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英语口译考试十大经典句型

英语口译考试十大经典句型

一、 A + a 结构

这种结构通常是指一个大句子后面带有一个小结构,翻译方法通常可以将前者翻译成中心句,后面翻译成同位语,介词短语或是分词和定语从句。

例1:现在我们有16个系,下设39个专业。

There are 16 departments with 39 specialties in our school.

例2:北京有10个区9个县,总面积1万6千800平方公里。 There are 10 districts and 9 counties in Beijing with an area of 16 thousand 8 hundred square kilometers.例3:中国在2000年悉尼奥运会上,获得28枚金牌,在奖牌榜上名列第三。

China won 28 gold medals at the 2000 Sydney Olympic Game, ranking the 3rd on the medal tally.二、 A + a1 + a2 结构这种结构通常是指在主句后面同时出现了两个小句子,翻译的方法通常是将后两者同时变化成定语从句或是同位语的结构,还可以把其中两个变成介词或是同位语结构,这种结构十分常见。

例1:在过去的1年里,中国贯彻扩大内需的方针,经济得到稳步发展,人民生活水平得到显著提高。

Last year, China implemented the policy of enlarging domestic demands, which led to stable economic development and significant improvement of people’s life.

例2:黄河流经中国的9个省和自治区,全长5464公里,流域面积75万2443平方公里。

The Yellow River runs 5464 kms across 9 provinces and autonomous regions with drainage area of 752,443 square kms.

三、A + a + B 结构这种结构和A + a1 + a2非常类似,我们在翻译的时候就是要区分第三个句子究竟能不能和前一个句子连在一起,也就是说最后一个句子和前者有没有密切的关系,当然在有些情况下,这两个句子结构区分起来比较复杂,也比较难以区分。

例1:现在只有5个国家的妇女收入占男性收入的80%以上,而中国妇女的收入相当于男性收入的80.4%。

Now, there are only 5 countries where women’s salaries make up 80% of men’s, while the income of the Chinese women equals to 80.4% that of man’s.

(这句话把含有80%的这个小句子翻译成了前者的

从句,而后面的一个句子又重新起了一句,很显然前两个句子和第三个句子没有什么逻辑关系。)例2:据世界卫生组织的报告显示,到2020 年,世界老人将超过10亿,其中7亿生活在发展中国家。目前,全世界60岁以上的老人大约有5.8亿。

According to a report of WHO, by 2020 it is estimated that the population of senior citizens will increase to 1 billion, including 700 million live in the less developed countries.

There are 580 million people more than 60 years old all over the world at present.

四、 A + B + b 结构这种结构和A + a1 + a2也非常类似,我们在翻译的时候就是要区分第二个句子究竟能不能和前一个句子连在一起,也就是说第二个句子和前者有没有密切的关系,当然在有些情况下,这两个句子结构区分起来比较复杂,很难区分。

例1:1990年,只有32%的3岁到6岁的儿童进入幼儿园,但是到1998年年底中国已经有18万幼儿园,接收了2400万儿童。

In 1990, only 32% of children from 3 years old to 6 years old entered kindergartens, but by the end of 1998 there were kindergartens with 24 million children in China.

例2:我国于1999年10月已进入人口老龄化国家的行列,我们80岁以上的老人已达1100万,并以年均5%的速度增长。

China has become an aged society since October 1999. The number of the aged people over 80 years old reached 11 million with an average annual growth rate of 5%.

五、 A + a1 + a2 + a3 结构这种结构实际上就是以上几种结构的延伸,这样的延续可能多个,而不止三个,其实方法都是一样,就是将后三者变成并列层次,要么是定语从句,要么是同位语,要么是介词结构。

例1:奥林匹克公园占地1215公顷,其中包括760公顷的森林绿地,50公顷的国际展览体育中心以及405公顷的中华民族园。

The Olympic Games Park covers an area of 1215 hectares, including 760 hectares woods and grassland, 50 hectares Internati

onal Exhibition Sports Center and 405 hectares Chinese Ethnic Park. /The Olympic Park covering 1215 hectares includes 760-hectare woods and grassland, 50-hectare International Exhibition Sports Center and 405-hectare Chinese Ethnic Park.

例2:在奥林匹克公园主建筑区内将建成容纳8万人的主体育场、2个大型综合体育馆、运动员村和国际展览体育中心。

In the main building area of the Olympic Games Park, a main stadium which accommodates 80 thousand people, 2 large sports complexes, the athletes’village and the International Exhibition Sports Center are now under construction.

六、 A + a + B + b 结构这种结构就是把两个A + a结构放在一起,其实方法和第一种很像,但是要形成两个主句和两个从属成分。

例1:2000年,全国共有普通高中14600所,在校生1201万人,职业中学2万所,在校学生1295万人。

In 2000, there were 14.6 thousand regular senior high schools in China with 12.01 million students at school and 20 thousand vocational schools with 12.95 million students at school.

例2:2000年,全国有妇幼保健院609个,医务工作者7.2万人,妇幼保健所、站2598个。基层医务工作者7.5万人。

In 2000, there were 609 women and children health centers with 72 thousand health and medical workers and 2598 local women and children health centers with 75 grass root health and medical workers.例3:我国于1999年10月已进入人口老龄化国家的行列,并以年均3%的速度持续增长,我们80岁以上的老人已达1100万,并以年均5%的速度增长。

China has become an aged society since October 1999 with an average annual growth rate of 3%. The number of the aged people over 80 years old reached 11 million with an average annual growth rate of 5%.

(这句话说明了两个事实,所

以在翻译的时候,我们可以分割成两个A + a结构来进行翻译。)七、 A + B + C 结构这种结构就是把三个不相关的句子放在一起,那么在翻译的时候我们要注意逐句翻译。而且还要注意看看句子中是否存在有小结构,就是A的下部分有没有a1或是a2等结构。

例1:根据第五次全国人口普查,全国共有12亿9335万人,其中祖国大陆包括31个省,自治区和直辖市,不包括福建省金门,马祖岛和现役军人12亿6580万人,香港特别行政区678万人,澳门特别行政区44万,台湾包括金门,马祖岛共计2228万人。

According to the 5th population census, there were 1 billion 293 million 350 thousand people in China, including the total number/ population of 31 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities excluding Jinmen and Mazu islands in Fujian province and of servicemen of China’s mainland was 1 billion 265 million 830 thousand. The population of Hong Kong SAR was 6 million 780 thousand and that of Macao was 440 thousand as well as that of Taiwan Jinmen and Mazu Islands was 22 million 280 thousand.

八、 A + 倒 A 结构这种结构就是指前后说的是同一件事情,但是所表达的对象是不一样的。

例1:我很喜欢游泳,你也很喜欢游泳。

I like swimming. So do you.

例2:2008年,上海的老年人口已经达到了400万,同样北京于同年也达到了400万。

In 2008, the population of senior citizens in Shanghai was 4 million. So was Beijing.九、 A + —A 结构

这种结构指的是前者说的事情和后者的事情刚好相反来说。

例1:我很喜欢你,你也很喜欢我。

I like you, and vice versa.

例2:美国人民喜欢江泽民主席,江泽民主席也很喜欢美国人民。 The A

merican people like President Jiangzemin, and vice versa.

十、考察完全的名词结构

这种结构一般没有很多的数字,但是名词很多,考生在平时要注意积累词汇,当然更难的则是将词汇和数字结合在一起。

例1:20世纪90年代,我国人口文化素质提高速度之快,是建国以来少有的。这一变化趋势反映了10来我国落实扫除青少年文盲,普及9年义务教育和大力发展高等教育等措施所取得的成果。

Our people’s education level has increased sharply since 1990s. This tendency reflected our achievements through eliminating illiterates among the young and the middle aged, universalizing the 9-year compulsory education and developing higher education in the past 10 years.

例2:近年来,中央政府给西藏的财政补贴每年都达12亿元以上,总投资46亿元的62项援藏工程以及中央国家机关有关部委和15个对口支援省、市投资的32亿元援建的716项工程已全部竣工并投入使用。

In recent years, the annual financial subsidy from the central government to Tibet reached 1.2 billion yuan. The 62 aid-Tibet projects with a total investment of 4.6 billion and 716 projects with an investment of 3.2 billion from ministries, commissions, central government institutions and other 15

provinces and cities had been finished and put into operation.

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