed of __D_ justices

A. 6

B. 7

C. 8

D.9

8. The president is directly voted into office by _C__

A. all citizens of America

B. the citizens over 18 years old

C. electors elected by the voters

D. the senators and the

representatives

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1.what are the two characteristics of the us constitution?

2.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?

3.what are the major powers of the Supreme Court?

4.what are the differences between the Democrats and the Republicans in terms of political ideology.

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1.How is the American President voted into office? What are your ideas about the American election?

2.what was President Eisenhower’s foreign policy and what were the consequences?

Chapter 11

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F). —T—1.America is the world’s largest industrial nation.

—T—2.In the US Constitution ,the recognition of the importance of ‘intellectual property’ could be identified.

—F—3.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantations in the South made more profits from selling their agricultural products.

—F—4. President Roosevelt’s New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in the early 1930s

—F—5. The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American business. —T—6. American agriculture exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.

—T—7. Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.

—F—8. The growth and decline of the American foreign trade has little to do with the world economy.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields EXCEPT __C_

A. machinery

B. automobiles

C. ore

D. chemicals

2. The modern American economy progressed from___ to____, and then to __C__

A. a colonial economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economy

B. a farming economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economy

C. a colonial economy, a farming economy, an industrial economy

D. a handcraft economy, a farming economy, an industrial economy

3. Chartered companies were NOT granted the _D__ by the British King or Queen.

A. political authority

B. economic rights

C. judicial authority

D. diplomatic authority

4. __D__ urged the federal government to establish a national bank.

A. George Washington

B. President Roosevelt

C. Abraham Lincoln

D. Alexander Hamilton

5. The following inventions took place during the ‘second industrial

revolution’ EXCEPT_C__

A. typewriter

B. telephone

C. electric light

D. refrigerator

6. President Johnson tried to build a ‘Great Society’ by introducing various

programs like the following EXCEPT___D__

A. Medicare

B. Food Stamps

C. Education Initiatives

D. Unemployment Pension

7. The following statements are all true EXCEPT_B__

A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm

enterprises B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.

C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational

firms. D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.

8. Employment in the__A_ sector has been increasing in the US since the

1970s.

A. service

B. agriculture

C. manufacturing

D. high-tech

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1.What industrial developments took place during the colonial period in America?

2. How did the Civil War effect the American economy?

3. Why does America try to reduce trade barriers?

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1. How did the US Constitution lay the groundwork for America’s economic development?

2. Cite examples to illustrate the role of government intervention in America’s economic development.

Chapter 12

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F). —T—1. Education is governed by state and local governments instead of the national government in America.

—T—2. All American children are offered 12 years of compulsory public

education.

—F—3. After 12 years o schooling, American students receive a bachelor’s degree upon graduation.

—T—4. When selecting a college or university, students have a great concern for its size, location and academic quality.

—T—https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7417423508.html,ually,an undergraduate student has to earn at least 120 credits to receive a degree.

—F—6. Outstanding graduates of Yale university include President Wilson and more than 80 senators.

—F—7.It is The New Y ork Times that first uncovered the Watergate Scandal in 1972.

—F—8. Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1.Foemal education in the US consists of __C___, secondary and higher education.

A. kindergarten

B. public

C. elementary

D. private

2. Of the following subjects,___B__ are NOT offered to elementary school students.

A. mathematics and language arts

B. politics and business

education

C. science and social studies

D. music and physical education

3. Higher education in the US began with the founding of __B___

A. Yale University

B. Harvard College

C. Princeton University

D. music and physical education

4. Of the following,__B__ are NOT among the categories of American higher

education.

A. universities and colleges

B. research institutions

C. technical institutions

D. community colleges

5. To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do

the following EXCEPT__C__

A. attending lectures and completing assignments

B. passing

examinations

C. working for communities

D. earning a certain number of

credits

6. __B___is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and has a

reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.

A. The Washington Post

B. The New York Times

C. The Los Angeles Times

D. New York Daily News

7. Of the following,__B__ is not among the three major radio and TV

networks in America.

A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)

B. the Public Broadcasting

Service (PBS)

C. the Columbia Broadcasting system (CBS)

D. the American

Broadcasting System(ABS)

8. The National Day of the US falls on ___B__ each year.

A. June 4th

B. July 4th

C. June 14th

D. July 14th

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1. How does an American university choose its applicants?

2. What functions do American higher education institutions perform?

3. What similarities do the four famous universities share?

4. What are the origins if Thanksgiving Day?

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1. What are the ideals that guide the American educational system?

2. How does America carry out multicultural education?

Chapter 13

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —T—1.Walt Whitman introduced great innovations to American literature ,and devised a poetic style , free verse .

—F—2.Emily Dickinson’s poems are usually long , exploring the inner life of the individual .

—F—3.Stephen Crane is famous for his writings about the meeting of America and Europe .

—T—4.Ezra Pound leads the School of Imagism , which advocates a clear , highly visual presentation .

—T—5.Jack Kerouac’s On the Road is a representative work of the Beat Writers.

—T—6.Alice Walker was passionate about the civil rights movements and the women’s movement of 1960s , and The Color Purple is her masterpiece . —F—7.America’s most renowned playwright is Tennessee Williams , and his plays are highly experimental in form and style .

—T—8.Arthur Miller is concerned with the conflicts of the individual within society , and Death of a Salesman is his masterpiece .

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1.Of the following writer, ----C----are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods .

A. Benjamin Franklin and Edgar Allan Poe

B. Edgar Allan Poe and Jonathan Edwards

C.Benjamin Franklin and Jonathan Edwards

D.Edgar Allan Poe and Washington Irving

2. ---D-- is regarded as the “father of American literature”

A. James Fenimore Cooper

B. Ralph Waldo Emerson

C. Thomas Jefferson

D.Washington Irving

3.Of the following , --C-- is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece

A. The Last of the Mohicans

B. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow

C. Mody Dick

D. Daisy Miller

4.Of the following ,--D---is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works

A. colloquial speech

B. a sense of humor

C. a realistic view

D. an idealistic view

5. Of the following writer, ---D--is NOT included in the group pf naturalists

A. Stephen Crane

B. Frank Norris

C. Theodore Dreiser

D. Herman Melville

6. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is --A-- ,and its theme is about ---

A. The Great Gatsby , the American Dream

B. Tender Is the Night , love

C. Tales of the Jazz Age , the loss of oneself

D. The Beautiful and Damned , the evil of human nature

7. Of the following writer, ---A-- is NOT a Nobel Prize winner

A. Alice Walker

B. Ernest Hemingway

C. William Faulkner

D. Eugene O’Neill

8. --B---is the first African –American winner of the Noble Prize for

Literature

A. Ralph Ellison

B. Ernest Hemingway

C. William Faulkner

D. James Baldwin

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1.What is the essence of American Puritanism ?

2.What is the Lost Generation ?

3. What is the Beat Movement ?

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1.What are the characteristic of the American writing during the Romantic

Period ?

2.Why is Eugene O’Neill regarded as the greatest American playwright ?

Chapter 14

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —T—1. Canada is the second largest country in the world in terms of territory . —T—2. The lakes in Canada cover about 7.6% of the Canadian landmass —F—3. Canada has a typical oceanic climate influenced by both the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean

—F—4. The Seven Year’ War led to the British control of most of the territories

in Canada

—T—5. Canada was split into Upper Canada and Lower Canada in 1791 —F—6. During World War 2 ,neutral policy protected Canada from the wartime destruction

—T—7. Chretien’s Liberal government succeeded in lowering the persistently high unemployment rate

—F—8. Canada was the first country in the world to allow same-sex marriage Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1. Canada’s fur trade , later fur monopoly , gradually began to take shape in the ---B--century

A. 15th

B. 16th

C. 17th

D.18th

2. The Liberal government led by Mackenzie King did the following to lay the foundations of the Canadian welfare state EXCEPT--D--

A. increasing the old age pensions

B. promoting federal-provincial welfare programs

C. expending unemployment benefits

D. introducing health insurance

3. ---B--won the Nobel Prize for Peace in1957 for organizing a peacekeeping force to defuse the Suez Crisis

A. Pierre Trudeau

B. Lester Pearson

C. Jean Chretien

D. Brian Mulroney

4. In the --C--, Canada was obsessed with economic recession

A. 1950s

B. 1960s

C. 1970s

D. 1980s

5. Pierre Trudeau retired from his post as head of the government and

party leader partly because --C--

A. he opposed the American war in Vietnam

B. he agreed Quebec to be an independent French-speaking nation

C. he had not been able to reverse the declining economic trend

D. he weakened government intervention in the national economy

6. --A--- recognized Quebec as a “distinct society”

A. The Meech Lake Accord

B. The Quebec Act

C. The Constitutional Act

D. The British North America Act

7. --D---was Canada’s first woman Prime Minister

A. Pierre Trudeau

B. Brian Mulroney

C. Jean Chretien

D. Kim Campbell

8. Martin’s Liberal government tried to do the following EXCEPT-B--

A. legalizing same-sex marriage in Canada

B. giving the Quebec city sovereignty

C. improving Canadian- US relations

D. forging a closer relationship with China

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1. What was the original purpose of John Cabot and Jacques Cartier when

they came to Canada ?

2. Why did the Meech Lake Accord fail in 1990 ?

3. How did Jean Chretien government gain popularity among the Canadian people in its early years ?

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1. What is the Quebec Issue in Canada ?

2.What are the similarities between the major cities of Canada ?

Chapter15

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1. Canada’s political structure has nothing to do with that of Britain and US

—F—2. The Canadian government is responsible to the King or Queen of Britain

—T—3. The Canadian court system is divided into four levels

—F—4. All Canadian citizens aged over 18 have the right to vote

—T—5. Multilingualism and multiculturalism are characteristic of the Canadian culture

—F—6. In Canada , different provinces and territories share the same educational system

—F—7. In Canada , children have to pass a university entrance exam in order to enter the university

—F—8. Laval University is the largest higher education institution in Canada, while the University of Toronto is the oldest one

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1. On average, members of the House of Commons are elected for a maximum of --C---years

A. 3

B. 4

C.5

D.6

2. -B---holds the highest position in the Canadian parliamentary system

A. The Britain Crown

B. The Governor General

C. The President

D. The Prime Minister

3. In each province, ---A-represents the British Crown

A. a Lieutenant Governor

B. a Governor General

C. a Prime

D. a Governor

4. ---C--of Canada serve(s) as the final court of appeals in Canada

A. The provincial courts

B. The Federal Court

C. The Supreme Court

D. The Federal Court of Appeal

5. In Canada , the largest religious denominations is --B--

A. the Protestant church

B. the Roman Catholic church

C. the Puritan church

D. the Anglican church

6. If applicants meet the basic requirement for immigration to Canada ,

英语国家概况_习题集(含答案)

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英语国家概况

英语国家概况-Land and people I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。 2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3. The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones. 不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。 4.Three political divisions on the island：England, Scotland and Wales. 大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。 (1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section. 英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地及南部山陵。首府：爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府：加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast. 北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府：贝尔法斯特。 5.The Commonwealth (of nations)is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是独立的前英国殖民地组成的自由联合体。它成立于1931年，至1990年止已有50个成员国。 II. Geographical Features 英国的地理特征 1.Geographical position of Britain: 英国的地理位置： Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. 英国是一个岛国。它位于大西洋北部，与欧洲大陆的北海岸隔海相望。南面的英吉利海峡和东面的北海将它与欧洲其它部分隔开。 2.The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; and the east and southeast are mostly lowlands. 英国的西部和北部主要是高地，东部和东南部主要是低地。 III. Rivers and Lakes 河流与湖泊 Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in Britain (1,343m).

英语国家概况课后题总结和答案

Chapter 1 land and people are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth The British Isles,Greant Britina and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country,while the official name is the United Kingdom,but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britian. the geographical position of Britian Britain is an island country. It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of is separated from the rest of Europe by the English channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands. Britain have a favourable climate why Yes,it has a favourable climate, because it has a maritime type of climate---winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool, not too has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole has a small range of temperature,too. are the factors which influence the climate in Britain Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest

英语国家概况课程标准

英语国家概况课程标准 课程代码： 适用专业：商务英语 一、课程概述 1．课程性质 语言是文化的载体，文化是语言的基础。英语语言学习和英国国家文化相互依存、密不可分。一个优秀的英语语言学习者，若不了解该语言背后所承载的民族文化，其交际能力也会受到限制。该课程能使学生了解和掌握英美两国政治，历史，经济，社会，文化和教育等基本知识，了解英美国家社会发展、现状和影响这两个国家社会发展的因素，拓展学生的知识面，培养学生文化意识，启发学生了解西方社会，了解交际规则，增强学生的英语语言学习能力，为后续专业课程的学习打下一定的基础，进而为培养高技能应用型复合人才打下基础。 2．课程设计思路 本课程在设计上围绕合作学习法—任务型教学法、比较教学法、线索梳理法、启发式等教学法。 合作学习法—任务型教学法 合作学习法又称协作学习，是以合作学习小组为基本形式，系统利用教学中动态因素之间的互动，促进学生的学习，以团体成绩作为评价标准，共同完成教学活动。任务型教学法是一种以任务或活动为核心单位计划组织语言教学的途径,一种强调“在做中学”的语言教学方法。合作学习法与任务型教学法结合是指教师设计学习任务，指导并帮助学生以小组为单位通过合作、协商完成学习任务的教学过程。主要采用组织演示、演讲、讨论等形式。 2）比较教学法 比较教学法是在教学过程中，利用教学内容的相互联系和区别，促进学生掌握和巩固教学内容、达到教学目标的一种逻辑思维方法。例如，在学习美国的政体时，我们可以和英国政体、甚至是我国的政体进行比较，异中求同，同中求异。从而对“Parliament”、“Congress”和我国的NPC （The National People’s Congress）形成更深刻的理解。运用这种教学法不仅有利于学生掌握基本知识与技能，而且有利于提高学生的创造性思维能力。3）线索梳理法 线索梳理法，尤其是历史年代轴线表示法是表达历史线索最清晰的一种方式，这种方式的特点是易于梳理，可操作性强，非常直接，便于记忆。比如说，英国历史很长，如果不进行梳理，很难记忆，如果整理成一条线索，效果却不能同日而语： Early settlers——Roman invasions——Anglo-Saxons——the Viking and Danish Invasions——the Norman Conquest——William’s Rule——the Great Charter——the Hundred Year’s War——the English Reformation——the English Renaissance——the Civil War——the Glorious Revolution——the Industrial Revolution——the two World Wars 同样，美国历史部分可整理成这样一条线索： The war of Independence——the War of 1812——territorial expansion and Westward Movement——the Civil War——the two World Wars——the Cold War——the Berlin Blockade——the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s——the Vietnam War 二、课程培养目标 1．知识目标 了解主要英语国家的地理，历史，经济和政治等方面的概况；了解主要英语国家的文化传统，风俗习惯和社会生活的其他有关情况。 2．技能目标 扩大知识面，有效弥补英语专业学生知识面窄的不足；提高英语阅读的能力和语言应用能力。 3．素质目标

《英语国家概况》模拟试卷(二)及答案

《英语国家概况》模拟试卷（二） (考试时间150分钟) (英语专业) I. Direction: Read the following unfinished statements of questions carefully. For each unfinished statement of question four suggested answers A; B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on your answer sheet (25%) 1. There are ______ political divisions on the island of Great Britain. A. one B. two C. three D. four 2. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except _______. A. no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council; B. no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the land C. London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges D. There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country. 3. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ________ modified and improved the design in 1765. A. Abraham Darby B. James Watt C. John Kay D. Richard Arkwright 4. In some areas factory farming methods are used, particularly for ________. A. growing crop B. producing milk C. catching fish D. rearing poultry 5. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom. A. Prime Minister B. Member of Parliament C. Lord of Appeal D. Speaker of the House 6. Under the Anglo - Irish Treaty, Britain established _______ with dominion status in Ireland in 1921. A. the Anglican Church of Ireland B. the Irish Free State C. the Irish Republican Army

英语国家概况课后题

英语国家概况 P17 1.Britain is now a multiracial society which produces a population of which 1 in 20 are of non-European ethnicity. 2.Britain is a country with a history of invasions. In 43 AD Britain was invaded by the Roman Empire in the 11th century they suffered invasions from Normans. 3.Charles the first, king of Britain, was executed, because he attempted to overthrow parliament in the English Revolution. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7417423508.html, two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationally respected universities: Edinburgh and Glasgow. 5.Both the Scottish and Welsh people elect their members of parliaments to the London Parliament and each holds 72 and 38 seats respectively. P47 6.The doctrine of the “divine right of kings”held that the sovereign derived his authority from God not from his subjects. 7.During the civil war in the 17th century, those who represented the interests of Parliament aare called roundheads, and those who supported the King were called loyalists. 8.In 1215, some feudal barons and the Church forced King John to sign the Magna Carta to place some limits on the King’s power.

英语国家概况社会文化入门简答题上册答案

u n i t7 1 (1)What are the purposes of the British education system (2)Please comment on these purposes. (3)What are the main purposes of the Chinese education system (4)Are there any differences or similarities in the education of the two nations 答：(1)The purpose of the British education system is to teach children practical skills and socialize them. (2)Children learn practical skills, and the rules and values they need to become good citizens, to participate in the community, and to contribute to the economic prosperity of an advanced industrial economy. (3)The purpose of the Chinese education is to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills they will need to become active members of society. (4) In china, people think school is just about teaching children what are often called” the three R’s---“reading, writing and ‘arithmetic”(reading, writing and arithmetic). 2. How does the British education reflect social class British education reflect the deeper divisions in British society in which social class is still very important: class inequality can be erased or continued according to education policy. What’s more, the enduring feature of British education is the continuing debate over how “equal” educational opportunity should be. In British, the accent you speak with, the clothes you wear, and the schools you attend are all markers that identify your social class. The school (or college)tie is a clear marker of social class. Even on informal occasions you will sometimes see men wearing their school ties as belts to hold up their trousers –proudly displaying their attendance at a certain school. In Britain, where you are educated is very important to you future. 3 what are the major changes that have taken place since World war 2 Is British education moving towards more progress or more equality Pick up some examples from the text to illustrate your points. Other major changes to the British education system were caused by world war Ⅱ。This time, the new system would emphasize equality. The result was the 1944 Education Act which made entry to secondary schools and universities”meritocratic”. Children would be abilities they displayed. All children were given the right to a free secondary education and the main concern was to make sure more children had access to a good education. In the 1960s,comprehensive schools were introduced all over the country, which ended the division between grammar schools----where the most academically capable pupils were sent to be prepared for university----and vocational school where less successful pupils were sent to learn allowed to let children "compete" for places. 4. Why does the author say that universities in Britain have been rather elitist 答：Most students were from the middle classes, attended good schools, performed well in their A-levels and received a fully-funded place in a university. In recent years, great efforts have been made to increase the numbers of and kinds of people that pursue higher education. Access for mature students and students without traditional A-level qualifications is widening. 5. (1) what is the Open University in Britain (2)What do you think of this system (1)The Open University offers a non-traditional route for people to take university level courses and receive a university degree. People can follow university courses through textbooks, TV and radio broadcasts, correspondence, videos, residential schools and a network of study centre. (2)It was the Open University which provided the inspiration for the founding of China’s TV and Radio University. Unit 8 British Foreign Relations 1.What and how did the British empire end How did the British react to this reality How did the end of British imperialism influence the psychology of the British and the making of Britain's foreign policy (1) The end of the great British empire was surprisingly rapid. In 1946, Jordan, in the Middle East, was granted independence. The following year, India and Pakistan followed suit. In 1948, Burma and Ceylon

英语国家概况总结资料全

Unit1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom 1.The flag of Britain : Union Jack （英国国旗中没有显示出Welsh旗） 2. The basic information of each country: Count ry Capital Area Memo Englan d London 最大 1.最不会把自己的 “英格兰文化区 别于其他文化” 2.一个高度城市化

3.The time joining the British parliament: However, in 1707 by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments, Scotland joined the Union. 4.Difference between the British Isles ,UK, Great Britain , and England: British Isles: the island of Great Britain the island of Ireland

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